poll Kdvire 6 problem . Basic sungular coliilione im heslostohes NE brittreduchiory Slots Kduinis problem roughly. Nehon of oncewbald fool” imherently alin be condin usm mechamies— in porhedan bo Linear dachiily theory. Ceplain: freak—chore of singubaihio, vtelabim. of umdelying, apprroxisnalioe acumptione, me cone. loads ma faboralery. Maho atest oval adwtescereliot eanaileadst? iy fk uefa if made, meannoful (©) fumelamertal role, of such eingular eolidiona ve the theory of imbeguakin, apprepriak. be gear probe. Cremie funciine; ddlocdin theory. Cidiciye eeuse for hadiienal vagueness fpombguil, Beard. on fictitious maticnre of cone. loade.or om violet: lon of ecoumylion. of infiritowmol defermaticne-Shrten esomes of Kelvin'is own oppreacy to his problem vier Limik of a eequence of solutions comeponsling be sequnce- of Lody~ force fillele that "bend te given cone. Doad” We mow prousd te a precise Limit formulahin, of Kelvin's ppreb- Delinitcon 14 (Sequence of body foree fillde tmding bo a cone. Loact) Leb SEE amd £ be a vedow. LLIB} bea se- quence 7 batle 3 : ye fe] ce “ee p} (m=t,2;7) , Pw? as moo. We say that $2} da a eequence of body-force file on E tending to a conc, load 2 applic ab & Ps (a) SE CXE) Cmat,2,3)) yea (b) $= on E-B” (m=4,2,3,-9; () Lime {s" ave=L ; m-> co (A) the sequence EJIL IdV} tc Leundecl .— He Fe pea ea ay re a een ee a ae | pokiuDow Pes dt/m (mn4)2,1), Becoeeae of (b) ona may replace E im (c), le) by BDiscussora of condibion (dy « hile (a) 5(b),() ane nabinradl,(d) to as yeb mysheatous Ik would sum notural to nequie,inehoel of (dl), j m LE-E)AE WAV >Q ao marco (a). Nee (a), (b),(c), (ed) => (d’) since ice | Lo-mAEtpav/ < | Pmif lav O ao m>oo. E But (a) ,(b), (c), le) (dl), aa may be ee by choosing eet bee eager of ambab fille with anln & that Cp mets (@),) ance hinee (e) with £=2, a0 ewill ao (alt), © Bud violates (cl). Suche am {fF io easly condbuickel, Thus (eh) to 2 shonger nechichin thar (a). In viecs of (6) amel tc), Lf} cannot be fo. oundecl on E . Othearwiae FB K>0O Uhdepencent of x) 3 IP"I (aL) and thuc (dh) moy be emit YELM y a Umindiisdional”, Le. i Llo-efw , PCy20V UCE (meat2,--) ,lelad In thes caoe [av [fav Omet, 207) oy and wren when 242. Also, here tc) => je” 2 dV > L ao moo, so that {]f"av} E = (a bounchel.Thefere (dl) follows from ts). The imdéayoenoabl.. meal. fom (a) where if} a not vaca ta Be umi-duedional wif Become claow Bakrd ~ rrr : Pi Bere ae Ant bO | t t t Pera kT at tm =H; Conl=u4 | oe Bae fe td ees Pee | a | t fst pt fol rT Bett tats oa EE rt PLE 125) 3 op iat L(oR aaea eee EE CCCP CI alae PER EH Hee cre : coe fase. thi ip ai abe Tatas < — tt) ta) 5 CS re cohemde | | bn fe mee Leet) Cag tc)0 BEE ¢ | I t pie | 4 HH 1 Lt 9 | + i i Weta i iF a | 7 —> 00 | LT mp | | 1 c j I & a {rea ef Ter 44 1 | ‘ nee? EEE ebePesb oreos We tum mast to atherm thel oupphies a bimik-de., 0 ek ee nee otha eaters be eluent s pproklem.. Thnttd (Limit difinikion of the eokdlion bo Keluirale prob.) Lek SEE and tb £ be a veclow. Let £1" be a sequins of body-force fuldM Tending bo a concembralacl Load £ ot &. Suppoce L>0 ie <4fo. Thenet oo f= WEE 1E Edi, £5), ute) = oll) aa twiroo; (6) £4} comvanges bo a: ebate f= lw, 0,0°] on E- 18h, the comvengumes boeivig. uniform: on turry cbovecl bd suboeh of E-1E}, OC Site of Tac and 103, | d=le, 3, gl eb le, 7; EAE) and ~ in the ence of Thm.89— 4 & gmucked bydhe Payal evi ~Newkes shess- fundkone Pee Urey eee 7 $e) = a Sieg 2 YO 7 Secetecer BEE teh We cath ¢ the Kidvin shite corresponding to a concerihedl Load £ at $.(and Jo the dlashe cancbonta a Proof. Define Lp}, fy} on E ‘by ecling V XE, pansies yt wy m4 ft £M ay wD 9 Oe ali Tew) Oy Y= stem lee 2% Ee ) GU), Thm.8.@ , and (a), (b) of Def 44 > me cxe) VECIE), Gt et” a es & ) VEC), PSS VU Say oP EG Define w= glo Pee) A- oe] om E |. : Pon sjmod” Poplar Lage Fd oe (2),(3), Then.8.9, Tam..7, U1) > mow ge SIC ELM LSE), ute) = ot) 20 lefsooFurthev, Thre. 6.6 (unquenes thm. for shear nega neqions) asus thel (4) charatlage 2” uncquely, This tboblshes conclusion (a). Neb, Utd) > OC TCE-IBH) , YETNE-I5}), V%p =0, V°W=O on E+LEF (6 Heniw , by Ther.8.9, ib f ta tha ebate qeneraitec Ly py, f=lw, 2,01 CEU. E=£8}), (re Body a) Cheese al. cdmpachac, RCE-{8}.To psa ap we mescl be shove thet Cc No. veaieeg woh, Peg, ss inthe, Ch te To this mds accorfing be Ton, affiets eid VP vg VERO TG umiformbyiom R Vy) OVE RY PEYEE EY, cnifemnly al? Since rade of 7) te deduce Ly iitly similar OC meana, we shew merely that Ys yas m-~o0, wriformly env R @U), G44) , (b) of Deby => choosy Fy, fw gy 4 eva) Lyte) wel = | Me” Tene Be ¢ = [flame] + awl [fav-z] ¥ zeR ee i cSSEnceaesneeeeal eaten ane eese assent gage vesinssneenesieraeepeeioeseetetee Tie rw oe m>RNB Bao Thus ¥ msm, the indegeal =) ta xrepee ancfea Iy-5) og m Teewi” Texel! $ Te-ytterat < KPm ¥ 2) ERxB (© =m eee K=sup ioe for YW Y)ERXB , 20 that. - fe m 1,001 < K pw [HE IdV ¥ x€R (m>m) to) 3” . Bub (0), hyp. erich.ld) of Def. t44 750 emp 'Ly om RE gel Thin 11.2. Theorem Hd io faloe Y td) im Delt 6 4 Mela by (d/). : ) Se Eubanks & Co.,JRMA, 4 (1955). Deserbe courka-evamp board on £=9. Def 14.2. Dench the Keluin slate correpending tL al & by 40s, 8,4) ¥ xe E48} 44.2) Leb B=£0,8,,2,,8,}. The tiple of mormaliged Kiba sletes approprot bo KX anc & is ciftned ly — t Sig) = 1(4,8,8,) V£EB-tsp 4-3)om Ceorly, k L(y, B,L)= 4 (es) lev ee Este} anay* Furhow, from: Thee td Thr 8:9,Defit.2 onde dine — compubdtiors one finds the "hancledion» identity” Cie Mon eha) de =0, cose C4 Spy 26 (2-7) SE > Sq = Sp CU 27) cor ' Ope = CU- 20) ne > br = Spe =O- Noe: Pp omd yi oe U1.8) ors immedioh frome G17); obsmwe atrymmiby of. dtZ,0). The reob of Ut.) are mek conveniently deduccal with the ail of Bowsmeq’s soludhonw On spherccal coordinates , Le. (9.43), (4.44). Ten. 4.3(Prepelico of the Kelvine-slate). The Kiloin shake 80x) = 8G, 8,2) hao the prepeiieo: -- evel (a) fsIn, eel E (ph; E-i) |to) [ged=e, {ce-s)asdA 40 ¥ pro, 2,8) BAe) whine ia theckadion veclet of J onthe time aide of BBs) ©) yoy = Oe), GH) 60 (*) One can show? thet (a) ame the Pinel of cx) => da). Bub (2), (6), (a) fail to. chorackuze J umiquuly | To see thes eon J Stelau § Se. Gustin ¢ O., ARMA 8,261).Hg = deey + fe) Y ZEE-{B} , wecenal. (O chene Sts generoked by the hawnoric Paphovih poctinbibs Omit te) Pug = qa Mw) =O V REE EE}. en - One: confirma easily that @ schisficn (ath) ,(), (ed) off “Thm. 10.3 for way choice of the mab conchand &. Oboawve, thet this men-uniquense doce nal conbvadich Tom. 6.4 (umiquensa than of dacloakahcs), Whi. doce mob aroply bo the formubatin of Kavita pb. under conoiductim. « “CNet tha d" the phyaccal ecqnificonce of while, with pmenge Yel ore, hace higher-crcler seff- equilelrchel senguleaily, obs anc thus 2) fai bo -cbey te) ete. Thon. 44.3 oles w= 0. Qpplarrs. Meridian amalegous umigumes sinue few concertrctic. surforce foaede , eg. probln of phere uncke equal amd diamebecally oeparte cone. sufface loads. See Roserithal € Co. , Qoemal of Appl. Mech.., 19,4, 1962- Deocuao. i14 >) Questions: Do propedice (a), 0), (0) 5d) te Tarn.4t.3 debiamine do umiquely 2 Yeo! Indaech , semscched lees io suffiiunk for uniqueness , a0 i= axrparerth frome the manb thearens eahids, ewe cls withoub proof. ee Thre tt. The Kelvin’ obete biz) & $0258, 2), but for an tnbibory addibive’ inf. nigid” déeplacemerdh is wniquilly dite munca by: ao ‘ (a) d=lw, 4,01 € Eqs», BED) () feda-i R,(S) (co) Oe) =OUrgs BIT?) ao Y>E (d) O)=0U) ao v>0 Sex Titithaub ¢ Co, ARMA, 22,3(1968) for aw quoale vraquences theorem 2 soproprinta bo the diwet formulabin, — cf conenthetid. Loael porolelime in clacborbalics See abre © Gudin's Hondbudd odkeele.or ( “Hegher- orden Davie cingular eclitione The 4.5. Leb R be on open region ands f=lw, 7, g1E Elp,y,R). Suppose 1 Rage ey= 4, or R, Le, ak ak k : We~ Uk» y= dyb> Sp = ph om R. Them, Ab i se Ep, i7;R) rusther, Yt generated by the Chimmente) PN-gclimhe pandity, then dius generche By Ak ok $ =Pat VR» Vix Vik ow R- 4.9) ny Re proof, By hyp. ona Thr. , {ETR). Heer ME TCR) Sketch argument be chow q* defen funel. fill eae - © on R. U4.9) Petlows wile the aid of Thm.89. ( Leconcine. 34. Prove Thm its.© Thm MS may be ward te generale mew emgular, sobs. by cusessive space-diffeurtiotone of Kvinls coldean. Def. 14.9. Le K=10,91,8,,8,3 and beh the,s) he the mormalined Kedvun-shole of Dftt.2. We call the mime shaleo ho tes) =the), es), cee] Y ee E45} defined by 7 ke k § (4,5) = oz, £48) ¥ 4€ E-fs} (44 40) slob. corresponding be fovenn doiebbits applied ob Cand te the wach conaarts po): Physiol iidryrebetin of the doublet abate 4.10) => he : Lr ok k qu, 8) = Hime tit Methe, 5)- $e,8)} Hence, by at5),ko C 2,3) = Lim T,8,h) h+o hb 3 k Cath Pw,Esh) = FL, S-he,)- bez] cho) 3 saa eh a § (z, 03h) Ttz,05h) a(-h,0,0) a/he ‘phe €(0,-h, 0) hh V2, 8) (me owm) . boree-cloublet. withoud oo. applied of & paratll be gyrase. Wigs -ey ickiaiy utes geet tae applid of & perathl be gy-asie: 7 11.410), U4.G) => 2 d,s) = tte-£,0) ¥ 26 E-f8} aaFrome (44.40), U7), amd Thaw. A4.S ona oblaine the fottonuingn fovmustan for the dixplacement ame. stinee ke components of 4(z,0). ane kt edhe . Rt conte cat Fe, 0) 2 pm mB dW Eo S = BT? ke BxpXpX;, up =r eo + (8-4) Sy, He Bne%e~ 8p | 2 h2 c PAS ¥R XXX 3U-297) = ee y Fy S| *8% oe ae i %e4,+ Sete” &, +4¥) 4.4 wisi : 3 (8, prey 8y. Expt Sue) —4-27)(b, 8, + Sy bru 83 Spel - We hen mew bo an analogue for doublb-chatis of Th .14.3. Thre. 44-6. (Propeitics of doublet slates). The doublet cherles es su,0) have the properties? ki ke ok @ teres o ok 6 Eyy, E-t9})be h ) [s*da=0 , [%AS“IA=EktmEm ¥ P>O, ' @B,f0) B,(2) P P : wohune gk is the traction Vel of gh om tha tronue aicle, of ®B,(0) ; (©) Pay = Or?) , oth =O(F%) aa Pale) rO , (d) es) =O), oy -0079 as $00. Proof: Re Ca)! immediate from: Def. I1.3, Pre lL.3, Theil Re lb)! by computation based on (13) frcte plausibility of (6) um view of C4441) } Rele),le)! by meprckion of (1113). Discemiory, Compare ordiete tn (ola) with, those im (0),lal) of Tarn. I13. Neti thet J has a aelf- equil. singubanih, at O; hence (a), (b),le), (ol) cannel chavadirige J? umiquelly ! Geplains. Obswe that Sd om E10}; contrast be mechanics of pugéad bodies.Ik to torhel to amgh out hoo parkiular Linear combinabone of doublet slate. “ inkers of compressions (dilebebn)¢ cotta of relahors Deb.t1 4. CConker of compression). We coll fw) = [ol 8), 28), CRY BIV 2, sis} dufimed dy {e,8) = ~ tte) He) ¥ eCE=ts} . Gitta! the shoe a. a unkr of compre oh C4 44), Ut12) => Ws,8) = fe 8,0) VISE ELEEES Gaus, ata) dibayee DU ; “ eee ees eee Nae . Ke {(z,0): ga BUR ° VWo= a e 7 y= Bees ow b= aE V®) > fae @(ge- - 3,), Cbg i S=v-E +0, wet vadeo, |Aloo from (11.46), Thr.8.9, and (9.44) we oblein for 8,2) im epheriial coordemoke (49,6)! fw,o): g-ts y=9 uy=n Ug=ug=0, 4 Qpr? ? Git 2 Sy Se om Maes » Nam GH= ye Os Baberat, on devvaten of 1.17). Discussions. Nok mane umiquemess of -PN-peknhal geenahng SG). W117) > polar aymmeby of £9). Ceplain». Shale properhes of £0) impliich Ly Defling and Thn.t1.6. ln parhinfar, ,0) hee a etf~ equil. aingWouly ob 0. Rebun bo momen sunaiquemesa of convenkenaD formuebatiin of Kibbinds probe on ioheaprdl S on pido ae O58). Deh 11.5 (Gribe of relation) We cose lr Té,s) -1Ue,2), Jig, Steel ¥ £en-tg}a dilimecl by : : Dre : _ 2 (4,8) = Ete 1&8) ¥ ZEE-1EF 44a) the choke comespendinig fe a anile of relcin at 5,” parotleh le the @,- aele Eeplizit formulas for Wtz,0) ands Bite, 0) are easily oblained froms W148), (413).The sclevonk properkes of Tre,o) feblero from 1.48); Thm.11.6. ln patizulan, By means of (11), one oblaine [3 US,0)dA = 5 deasiy, OdA= &.. ¥ p>0.,. Gt4g) @B{9) © 7 @B,9) Remarks . The cingulan solhine dicuned.so far playa pivolal robe mi the thieny af Guenle fonckine apopro- pret: to Lasical Daskololicn , whith gou bach be () Bete, Volline, Lerurdla. Tres theory fuumishes tabgnale vecenbatecme for the the col. be the base beumedony-OQ ios pee Urea tel sree ea lent opt Daa tee ts © Labomke ¢ Co, and Tirlblauk ¢ CG. dhol earlier. For Oo gemelizchin of Kleine col. be aninchemie omedeins eee Fredholm, Ache. Mathemahia, 23,4 (4900). . Menton possibildly of gereraliig, progremiinly * higher-order angular rolitine trough succemive space df frentabine of Kebuinls solchin”. Refers be sbesbodymemic analogues of the an gular sofitions we have declicecl.Menkin Slohels eee ee le im Linear Dachodymamice (of hemeg., uictropic, colds) see Wherbns ¢ Co., ARMA, 81,1 (4968). One onery gencrciter mes aobichkima of the erababahe fulel ege. by combnucus comporibcn (infisct supeporit om) of wlache ckales ath pout singubarthic. In pres” poralon for an imperlent uample of this burl, we MAR skigulaw stolen blaine Ly more than one sparen ie f PC,B) have elf equibe avigubarthcs Tred fetleroe cbinedtl, from ther behavior ot unfunity. Ceploins24 clean mow be a theorem thal am inkqabin ( amalague ef Thm. it 5. The 7, Leb Robe an open regio and lt . 46,7) = LW65D), 265%) , SEs] SEGL,75R)- | Castsh) be a ene-peromcle family of Lach alates §, €T(RxX) , T=te,b1. a b dw= |dw,z)db V LER, ie. a b b b uw = uce.x) dt, Guy= [pemes, Su) -lewnee. Qa Qa a Charly, & hae the required amocthmn ons RTs aut that25 F conforms bo the fudeb agar comeiden , for excimiple, {C iL yp p\e.0) OV MERXE > [oy, puede =O ¥ ZER b a a [oy ter)du ¥ BER > Gy =0 oR, ao Remark The comebusion ine Tiedt. evidently semaine tue Uf Do unbounded provided the improper inte difinig P ore anilably convergent. « . The Hath-line of dilaletions Deli 14.6 (Hatl-Line of dilatation). We call oe cae a I on E-Lp > Lp= Le] ep=-B} , Siu $ defied by °0 Nan. sie-tepde ¥.yCB-Lp,. 44-20 ° the alate. ieee ee hath Bie f ttre on QO. z Lp=fle]x=0 (isk) -oo co Al o tte) =-|Mesre,, 0dr Y ¥CE-Lh ° : Ctt.24) G4.24), W446) => co ak 4 J 4 : Bw =- Zp vias) dt ¥ £eE-Lp o 11.22, PyZ,0) = let exe] =] (4+ 80) + 8p hae ade to Comying out the tmbgrettion tm (1.22) ome finele 2pthw) sv Log (#4 ¥b) y ¥CE-LR faz GFuy = Log (8+¥n) a(mo cum) om E-Ly Ut.o5 “Ao wage by i.23), 4.24), Ut 25) ancl. Thn.89, a ot = Log. (e+ep) swag 4.26) ie =k at DPIC E (pew; E-Ly) 4.27) From - 1.26), (9.44) ome obbaing the « felling reacts hoy Rae aphertal pooh (4,6, ¢$)- re dwt g = Log frU+eose)] , Wp=0, este) uy ene rT Qpr 7 “e 2+ +-<0s8) a uw ug=0, z ; Gr: cos = 7% ee Cee 72+ cos8). 7 “96 “EBC FeoeeyZ| 2 eta eee re 8G Fess)? “dr ™ Se=0- ]ant oft Gv orcian 35. Deduce Uf .23), 1.28). and compen 125) From (14.26) 5 41.25) follorwce oh ak Vv =VvAw=2 om E-L,- Nok singulatly of Pon Ly. Chay, k Bey = O84), Se - 0) | I F Ct-2 ae on b->O and ao B-> 00 Compare (4.29) with, comerpending. Bis of 4be,0) Cf. te), (ed) of Thm. ta),