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Redesigning Facilities Layout of Retail Store Based On Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) Method at Corpma+
Redesigning Facilities Layout of Retail Store Based On Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) Method at Corpma+
Ardhy Lazuardy
Assistant Professor
Department of Industrial Engineering
Universitas Indonesia
Depok, 16425, Indonesia
ardhy.lazuardy@ui.ac.id
Abstract
Cooperatives play an important role in local economic activity and community empowerment in Indonesia, acting as
a people's economic movement based on kinship. The effective design and layout of cooperative facilities have a
significant impact on operational efficiency and overall output. Corpma+, a student cooperative at Faculty of
Engineering Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, is currently ineffective for the
processing flow affected by the layout. The key objective of this research is to investigate the requirement of
restructuring the layout of Corpma+, which is confronting obstacles such as product discovering difficulties,
imprecise workflow, and inefficient space use. The research employs the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method
to enhance the facility layout, focusing on the most frequently purchased items, Activity Relationship Chart (ARC)
and Activity Relationship Diagram (ARD) analysis. The results showed the proposed layout is capable of enhancing
the efficiency of sellers in serving customers. It enables them to control the flow of customers and improve the
overall shopping experience for customers.
Keywords
Efficiency, Facility Planning, Retail Layout, Space Usage Optimization, Systematic Layout Planning.
1. Introduction
A cooperative is a business entity consisting of individuals or cooperative legal entities that bases its activities on
cooperative principles as well as being a people's economic movement based on kinship. In Indonesia, cooperatives
significantly influence the local economic activities and community empowerment, improving the welfare of its
members, and providing large employment opportunities. The design and layout of a facility can significantly
influence how efficiently tasks are performed, affecting overall productivity. In a cooperative, facility layout is a
critical component that directly impacts operational efficiency and productivity. An effective layout design should
consider various factors, such as workflow optimization and space utilization.
Prior to redesigning the layout of Corpma+, a student cooperative at Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia
Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, researchers interviewed the worker. There are several problems that
are often found, such as difficulty to find products, unclear workflow, and inefficient space utilization. Considering
the massive orders that Corpma+ receives everyday, it is very important that Corpma+ is able to utilize every part of
the store properly and carry out a good system of material handling. To get good and reliable results, researchers use
the systematic layout planning (SLP) to redesign the facility layout of Corpma+. Based on observation, most
customers buy three products on average. Most frequently purchased items are tools for architecture student’s
projects, which are cardboard, super glue, and polyfoam. Seeing this phenomena, researchers also focused on
making an Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and an Activity Relationship Diagram (ARD).
1.1 Objectives
Based on the highlighted difficulties, this study intends to improve the configuration of Corpma+'s facility by
focusing on elevating customer experience and streamlining service operations. An in-depth evaluation of the
current layout will be conducted to detect any inefficiencies in material handling, customer flow, and workstation
use. To ensure the efficient movement of materials, the recommended improvement will apply the Systematic
Layout Planning (SLP) method. In addition, positioning equipment will be integrated to improve handling and
processing. The primary goal is to optimize the arrangement for a more fluid process flow.
2. Literature Review
2.1 Facility Layout
Facility Layout is an activity to analyze, concept, design, and realize the system for goods producing or services to
optimize the relationship of officers, workers, materials flow, information flow, and a needed procedure to obtain
effective and efficient effort (Apple, 1977, 3). In general, the overall objective of the facilities design is to get the
inputs (material, supplies, etc) into, through and out of each facility in the shortest time practicable, at acceptable
cost. Therefore, the scoop of facility layout is not only for manufacturing problems, also it has been applied to
office, transportation, warehousing, packaging, and so on, and those fields corresponding to input, process, and
output (Wahyukaton & Affifah, 2018, 1).
A Absolutely necessary
E Especially important
I Important
O Ordinary closeness
U Unimportant
X Undesirable
3. Methods
The research was done at Corpma+, a student cooperative at Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Faculty
of Engineering Universitas Indonesia. The research is expected to be completed within two months, carried out from
the end of October to the beginning of December 2023. The research process begins with a combination of field
studies and literature review, followed by problem identification. There are three steps involved to reconstruct the
layout of KOPMA: analysis of the current layout, design of the layout using Systematic Layout Planning (SLP)
principles, and the evaluation of alternative layouts. The objectives of this research are established based on
identified problems, and the research scope is defined. Then, the next stage is data collection, including facility area,
size and quantity of storage cabinets and shelves, quantity of customers, types and quantity of products sold, and
cycle time for each operation. The collected data is then processed, taking into consideration both distance and time
factors during the operation process. The improved facility layout design aims to minimize waste and make the
workflow more efficient. Lastly, concluding the research involves summarizing findings and offering suggestions
based on the insights gained.
4. Data Collection
3 Complementary products
5 Supplementary products
6 Easier access
Considering the ARD results, we propose a free flow layout depicted in Figure 7 and Figure 8 to optimize the work
process in terms of workload and motion-movement efficiency. Here are the changes that we made to achieve that
goals: (1) Reduce the distance between racks or shelves with high relationship, (2) Optimize the space usage by
combining the space of the same kind of products, (3) Implement free flow layout to increase product visibility by
the customers (Hagtvedt & Chandukala, 2023).
After applying improvements, the racks or shelves that contain the same kind of product are combined to optimize
the space usage and increase the employee motion-movement efficiency. In the end, we reduce the number of the
racks or shelves by 4 or an area optimization of 3% (Table 6).
To compare the distance that workers need to cover when serving customers during purchases, we analyze the
distance between the most frequently purchased items at Corpma+, namely glue, cardboard, and polyfoam (Table 7).
Table 8. Comparison of distance relationship between existing layout and after improvement
Existing Layout After Improvement Layout
Series of Optimization (movement
combination reduction)
Flow Distance Total Flow Distance Total
When utilizing the layout we propose, employees can minimize movements by up to 13% (maximum) and enhance
their mobility in serving customers. With an effective layout, workers can move freely and address common issues
such as irregular queues and inefficient space utilization.
The result of Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) with the score of 9 points indicates that the activity of
reaching for the polyfoam or other type of papers at the top racks is a high risk activity moreover due to its repeated
needs. Therefore, we proposed a new rack design with smaller gap and lower height to improve the REBA score and
optimize the space usage of the rack (Figure 9).
6. Conclusion
After a series of analysis and calculation, research results on applying systematic layout planning methods obtained
alternative proposed layouts that can be applied to optimize increase production effectiveness the area utilization
existing layout from 49 m2 to 45 m2 or area optimization as a 3% and decrease movement distance that workers
need to cover by 13%. This, undoubtedly, can enhance the efficiency of workers in their tasks. This can also assist
workers in managing the flow of customers, especially during peak hours, thereby improving the comfort of buyers
when making purchases at Corpma+.
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Biography
Angelica Octavia Kunardi is a third-year undergraduate Industrial Engineering student at Universitas Indonesia.
Currently active as a Deputy Head of Treasury of Industrial Engineering of Ikatan Mahasiswa Teknik Industri
(IMTI) FTUI and Laboratory Assistant of Statistics and Quality Laboratory. Her research interests are mostly related
to project management, data science, information system, and machine learning.
Darlene Damayanti is a third-year undergraduate Industrial Engineering student at Universitas Indonesia. Currently
active as a Business Development Intern at a Japanese Company and also Head of Internal Division of Management
Information System and Decision Making Laboratory UI. Her research interests are mostly related to product
management, information system, design thinking, and business development.
Gabrielle Margareth Britannia Sitorus is a third-year undergraduate Industrial Engineering student at Universitas
Indonesia. In addition to her academic obligations, she is currently active in ShARE Universitas Indonesia as Project
Management and Outreach Associate and Ikatan Mahasiswa Teknik Industri (IMTI) FTUI as Expert Staff of
Academic and Profession. Her research interests are mainly in business development, data science, economics, and
project management.
Rafalia Maritza is a third-year undergraduate Industrial Engineering student at Universitas Indonesia. Currently
active as a K3LL teaching assistant of the Faculty of Engineering. Her research interests are mostly related to quality
systems, human capital management, industrial system design and information systems.