Terms of use: This course material is strictly for class use only to students officially enrolled in

Math 40 Calculus for the Life Sciences

First Semester AY 2023-2024
MATH 40: Calculus for the Life Sciences; First Semester, A.Y. 2023 - 2024

printed, reproduced, shared, or sold without permission from the author.

Copyright protection is governed by R.A. 10372. This work cannot be
ASSIGNMENT GUIDE 4
Integrals and Its Applications

Introduction
A mathematical model is a link between a real-world life sciences phenomenon, such as
those in biology and life sciences, and its description in terms of mathematical objects. A
biological phenomenon where quantities change over time, such as population growth, drug
concentration, reaction rates, enzyme activity, among others, can be understood by applying the
concept of integrals.

Objectives
At the end of this activity, you should be able to:
1. Evaluate integrals, definite or indefinite, using the Fundamental theorem of Calculus,
integration properties, and other techniques of integration, whichever is applicable and
appropriate.
2. Move from discrete summation using the Riemann sum to a continuous process by taking the
limit of the Riemann sum.
3. Apply integrals in finding the area under a curve or between two curves, average rate of
change and volumes of solids, and other biological applications on integrals.

Schedule of Submission: 07 December 2023

Maximum Number of Points: 55 points

What to do?

1. Evaluate the following indefinite or definite integral using the specified integration
method, if given. Show necessary solutions.
4
1 3 𝜋 2 2 cot 𝑥 − 3 sin2 𝑥
𝑎) ∫ ( 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
5 4 sin 𝑥
1
1
𝑒) ∫ 𝑥𝑒 7𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (Integration by parts)
14
𝑏) ∫ 𝑥(1 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
0
1 1
5
𝑐) ∫ sin 𝜃 (1 − cos 𝜃) cos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃. 𝑓) ∫|2𝑥 − 1|𝑑𝑥
0
0
[ 4 pts each – correct evaluation of the integral,
2 pts each – partially correct evaluation of the integral]

Page 1 of 3
Terms of use: This course material is strictly for class use only to students officially enrolled in

2. Given the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1.

a) Sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) on the Cartesian plane over the interval [0, 2]. Let 𝑅 be the
region bounded by the graph 𝑓 and the lines 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 2. [3 pts]
b) Give the Riemann sum formula for 𝑅4 and use it to approximate the area of region 𝑅
with 𝑛 = 4 as the number of partitions. [5 pts]
c) Solve for the exact area of the region using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
MATH 40: Calculus for the Life Sciences; First Semester, A.Y. 2023 - 2024

printed, reproduced, shared, or sold without permission from the author.

(Part 2). [5 pts]

Copyright protection is governed by R.A. 10372. This work cannot be

3. Use the concept of definite integrals to find the area of the region 𝑅 bounded by the
3 1
following: 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 , 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 , 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 8. Make a sketch of the region 𝑅. [5 pts]

4. Find the average value of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 – 𝑥 2 over [0, 2]. [3 pts]

5. Let 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1. Sketch the region formed and bounded by the given curves.
Use either the cylindrical shell method or washer method to find the volume generated by
rotating the region by the given curves about the 𝑦- axis.
[ 2 pts for the correct sketch of the region,
3 pts for the correct solution and answer of the volume]

6. The human heart and associated blood vessels are shown in

the figure on the right. Blood returns from the body through
the veins, enters the right atrium of the heart, and is pumped
to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries for oxygenation.
It then flows back into the left atrium through the
pulmonary veins and then out to the rest of the body
through the aorta.
The cardiac output of the heart is the volume of
blood pumped by the heart per unit time, that is, the rate of
flow into the aorta.
The dye dilution method is used to measure the
cardiac output. Dye is injected into the right atrium and
flows through the heart into the aorta. A probe inserted into
the aorta measures the concentration of the dye leaving the heart at equally spaced times
over a time interval [0, 𝑇] until the dye has cleared. Let 𝑐(𝑡) be the concentration of the dye
at time t. If we divide the interval into subintervals of equal length Δ𝑡, then the amount of
dye that flows past the measuring point during the subinterval from 𝑡 = 𝑡𝑖−1 to 𝑡 = 𝑡𝑖 is
approximately
(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑦𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑑)(𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑑) = 𝑐(𝑡)(𝐹 Δ𝑡)
where F is the rate of flow that we are trying to determine. Thus, the total amount of dye is
approximately
𝑛

∑ 𝑐(𝑡𝑖 )(𝐹 Δ𝑡) = 𝑐(𝑡1 )(𝐹 Δ𝑡) + 𝑐(𝑡2 )(𝐹 Δ𝑡) + ⋯ + 𝑐(𝑡𝑛 )(𝐹 Δ𝑡)
𝑖=1
and, letting 𝑛 → ∞, we find that the amount of dye is

Page 2 of 3
 𝑛 𝑇 𝑻
Terms of use: This course material is strictly for class use only to students officially enrolled in

𝑨 = lim ∑ 𝑐(𝑡𝑖 )(𝐹 Δ𝑡) = ∫ 𝑐(𝑡)𝐹 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑭 ∫ 𝒄(𝒕) 𝒅𝒕 .

𝑛→∞
𝑖=1 0 𝟎
So, the cardiac output is given by
𝐴
𝐹= 𝑇
∫0 𝑐(𝑡)
𝑑𝑡
where the amount of dye A is known and the integral can be approximated from the
MATH 40: Calculus for the Life Sciences; First Semester, A.Y. 2023 - 2024

printed, reproduced, shared, or sold without permission from the author.

concentration readings.
Suppose that the dye dilution method is used to measure cardiac output with 6 mg

Copyright protection is governed by R.A. 10372. This work cannot be

of dye. The dye concentrations, in 𝑚𝑔/𝐿, are modeled by
𝒄(𝒕) = 𝟐𝟎𝒕𝒆−𝟎.𝟔𝒕 , 𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 ≤ 𝟏𝟎,
where t is measured in seconds. Find the cardiac output.
[Hint: Integration by parts is required.]

[5 pts for the correct solution, required answer to the question and interpretation]

The submission guidelines would depend on the instructor. If it is submitted online via UVEC, you
must make a screenshot or scan of your handwritten answers. Submit it in pdf format by
uploading it in the in the designated portal in UP Cebu UVEC with the filename:
(Family Name) _Assignment 3.pdf .

Page 3 of 3