RIZAL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

JP Rizal St., Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal

GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 | S.Y. 2022-2023
“Kinetic Molecular Theory Model”

Names (By pair): Eleni C. Tsoukala & Graciella Bernielyn D. Matienzo

Grade & Section: 12 - Aristotle
(SET A). Kinetic Molecular theory gives way to a model that can explain gases behaviour, and it is
described through a set of postulates:

1. Gases are made up of very small molecules, which are

separated by a very great distance between them.
2. Because of the very great distance between them, the
force of attraction between the molecules is negligible
3. The molecules are in constant motion, moving in
randomly in all directions.
4. Due to the great number of molecules and their random
motion, it is unavoidable that the molecules will collide
with each other and with the walls of the container.
5. During these collisions, there is no change in the
momentum of the molecules.
6. The average kinetic energy of the molecules is
determined only by the absolute temperature of the gas.

Analyzing these postulates explain some properties of

gases:

a. Why can gases be compressed?

When molecules of a state of matter are spread widely apart or have a large amount of space
between them, that is called gas. The gas molecules come together and fill the space between them
when pressure is applied to them. This occurrence results in the reduction of the volume of gas;
thus, it becomes compressed.

b. Why does the volume of a gas decrease as the pressure increases at constant temperature?

While the gas particles are compressed closer together, the pressure on a gas rises, making the
volume of the gas decrease. In contrast, as a gas's pressure falls, its volume rises as a result of the
gas's ability to spread its particles further apart.

c. Why do gases exert pressure?

The pressure a gas exerts is the result of the random movement of its particles. Weak intermolecular
interactions in gases cause the particles to move randomly and collide with the container walls all the
time. The pressure on the gas is increased by these contacts with the container's walls.

d. Why does the volume of a gas increase as it is heated at constant pressure?

According to Gay-Lussac's law, the temperature and volume of a gas are directly related. When
temperature increases, volume increases if pressure remains constant. The expansion of gas is due
to an increase in the kinetic energy of the gas's particles when they are heated. To maintain the
pressure, the container’s volume should be increased when a gas is subjected to heat.

(SET B) Answer the following questions.

 RIZAL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
JP Rizal St., Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal
GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 | S.Y. 2022-2023
“Kinetic Molecular Theory Model”
Consider the following gas container equipped with a movable piston.

a. By what factor (increase by 1, decrease by 1.5, etc.) would you

change the pressure if you wanted the volume to change from volume
C to volume D?

I would increase the pressure by 2 for the volume to decrease by 0.5,

allowing the volume to change from volume C to volume D. This will
happen because the volume and pressure of a gas are inversely
related to each other.

b. If the piston were moved from volume C to volume A, by what

factor would the pressure change?

Since the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related, lowering the pressure by a factor
of two doubles the volume of C to A.

c. By what factor would you change the temperature in order to change from volume C to
volume B?

I would change the temperature by 1.5; thus, the volume will also increase by 1.5, allowing
the temperature to change from volume C to volume B. This will happen because the
temperature and volume of a gas are directly proportional to each other.

d. If you increased the number of moles of gas in the container by a factor of 2, by what
factors would the pressure and the volume change?

The pressure would not change because the piston could move, because the volume of gas is
exactly relative to the quantity of moles, increasing the number of moles by a factor of two
increases the volume by two.