Hemiascomytidae

Group 3:

Aisa Aulia Nur Aini (180210103003)

Annisa Alfath (180210103031)

Kresna Wahyu Arie Pradhana

(180210103090)

Indah Muflihatul Barizah (180210103118)

01. General Characteristic, Morphology or Special
Characters

02. Hemiascomytidae Members

03. Reproduction

04. Benefit and Role

 Subclass
Hemiascomytidae

1. The Hemiascomycetidae are

morphologically simple from
Ascomycetes.
2. The name Hemiascomycetidae or
Protoascomycetidae is applied to this
subclass because of a rather general belief
that they are primitive.
General Characteristic, Morphology or Special Characters

1. Unicelluler and Multicellular ( Ascomycetes)

2. Septae hypha
3. The composition of the cell wall which chitin
4. Hemiascomycetidae are fungi that form asci directly
from zygotes or single cells, without hyphae or
ascocarps.
5. Reroduction sexual (Ascospora), asexual (konidiaspora)
6. ( Morphology ) Key words No ascogenous hyphae
formed.
7. Asci thin walled
8. Produced free without an ascocarp.
 Spesific will get from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae :

1. The cells are spherical, ovoid extending about 6-8 x 5-6

mm), produce a psedomiselium. The colony growth of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a buttery texture and is
light brown in color.
2. smooth, sometimes flat, or raised surface.
3. As a organism model
4. The polarity of wall synthesis in S. cerevisiae is
controlled by plasma enzymes.
5. This yeast lives on pH 3-6 conditions with a maximum
temperature of 40-50 ° C and a minimum of 0 ° C.
6. Saccharomyces cerevicae is mostly used to produce
bioethanol.
Order Protomycetales
 Reproduction

Reproduction possessed by this order in which the four

Spores that form following each meiotic division are probably
Likened to a wallless asci and a large number of "asci" in the
spore sacs wake up the lattera sinascus. After liberation, the
spores can reproduce by germinating, or they can conjugate in
pairs, with one member of each pair continuing to germinate.
Role in Environment
Is an obligate parasite of plants belonging to apiaceae,
asteraceae and cichoriaceae. The mycelium attacks host
tissue intercellularly and is concentrated mainly around
the vascular bundles. They are altered morphologically,
and hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the infected tissue
results in the formation of galls or distinct swelling on
the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and other airborne parts
of the plant.
Ordo Endomycetales
 It consists of a group of lesser known fungal parasites in vascular plants.
The main characteristic of this fungus is the spore sacs arranged by some
researchers to represent the compound ascus (synascus) which arises
fromSomatic structure: few species are unicellular throughout their life
cycle except asci. Some produce successive shoots that remain joined over
a period of time to form a pseudomycelium. In other species, septate
hyphae are produced which contain asci at the ends of the branches.

 Asexual reproduction. Fission, budding, and formation of arthrospores

 Sexual reproduction. occurs with the fusion of two single cells (sometimes
ascospores), two differentiated gametangia, or two somatic hyphae cells
the thick-walled resting cells normally formed by the mycelium.
 Family Ascoideaceae

● Characteristics: internally reproducing

multispora asci, cap-shaped ascospores;
blastosporic conidia; and thick-walled
chlamydospores. No gametangia is
produced
● reproduction: sexual Kariogamy occurs
either through the fusion of two hyphal
nuclei
● examples of species: Ascoidea iisiiitica
and Ascoidea ruhescens

Proliferating asci
 Family Dipopodaceae
● Characteristic: filamentous
thalus
● Asexual reproduction:
multinucleate and septate
mycelium produce two
adjoining multinucleate
gametangia
● Examples of species:
dipodascopsis uninucleatus and
dipodascus albidus
● Role: can be associated with
insects and plants
Life cycle Dipodascopsis uninucleatus
 Family Endomicetaceae

● Character: The mycelium

consists of well-developed
distinctive hyphae, the septa
have simple, insulating central
pores,
● Reproduction: Asexual
reproduction is via arthrospores
or blastospores
● example species: Eremascus
fertilis

Life cycle Eremascus fertilis

 Family Saccharomycetaceae
● Character: mostly unicellular
thallus, nucleus surrounded by
cytoplasm, large vacuole
● reproduction: asexually by
forming shoots
● sexual reproduction: fusion
occurs between two somatic
cells or between two
ascospores which then form
zygote cells.
● example species:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
● role: carbohydrate fermentation Life cycle Saccharomyces cerevisiae
 Family Cephaloascaceae

● Characteristics: The mycelium grows well on malt extract

medium with mineral salts, consisting of septate, uninucleate,
branching hyphae.
● Reproduction: Asexual. Septate uninucleate conidiophores
are formed from mycelial cells. Sexual. A nuclear division
occurs in a hyphal cell that then produces a branch.
● Examples of species: Cephaloascus fragrans.
 Family Spermophthoraceae
● Characteristic: The coenocytic mycelium produces spindle-
shaped swellings in which numerous spindle-shaped cells
are formed by what is thought to be free cell formation.
● Reproduction: When released from the sacs, the cells may
either germinate to form a coenocytic mycelium, thus
repeating the life cycle asexually, or, when two are in contact,
they may produce conjugation tubes in which their nuclei
fuse.
● Examples of species: Nematospora coryli, Spermophthora
gossypii, and Eremothecium ashbyi.
 Role
The Spermophthoraceae are all plant parasites.

Spermophthora, Eremothecium, Ashbya, and Nematospora

are parasitic on cotton and sometimes cause great
destruction of the crop, particularly in the West Indies and
in Africa.
Nematospora coryli has also been reported to destroy
hazelnuts in Italy.

Eremothecium and Ashbya are very important in the

commercial production of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and are
the basis of that very important industry.
Ordo Taphrinales
 Characteristic: The mycelium of Taphrina is composed of septate
hyphae, consisting of typically binucleate cells, although Syrop
suggested that the hyphae of Taphrina deformans are multinucleate
with the nuclei often occurring in pairs.
 Reproduction: Asexual. Is by small, ovoid or spherical, uninucleate,
haploid, yeast-like blastospores that bud directly from the
ascospores while the latter are still within the ascus, or after they
have been released. Sexual. Taphrinales produce no sex organs
whatever.
 Examples of species: Taphrina deformans, Taphrina pruni, Taphrina
cerasi, and Taphrina coerulescens.
 ROLE

1.
Taphrina deformans, the
cause of peach and almond
leaf curl, is the best-known
species in this order.
2.
Some other economically important
species are Taphrina pruni, which causes
plum pockets; Taphrina cerasi, which
causes witches broom of cherries; and
Taphrina coerule scens, which causes a
curling and puckering of oak leaves.
 THANKS!
Do you have any questions?

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo,

including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik

Please keep this slide for attribution