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Science Activity Sheet

Quarter 3- MELC 4
Week 7
Periodic Table and The Chemical
Behavior of the Elements

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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Science 8
Activity Sheet No. 6- Periodic Table and The Chemical Behavior of the Elements
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.
This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western
Visayas.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Science 8 Activity Sheet

Writer: Junelie P. Aguilar

Editors: Rose L. Lizardo, PhD and Merry Joy C. Claur
Reviewer: Natalie A. Fernandez,
Illustrators: Mea L. Basa
Layout Artists: Jerome Jordan Z. Ponsica
Division Quality Assurance Team:
Jonah D. Denlos
Merry Joy C. Claur, Rose L. Lizardo
Division Escalante Management Team:
Clarissa G. Zamora
Ermi V. Miranda
Ivy Joy A. Torres
Jason R. Alpay
Mae Joy M. Tan
Ethel S. Gali
Natalie A. Fernandez
Regional Management Team:
Ramir B. Uytico
Atty. Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr.
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran

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Introductory Message
Welcome to Science Grade 8!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Escalante City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults)
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Science Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with minimal
or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made available to
the learners with the references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Science Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning even if
you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and
engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read
and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the
assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Name of Learner: _ _______________________ ______________________
Grade and Section: __ ___________________ Date:___________________

SCIENCE 8 ACTIVITY SHEET No. 6

Periodic Table and The Chemical Behavior of the Elements

I. Learning Competency with Code

Use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior of an element.
(S8MT-llIi-j-12)

II. Background Information for Learners

Scientists have always carefully sought for patterns, regularities, and

symmetries in nature, and organized or arranged these into information or data that is
understandable, meaningful, and useful. One concrete example of this is the
arrangement of elements in the periodic table. A periodic table gives us a lot of
information about an element. It also gives you an idea why an element is grouped
together with other elements or why it is located at a very specific spot.
Explore the historical background on how Periodic Table was formed and the
incredible feature of the periodic table. You will learn the similarities and differences
among atoms and their chemical properties by going through this learning activity.

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

Department of Education. (2014). K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum
Science 8 Learner’s Module pp.209 - 213.Pasig City, Philippines.

IV. Activity Proper

Activity 1:
Directions: Refer to the periodic table and answer the questions that follow.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Figure 1: Periodic Table

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Guide Questions:

1.State whether each set represents elements in a group, a period

or neither.

a. Li, Na, K, Rb
b. Cs, Au, Hg, Pb
c. Mg, Cr, Ag, Al
_______________________________________________________

2. Identify the period number and the Group number of the

following elements.
a. potassium
b. Phosphorus
c. Iodine
_______________________________________________________

3, Give the symbols of the elements that are represented by the

following period and group numbers.
a. Period 4, Group 5A
b. Period 3, Group 6A
c. Period 6, Group 2A
______________________________________________________

The vertical columns of the periodic table, called Groups, identify

the principal families of elements. Some families have their special names.
Refer to figure 1 above and focus on the rightmost part. Group 1 is named as
alkali metals, Group 2 as the alkaline earth metals, Group 17 or Group 7 as
the halogens and Group 18 or Group 8 as the noble gases. Groups 13 to 16
(Group 3A-6A) are named based on the first element found in their families.
Thus Group 16 or 6A is called the Oxygen Group. The horizontal rows or
Periods are numbered from top to bottom. The elements are grouped into
blocks or series in the periodic table. Group 3 to Grouped 12 constitutes one
block wherein elements in this block are referred to as the Transition
Elements. The lanthanides and actinides are special series of elements
but also part of the transition block. They are also called the inner transition
elements. From group 1, 2 and 3A through Group 18 are called the
representative elements or main groups of the periodic table.

B. Activity 2: “Metal…Metal: How reactive are you?”

Directions: Read, understand the procedures and perform the activity. Answer
the questions that follow and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Note: Ask the assistance of adult (any member of the family who is older than you
are)
Materials:
a piece of copper wire – 4 cm long
a strip of aluminum – 4 x 1 cm (Don’t use the glossy aluminum)
a strip of zinc metal – 4 x 1 cm
an iron nail – 1 inch long

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40 mL (10-12% HCl) commercially sold muriatic acid
4 clean glass bottles of the same size (gerber or sandwich spread bottles will do)
10 mL glass graduated cylinder
sandpaper or steel wool

Procedure:
1. Get 4 clean glass containers and using teaspoon, pour 2 teaspoons
(1teaspoon = 5mL) of muriatic acid into each container.
muriatic acid into each container.

4 clean glass container

1.a.

Using the Pour 2teaspoons of

graduated muriatic acid into each
cylinder, container.
Pour 2teaspoons
of muriatic acid

2. Prepare the iron nail, copper wire, strips of aluminum and zinc metals. Clean
these metal samples by rubbing them with sandpaper or steel wool

These are the needed materials:

Iron nail, copper wire,
aluminum strips, and zinc metal

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 3. Place the iron nail in one glass container containing muriatic acid (HCl) and
observe.

The iron nail is place inside the

glass container containing
2teaspoons muriatic acid.
The iron nail did not react with
muriatic acid

4. Place a white sheet of paper behind the bottle. This will make it easier to observe
any reaction to happen.
5. Observe for 3 minutes. Record all observed changes in the table below.

Table 1.
Metal Observable Reactions with Muriatic acid
(Check and describe the metal observed)
Violent Slow No Reaction
Iron
Copper
aluminum
zinc

6. Repeat procedure numbers 3 to 5 using each of the remaining metals. Compare

the results.

…with copper wire …. with aluminum strips …. with zinc metal

(did not react with (it reacts with muriatic (it reacts with muriatic

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 Muriatic acid) acid) acid
7. Arrange the metals in the order of their decreasing reactivity.

8. A reaction does not always happen between a metal and a compound. In this case,
the reaction of metals with acid, like HCl, produces bubbles of hydrogen and a
colorless solution of the metal chloride. There is an existing among metals and
hydrogen according to their ability to displace one another. This arrangement is called
the metal reactivity series or activity series of metals. The activity series is an
arrangement of metals according to decreasing order or reactivity, as shown below.

Table 2. Activity Series of Metals

Element Symbol Group No.

Potassium K 1 Most reactive
Sodium Na 1
Lithium Li 1
Calcium Ca 2
Magnesium Mg 2
Aluminum Al 3
Zinc Zn Transition metal Decreasing
Iron Fe Transition metal chemical
Tin Sn 4 reactivity
Lead Pb 4
Hydrogen H Nonmetal
Copper Cu Transition metal
Silver Ag Transition metal
Gold Au Transition metal
Platinum Pt Transition metal Least reactive

9. Locate the positions in the periodic table of the following elements from the activity
series (those are members of the representative block): potassium (K), sodium (Na),
Lithium (Li), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), and Aluminum (Al).

Guide Questions:

1. Which of these metals – Fe, Cu, Al and Zn reacts with muriatic acid? Which
did not react with muriatic acid?
_____________________________________________________________
2. What is the position (with respect to hydrogen) in the activity series of the
metals that reacted or unreacted with muriatic acid (HCL) in the activity?
_____________________________________________________________
3. Potassium, sodium, lithium are metals belonging to group 1. In this group,
how does reactivity vary – increasing or decreasing from top to bottom in the
periodic table?
_____________________________________________________________
4. Does the relative reactivity of calcium and magnesium follow this trend?
_____________________________________________________________
5. Sodium, magnesium and aluminum belong to Period 2. Does reactivity
increase or decrease from left to right among elements in the period?
_____________________________________________________________

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 6. Which will be more reactive in the following pairs of metal in every case?
_____________________________________________________________
7. What harmful change/s is/are brought about when a metal reacts or mixes
with acids?
____________________________________________________________
8. What are some ways of preventing corrosion of metals?
____________________________________________________________

Figure 2: Periodic Table Trends

Refer to the trends in periodic table shown in Figure 2 above as to the position in
the periodic table of the representative elements. It clearly shows that metallic
character increases from top to bottom and decreases from left to right; while
nonmetallic character decreases from top to bottom and increases from left to right.
Metallic property relates to how easy it is for an atom to lose an electron while
nonmetallic property relates to how easy it is for an atom to gain an electron.

V. Reflection:

Complete the statement.

I have learned that
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

I have realized that

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

I will apply

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Guide Questions:
Activity 1.
Answers Sample Problem 1
1.a The elements Li, Na,K, and Rb are part of a group of elements ,they all appear in
the vertical column 7A or Group 17.
1.b The elements Cs, Au, Hg and Pb all appear in the sixth row the sixth period.
1.c Neither. The elements Mg, Cr, Ag and Al do not belong to the same period nor
are they part of the same group.
Answers Sample Problem 2
2.a Potassium (K) is in period 4 and Group IA or I.
2.b Phosphorus (P) is in period 3 and Group 5A or 15
2.c Iodine (I) is in period 5 and Group 7A or 17.
Answers Sample Problem 3.
3.a As
3b S
3c Ba
VI. Answer Key
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Activity 2
Q1. Which of these metals – Fe, Cu, Al and Zn reacts with muriatic acid? Which did not react with muriatic
acid?
Answer: Zn and Al react with muriatic acid while Fe and Cu did not react with muriatic acid
Q2. What is the position (with respect to hydrogen) in the activity series of the metals that reacted or did not
react with muriatic acid (HCL) in the activity?
Answer: With respect to the position with hydrogen, the metallic reactivity increases from top to bottom and
decreases from left to right of the periodic table.
Q3. Potassium, sodium, lithium are metals belonging to group 1. In this group, how does reactivity vary –
increasing or decreasing from top to bottom in the periodic table?
Answer: Increasing
Q4. Does the relative reactivity of calcium and magnesium follow this trend?
Answer: Yes
Q5. Sodium, magnesium and aluminum belong to Period 2. Does reactivity increase or decrease from left to
right among elements in the period?
Answer: Decreases
Q6. Which will be more reactive in the following pairs of metal in every case?
a. Mg or Na with HCl
b. Ag or Al with HCl
c. Fe or Zn with CuSO4
Answer: a. Na b. Al c. Fe
Q7. What harmful change/s is/are brought about when a metal reacts or mixes with acids?
Answer: When metals react with other substances, the gradual wearing away or corrosion of a metal results
and which lead to the deterioration of metals.
Q8. What are some ways of preventing corrosion of metals?
Answer: Ways of preventing corrosion of metals: application of a synthetic coating such as lacquer or paint.
Reflection:
It is important to know the specific properties of elements to prevent us from harmful and damaging
reactions between elements.