Tenses

pengertian
Menurut Cambridge Dictionary “Any of the
forms of a verb which show the time at which
an action happened (bentuk kata kerja yang
menunjukkan waktu terjadinya suatu
perbuatan/peristiwa)”.
 Example
-I sang yesterday (Past Tense)
Lampau
-I sing every day (Present Tense)
Sekarang
-I will sing tomorrow (Future Tense)
Masa Depan
Penamaan Tenses
Ada 3 jenis waktu, antara lain:
1. Masa Lampau (Past Tense)
2. Masa Sekarang (Present Tense)
3 Masa Depan (Future Tense)
 Ketiga tense ini masing-masing memiliki 4 Aspect, yaitu:
-Tingkat kesempurnaan peristiwa atau perbuatan
1. Simple - Bersifat Umum (General)
2. Continuous - Bersifat Khusus (Specific)
3. Perfect - Penekanan Hasil ( Result)
4. Perfect Continuous - Penekanan Durasi (Duration)
 Pola Tenses
Pola tenses dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu:
1. Verbal
Memakai kata kerja (verb) pola dasarnya adalah Subject + Verb +
Object
Ex : I Speak English every day.
2. Nominal
Memakai be pola dasarnya Subject + BE + Non-Verb (P.A.P.A.N)
P.A.P.A.N
· Prepositional phrase
· Adverb
· Pronoun
· Adjective
· Noun
ex: I Am at home on Sundays
Penggunaan Tense-Verbal

Present I teach English every day

I am teaching English now
I have taught English
I have been teaching English for an hour
 Past I taught English yesterday
I was teaching English at seven o’clock last night
I had tought English when you arrived
I had been teaching English for an hour when you arrived

Future I will teach English tomorrow

I will be teaching English when you come
I will have taught English by the time you see me
I will have been teaching English for an hour by the time you get home
 Penggunaan Tenses-
Nominal
Present I am at home on Sundays
I am at home now
I have been at home
I have been at home for an hour
Past I was at home yesterday
I was at home at nine o’clock last night
I had been at home when you arrived
I had been at home for an hour when you arrived

Future I will be at home tomorrow

I will be at home when you come
I will have been at home by the time you see me
I will have been at home for an hour by the time you get home
 CATATAN TENSES
1. Beberapa kata kerja biasanya tidak digunakan
dalam bentuk continuous:
Contoh: believe, like, hate, prefer, want, depend, know,
remember, forget, mean, need, understand.
Contoh Kalimat: Excuse me, what does this mean?
Excuse me. What is this meaning?
 2. Beberapa kata kerja bisa digunakan dalam bentuk continuous
atau non-continuous dengan perbedaan makna:
Contoh:
oI have a car (memiliki)
oI’m having a good time (mengalami = experience)
Kata lain seperti “have” => look, appear, think, feel, see, taste, smell,
love.
3. Simple present dan present continuous dapat digunakan untuk aktivitas atau peristiwa
yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan dating (future), tetapi dengan catatan:
oSimple present => Future scheduled events (peristiwa yang sudah terjadwal)
Contoh Kalimat:
My class starts at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
oPresent Continuous => Future plans or arrangements.
(rencana di masa yang akan dating)
Contoh Kalimat:
I’m having lunch with my friends tomorrow.
 4. Kata “being” dapat digunakan Bersama
adjective (kata sifat) untuk menunjukkan
temporary behavior (kelakuan sementara).
Polanya: am/is/are + being + adjective
Contoh:
Alam is having an exam, but he doesn’t want to
study. He is being lazy.
(alam akan mengikuti ujian, tetapi dia tidak
mau belajar. Dia sedang malas)
 5. Bila kalimat yang menggunakan “when”
sama-sama dalam simple past, maka
perstiwa/aktivitas dalam “klausa when” (kalimat
yang diawali “when”) terjadi lebih dulu.
Contoh kalimat:
Fifa stood under a tree when it began to train.
Urutan peristiwa:
1.The rain began (hujan turun)
2.Fifa stood under a tree (Fifa berdiri di bawah
pohon)
 6. Secara umum perbedaan antara Future Tense dan Past Future
Tense hanya pada:
1. Will (future tense)
Would (past future tense)
2. Akan terjadi (masa depan)
Akan terjadi (masa lalu)

Contoh Kalimat:
·I will meet her tomorrow (saya akan menemuinya besok). => Future Tense
·I would meet her yesterday, but I changed my mind. => Past Future Tense
(tadinya saya akan menemuinya kemarin, tapi saya berubah pikiran).
THANK
YOU!