Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7

Alternative Delivery Mode

Module 3: Use of Tools and Equipment
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education – Region 10

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor Q. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Development Team of the Module

Writers: Michael Joseph F. Boniao, TI, Mansabay IS

Remegio C. Adlaon, Jr., TI, Clarin NHS
Merrydelle Joy B. Lauron, TII, Baliangao SOF
Anna Z. Gumahad, TI, Baliangao SOF
Remuel D. Montifalcon, TII, Aloran THS
Helen G. Marcellana, MTI, Aloran THS

Evaluators: Nena T. Arcay, School Head, BaliangaoSOF

Gregorio F. Carillo, Jr., HT III, Clarin NHS
Spark Erl E. Balicog, TI, Clarin NHS
Sammy C. Adlaon, TII, Lampasan IS

Illustrator and Layout Artist: Michael Joseph F. Boniao

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Regional Director

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Asst. Regional Director

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Schools Division Superintendent

Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

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 Technology and
7
Livelihood Education
Module 3
(USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT)

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Region 10 at
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We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Introductory Message

For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Use of Tools and Equipment

This is an introduction to the study of Drawing as a subject. It serves as the

foundation in a deeper study of drawing. This subject deals with the basics, like rules and
regulations, objectives of the subject, instruments used, materials and supplies needed,
reminders in the process of preparing and in the course of drawing, maintain drawing tools
and equipment and applying occupational safety in the working environment.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2

Lesson 3 ---------------- 4
What’s In ---------------- 4
What’s New ---------------- 5
What is It ---------------- 7
What’s More ---------------- 18
What I Have Learned ---------------- 19
What I Can Do ---------------- 20
Assessment ---------------- 22
Additional Activities ---------------- 24
Answer Key ---------------- 27
References ---------------- 28
 What I Need to Know

Welcome to the 3rd lesson in Technical Drafting course. This module was
intended to help you familiarize about hand tools and equipment in technical drafting.
This is also designed to guide you on how to use technical drafting tools and
equipment properly. You are not alone in this journey because the activities are
guided for you to answer at your own pace! I know with your perseverance in
answering the prepared activities is a key for your success in this course.
The lesson is divided into two subtopics, namely:
 Subtopic 1 – Hand tools in Technical Drafting.
 Subtopic 2 – Equipment in Technical Drafting.

After going through this module, you are expected to prepare hand tools and
equipment in technical drafting . Specifically you are aimed to:
1. list hand tools and equipment based on job requirement;
2. identify appropriate hand tools and equipment;
3. classify hand tools and equipment according to function and task requirement;
4. use hand tools and equipment in Technical Drafting.

1
 What I Know

Let us determine how much you already know about the tools and equipment
in Technical Drafting.
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in TLE-
Technical Drafting Activity TLE notebook.
1. A drafting tool used for drawing horizontal lines
a. Compass c. T-square
b. Triangle d. Triangular Scales
2. The main function of this tool is to produce the measurements of an object in a
reduced or enlarged size.
a. compass c. Triangle
b. Protractor d. Triangular Scales
3. This drafting tool is used to protect the rest of the drawing when removing
unnecessary lines.
a. Erasing Shield c. Masking Tape
b. Eraser d. Pencil Sharpener
4. This drafting tool is used when drawing vertical lines.
a. Compass c. Triangle
b. Ruler d. Triangular Scales
5. The drafting material used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table.
a. Compass c. Drafting Tape
b. Divider d. Triangle
6. Type of pencils with extreme accuracy is required.
a. Divider c. Hard pencils
b. Protractor d. Medium pencils
7. Type of pencils used for general purpose in drawing.
a. Divider c. Medium pencils
b. Hard pencils d. Protractor

2
8. Best tool when measuring arcs, angles and circles.
a. Compass c. Protractor
b. Divider d. Triangle
9. This is a tool used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to
some regular proportion.
a. Divider c. Triangle
b. Protractor d. Triangular Scale
10. It is consist of templates, which are excellent tools for drawing irregular curved
lines that are not part of a circle or ellipse.
a. Divider c. Protractor
b. French curved d. Triangle

3
 Lesson Use of Tools and Equipment
(UT)
3 LO1. Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical
Drafting.

Greetings my dear students! Welcome to the topic on the use of tools and
equipment. Following is a detailed discussion on the tools and equipment use in
Technical Drafting. This topic is a must for a beginner like you to help familiarize and
use tools and equipment properly to become competent in Technical Drafting.

After going through this module, you are expected to prepare hand tools and
equipment in Technical Drafting. Specifically you are aimed to:
1. list hand tools and equipment based on job requirement;
2. identify appropriate hand tools and equipment;
3. classify hand tools and equipment according to function and task requirement;
4. use hand tools and equipment in Technical Drafting.

What’s In

Last topic, you have learned how to become a successful entrepreneur in a

certain business. One should always consider the environment and market to help
the new entrepreneur explore in the business venture. These includes the needs and
wants of the people in a certain area, the raw materials and skills available and the
kind of living they have. Now, take a closer look on the diagram below and answer
the following questions in mind. How does this wonderful draft became so
understandable? What are the tools and equipment being used that makes it so
accurate?

4
 In a technical drafting career producing quality products calls in using the right
tools and equipment. Engineers, architects and draftsman use the right tools and
equipment in technical drafting to create master plans or blueprints as working
guides to complete projects. To draw clean and understandable pictures and
instructions, aspiring drafter like you need to use appropriate tools and equipment for
the quality output.

What’s New

Related Information:

Terms Definitions

- These are the precise tools used in

preparing mechanical drawings. These are the
devices that aid the draftsman in developing
Instruments skills and speed in preparing designs of
industrial products for the purpose of
developing construction, building or
manufacturing.
- These are the materials used in drawing,
Equipment where drawings and designs are printed, or
those that become a part of the design.
- a device, especially one held in hand, used to
Tools
carry out a particular function.

5
Activity 1: Guess Me
Directions: Guess the following scrambled letters to create a word which relates to
tools and equipment in Technical Drafting. What can help you in guessing is the
picture provided in each scrambled letters. Write the letter of the correct answer in
your TLE - Technical Drafting Activity notebook.

ANSWER :______________________ ANSWER :_____________________

ANSWER :_____________________ ANSWER :____________________

Now that you have background knowledge about tools and equipment in
technical drafting let us learn more on the next page!

6
 What is It

In the design process drawings are the main way in which information about
an object or product is passed from one individual to another. Even if people do not
speak the same language anyone who understands the “language of drawings” will
be able to interpret the information on the drawings. In this way, familiarization and
proper use of tools and equipment in drafting should take into consideration. To learn
more, take a look on the following comical strip below.

Drafting Tools and Equipment Narrative

Yes I am very excited to
learn more of them! What
are we waiting for? Let's
Hello drafting buddies! I
read this!! know you are very excited
to classify and identify the
tools and equipment use in
drafting.

It is a three-sided ruler, which

typically has two equal sides
meeting at a 90 degree angles
and to a third side at 45,30,
including 60 degree angles. It
is usually made of plastic and
comes in different sizes. If in
use, the base of the triangle
must rest on the blade of the T
square.

TRIANGLE

7
 It is an inverted V-shaped
instrument that is used in
drawing arcs and circles. It is
use in a similar way to a
divider. This drawing
instrument can be used for
both pencilling and inking.
COMPASS
This is used when
transferring measurements,
dividing lines and arcs into
the desired number of equal
parts. It can easily transfer
accurate measurements by
adjusting the divider points.

DIVIDER
It is a semi-circular
instrument divided into 180
equal parts, each of which is
called a degree. It is used to
determine the graduations of
the degrees when measuring
arcs, angles and circles.

PROTRACTOR
R This is a tool used when
reproducing a drawing in an
enlarged or reduced form to
some regular proportion. Its
main function is to reproduce
the measurements of an
object in full size, reduced
size, and enlarged size.

SCALE

This tool is made up of metal

with irregular holes. It is a
useful tool to protect the rest of
the drawing when clearing up
smudges, unnecessary pencil
lines and other erasures.
ERASER SHIELD

8
 It is a drawing instrument
used when making
horizontal lines. It is also
used for guiding triangles
when drawing vertical lines.
T-SQUARE It is made of wood, plastic
or the combination of both.

Pencils should be
sharpened whenever they
show sign of dullness.
Various types and designs
are available in the store
for use.

PENCIL SHARPENER

It is to remove
unwanted lines or
sketches in a
drawing.

ERASER

It is used to project lines or

sketch drawings.
Hard pencils are used
where extreme accuracy is
required specially working
on graphs, diagrams and
charts.
Medium pencils are used
for general purpose work in
drawing.
Soft pencils are too soft to
DRAWING PENCIL be used in mechanical
drafting. They are very
useful for art work of
various kinds.

9
 The template has different shapes,
holes and designs. The shape
serves as a pattern in projecting
accurate drawing of circles and
other shapes or drawing.
TEMPLATE

It is consist of templates,
which are excellent tools for
drawing irregular curved lines
that are not part of a circle or
ellipse.
FRENCH CURVE

It is used to fasten the

paper on the drawing
board.

DRAFTING TAPE

It is made of dry wood

with a smooth surface
and corners at right
DRAWING BOARD angles. It is large flat
wood where the paper is
fastened with drafting
tape.

10
 It is attached by cleats and
pulleys to a particular
drawing surface. It allows
the drafter to draw long
horizontal lines and is also
serves as a base for the
placement of triangles and
PARALLEL BAR other instruments for a
precise drawing.

Hard and soft surface drawing

papers are highly
recommended to be used. This
type does not groove easily
when pressure is applied to the
pencil. Oslo paper is
commonly used but bond
paper is also recommended.

DRAWING PAPER

11
Activity 2 : Name Me
Directions: Choose from the list of drafting tools and equipment in the box. Write
the name of tools and equipment on your activity notebook.
Parallel Bar Compass Protractor

Divider T-square Drawing Pencil

Triangle Drawing Board Eraser

French Curve Scale Pencil Sharpener

Erasing Shield Drafting Tape Templates

Drawing paper

1. _____________ 2. ________________ 3. _______________

4. ___________ 5. _________________ 6. _______________

7. ____________ 8. _________________ 9. ________________

10. _____________ 11. ________________ 12.__________________

12
13._____________ 14._______________ 15._______________

16.____________

Congratulations! Now that you already familiar on the various hand tools and
equipment in drafting let us examine on how it functions. Meet Siri and Alexa. They
will help us discuss on how the following tools and equipment function.

Below is a simple activity for you to

work on. Practice the task following
the given procedure.

13
Drawing Boards
The left edge and right edge of a drawing
board has a true straight edge.
For right-handed people, the left-hand
edge of the board is called the working
edge because the T-square head slides
against it.
For left-handed people, the right-hand
edge of the board is called the working
edge because the T-square head slides
against it.
T-Squares
The T-square is made of a long strip called
the blade, fastened at right angles to a
shorter piece called the head.

A. Proper Manipulation of the T-Square

Instrument: T-Square
Equipment: Drawing Table/Drawing Board.
Procedure :
1. Place the head of the T-square against
the edge of the drawing table. (Left side
of the table if you are right handed and
the right side of the table if you are left
handed.)
2. Side the working head of the T-square
against the working edge of the drawing
table. The two edges should be in
constant contact until the desired
Note : Do not use the t-square on an
position. uneven or rough surface and never cut
paper along its working edge.

14
 Note: Do not use the T-square on an
uneven or rough surface and never
cut paper along its working edge.

B. Setting up Drawing Paper on the

Drawing Table
Materials : Drawing paper
Drafting tape
Instrument :T-Square
Equipment : Drawing Table
Procedure :
1. Press firmly the T-square against the
working edge of the drawing table.
2. Place the drawing paper close to the
working edge of the drawing table and
Note: Always fasten larger backing
working head of the T-square depending sheet of thicker drawing paper on the
board first.
on you if you are right or left-handed
while the paper is placed on top edge of
the T-square.
3. Fasten the upper left portion of the
drawing paper followed by the lower right
portion and finally the remaining corners.

HARD MEDIUM SOFT

9H 8H 7H 3H 2H H 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B
6H 5H 4H HB B 7B
Hard leads Medium Soft leads are used
are used leads are for various kinds of
where used for art work. These
Drawing Pencils extreme general leads are too soft to
High-quality drawing pencils accuracy is purpose line be useful in
should be used in technical required. work in mechanical drafting.
Generally technical
drawing, never ordinary writing
these leads drawing.
pencils. are used for
Choose a mechanical pencil that construction
feels comfortable in your hand. lines.

15
 Drawing a Horizontal Line
Materials : Drawing paper
Drafting tape
Instrument: T-square
Triangles (30 deg.x60 deg. and 45
deg.x45 deg.)
Equipment: Drawing Table
Procedure :
1. Press the head of the T-square
against the working edge of the
drawing table and lean the pencil to
the desired direction of the line
inclined at more or less 60 degrees
with the drawing table.
2. Maintain the position of the pencil
while you glide lightly on the blade Note : Reverse the step if you
of the T-square. are left-handed.
3. Draw the line from left to right
rotating occasionally to produce
uniform line weights.

Drawing a Vertical Line

Materials:
Drawing paper, Drafting tape
Instrument :
T-square, Triangles (30 deg.x60 deg. and 45 deg.x45 deg.)
Equipment :
Drawing Table
Procedure :
1. Use 45 degrees triangle or 30 degrees x 60 degrees to
draw vertical lines.
2. Place the triangle on top of the blade of the T-square with
the vertical edge on the left.
3.With the left hand pressing the T-square and the triangle
against the drawing board, draw the line upward, rotating
the pencil slowly between the thumb and forefinger.

16
Using a Compass
1. Set off the required radius on one of the center
lines.
2. Place the needle point at the exact intersection
of the center lines.
3. Adjust the compass to the required radius.
4. Lean the compass in the direction that you are
going to draw the circle. Draw the circle in a
clockwise direction while rotating the handle
between the thumb and forefinger.

17
 What’s More

Activity 4: Crossword Puzzle

Directions : There are twelve (12) different drafting materials and tools and drawing
instruments that can be found in the puzzle. Identify them by writing the words in
your TLE – Technical Drafting Activity Notebook.

Drafting tools and equipment :

1._____________ 7. _______________
2._____________ 8._______________
3._____________ 9. _______________
4._____________ 10. ______________
5._____________ 11.______________
6._____________ 12.______________

18
 What I Have Learned

There are variety of hand tools and equipment use in drafting that guides
architects, engineers and draftsmen in making master plans or blueprints to
complete the project.
These are the following:
 Triangle - is a three-sided ruler, which typically has two equal sides meeting at
a 90 degree angles and to a third side at 45,30, including 60 degree angles. If
in use, the base of the triangle must rest on the blade of the T square.
 Compass -is an inverted V-shaped instrument that is used in drawing arcs
and circles. It is use in a similar way to a divider.
 Divider - is used when transferring measurements, dividing lines and arcs into
the desired number of equal parts. It can easily transfer accurate
measurements by adjusting the divider points.
 Protractor - is used to determine graduations of the degrees when measuring
arcs, angles and circles.
 Scale –is to reproduce the measurements of an object in full size, reduced
size, and enlarged size as its main function.
 Erasing Shield - is a useful tool to protect the rest of the drawing when
clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil lines and other erasures.
 T-square - is a drawing instrument used when making horizontal lines. It is
also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical lines.
 Drawing Pencil - is used to project lines or sketch drawings.
Hard pencils are used where extreme accuracy is required specially working
on graphs, diagrams and charts.
Medium pencils are used for general purpose work in drawing.
Soft pencils are too soft to be used in mechanical drafting. They are very
useful for art work of various kinds.
 Templates - serves as a pattern in projecting accurate drawing of circles and
other shapes or drawing.

19
  French curve - is consist of templates, which are excellent tools for drawing
irregular curved lines that are not part of a circle or ellipse.
 Drafting tape - is used to fasten the paper on the drawing board.
 Drawing board - is made of dry wood with a smooth surface and corners at
right angles. It is large flat wood where the paper is fastened with drafting
tape.
 Parallel board - allows the drafter to draw long horizontal lines and is also
serves as a base for the placement of triangles and other instruments for a
precise drawing.
 Drawing Paper -Hard and soft surface drawing papers are highly
recommended to be used. This type does not groove easily when pressure is
applied to the pencil. Oslo paper is commonly used but bond paper is also
recommended.

What I Can Do

Activity 5: Drawing Time

Directions: Make a drawing. Identify what are the hand tools and equipment you are
using to make your drafting successful. Beside your listed tools and equipment write
the function of each. Use a long bond paper.

Activity 6: Let's do it
Directions: Using your pencil, draw horizontal, vertical and incline line in a long
bond paper. Observe the proper use of t-square and triangle in this exercise
following the procedures above. Below is the sample output as your guide. Follow
the performance rubrics given below to assess you in doing the activity.

20
Performance Rubrics

CRITERIA 5 POINTS 3 POINTS 1 POINTS

The presentation The presentation was Minimal elements
was clearly clearly perceived are followed.
ACCURACY perceived and somehow apply the
apply the necessary elements.
necessary
elements.
Procedures were At least 2 procedures More than three
APPLICATION appropriately were used lines were used
done. inappropriately. inappropriately.

Finished output Erasures/smudges Finished output has

NEATNESS was neatly done, are observable on the so many
no erasures/ finished output. erasures/smudges.
smudges.

Finished the task Finished the task on Unable to finished

TIME 10 minutes before time. the task lacking
MANAGEMENT the given time. word/s given task.

Rating Scale:

Points Earned Numerical Rating Descriptive Rating

16-20 91-100 Very Good
11-15 86-90 Good
6-10 81-85 Fair
1-5 75-80 Needs Improvement

21
 Assessment

A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers on your TLE –
Technical Drafting Activity Notebook.

1. This tool projects the irregular shape of curves in a drawing.

a. Divider c. Template
b. French curve d. T-Square
2. It is made of dry wood with a smooth surface and corner sat right angles. It is
where paper is fastened with drafting tape.
a. Table c. Parallel Board
b. Drawing Board d. Drawing Paper
3. It is a three-sided instrument used with a T-square , used in creating lines from a
horizontal base.
A. French curve C. Triangle
B. Scale D. T- Square
4. The main function of this tool is to produce the measurements of an object in a
reduced or enlarged size.
a. Scale c. T-Square
b. Template d. Triangle
5. This drafting tool is used to protect the rest of the drawing when removing
unnecessary lines.
a. Eraser Shield c. Template
b. Eraser d. Pencil
6. A drafting tool used for drawing horizontal lines.
a. Compass c. T-square
b. Triangle d. Triangular Scale
7. The drafting material used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table.
a. Compass c. Masking Tape
b. Divider d. Triangle

22
8. It is a semi-circular instrument divided into 180 equal parts, each of which is called
a degree.
a. Tee-square c. Compass
b. Divider d. Protractor
9. This is drawing instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing lines
and arcs into the desired number of equal parts.
a. Compass c. Protractor
b. Divider d. Pencil
10. This drawing instrument is used when drawing arcs and circles.
a. Ruler c. Compass
b. Divider d. both a & b

B. Identification
Directions: Identify the following drawing materials. Write your answers on your TLE
– Technical Drafting Activity Notebook.

11-15. What is this drafting tool?

11. _________________ 12. _________________ 13. _________________

14. _________________ 15. _________________

23
 Additional Activities

Activity 6 : Pictionary
Directions: Shown below are different pictures of hand tools and equipment in
technical drafting. Write your answers on the TLE – Technical Drafting Activity
Notebook.
PICTURES NAME AND FUNCTION
1. Drawing paper - are hard and soft
surface drawing papers and highly
recommended to be used. This type
does not groove easily when
pressure is applied to the pencil.
Oslo paper is commonly used but
bond paper is also recommended.

2.

3.

4.

24
5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10

25
11

12

13

14

15

16

26
Answer Key

27
 References

"Drafting tools and equipment," 383x287 pixels,

terereremestidio, "Drafting Tools and Equipment", LinkedIn Corporation", c
2020,
https://www.slideshare.net/terereremestidio/drafting-tools-and- equipment
Clipart Panda, "Blueprint Clipart:107 blueprint clip art images", 150x150 pixels, ©2017
ClipartPanda.com,
http://www.clipartpanda.com/clipart_images/107-blueprint-clip-art-images-
17081129
Elly van Gulik Hijkoop, "Cliparts Activiteiten Tekenen", C 2005, 258 X 264 pixels
https://www.animaatjes.nl/cliparts/tekenen/cliparts-activiteiten-tekenen- 124214
Giesecke, Mitchell and Spencer, "Technical Drawing," The Macmillan Company:
1999 French and Vierck.Engineering Drawing 10th edition MacGraw, HillBook
Company, 1960,
German M. Manaois, "Competency Based Learning Material, Drafting Technology,"
1977,
http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/image
Gograph,"Vector of architect with drafting tools", 254x470 pixels,
https://www.gograph.com/clipart/vector-of-architect-with-drafting-tools-
gg66568694.html
Jm solomon,"Draftsman", Feb.11 2017, 134x134 pixels
https://twitter.com/jmsolomon1091?lang=de
"Png Construction Jobs", 512x512 pixels,
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph

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