KAMENGO SPECIALIZES IN THE STORAGE AND FEED

OF DIFFICULT FLOWING BULK MATERIALS

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Fibrous: Fine/Abrasive:
Hog fuel Dry fly ash
Wet corn fiber Grain screenings
Poultry litter fuel Sawdust
Processed pulp Potash
Wood chips Dry milled corn
Phosphate rock
Cohesive:
Wet bottom and fly ash Pellets:
Recycle gypsum Canola
FGD gypsum
Coal
Smelt

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15 years of research:

Why Do Bins Plug?

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 Why Do Bins Plug?
1. Poor bin geometry
2. Compaction of the stored material by the
discharge feeder
3. Uneven discharge from the discharge outlet of
the bin

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Outcome #1: Science has
a lot to say about what will work 5
Material Flow Properties:
What do they tell you?

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Outcome #2:
The Feeder is the big culprit 7
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Features of the KAMENGO Feeder

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 Mass Flow and Funnel Flow

Bin Outlet MUST Exceed α First-in, Last-out

Piping Dimension

Bin Outlet MUST Exceed β First-in, First-out

Bridging Dimension

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 Mass Flow Vs Funnel Flow
Funnel Flow Mass Flow
Advantages: Advantages:
 Lower Bin Height  First-in, First-out
 Lower Bin Wall Pressures  Required geometry is reasonable
 Little abrasion on bin walls
Disadvantages:
Disadvantages:  Requires a higher bin for same
 First-in, Last-out storage volume
 Susceptible to rat-holing and build-  Higher bin wall pressures
up of stagnant material = more stiffening
 Must be completely emptied  Abrasion on bin walls
 Required geometry can be = thicker walls
unreasonable

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 Case Study #1:
Retrofit of Hog Fuel Day Bin

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Good Bin and Feeder Design

Determine material flow properties

Select bin geometry that will self-

empty under gravity

Choose feeder that will withdraw material

evenly without putting energy into the
material

Size feeder to deliver required capacity and

handle range of likely materials

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Hog Fuel Day Bin Storage and Feed Retrofit
(2000)
Port Townsend, Washington State

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Hog Fuel Day Bin Storage and Feed Retrofit
(2000)
Port Townsend, Washington State

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Hog Fuel Day Bin Storage and Feed Retrofit
(2000)
Port Townsend, Washington State

Before Retrofit
• 24’ diam,
6,000 cu-ft silo
• 60-deg cone
• Vibratory feeder

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Hog Fuel Day Bin Storage and Feed Retrofit
(2000)
Port Townsend, Washington State

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 Case Study #2:
Retrofit of Hog Fuel Boiler Feed

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Why Do Bins Plug?
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Hog Fuel Boiler Storage and Feed Retrofit (2015)
Port Angeles, Washington, USA

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Hog Fuel Boiler Storage and Feed Retrofit (2015)
Port Angeles, Washington, USA

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Hog Fuel Boiler Storage and Feed Retrofit (2015)
Port Angeles, Washington, USA

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Hog Fuel Boiler Storage and Feed Retrofit (2015)
Port Angeles, Washington, USA

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 Case Study #3:
Retrofit of Hog Fuel Pile Reclaim Feeder

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Hog Fuel Pile Reclaim (2004)
Kamloops, British Columbia

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Hog Fuel Pile Reclaim (2004)
Kamloops, British Columbia

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Hog Fuel Pile Reclaim (2004)
Kamloops, British Columbia

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Hog Fuel Pile Reclaim (2004)
Kamloops, British Columbia

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 Ask tough questions
 Why have you chosen this bin shape? Why is it appropriate for my
material and my application?
 What is the bin wall material? Why have you chosen that material?
 What is the angle of the bin wall? Are you delivering mass flow (first-
in, first-out) or are you giving me funnel flow (first-in, last-out)? How
do you know?
 Is my bin properly stiffened?
 What is the opening of the bin and does it exceed the bridging
dimension of my material? Does it exceed the piping dimension? By
how much? Is the feeder pulling material from the full opening, or
just part of the opening?

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KAMENGO SPECIALIZES IN THE STORAGE AND FEED
OF DIFFICULT FLOWING BULK MATERIALS

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