MONOCHROME TV TRANSMITTER

PREPARED BY: ENGR. MARIBELLE B. MANALANSAN

 BASICS OF MONOCHROME TV TRANSMITTER
• Elementary area of picture is broken into “picture element”.
- There are almost infinite elements in any picture, so information of picture is very complex.
- Each elements has different level of brightness.
• Information is given as a function of two variables, space and time.
• Ideally, there is infinite elements of information in optical domain.
• Practically, conversion of optical elements into electrical form is done,
and its transmission is carried out element by element.
• Scanning of elements is done at a very fast rate and this process is
repeated a large number of times per second to create an illusion of
simultaneous pick up and transmission of picture details.
 Bandwidth of Monochrome
TV Transmitter for video
section is about 5 MHz

Video

LIGHT

Audio
SOUND

Bandwidth of Monochrome
TV Transmitter for video
section is about 20 kHz
PARAMETERS OF MONOCHROME TV TRANSMITTER

• It has a video information, in between black and white with the shades of
gray.
• It transmits on channels in the VHF and UHF.
• Picture and sound signals are modulated on RF carrier to reduce antenna
size.
BASICS OF MONOCHROME TV RECEIVER

• Data transmitted by monochrome TV transmitter antenna will be received by

monochrome TV receiver.
• In monochrome TV display will be black and white with shades of gray.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MONOCHROME TV RECEIVER
PARAMETERS OF MONOCHROME TV RECEIVER

• It has a video information, in between black and white with the shades of
gray.
• It receives on channels in the VHF and UHF.
• Picture and sound signals are demodulated from RF carrier received from
antenna.
BASICS OF MONOCHROME TV CAMERA

• Monochrome TV camera is used to record black and white video in the

shades of gray.
• Total of 625 horizontal lines are getting scanned 50 times in 1 second by this
camera to form a video.
DIAGRAM OF MONOCHROME TV CAMERA
BASICS OF GROSS STRUCTURE OF TV

• The frame adopted in all television structure is rectangular.

• Width to height ratio is referred to as aspect ratio.
• In most of the TV, aspect ratio is 4/3.
• Popular Aspect Ratios
• 9:16 Aspect Ratio
• 1:1 Aspect Ratio
• 16:9 Aspect Ratio
• 4:3 Aspect Ratio
• It is not necessary that the size of picture produced on the receiver screen be
same as that being televised but is essential that the aspect ratio of the two
be same, otherwise screen details will look too thin or wide.
STANDARDS OF GROSS STRUCTURE OF TV
• Basic standards for tv, with aspect ration of 4:3
• For HDTV, aspect ratio is chosen to be 16:9

For 1080p:
 With 4:3 standard, resolution will be 1440:1080
 With 16:9 standard, resolution will be 1920:1080
REASON TO SELECT HIGHER DIMENSIONS AT
WIDTH THAN HEIGHT
• In real world most motions happens in horizontal plan, rare motions happens in
vertical plane.
• Eyes can view with more ease and comfort when width of picture is more than
its height.