PART 1: TENSES

TENSES USES EXAMPLES

- a habit / a repeated action ( Adverbs of - Tom often gets up at 8.
frequency: always, often, sometimes, never, - She comes from England.
PRESENT SIMPLE
frequently …) - The train leaves at 6 tomorrow.
S + V (+s / es)
- a fact / truth
- timetable (with a future meaning)
- an activity happening at the moment of - We are learning English now.
speaking.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE - an activity happening around now. - I am reading a good book these days.
S + am / is / are + V- ing - a future arrangement - Tom is coming here next Friday.
- a complaint (when used with “always”, all the - You are always teasing me.
time. )
- an action that happened some time before - I’ve been to Hanoi three times.
PRESENT PERFECT now (with no definite time) as an experience.
S + have / has + V-ed,3 - an action that began in the past and - We’ve lived in Danang since 1960/ for 10
continues to the present. years.
- an action that began in the past and - It has been raining for two hours.
PRESENT PERFECT
continues to the present. - We’ve been living in Danang since 1960.
PROGRESSIVE
- A present result of an activity that has just - You’re out of breath. Have you been
S + have / has been + V-ing
stopped. running?
- a completed action at a definite time in the - We played football yesterday.
PAST SIMPLE
past. - When the clock struck 6, I woke up and
S + V-ed
- telling a story. heard the sound of the rain.
- an action that was happening at a particular - I was watching TV at 8 last night.
time in the past. - I was watching TV when you called last
PAST PROGRESSIVE - an action that was happening when another night.
S + was / were + V-ing action happened. - While we were watching TV, my father
- Two or more actions happening at the same was repairing things around the house.
rime.
PAST PERFECT - an action that happened before another Sue moved to New York after she had
S+ had + V-ed,3 action in the past. spent two years in Chicago.
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS - an action that happened over a period of time Tom had been studying for two hours
S+ had been + V-ing before another action in the past. before his friends came.
- Will: a future plan made at the moment of - A: It’s so hot here.
FUTURE SIMPLE speaking. B: Oh, I will open the window.
S + will + bare-infinitive - Be going to: a future plan made before the - A: What are you going to do this summer
S + be going to + bare inf. moment of speaking. vacation?
B: I’m going to Ha Long bay.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE - an action that is happening at a particular - At 8 o’clock tomorrow, I will be sitting in
S + will + be + V-ing time in the future. class.

FUTURE PERFECT - an action that will be completed before - I will have finished my homework by the
S + will + have + P.P. another time or event in the future. time I go out on a date tonight.

FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

- an action that will be happening before anther - I will have been sleeping for 2 hours by
S + will + have + been + V-ing
time or event in the future. the time he gets home.
 EXERCISES 24. I _______ a terrible accident while I _______ on the beach.
I. Choose A, B, C, or D that best completes each unfinished sentence. A. see / am walking B. saw / was walking
1. Tom ______ his hand when he was cooking the dinner. C.. was seeing / walked D. have seen / were walking
A. burnt B. was burning C. has burnt D. had burnt 25. We _______ touch since we _______ school three years ago.
2. We’re good friends. We ______ each other for a long time. A. lost / have left B. have lost / leave C. have lost / left D. were losing / had left
A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been knowing
3. Paul, Could you please turn off the stove? The potatoes______ for at least thirty minutes.
A. are boiling B. boiling C. have been boiling D. were boiling
4. By the time I ______ to bed tonight, I will have finished my work for the day.
A. go B. will go C. went D. had gone
5. They ______ a lot of preparations before the match started.
A. has made B. had made C. will be made D. are making

6. Mr. Gibbon usually drinks mineral water, but in this party he______ champagne.
A. drinks B. will drink C. has drunk D. is drinking
7. “How long have you been married?” - “We______ married for twenty years on our next wedding anniversary.”
A. will have been B. have been C. had been D. will be
8. About a year ago, he _____ elected president of a big company and he _____ a holiday since
then.
A. was/ doesn’t have B. was/ had C. was/ hadn’t had D. was/ hasn’t had
9. We missed the train. It ______ by the time we arrived at the station.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. have left
10. It's time we__________ this old car and bought a new one.
A. will sell B. have sold C. had sold D. sold
11. When he arrived, a crowd ______ for several hours to greet him.
A. had been waiting B. is waiting C. has been waiting D. was waiting
12. I ______ with my aunt when I go to Mexico next summer.
A. ‘ll have been stayingB. staying C. ‘ll be staying D. stay
13. When I see the doctor this afternoon, I______ him to look at my throat.
A. will ask B. ask C. would ask D. will have asked
14. By this time next summer, you _______ your studies.
A. completes B. will complete C. are completing D. will have completed
15. Right now, Jim _______ the newspaper and Kathy _______ dinner.
A. reads / has cooked B. is reading / is cooking
C. has read / was cooking D. read / will be cooking
16. Last night at this time, they _______ the same thing. She _______ and he ______the Newspaper.
A. are doing / is cooking / is reading B. were doing / was cooking / was reading
C. was doing / has cooked / is reading D. had done / was cooking /read
17. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candlelight dinner.
A. had arrived / discovered / prepared B. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing
C. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared D. arrived / discovered / was preparing
18. Every day I ______ up at 6 o'clock, ______ breakfast at 7 o'clock and ______ for work at 8 o'clock
A. get / eat / leave B. have got / eating / leaving
C. got / ate / left D. will get / have eaten / left
19. Yesterday, I _______ for work late because I _______ to set my alarm.
A. had left / forgot B. was leaving / was forgetting
C. left / had forgotten D. had been leaving / would forget
20. By the time we _______ to the train station, Susan _______ for us for more than two hours.
A. will get / has been waiting B. got / was waiting
C. got / had been waiting D. get / will wait
21. _______ Tom Cruise's last movie? Yes, I _______ it three days ago
A. Have you ever seen / saw B. Did you ever see / have seen
C. Had you ever seen / would see D. Will you ever see / saw
22. In the past, people _______ to the beach more often.
A. have gone B. used to go C. were going D. had gone
23. Soon, people _______ most of the time at home.
A. will work B. are working C. have worked D. work