RAVEpdfs 10/9/01 5:37 pm Page 7

Owner’s Handbook
Instruktieboekje
Manuel du Conducteur
Betriebsanleitung
Manuale di Istruzioni
Manual del Conductor
Manual do Proprietário
Defender
 90, 110, 130

Owner's Handbook

Publication Part No. LRL 0439ENG - 2nd edition

© Land Rover 2001

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, electronic, mechanical,
recording or other means without prior written permission from Land Rover.

As part of Land Rover environmental policy, this publication is printed on paper made from chlorine free pulp.
 Owner’s Handbook
This handbook covers current Land Rover Defender models and, together with the Service
Portfolio book, provides all the information you need to derive maximum pleasure from owning
and driving your new vehicle.

For your convenience, the handbook is divided into sections, each dealing with a different
aspect of the vehicle. These are listed on the title page and you will find it worthwhile to take a
little time to read each one, and get to know your Defender as soon as you possibly can. The
more you understand before you drive, the greater the satisfaction once you are seated behind
the steering wheel.

IMPORTANT
The specification of each vehicle will vary according to territorial requirements and also from
model to model within the vehicle range. Some of the information published in this handbook,
therefore, may not apply to your particular vehicle.

Land Rover operates a policy of constant product improvement and therefore reserves the right to change specifications
without notice at any time. Whilst every effort is made to ensure complete accuracy of the information in this handbook,
no liabilities for inaccuracies or the consequences thereof can be accepted by the manufacturer or the dealer, except in
respect of personal injury caused by the negligence of the manufacturer or the dealer.

2
 Contents
Controls & Instruments
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Locks & Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Child Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Door Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Warning Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Lights & Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Wipers & Washers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Manual Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Electric Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Heating & Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Heated Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Interior Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Side & Rear Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
In-Car Telephones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
In-Car Entertainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Driving & Operating
Starting & Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Catalytic Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Fuel Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Manual Gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Transfer Gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Traction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Load Carrying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Ancillary Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Power Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Washers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Wiper Blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Cleaning & vehicle care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Identification Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Parts & Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Emergency Information
Wheel Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Emergency Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Vehicle Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Technical Data
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Appendices
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I

Off-road Driving
Off-road Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Driving Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Owner Maintenance
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Bonnet Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Engine Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
 Introduction
BEFORE YOU DRIVE
Introdu ctio n
WARNING
Your vehicle has a higher ground clearance
and, hence, a higher centre of gravity than
ordinary passenger cars. This will result in
different handling characteristics.
Inexperienced drivers should take additional
care, particularly in off-road driving
situations and when performing abrupt
manoeuvres on unstable surfaces.
SYMBOLS USED
The following symbols used within the
handbook call your attention to specific types of
information.
This recycling symbol identifies those
items that must be disposed of safely in
order to prevent unnecessary damage to the
environment.
*An asterisk appearing within the text,
identifies features or items of equipment that
are either optional, or are only fitted to some
vehicles in the model range.
WARNINGS IN THIS HANDBOOK
WARNING
Safety warnings are included in this
handbook. These indicate either a procedure
which must be followed precisely, or
information that should be considered with
great care in order to avoid the possibility of
personal injury or serious damage to the
vehicle.
4
SECURITY CARD
The security card, supplied with the literature
pack, contains important emergency
information. It is ESSENTIAL that you keep the
card safe from theft and ensure that it is passed
to the new owner if you sell the vehicle.
• Key number: This is the number of the
starter/door key - essential if you ever need
to obtain a replacement.
• Emergency key access code: You will need
this code in order to start the vehicle if the
handset has been lost or damaged (see
‘Emergency key access’, page 15).
• Locking wheel nut number: If your vehicle
has locking wheel nuts, you will have been
provided with a special wheel nut socket to
remove them. You will need to quote this
number to obtain a replacement socket.
• VIN (vehicle identification number): This
identity number is unique to your vehicle
and is essential proof of its specification.
The number can also be found in various
locations around the vehicle (see ‘VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN)’,
page 123).
• Radio security code number*: This unique
code must be entered into the radio
whenever the power supply has been
disconnected. Without this code, the radio
unit will not operate (see 'Security code' in
the 'In-Car Entertainment' book).
WARNING
Never leave the security card inside the
vehicle when it is unattended.
Memorise the emergency key access code, or
keep the card on your person while driving, in
case of emergencies.
 Introduction
SERVICE PORTFOLIO
The Service Portfolio book included in your
literature pack contains important vehicle
identification information, details of your
entitlement under the terms of the Land Rover
warranty, as well as useful consumer advice.
Most important of all, however, is the section
on maintenance. This outlines the servicing
requirements for your vehicle and also includes
the First Service Voucher, and the service
record slips, which the Dealer should sign and
stamp to certify that the routine services have
been carried out at the recommended intervals.
WARNING LABELS ATTACHED TO THE
VEHICLE
Warning labels attached to your vehicle
bearing this symbol mean: DO NOT
touch or adjust components until you
have read the relevant instructions in
the handbook.
Warning labels showing this symbol
indicate that the ignition system utilises
very high voltages. DO NOT touch any
ignition components while the starter
switch is turned on!
5
DIFFERENTIAL LOCK LABEL
WARNING
THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK SHOULD ONLY BE ENGAGED WHEN TRACTION IS LIKELY
WIDE THROTTLE OPENINGS SHOULD BE AVOIDED WHEN USED IN CONJUNCTION WIT
1st AND 2nd GEAR LOW RANGE. AS SOON AS THE DIFFICULT SURFACE HAS BEEN
DIFFERENTIAL LOCK MUST BE RELEASED.
A SINGLE AXLE ROLLER RIG MAY BE USED FOR SPEEDS UP TO 5km/h. THE CENT
DIFFERENTIAL LOCK MUST BE DISENGAGED. FOR ROLLER TESTS OVER 5 km/H EI
WHEELS MUST BE ROTATED AT THE SAME SPEED OR IF ONLY A SINGLE AXLE ROLL
AVAILABLE, THE CENTRE DIFFERENTIAL MUST BE LOCKED AND THE PROPELLER S
STATIONARY AXLE MUST BE REMOVED.
H3757
Information concerning operation of the
differential lock is printed on the centre
console. This is important information and
must be understood fully with reference to the
‘Gearbox and Transmission’ sections of this
handbook, before using the transfer gearbox.
The label contains the following warning:
“THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK SHOULD ONLY BE
ENGAGED WHEN TRACTION IS LIKELY TO BE
LOST. WIDE THROTTLE OPENINGS SHOULD
BE AVOIDED WHEN USED IN CONJUNCTION
WITH 1st AND 2nd GEAR LOW RANGE. AS
SOON AS THE DIFFICULT SURFACE HAS BEEN
CROSSED THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK MUST BE
RELEASED.
A SINGLE AXLE ROLLER RIG MAY BE USED
FOR SPEEDS UP TO 5 km/h. THE CENTRE
DIFFERENTIAL LOCK MUST BE DISENGAGED.
FOR ROLLER TESTS ABOVE 5 km/h EITHER
ALL FOUR WHEELS MUST BE ROTATED AT
THE SAME SPEED OR IF ONLY A SINGLE AXLE
ROLLER RIG IS AVAILABLE, THE
DIFFERENTIAL MUST BE LOCKED AND THE
PROPELLER SHAFT TO STATIONARY AXLE
MUST BE REMOVED.”
 Introduction
IN AN EMERGENCY

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Remember the breakdown safety code
If a breakdown occurs while travelling:
• Wherever possible, consistent with
road safety and traffic conditions, the
vehicle should be moved off the main
thoroughfare, preferably into a lay-by. If
a breakdown occurs on a motorway,
pull well over to the inside of the hard
shoulder.
• Switch on hazard lights.
• If possible, position a warning triangle
or a flashing amber light at an
appropriate distance from the vehicle to
warn other traffic of the breakdown,
(note the legal requirements of some
countries).
• Evacuate passengers through nearside
doors onto the verge, well away from
the road, as a precaution in case your
vehicle is accidentally struck by other
traffic.

6
Controls & Instruments
Controls
CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
FASCIA SWITCHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Locks & Alarm

KEYS AND HANDSETS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
ALARM SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
INTERIOR SPACE PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ENGINE IMMOBILISATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
REMOTE HANDSET BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ALARM OR HANDSET DIFFICULTIES. . . . . . . . . . 18
CHILD-PROOF LOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
TAIL DOORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Seats
FRONT SEATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
HEAD RESTRAINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
HEATED FRONT SEATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
FOLDING THE REAR SEATS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Seat Belts
SEAT BELT SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SEAT BELTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
CARING FOR SEAT BELTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Child Restraints
CHILD SEATS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Door Mirrors Interior Equipment
EXTERIOR MIRRORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 INTERIOR LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
CLOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Instruments CIGAR LIGHTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
INSTRUMENT PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 ASHTRAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
CUBBY BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Warning Lights INTERIOR REAR-VIEW MIRROR . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
WARNING LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Side & Rear Step
Lights & Indicators STEPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
DIRECTION INDICATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 In-Car Telephones
FOG LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 IN-CAR TELEPHONES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
HAZARD WARNING LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
In-Car Entertainment
Wipers & Washers RADIO AERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
OPERATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 IN-CAR ENTERTAINMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
WINDSCREEN WIPERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
WINDSCREEN WASHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
REAR WINDOW WIPER AND WASHER . . . . . . . 40

Horn
HORN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Manual Windows
FRONT AND REAR WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
SLIDING REAR WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Electric Windows
ELECTRIC WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Sunroof
SUNROOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Heating & Ventilation

VENTILATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
HEATER CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
USING YOUR HEATER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Air Conditioning
AIR CONDITIONING CONTROLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
USING THE AIR CONDITIONING. . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Heated Screens
HEATED FRONT SCREEN AND REAR WINDOW . 50

8
 Controls
Controls & Ins truments

CONTROLS
Controls

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12
50 70
100
80 km/h 120
9 3
60
30 140 90
40
6
160
20

10 0
180 110

0
mph
LAND -
- ROVER

20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
H3747

1. Fresh air vent control 11. Air temperature & distribution controls
2. Audio system 12. Air conditioning controls*
3. Fascia switches (see overleaf) 13. Accelerator pedal
4. Fresh air vent control 14. Brake pedal
5. Air blower control 15. Clutch pedal
6. Direction indicators and horn control 16. Starter switch
7. Lighting switch 17. Bonnet release lever
8. Instrument panel 18. Handbrake
9. Clock 19. Transfer gear lever
10. Windscreen wiper/washer control 20. Main gear lever

NOTE: The precise specification and location of the controls may vary according to territorial
requirements and from model to model within the vehicle range.

9
 Controls
FASCIA SWITCHES

H3726

Heated front screen* Rear fog guard lights*

Press to operate (see ‘Heated front Press to operate (see ‘Rear fog
screen*’, page 50). guard lights’, page 38).

Heated rear screen* Electric windows*

Press to operate (see ‘Heated rear
window*’, page 50).
Hazard warning lights
Press to operate (see ‘HAZARD
WARNING LIGHTS’, page 38).
Rear window wiper*
Press to operate (see ‘Rear
window wiper’, page 40).
Press the appropriate switch to
operate the front left or right
window (see ‘Operating the
windows’, page 43)
Seat heaters*
Press the appropriate switch to
operate the front left or right seat
heater (see ‘HEATED FRONT
SEATS*’, page 22).

Rear window washer*

Press to operate (see ‘Rear
window washer’, page 40).

10
 Locks & Alarm
KEYS AND HANDSETS Using the remote handset
Locks & Alarm

You have been supplied with two remote

handsets and two sets of keys, comprising:
• A black key for operating the starter switch
and door locks.
• A smaller metal key to operate the fuel filler
cap lock.
The starter key number is stamped on a tag
attached to the key ring. Check that the key
number has been entered in the space provided
on your Security card.
If the remote handset is lost, contact a Land
Rover dealer, who can supply a replacement
unit.

WARNING
Keep the Security card and spare handset and
keys in a safe place - NOT IN THE VEHICLE!
ALARM SYSTEM*
Your vehicle is fitted with a sophisticated
electronic anti-theft alarm and engine
immobilisation system. In order to ensure
maximum security and operating convenience,
you are strongly advised to gain a full
understanding of the alarm system, by
thoroughly reading this section of the
handbook.
H3619
While it is not necessary to point the handset at
the vehicle, the handset must be within range of
the vehicle when a button is pressed. Note that
the operating range may vary depending upon
handset battery condition and may sometimes
be limited by physical and geographical factors
beyond your control. From a security point of
view, it may not be wise to unlock unless you
are within a few feet of the vehicle.
Vehicles with central door locking
Locking with the remote handset:
Press the lock (padlock symbol) button once:
• all doors are locked (including the tail door)
• engine immobilised
• perimetric alarm activated (protects the
doors and bonnet)
• interior space protection activated
The direction indicator lights flash three times
to confirm that the vehicle is secure and the
anti-theft alarm indicator light (in the
instrument panel) starts to flash.

11
 Locks & Alarm
Locking with the key: Provided the doors and bonnet are securely
Insert the key and turn the driver’s door lock closed, the direction indicators will flash three
towards the rear of the vehicle: times and the anti-theft alarm indicator in the
• all doors locked (including the tail door) instrument panel will start to flash.
• engine immobilised To disarm the alarm, press the unlock (PLAIN)
• NO PERIMETRIC ALARM OR INTERIOR button on the handset; the direction indicators
SPACE PROTECTION will flash once and the interior lights illuminate.

The anti-theft alarm indicator light (in the Door sill locking buttons
instrument panel) starts to flash after 30 From inside the vehicle, each door can be
seconds to show that the engine is individually locked by depressing the
immobilised. appropriate sill locking button.
Unlocking with the remote handset:
Press the unlock (PLAIN) button once to
disarm the alarm and unlock the doors.
The direction indicator lights flash once and the
interior lights illuminate.
Unlocking with the key:
While all the doors can be unlocked using the
key in the driver’s door lock, this method is NOT
RECOMMENDED - depending on the
specification of the vehicle the alarm may not
be disarmed.
H3664

Vehicles without central door locking

Locking & unlocking:
Each door lock must be operated individually,
using the key. The handset will NOT operate the
door locks. Turn the key towards the rear of the
vehicle to lock and towards the front to unlock.
Arming & disarming the alarm:
Press the lock button on the handset to arm the
alarm.
• Perimetric protection protects the doors
and bonnet.
• Interior space protection is activated.
• Engine is immobilised.
WARNING
DO NOT depress the sill buttons as a means of
locking the doors from outside the vehicle
(this practice - known as ‘slam locking’ - is
NOT recommended, because keys can be
locked inside accidentally).
On vehicles with central door locking, operation
of the driver’s door sill locking button locks all
the other doors too. However, engine
immobilisation and interior space protection
are suspended unless the handset lock button
is pressed as well.

12
 Locks & Alarm
NOTE: Slam locking, as described above, is Mislock
prohibited on vehicles with central door If a door is not fully closed when the handset
locking. lock button is pressed, the hazard warning
lights will fail to flash, indicating a mislock. In
Anti-theft alarm indicator light this case, the alarm system will not be fully
armed and on vehicles with central door
locking, none of the doors will lock.
As soon as the open aperture is closed, the
hazard warning lights will flash and the
100
80 120 anti-theft alarm indicator light will resume
60 140
flashing to confirm that the system has
40 160
returned to a fully armed state.
20 180

0 200 NOTE: If a mislock occurs as a result of an open

2 door, interior space protection will not be
activated.
H3662
NOTE: If a mislock occurs as a result of an open
The indicator light in the speedometer (arrowed bonnet, the door apertures will still be protected
in illustration) provides information about the by the alarm system and interior space
status of the alarm system, as follows: protection will be active.
When the alarm is armed:
If the alarm sounds
The light flashes rapidly while the alarm is
If the alarm is triggered, the alarm sounder or
arming itself. After ten seconds, the light
vehicle horn will sound for 30 seconds before
adjusts to a slower frequency and continues to
switching off and resetting itself to the same
flash as an anti-theft deterrent until the alarm is
protection status that existed prior to the alarm
disarmed.
being triggered. The alarm can be triggered up
If the engine is immobilised (even though the to three times before needing to be reset.
alarm has been disarmed):
To silence the alarm, press either button on the
The light flashes slowly until the engine is
remote handset.
remobilised.
NOTE: While the alarm is sounding, the hazard
If the alarm has been triggered:
warning lights will flash to provide a visual
The light will flash rapidly when the alarm is
alarm.
disarmed until the starter switch is turned to
position II.
If the remote handset battery power is low:
The light will flash rapidly during the initial ten
seconds after the handset has been used, while
the alarm system is arming.
If the driver’s door is open:
The light illuminates for ten seconds, before
adjusting to slow frequency flashing.

13
 Locks & Alarm
INTERIOR SPACE PROTECTION Vehicles without central door locking

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
To disable interior space protection when
setting the alarm, use the following
procedure:
1. Open the driver’s door.
2. With the driver’s door open, use the
handset to arm the alarm in the
normal way.
3. Close the driver’s door (the hazard
Interior space protection is designed to protect warning lights flash three times and
the interior of the vehicle from intrusion (entry the anti-theft indicator light
by a thief through a smashed window, for commences flashing rapidly).
example). Twin sensors monitor the interior The alarm system is now armed with
space and activate the alarm if air movement is interior protection disabled.
detected in the passenger compartment.
Using the handset:
Interior space protection is activated
automatically whenever the remote handset is
used to set the alarm and can ONLY be
deactivated with the handset.
Key operation:
On vehicles fitted with central door locking,
using the key to arm the alarm will NOT activate
(or deactivate) interior space protection.
NOTE: Interior space protection cannot be
activated if a door is open, or if the starter
switch is turned on.
NOTE: Interior protection will not operate for
the first 15 seconds after the alarm is set.

WARNING
Never activate interior space protection if
windows or sunroof are to be left open, or if
passengers or animals are to be left inside
the vehicle - any movement will activate the
alarm.

14
 Locks & Alarm
ENGINE IMMOBILISATION
Engine immobilisation is an important aspect of
the security system, and includes a feature
known as ‘passive immobilisation’. This is
designed to safeguard the vehicle from theft,
should the driver forget to lock the doors or arm
the alarm. Engine immobilisation is automatic
whenever any of the following conditions
occur:
• The vehicle is locked using handset or key.
• Thirty seconds after the starter switch has
been turned off AND the driver's door
opened.
• Five minutes after the starter switch is
turned off, or the alarm system is disarmed.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
The engine immobilisation system relies
on the handset to re-mobilise the engine.
Look after the handsets at all times,
protecting them from loss, damage and
battery discharge.
If the engine has immobilised passively,
re-mobilisation will occur when the starter
switch is turned to position ‘II’, provided
the handset is on the same ring as the key
and in close proximity to the switch.
• ALWAYS keep the handset on the same
ring as the key.
• NEVER attach both handsets to the
SAME key ring.
Any attempt to start the engine while it is
immobilised, will cause the engine
immobilisation warning light (in the
speedometer) to flash.
15
Emergency key access
If the handset is damaged, or fails to operate,
the engine can be re-mobilised by using the
starter key to enter a unique four number
emergency key access code. The code is
recorded on the Security card and is entered as
follows:
If your handset is lost or inoperative, it is
impossible to disarm the alarm. As soon as the
door is opened, the alarm will sound
(continuously for up to three 30 second
periods), and continue while the code is being
entered.
H3615
1. Remove the handset from the key ring and
keep the handset well away from the
starter switch when entering the code.
2. From inside the vehicle, with the driver’s
door closed, immediately insert the key
into the starter switch and turn to position
‘II’. Hold this position until the alarm
sounds, then switch off and open and
close the driver’s door.
3. Turn the starter switch to position ‘II’ the
required number of times to enter the first
digit of the code (if the first digit is 4, turn
the key to position ‘II’ and then back to ‘0’
four times).
4. Open and close the driver’s door (this will
enter the first digit of the code).
 Locks & Alarm
5. Turn the starter switch to position ‘II’ and
back to ‘0’ the required number of times to
enter the SECOND digit of the code.
6. Open and close the driver’s door again.
7. Turn the starter switch to position ‘II’ and
back to ‘0’ the required number of times to
enter the THIRD digit of the code.
8. Open and close the driver’s door again.
9. Turn the starter switch to position ‘II’ and
back to ‘0’ the required number of times to
enter the FOURTH digit of the code.
10. Finally, open and close the driver’s door
one more time.
If the code has been entered correctly, the
anti-theft indicator light will extinguish, the
alarm will stop sounding and the engine can be
started.
If an incorrect code has been entered:
If the code is entered incorrectly, the alarm
sounder will sound twice, the anti-theft
indicator light will continue to illuminate, and
the engine will fail to start. Before entering the
code again, turn the starter switch to position
‘II’ and hold in this position for 5 seconds.
After three failed entry attempts, the security
system invokes a delay period of thirty minutes
during which the system will not accept any
further attempts to enter a code.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Memorise the emergency key access code
or keep the Security card on your person in
case of emergencies. NEVER leave the card
in the vehicle.
16
REMOTE HANDSET BATTERY
The battery should last for approximately
three years dependent upon use. When the
battery needs replacing it will be apparent from
the following symptoms:
• The handset will only work every other
operation while disarming.
• The hazard warning lights will not flash
when the alarm is disarmed.
Always fit a Land Rover STC 4080 or a
Panasonic CR2032 replacement battery
(available from a Land Rover dealer).
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
• DO NOT remove a battery until you are
ready to install the replacement.
• The engine will immobilise five minutes
after the key is removed from the
starter switch (or 30 seconds after the
starter has been switched off and the
driver’s door opened). If handset
battery replacement is NOT completed
within this period, the emergency key
access code will have to be entered
before the handset can be
synchronised.
WARNING
The handset contains delicate electronic
circuits and must be protected from impact
and water damage, high temperatures and
humidity, direct sunlight and the effects of
solvents, waxes and abrasive cleaners.
 Locks & Alarm
Battery replacement 7. Press the two halves of the handset firmly
together and ensure that both halves are
fully joined, to prevent dirt or moisture
from entering the handset.
8. Operate the PADLOCK symbol button at
least four times within range of the vehicle
to resynchronise the handset.
9. Press the unlock button once to unlock the
vehicle.
The handset is now ready for use.

H3663

1. Unlock the vehicle and disarm the alarm

system.
2. Turn the starter switch to position ‘II’, then
turn to position ‘0’ and remove the key.
3. Carefully prise the handset apart; start
from the key ring end using a coin or small
screwdriver. Avoid damaging the seal
between the two halves of the case and DO
NOT allow dirt or moisture to get inside
the handset.
4. Slide the battery out of its clip, taking care
to avoid touching the circuit board or the
contact surfaces of the clip.
5. Press and hold one of the buttons for at
least five seconds (this will drain any
residual power from the handset).
6. Fit the new battery, ensuring that correct
polarity is maintained (‘+’ side facing up).
Finger marks will adversely affect battery
life; if possible, avoid touching the flat
surfaces of the battery and wipe them
clean before fitting.

17
 Locks & Alarm
ALARM OR HANDSET DIFFICULTIES
If the alarm goes off unexpectedly:
Ensure all the windows and sunroof are closed,
or if they need to be left open, disable interior
space protection.
If the alarm goes off when a door is opened:
Disarm the alarm with the handset before
unlocking. If the handset has failed, enter the
emergency key access code (refer to
‘Emergency key access’, page 15).
If the starter will not operate:
Ensure the handset is on the same key ring as
the starter key. If it still will not operate, consult
a Land Rover dealer.
If the hazard warning lights fail to flash when
the alarm is armed:
A door or bonnet is partially opened - close the
open aperture and try again.
18
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Battery disconnection
Your vehicle is equipped with a battery
backed-up sounder, which operates as an
anti-theft siren if the vehicle battery is
disconnected.
Before disconnecting the vehicle battery, it
is ESSENTIAL to refer to ‘Battery removal
and replacement’, page 115, in order to
prevent the alarm from sounding.
If the vehicle battery is disconnected for
any reason, the status of the security
system prior to disconnection will be
memorised and automatically reset when
the battery is reconnected.
 Locks & Alarm
CHILD-PROOF LOCKS* TAIL DOORS*

H3618
H3661

Move the locking levers on the rear doors down From outside, use the key to lock and unlock
to engage the child locks. the taildoor. From inside and with the door
closed, push the locking button up to lock and
With the child-proof locks engaged, the rear down to unlock (see illustration).
doors cannot be opened from inside the
vehicle, thereby avoiding the risk of a door
being opened accidentally while the vehicle is
moving.

WARNING
NEVER leave children unsupervised in the
vehicle.

19
 Seats
FRONT SEATS Seat back adjustment
Seats

WARNING
To avoid the risk of loss of control and
personal injury, DO NOT adjust the driver's
seat or head restraint while the vehicle is in
motion.

Forward/backward adjustment

H3738

Lift the lever on the side of the seat and lean

backwards or forwards to achieve the desired
angle, then lower the lever to lock.

H3739
Lift the bar at the front of the seat to slide the
seat forward or back. Ensure the seat is locked
in position before driving.
WARNING
DO NOT travel with the seat backs reclined
steeply rearwards. Optimum benefit is
obtained from the seat belt with the seat back
angle set to approximately 25 degrees from
the upright (vertical).

20
 Seats
Seat cushion removal When replacing, insert the lugs at the back of
the seat cushion into the corresponding holes
where the seat base meets the seat back, then
push firmly down on the front of the seat
cushion to secure in place.
NOTE: On cars equipped with seat heaters, an
electrical lead connects the heater unit in the
seat cushion with the vehicle wiring harness.
When removing the seat cushion care must be
taken to avoid straining or damaging the lead.

HEAD RESTRAINTS

H3710

H3709
Pull the head restraint up or down until the
cushion is level with the back of the head.
WARNING
WARNING
ENSURE that the seat cushion is securely in
Head restraints are designed to support the
place before driving.
back of the head (NOT THE NECK), and to
restrain rearward movement of the head in
The front seat cushions can be removed to the event of a collision. The restraint must be
access the battery and secondary fuse box as positioned level with the head to be effective.
follows:
Pull up the front of the seat base to release it
from its retaining clips, then pull the cushion
forward to remove.

21
 Seats
HEATED FRONT SEATS*

H3729

With the starter switch turned on, press the

switches to operate the heating elements in
either the driver's or front passenger seat (the
indicator light in the switch illuminates). Press
a second time to switch off.
The seat heaters are thermostatically controlled
and operate intermittently to achieve and then
maintain a predetermined temperature between
79°F and 97°F (26° - 36°C).

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
The seat heaters consume considerable
power from the battery. For this reason,
they should ONLY be operated while the
engine is running.

NOTE: The centre front seat* is not equipped

with heating elements.

22
 Seats
FOLDING THE REAR SEATS 60/40 split rear seats*

WARNING
DO NOT adjust the seats while the vehicle is
in motion.
1

When re-erecting the 60/40 split rear seats*,

ensure that the seat stands are properly
positioned.
When the seat is erected, the latching
mechanism should be visually checked and 2
physically tested to ensure that the latch is
secure before driving.

Before folding the rear seats:

• Slide the front seats forward.
• Ensure that the outer rear seat belts are
correctly stowed.
• Pass the seat belt locks through the junction
of the backrest and the cushion and into the 3
loadspace.

H3712

1. Pull up the release catch (see inset).

2. Fold the backrest forward.
3. Lift and fold the seat base forward.
4. Fold away the seat stand.

23
 Seats
Individually split rear seats*
NOTE: The centre seat cannot fold until both
outer seats have been folded.

H3741

H3740

Outer seats:
1. Release the catch (see first inset).
2. Fold the backrest forward.
3. Slide back the bolt (see second inset).
4. Lift and fold the seat base forwards.

24
 Seats
Centre seat: Rear compartment folding seats*
1. Release the catch - as stage ‘1’ for the
outer seats. WARNING
2. Fold the backrest forward. When the seat is in use, the steel support
3. Lift and fold the seat base forwards. must be angled as shown in the illustration
(i.e. pointing away from the front of the seat,
with its foot angled into the floor where the
floor meets the side of the vehicle).

H3720

When returning the backrest to the upright

H3714
position, ensure that both the seat base and the
backrest of all three seats are securely latched
in place before driving.

25
 Seats
1. Unclip the restraining strap (see inset) and
fold down the seat base.
2. Position the steel seat support as shown
in illustration.
The steel supports can be folded flat against the
underside of the seat base when not in use. The
strap (see inset) should be used to secure the
seat base in the folded position when not in use.

Rear compartment bench seats*

H3713

These are fixed seats and cannot be folded. The

seat cushions are removable (see illustration).

26
 Seat Belts
SEAT BELT SAFETY • DO NOT allow front seat occupants to travel
Seat Belts

The seat belts fitted to the front and second row with the seat backs reclined steeply
seats are intended for use by adult sized rearwards. Optimum benefit is obtained
occupants. Each belt should be used by one from the seat belt with the seat back angle
occupant only. set to approximately 25 degrees from the
upright (vertical) position.
Observe the following precautions:
• DO NOT allow foreign matter (particularly
• DO make sure ALL passengers are securely
sugary food and drink particles) to enter the
strapped in at all times - even for the
seat belt locks - such substances can render
shortest journeys.
the locks inoperative.
• ALWAYS adjust seat belts to eliminate any
• In most countries, all occupants are
slack in the webbing. DO NOT slacken the
required by law to wear a seat belt, unless
webbing by holding the belt away from the
they have been issued with a medical
body - to be fully effective, the seat belt
exemption certificate.
must remain in full contact with the body at
all times. • During pregnancy, women should wear the
lap belt across the hips below the baby, with
• ALWAYS fit the lap strap as low on the hips
the diagonal belt passing across the
as possible (never across the abdomen),
shoulder, between the breasts and to one
and ensure that the diagonal belt passes
side of the baby - if in doubt, consult a
across the shoulder without slipping off or
doctor.
pressing on the neck.
• DO NOT wear seat belts over hard, sharp or WARNING
fragile items in clothing, such as pens, keys,
Ensure that all seat belts are worn correctly -
spectacles etc.
an improperly worn seat belt increases the
• Always replace a seat belt assembly that has risk of death or serious injury in the event of a
withstood the strain of a severe vehicle collision.
impact, or if the webbing shows signs of
fraying.
• Where possible use the seat belts to secure
large items of luggage that are to be carried
on the seats - in the event of an accident,
insecure items become flying missiles
capable of causing serious injury.
• DO NOT use a seat belt that is twisted or
obstructed in any way that could impede its
smooth operation.

27
 Seat Belts
SEAT BELTS Releasing the belt
To minimise injury in the event of an accident, Press the RED button on the seat belt buckle.
it is important that seat belts are worn correctly.
Read the instructions below and the advice Lap belts
contained under the heading ‘SEAT BELT
SAFETY’.

Fastening the inertia reel seat belts

H3715

Pull the belt over the shoulder and across the

chest and, ensuring that the webbing is not
twisted, insert the metal tongue plate into the
buckle nearest the wearer - a ‘CLICK’ indicates
that the belt is securely locked.
Seat belts are designed to bear upon the bony
structure of the body (pelvis, chest and
H3716
shoulders) and can only be worn safely with the
seats in a normal upright position - DO NOT To adjust, pull the slider along the belt and feed
allow front seat occupants to travel with the the webbing through the buckle until the belt is
seat steeply reclined. comfortably tight. Then, insert the metal tongue
NOTE: In some circumstances, perhaps due to plate into the buckle nearest the wearer - a
the vehicle being on a slope, the automatic ‘CLICK’ indicates that the belt is securely
locking mechanism may engage, preventing the locked. When not in use, the lap belts should be
initial extension of the belt. This is not a fault - fastened.
ease the belt free and use it.

28
 Seat Belts
CARING FOR SEAT BELTS
Regularly inspect the belt webbing for signs of
fraying, cuts and wear; also pay particular
attention to the condition of the fixing points
and adjusters.
DO NOT bleach or dye the webbing and avoid
contaminating the webbing with polish, oil or
chemicals (see ‘CLEANING THE INTERIOR’,
page 122).

Testing inertia reel belts

• With the seat belt fastened, give the
webbing near the buckle a quick upward
pull. The buckle must remain securely
locked.
• With the seat belt unfastened, unreel the
webbing to the limit of its travel. Check that
unreeling is free from snatches and snags
and then allow the belt to FULLY retract.
• Partially unreel the webbing, then hold the
tongue plate and give it a quick forward pull.
The mechanism must lock automatically
and prevent any further unreeling.
If a seat belt should fail any of these tests,
contact your dealer immediately.

WARNING
Always replace a seat belt that shows signs of
webbing damage or has withstood the strain
of a severe vehicle impact.

29
 Child Restraints
CHILD SAFETY SEATS NOTE: Accident statistics show that children
Child Restraints

Seat belts fitted to your vehicle are designed for are safer when properly secured in the rear
adults and larger children. For their safety, it is seating positions than in the front. However, if
very important that all infants and young a child seat suitable for the size of the child is
children are restrained in a suitable child safety available and it is necessary for the child to
seat appropriate to their age and size (see table travel in the front, set the seat fully rearwards
below). Child safety seats approved for use in and only use an approved child seat.
your vehicle are available from Land Rover
dealers.
Only fit a child safety seat of a type approved for
the specific seating positions in your vehicle
(see table), and ensure the seat manufacturer’s
fitting instructions are followed exactly.

Defender 90 & 110 Station Wagons only

Mass Group Seating Positions

As indicated on child safety seat Front Front Rear Rear
packaging. Passenger Outboard
Centre* † Centre*†
0 = Up to 10 kg (0-9 months) U X U X
0+ = Up to 13 kg (0-2 years) U X U X
I = 9 to 18 kg (9 months - 4 years) U X U X
II & III =15 to 36 kg (4-12 years) U X U X
U = Suitable for ‘universal’ category restraints approved for this mass group.
X = Seat position not suitable for children in this mass group.
* = If fitted
† = Not suitable for the majority of child restraints which require a 3-point seatbelt for
attachment, however, a child restraint may be used in these positions provided that it is
specifically designed and sold for use with a 2-point seatbelt.

NOTE: The side facing folding or fixed bench

seats fitted in the load carrying area of some
vehicles, are not suitable for fitting child safety
seats.

30
 Door Mirrors
EXTERIOR MIRRORS Positioning the mirror for towing
Doo r Mirrors

NOTE: Objects viewed in exterior mirrors may

appear further away than they actually are.

Manually adjustable mirrors

H3652

To improve rear visibility when towing, the

H3650 mirrors can be folded outwards (see
illustration), so that the mirror stem is at 90º to
Move the mirror glass to the required position. the side of the vehicle, increasing the field of
vision.
Folding the mirror body

H3651

The door mirrors are designed to fold forwards

or rearwards on impact. They can also be folded
back towards the side windows into a ‘park’
position to enable the vehicle to negotiate
narrower openings.

31
 Instruments
INSTRUMENT PANEL
Instruments

2 1 5 6 7

12
50 70
100
80 km/h 120
9 3
60
30 140 90
40
6
160
20

10 0
180 110
ABS TC

0
mph 120
km/h

H3722 4 3 8

1. Speedometer 6. Temperature gauge

Indicates road speed in miles per hour and/or Once the engine coolant has reached its normal
kilometres per hour. operating temperature, the pointer should
remain between the BLUE and RED segments.
2. Anti-theft alarm indicator light
Indicates the status of the alarm system (see If the pointer moves towards the RED segment,
‘Anti-theft alarm indicator light’, page 13). this indicates that the engine coolant is
becoming too hot. Should the pointer move
3. Total distance (odometer) and trip recorder
INTO the RED segment, severe engine damage
Indicates the total distance or the individual
could occur. In this case, stop the vehicle as
journey distance travelled by the vehicle.
soon as safety permits and allow the engine to
4. Trip recorder reset button idle for five minutes in order to cool down - DO
Briefly press and release the button to change NOT SWITCH OFF. Seek qualified assistance
the digital display between either the total before continuing.
distance travelled, or the individual journey
7. Clock
distance. Press and hold the button to reset the
For further information on setting the time on
trip recorder to zero.
the clock, see ‘CLOCK’, page 51.
5. Fuel gauge
8. Warning lights
The pointer indicates the fuel level when the
For further information on the functionality of
starter switch is turned to position ‘II’.
the warning lights, see ‘WARNING LIGHTS’,
NOTE: When the fuel remaining drops to a page 33.
minimum of 2 gallons (9 litres), the low fuel
warning light will illuminate (see ‘WARNING
LIGHTS’, page 33).

32
 Warning Lights
WARNING LIGHTS
Warning Lights

ABS TC

120
km/h

H3723

The location and specification of the warning
lights may vary according to model and market
requirements.
WARNING
DO NOT drive if a RED warning light remains
on once the engine is running or illuminates
whilst driving.
Check engine - AMBER*
The light illuminates as a bulb and
system check when the starter
switch is turned on, and
extinguishes as soon as the engine is started.
Illumination at any other time indicates an
engine fault - if the light illuminates while
driving, avoid high speeds and seek qualified
assistance urgently.
Glow plug - AMBER
Illuminates when the starter switch
is turned to position ‘II’. Wait for
the light to extinguish before
starting the engine.
Low oil pressure - RED
The light illuminates as a bulb
check when the starter switch is
turned to position ‘II’ and
extinguishes when the engine is started. If the
light remains on, flashes on and off, or
illuminates whilst driving, stop the vehicle as
soon as safety permits and SWITCH OFF
THE ENGINE IMMEDIATELY. Seek qualified
assistance before driving. Always check the oil
level when this light illuminates.
Direction indicators - GREEN
The left or right warning light
flashes in time with the
corresponding left or right
direction indicator lights whenever they are
operated. If the warning light fails to flash, or
flashes very rapidly, this may indicate a bulb
failure in one of the direction indicator lights.
If the hazard switch is pressed, both warning
lights will flash in conjunction with the direction
indicator lights.
Battery charging - RED
The light illuminates as a bulb
check when the starter switch
is turned to position ‘II’ and
extinguishes once the engine is running. If it
remains on, or illuminates whilst driving, a fault
is indicated. Seek qualified assistance urgently.

33
 Warning Lights
Headlight main beam - BLUE
Illuminates when the headlights
are switched to main beam.
Low fuel - AMBER
Illuminates when the fuel
remaining in the tank drops to a
minimum of 2 gallons (9 litres). If
the light illuminates, refuel at the first
opportunity.
Handbrake, brake fluid - RED
The light illuminates for about 3
seconds as a bulb check when the
starter switch is turned on. It also
illuminates when the handbrake is applied with
the starter switch in position ‘II’. The light
should extinguish when the handbrake is fully
released or shortly after the electrical circuits
are switched on. If the light illuminates whilst
driving, a fault with the braking system is
indicated. Stop the vehicle as soon as safety
permits and seek qualified assistance before
continuing.
Anti-lock braking system - AMBER*
Illuminates for approximately 1
second as a bulb and system check
when the starter switch is turned to
position ‘II’, and briefly extinguishes before
coming on again. If the light does not
extinguish and then come on again, then a fault
occurred with the ABS system and you should
consult a qualified dealer at the earliest
opportunity. The warning light will remain on
until the vehicle is driven above approximately
5 mph (7 km/h).
If the light remains on or subsequently
illuminates while driving, a fault has been
detected by the self monitoring system. This
means that full ABS control may not be
available and you should consult your dealer at
the earliest opportunity.
34
Traction Control - AMBER*
Illuminates as a bulb check when
the starter switch is turned to
position ‘II’ and extinguishes after
approximately 3 seconds. The light illuminates
for a minimum of 2 seconds, whenever traction
control is operating.
If the warning light flashes (for at least 10
seconds) traction control has been operating
for too long and has temporarily shut down to
allow the system to cool - this will only occur in
extreme conditions.
If the light illuminates continuously, a fault with
the system is indicated; seek qualified
assistance.
Rear fog guard lights - AMBER
Illuminates whenever the rear fog
guard lights are on.
NOTE: In clear conditions, rear fog guard lights
can dazzle other road users. Use ONLY when
visibility is severely restricted.
Engine immobilisation - RED
Flashes during any attempt to start
the engine when the engine is
immobilised.
Heated rear screen - AMBER
Illuminates when the rear screen
heater is operating.
Differential lock - RED
Illuminates whenever the
differential is locked. If the light
remains on after the differential
lock is disengaged, transmission ‘wind-up’ may
be present. Reversing for a short distance and
then going forward will usually ‘unwind’ the
transmission. If the light remains on, contact
your dealer as soon as possible.
 Warning Lights
Hazard warning lights - RED Fuel filter - AMBER *
Illuminates in conjunction with the Illuminates as a bulb check when
direction indicator warning lights, the starter switch is turned to
when the hazard warning lights are position ‘II’ and extinguishes after
operated. 3 seconds approximately. If the light
illuminates while driving, this indicates the
Trailer direction indicators - GREEN presence of excessive amounts of water in the
The light illuminates briefly as a fuel. You may continue driving but should seek
bulb check when the starter switch qualified assistance at the earliest convenient
is turned to position ‘II’. If a trailer time.
is attached, the light illuminates in conjunction
with the vehicle direction indicator lights to
show that all trailer indicator lights are
functioning correctly. In the event of a bulb
failure on the trailer, the warning light flashes
once and then remains off.

Sidelights - GREEN
Illuminates whenever the sidelights
are on.

Transmission oil temperature - RED*

Illuminates as a bulb check when
the starter switch is turned to
position ‘II’ and extinguishes after
3 seconds approx. If the light illuminates while
driving, the gearbox oil temperature is too high
(most likely to occur in very hot weather during
continuous high speed driving, or whilst towing
heavy loads on steep inclines or if the
handbrake has been applied while driving).
If the light illuminates, reduce speed. If the light
remains on, stop the vehicle and allow the
gearbox to cool. Do not drive until the light has
extinguished. (Depending on the ambient
temperature and the carrying loads imposed on
the vehicle, it may take several minutes before
the light extinguishes and it is safe to drive).

35
 Lights & Indicators
DIRECTION INDICATORS
L ig hts & Indicators
H3629
Move the lever DOWN to indicate a LEFT turn,
and UP to indicate a RIGHT turn (the
appropriate GREEN warning light on the
instrument panel will flash in time with the
direction indicators).
Hold the lever part-way up or down against
spring pressure to indicate a lane change.
36
LIGHTS
0
1
2
H3632
Side, tail and instrument panel lights
Push the lighting switch to position 1.
Headlights
Push the lighting switch to position 2.
Headlight main and dipped beams
H3630
With the headlights switched on, push the lever
away from the steering wheel to change
headlight beams (BLUE warning light glows
when the headlights are on main beam).
To flash the headlights, pull the lever part way
towards the steering wheel and release.
 Lights & Indicators
Headlight levelling*
Position Loading Condition
0 Driver, or driver and front
passenger only
(loadspace empty).
1 All seats occupied
(loadspace empty)
2 All seats occupied with
loadspace loaded to max.
permissible rear axle weight.
H3669 3 Driver only with loadspace
loaded to max. permissible
The angle of the headlight beams is affected by
rear axle weight.
the distribution of weight inside the vehicle. The
headlights should be adjusted so that the point
at which the beams meet the road surface Vehicles fitted with front seats only
ahead of the vehicle provides adequate Positions ‘1’ and ‘2’ should only be used when
illumination without dazzling other road users. required, according to the distribution and
weight of the load being carried.
The four-position switch should be used to
adjust the headlight beams in relation to the
vehicle loadings identified opposite.

37
 Lights & Indicators
FOG LIGHTS HAZARD WARNING LIGHTS

H3732 H3733

Press to operate; all the direction

Rear fog guard lights indicator lights (including those
Press to operate, press a second fitted to a trailer) will flash
time to switch off (the indicator together. Use ONLY in an emergency to warn
light in the switch illuminates when other road users when your stationary vehicle
the fog guard lights are switched on). The rear is causing an obstruction, or is in a hazardous
fog guard lights illuminate ONLY when the situation. Remember to switch off before
headlights are also switched on, and the starter moving away.
switch is turned to position ‘II’. Switching off
the headlights, or turning the starter switch to
position ‘0’, will automatically extinguish the
rear fog guard lights too (the fog guard lights
will not illuminate again unless selected
manually).
ALWAYS remember to switch the fog guard
lights off as soon as visibility permits; in clear
conditions fog guard lights can dazzle other
road users!

38
 Wipers & Washers
OPERATING WINDSCREEN WIPERS
Wipers & Washers

The wipers and washers will only operate when

the starter switch is turned to position ‘I’ or ‘II’.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
• DO NOT operate the wipers on a dry
screen.
• In freezing or very hot conditions,
ensure that the blades are not frozen or
stuck to the glass.
• In winter, remove any snow or ice from
around the arms and blades, including
the wiped area of the windscreen and H3627
the heater air intakes.
Intermittent wipe
Pull lever down.
NOTE: If the wiper blades have stuck to the
glass, a thermal cut-out may temporarily Normal speed wipe
prevent the wiper motor from operating. If this Push lever up to first position.
is the case, switch the wipers off, free them
Fast speed wipe
from the obstruction and then switch on again.
Push lever up to second position.
Single wipe

H3626

Push the lever up against spring pressure and

release immediately.
NOTE: With the lever held up, the wipers will
continue operating at slow speed until it is
released.

39
 Wipers & Washers
WINDSCREEN WASHER REAR WINDOW WIPER AND WASHER

H3628

Press to operate. The windscreen wipers will

operate in conjunction with the washers for as
long as the lever pressed, the wipers continuing
for a further 4 seconds after the lever is
H3731
released.
Rear window wiper
Press to operate: the wiper
operates continuously until the
switch is pressed again.

Rear window washer

Press and hold switch for the
required duration of window
washing. Washing stops as soon
as the switch is released.

40
 Horn
HORN
Horn

H3631

Press the end of the lever to operate the horn.

41
 Manual Windows
FRONT AND REAR WINDOWS
Manual Win dows

Raise or lower the window by rotating the

handle mounted on the door trim pad.

SLIDING REAR WINDOWS*

H3609

To open, press the catch tongues together,

slide the window to the desired position and
release the catch, ensuring that it locates
securely in the sockets, locking the window in
position.

42
 Electric Windows
ELECTRIC WINDOWS
Electric Windo ws

WARNING
Accidental closing of an electrically operated
window on fingers, hands or any vulnerable
part of the body, can result in serious injury.
Always observe the following precautions:
ENSURE children are kept clear whilst raising
or lowering windows.
ENSURE that all adult passengers are familiar
with the controls and the potential dangers of
electrically operated windows.

H3730

Operating the windows

The electric windows can be operated when the
starter switch is at position ‘II’ by pressing the
switches on the centre console as follows:
Press and HOLD the bottom of a switch to lower
and the top of a switch to raise. The window will
stop moving as soon as the switch is released.

43
 Sunroof
SUNROOF* To remove the sunroof
Sunroo f

OPEN

OPEN

H3613 H3612

The sunroof can be opened to varying degrees Open the sunroof fully and push the catch
or, if required, can be removed completely. rearwards (as arrowed in illustration) to
• To OPEN the roof: Turn the hand wheel disengage the handwheel mechanism.
anti-clockwise to give the desired opening.
• To CLOSE the roof: Turn the hand wheel
clockwise until resistance is felt.

WARNING
ENSURE the sunroof is not obstructed when
opening or closing.
DO NOT allow passengers to extend any part
of their bodies through the sunroof aperture
while the vehicle is moving - injury from H3600

flying debris, branches of trees or other

Remove the sunroof by tilting upwards and
obstructions could occur.
lifting rearwards to disengage the two locating
ALWAYS close the roof when the vehicle is lugs.
unattended.
WARNING
DO NOT store the sunroof loose in the vehicle.
DO NOT remove the sunroof whilst the vehicle
is moving.

Refit the sunroof by following the same

procedure in reverse.

44
 Heating & Ventilation
VENTILATION
Heating & Ventilation

12
50 70
100
80 km/h 120
9 3
60
30 140 90
40
6
160
20

10 0
180 110

0
mph
LAND -
- ROVER

H3758

The ventilation system provides fresh or heated Fresh air vents

air to the interior of the vehicle.
NOTE: Always keep the exterior air intake grilles
clear of obstructions such as leaves, snow or
ice.
The temperature of the air supplied to the
windscreen and foot level vents is controlled by
the heater, while the fresh air vents in the upper
fascia provide fresh air only. The location of the
vents is shown in the illustration above.
Information concerning the operation of the
heating and ventilation system, appears on the H3719

following pages. To open the vents in the upper fascia, pull one
of both knobs out and push the levers
downwards. To close the vents, pull the knobs
out and raise the levers.
These vents provide unheated fresh air only.

45
 Heating & Ventilation
HEATER CONTROLS

3 2

1
H3676

NOTE: For vehicles fitted with an air 3. Air blower control

conditioning system, the controls and air • Lever at position ‘0’ - no air will enter the
conditioning vents are described on a later page vehicle through the windscreen and foot
(see ‘AIR CONDITIONING CONTROLS*’, level vents.
page 48).
• Lever between positions ‘0’ and ‘1’ -
progressively more air will enter the vehicle,
1. Temperature control
depending solely on the ram effect of the
Move the lever downwards (towards the RED
vehicle moving through the air.
arrow) to increase air temperature, or upwards
(towards the BLUE arrow) to reduce air • Lever between positions ‘1’ and ‘2’ - the fan
temperature. will operate and progressively increase in
speed.
2. Air distribution control
• Lever fully up - windscreen vents only.
• Lever midway - foot level and windscreen
vents.
• Lever fully down - foot level vents (also
provides some air to the windscreen).

46
 Heating & Ventilation
USING YOUR HEATER Demisting and defrosting
The following examples of basic heater settings
are intended as a general guide; the air
distribution, temperature and blower controls
can then be further adjusted to suit your
comfort requirements.
Always remember that full heating is not
available until the engine has reached its
normal operating temperature.
H3678
Maximum heating
• Temperature control - fully down.
• Distribution control - fully up.
• Air blower control - fully down.
• Fresh air vents - fully open for demisting
(fully closed for defrosting).
• Opening a window may improve demisting.

Maximum ventilation
H3677

• Temperature control - fully down.

• Distribution control - midway.
• Air blower control - fully down.
• Fresh air vents - fully closed.

H3679

• Temperature control - fully up.

• Distribution control - fully down.
• Air blower control - fully down.
• Fresh air vents - fully open.

47
 Air Conditioning
AIR CONDITIONING CONTROLS* Air conditioning vents
Air Co nditioning

2 1
H3684
1. On/off blower control
Rotate clockwise to the first position to turn on
the air conditioning. Rotate further (positions II
and III) to increase the flow of conditioned air
from the four vents in the lower fascia.
NOTE: The air conditioning will only operate
with the engine running.
2. Temperature control
Rotate clockwise (positions I to III) to obtain
progressively cooler air.
H3756
The four air conditioning vents located in the
lower fascia can be adjusted to suit your
requirements. The adjuster in the centre of each
vent can be used to adjust volume and direction
of air. To cut off the supply of air from any
particular vent, slide the adjuster fully to the
left.
General operating notes
• For optimum operating efficiency, ensure all
the air conditioning vents are open.
• In very humid conditions, slight screen
misting may be experienced when the air
conditioning system is turned on. This is a
natural occurrence on most automotive air
conditioning systems. It is not a fault and
misting will clear after a few seconds once
the air conditioning system is operating.
• If the temperature inside the vehicle is
higher than that outside when you start the
engine, it will take time for the air
conditioning to become fully effective. It is
best to ventilate the vehicle by opening the
windows and setting the controls to
‘Maximum cooling’. When the vehicle has
been ventilated, close the windows and set
the blower controls for personal comfort.
• Operating the air conditioning takes power
from the engine and consequently increases
fuel consumption.

48
 Air Conditioning
• All air conditioning systems need to be Normal cooling
operated for a short while every week (even
in winter) to maintain them in peak
condition.
• Surplus water produced by the
dehumidifying process is expelled from the
system via drain tubes beneath the vehicle.
This may result in a small pool of water
forming on the road when the vehicle is
H3688
stationary and is not a cause for concern.
Temperature control - set to positions I or II.
USING THE AIR CONDITIONING
Air conditioning provides additional cooling to Blower control - set to desired speed.
the vehicle interior and also reduces the
moisture content of the air. Maximum cooling

It is important to keep windows, sunroof* and

fresh air vents closed during operation.

Air conditioning settings

H3690

Temperature control - set to position III.

Blower control - set to position III.

H3687

When air conditioning is to be used, ensure that

the fresh air vents are closed, and the heater
unit controls are set as shown, i.e.
Air blower control - position ‘0’.
Temperature control - fully up.
Distribution control - fully up.
The following examples of air conditioning
settings are included for your guidance.

49
 Heated Screens
HEATED FRONT SCREEN AND REAR
H eated Screens

WARNING
WINDOW
DO NOT stick labels over the heating
elements, and DO NOT scrape or use abrasive
materials to clean the inside of the window.

H3743

Heated front screen*

Press to operate (the indicator light
in the switch illuminates); press a
second time to switch off (the
indicator light extinguishes). After 8 minutes
continuous operation, the heater switches off
automatically. Note that the heated front screen
operates only with the engine running.

Heated rear window*

Press to operate; press a second
time to switch off. The indicator
light in the switch illuminates while
the heating elements are switched on and
extinguishes when they are turned off.

50
 Interior Equipment
INTERIOR LIGHTS CLOCK
In terior Eq uipment

OFF
12

9 3
ON

H2592
6

Switch positions:
• ‘OFF’ - Light permanently off.
• ‘ON’ - Light illuminates continuously.
With the switch in the centre position, the
interior light illuminates automatically H3625
whenever a door is opened or the alarm system
is disarmed. The light remains illuminated for To adjust the time, use a ballpoint pen or similar
15 seconds after the doors are closed, or until probe to advance or put back the time, by
the starter switch is turned on. pressing in the left or right hand buttons at the
bottom of the clock bezel.
NOTE: Any subsequent opening and shutting of
doors prior to the starter switch being turned NOTE: The clock will need to be reset if the
on again, will cause the 15 second delay feature battery is disconnected.
to operate.
On Station Wagon models, illumination of the
interior lights is also activated by opening and
closing the tail door.
After driving, the interior lights will fade and
then extinguish as soon as the vehicle is locked
or when the last door is closed.
NOTE: When the light is switched for automatic
operation (switch in centre position), a
‘time-out’ function extinguishes the lights after
8 minutes approx. if a door is left open, to
prevent the battery from discharging.

51
 Interior Equipment

H3727

CIGAR LIGHTER* ASHTRAY

With the starter switch turned on, press the
lighter in to heat up. When it has reached the
correct temperature it will partially eject and
can then be withdrawn for use.
• ONLY hold the cigar lighter by the handle.
• DO NOT plug accessories into the cigar
lighter socket unless they are approved by
Land Rover.
WARNING
DO NOT use the ashtray for disposing of waste
paper or other combustible items.
Lift the lid of the ashtray to open. To remove,
carefully prise the body of the ashtray out of the
fascia panel.

52
 Interior Equipment
CUBBY BOX INTERIOR REAR-VIEW MIRROR

H3649

3762
The manual rear view mirror can be dipped to
reduce glare from the headlights of following
Lift up the catch (see inset) to release the lid. vehicles. At night, move the lever at the base of
the mirror forward to ‘dip’ the mirror. Normal
visibility is restored by pulling the lever back
again.

WARNING
In some circumstances the view reflected in a
‘dipped’ manual mirror can confuse the driver
as to the precise location of following
vehicles. Remember to take additional care!

53
 Side & Rear Step
STEPS
Side & Rear Step

H3653
Rear step

H3660

Side steps

The side and tail door steps are hinged to

enable them to be folded down when in use, or
up when not required.

54
 In-Car Telephones
IN-CAR TELEPHONES
In -Car Telephon es

WARNING
Refrain from operating a telephone fitted with
its own aerial inside the vehicle (see main
text).

Your vehicle utilises a number of electronic

systems. These systems may be affected by the
use of mobile communication equipment inside
the vehicle. However, the use of an external
aerial will greatly reduce the likelihood of this
occurrence.
For your safety, always note the following
precautions before fitting or using an in-car
telephone, or any mobile communication
equipment.
• Only use an installation kit incorporating an
aerial external to the vehicle.
• Ensure that the installation is carried out by
a competent installer.
• Refrain from operating a mobile phone fitted
with its own aerial inside the vehicle - the
electromagnetic field radiated by the phone
may interfere with the vehicle's electrical
systems.

For your safety

WARNING
Using any hand-held appliance while driving
can be dangerous. Always stop the vehicle
before making a call and ensure the
telephone is switched off while you are
driving.

55
 In-Car Entertainment
RADIO AERIAL
In-Car Entertainment

H3673

Set into the front wing, the telescopic aerial can

be raised or lowered manually.

IN-CAR ENTERTAINMENT
Radio cassette player
Full operating instructions for any audio
equipment fitted as standard to your vehicle,
are contained in the ‘In-Car Entertainment’ book
in the vehicle literature pack.

56
Driving & Operating
Starting & Driving
STEERING COLUMN LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
STARTER SWITCH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
STARTING - Diesel engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
DRIVING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
FUEL ECONOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Catalytic Converter
CATALYTIC CONVERTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Fuel Filling
SAFETY ON THE FORECOURT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
FUEL FILLER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
TYPE OF FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
FUEL FILLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
EMPTY FUEL TANK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH (Td5 models). . . . . . . . . 68

Manual Gearbox
GEAR LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Transfer Gearbox
TRANSFER GEARBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
USING THE TRANSFER GEARBOX. . . . . . . . . . . . 70
THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Brakes
FOOT BRAKE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
HANDBRAKE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
ANTI-LOCK BRAKES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Traction Control
ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . 76

Towing
TOWING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Load Carrying
LUGGAGE SPACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
ROOF RACKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Ancillary Equipment
WINCHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
POWER TAKE-OFF DRIVES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
HAND THROTTLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

58
 Starting & Driving
Driving & Operating
STEERING COLUMN LOCK
Starting & Driving
H3584
To unlock the steering column
Insert the key FULLY and turn the starter switch
to position ‘I’. A small movement of the steering
wheel may be necessary to disengage the
steering lock while turning the switch.
To lock the steering column
Turn the key to position ‘0’ and withdraw it
from the starter switch. Turn the steering wheel
slightly until the lock engages.
WARNING
Once the steering lock is engaged, it is
impossible to steer the vehicle. DO NOT
remove the key or turn the starter switch to
position ‘0’ while the vehicle is in motion.
59
STARTER SWITCH
The starter switch is located to the left of the
steering column, and uses the following
sequence of key positions to operate the
steering lock, electrical circuits and starter
motor:
Position ‘0’
• Steering locked (if key is removed).
• Most lighting circuits are operational,
including: sidelights, headlights, hazard
warning and rear fog guard lights.
Position ‘I’
• Steering unlocked.
• Radio/cassette player can be operated.
Position ‘II’
• All instruments, warning lights and
electrical circuits are operational.
Position ‘III’
• Starter motor operates.
Release the key immediately the engine
starts (the key will automatically return to
position ‘II’). Note that operation of position
‘I’ electrical functions will be interrupted
during engine cranking.
 Starting & Driving
STARTING - Diesel engines In cold weather, or when the battery is in a low
state of charge, depress the clutch pedal while
WARNING starting and hold it down until the engine is
Never start or leave the engine running in an running. This will reduce the load on the
unventilated building - exhaust gases are battery.
poisonous and contain carbon monoxide, Precautions
which can cause unconsciousness and may • The diesel engine must not be run above
even be fatal. idle speed until the oil pressure warning
light extinguishes. This will ensure that
1. Check that the handbrake is applied and the engine and turbo-charger bearings are
that the gear lever is in neutral. properly lubricated before being run at
2. Switch off all unnecessary electrical speed.
equipment. • Similarly, ALWAYS allow the engine to
3. Insert the starter key and turn the switch idle for 10 seconds before switching off.
to position ‘II’. Wait until the glow plug
warning light extinguishes. Cold climates
NOTE: The waiting time will vary In very cold climates the oil pressure warning
according to the engine coolant light may take several seconds to extinguish.
temperature (when the engine is hot, the Similarly, engine cranking times will also
glow plug warning light will extinguish increase; at -22°F (-30°C) the starter motor
almost immediately). may need to be operated continuously for as
4. Turn the key to position ‘III’ to operate the long as 30 seconds before the engine will start.
starter motor. DO NOT press the For this reason, ensure that all non-essential
accelerator pedal while starting. RELEASE electrical equipment is switched off.
THE KEY as soon as the engine is running.
If the engine stalls or fails to start, you MUST
return the starter switch to position ‘I’ before
attempting to restart; the engine will not start by
turning the starter switch from position ‘II’.
In temperate climates DO NOT operate the
starter for longer than 10 seconds. If the engine
fails to start, switch off and wait 10 seconds
before re-using the starter.
NOTE: Continued use of the starter will not only
discharge the battery, but may cause damage to
the starter motor.
NOTE: In temperate climates, the battery
charging and oil pressure warning lights should
extinguish as soon as the engine is running.

60
 Starting & Driving
DRIVING
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Vehicle stability
Your vehicle has a higher ground clearance
and, hence, a higher centre of gravity than
ordinary passenger cars to enable the
vehicle to perform in a wide variety of
different off-road applications. An
advantage of the higher ground clearance
is a better view of the road, allowing the
driver to more easily anticipate problems.
Inexperienced drivers should take
additional care, remembering that the
vehicle is not designed for cornering at the
same speeds as conventional passenger
cars, any more than a low slung sports car
is designed to perform satisfactorily in
off-road conditions. As with other vehicles
of this type, failure to operate the vehicle
correctly may result in loss of control or
even rollover.
Vehicle height
The overall height of your vehicle exceeds
that of ordinary passenger cars. Always be
aware of the height of your vehicle and
check the available headroom before
driving through low entrances. This is
particularly important if the vehicle is fitted
with a roof rack or if a sunroof is open.
Instruments and warning lights
Before driving it is important to fully
understand the function of the instruments and
warning lights (see ‘INSTRUMENT PANEL’,
page 32).
NOTE: Red warning lights are of particular
importance, illumination indicating that a fault
exists. If a red light illuminates, always stop the
vehicle and seek qualified assistance before
continuing.
61
Warming-up
DO NOT warm-up the engine by allowing it to
idle at a slow speed.
In the interests of fuel economy, it is advisable
to drive the vehicle straight away, remembering
that harsh acceleration and labouring the
engine before the normal operating
temperature has been reached can damage the
engine.
Running-in
Proper running-in will have a direct bearing on
the reliability and smooth running of your
vehicle throughout its life.
In particular, the engine, gearbox, brakes and
tyres need time to ‘bed-in’ and adjust to the
demands of everyday motoring. During the first
500 miles (800 km), it is essential to drive with
consideration for the running-in process and
heed the following advice:
• LIMIT maximum road speed to 50 mph
(80 km/h). Initially, drive the vehicle on a
light throttle and only increase engine
speeds gradually once the running-in
distance has been completed.
• DO NOT operate at full throttle or allow the
engine to labour in any gear.
• AVOID fast acceleration and heavy braking
except in emergencies.
 Starting & Driving
Power assisted steering
Power assistance is progressively applied the
more the steering wheel is turned. For example;
where manual steering effort would normally be
greatest (at slow speeds on maximum lock),
power assistance is greatest. Similarly, where
only minimal steering effort would normally be
required (at high speed with the wheels straight
ahead), then power assistance is also minimal,
thus enabling the driver to benefit from
apparently consistent steering effort at all
times.
WARNING
Under no circumstances must the steering
wheel be held on full lock for more than thirty
seconds in one minute, otherwise the
steering assembly may be damaged.
NOTE: Power assistance is dependent on the
engine running. If the engine is not running,
greater effort will be required to steer the
vehicle.
62
FUEL ECONOMY
Fuel consumption is influenced by two major
factors:
• How your vehicle is maintained.
• How you drive your vehicle.
To obtain optimum fuel economy, it is essential
that your vehicle is maintained in accordance
with the manufacturer's service schedule.
Items such as the condition of the air cleaner
element, tyre pressures and wheel alignment
will have a significant effect on fuel
consumption. But, above all, the way in which
you drive is most important. The following hints
may help you to obtain better value from your
motoring:
• Avoid unnecessary, short, start-stop
journeys.
• Avoid fast starts by accelerating gently and
smoothly from rest.
• Do not drive in the lower gears for longer
than necessary.
• Decelerate gently and avoid sudden and
heavy braking.
• Anticipate obstructions and adjust your
speed accordingly well in advance.
• When stationary in traffic, select neutral to
improve fuel economy and air conditioning
performance.
 Starting & Driving
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
WARNING
DO NOT use auxiliary equipment, such as
roller generators, that are driven by one
wheel of the vehicle, as they could cause
failure of the gearbox differential. If the
differential lock is engaged in an attempt to
avoid damage, the vehicle will drive itself
forward.
63
EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM
WARNING
Exhaust fumes contain poisonous substances
which can cause unconsciousness and may
even be fatal.
• DO NOT inhale exhaust gases.
• DO NOT start or leave the engine running
in an enclosed unventilated area, or drive
with the taildoor open.
• DO NOT modify the exhaust system from
the original design.
• ALWAYS repair exhaust system leaks
immediately.
• If you think exhaust fumes are entering the
vehicle have the cause determined and
corrected immediately.
Land Rover vehicles are fitted with emission
and evaporative control equipment necessary
to meet a number of territorial requirements.
In many countries it is against the law for
vehicle owners to modify or tamper with
emission control equipment, or to sanction the
unauthorised replacement or modification of
this equipment. In such cases the vehicle owner
and the repairer may both be liable for legal
penalties.
It is important to remember that all Land Rover
dealers are properly equipped to perform
repairs and to maintain the emission control
system on your vehicle.
 Catalytic Converter
CATALYTIC CONVERTER*
Catalytic Converter
The exhaust system on some vehicles
incorporates a catalytic converter, which
converts poisonous exhaust emissions from
the engine into environmentally less harmful
gases.
WARNING
Catalytic converters can be easily damaged
through improper use, particularly if the
wrong fuel is used, or if an engine misfire
occurs. For this reason it is VERY IMPORTANT
that you heed the precautions which follow.
Fuel
ONLY use fuel recommended for your vehicle
(see ‘TYPE OF FUEL’, page 66).
Starting the engine
• DO NOT continue to operate the starter after
a few failed attempts (unburnt fuel may be
drawn into the exhaust system, thereby
poisoning the catalyst), and do not attempt
to clear a misfire by pressing the accelerator
pedal - seek qualified assistance.
• When starting a COLD engine, DO NOT drive
if a misfire is suspected and do not attempt
to clear a misfire by pressing the accelerator
- seek qualified assistance.
• Do not attempt to push or tow-start the
vehicle.
Driving
• If a misfire is suspected, or the vehicle lacks
power while driving, provided the engine
has reached its normal operating
temperature, it may be driven SLOWLY (at
risk of catalyst damage) to a Land Rover
dealer for assistance.
64
• NEVER allow the vehicle to run out of fuel
(the resultant misfire could damage the
catalyst).
• Consult your dealer if your vehicle is
burning excessive oil (blue smoke from the
exhaust), as this will progressively reduce
catalyst efficiency.
• On rough terrain do not allow the underside
of the vehicle to be subjected to heavy
impacts which could damage the catalytic
converter.
• DO NOT overload or excessively ‘rev’ the
engine.
• DO NOT switch off the engine when the
vehicle is in motion with a drive gear
selected.
WARNING
Exhaust system temperatures can be
extremely high - DO NOT park on ground
where combustible materials such as dry
grass or leaves could come into contact with
the exhaust system - in dry weather a fire
could result.
Vehicle maintenance
Any engine misfire, loss of engine performance
or engine run-on, could seriously damage the
catalytic converter. For this reason, it is vital
that unqualified persons do not tamper with the
engine, and that regular systematic
maintenance is carried out by a Land Rover
dealer.
 Fuel Filling
SAFETY ON THE FORECOURT
Fuel Filling

WARNING
Petroleum gases are highly inflammable and,
in confined spaces, are also extremely
explosive.

Always take sensible precautions when

refuelling:
• Switch off the engine.
• Do not smoke or use a naked flame or light,
or operate a mobile phone.
• Take care not to spill fuel.
• Do not overfill the tank.
H3637

The fuel filler is located in the rear right-hand

FUEL FILLER body side. To unlock the fuel cap:
1. Insert the smaller metal key and turn it 90
WARNING degrees clockwise.
DO NOT fully remove the filler cap until any 2. Turn the key 90 degrees anti-clockwise
captive tank pressure has been released (wait and then remove.
until the hissing stops).
The cap should then be unscrewed gradually,
as it is designed to allow the fuel tank to vent
during the first half turn. Carefully loosen the
cap one half turn until resistance is felt, and
allow fuel tank pressure to be released. Once
the pressure is released (hissing has stopped),
it is safe to fully remove the filler cap.

65
 Fuel Filling
H3638
When replacing, ensure that the key is removed
from the lock, then tighten the cap clockwise
until you hear the fuel cap ratchet click at least
three times. This locks the cap (the key is not
needed). Finally, reposition the key cover over
the lock.
66
TYPE OF FUEL
Use diesel or automotive gas oil (AGO) to
EN 590.
The quality of diesel fuel (Derv) can vary in
different countries and only clean, good quality
fuel should be used. It is important that the
sulphur content of diesel fuel does not exceed
0.3%; in Europe all supplies should be within
this limit, but in other parts of the world, you
should check with your supplier.
Ensure the fuel filter element is changed and the
fuel sedimenter drained, at the recommended
service intervals.
If good quality diesel fuel is unavailable and it is
necessary to use poor quality fuel, it may be
necessary to have the fuel filter/sedimenter
drained regularly.
NOTE: The use of paraffin (kerosene) as a diesel
fuel additive is illegal in the UK.
WARNING
If the fuel tank is accidentally filled with
petrol it is ESSENTIAL that you contact your
dealer BEFORE attempting to start the engine!
 Fuel Filling
FUEL FILLING
WARNING
DO NOT attempt to fill the tank to its maximum
capacity. If the vehicle is to be parked on a
slope, in direct sunlight, or high ambient
temperature, expansion of the fuel could
cause spillage.
Filling station pumps are equipped with
automatic cut-off sensing to avoid fuel spillage.
Fill the tank SLOWLY until the filler nozzle
automatically cuts-off the supply. DO NOT
attempt to fill the tank beyond this point or
spillage could result due to expansion of the
fuel.
The diesel pumps on garage forecourts fill at a
maximum of 45 litres (10 gallons) per minute.
Use of commercial vehicle diesel pumps with a
higher fill rate, may result in premature pump
cut-off and fuel spillage.
67
EMPTY FUEL TANK
Td5 diesel engine vehicles
After running the fuel tank dry, refuel the tank
with at least 1 gallon (4.5 litres) of diesel fuel,
then carry out the following procedure:
1. Turn off the starter switch and wait for 15
seconds.
2. Turn the starter key to position ‘II’ and wait
for 30 seconds.
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 six times.
4. After the final 30 second period, fully
depress the accelerator pedal.
5. Keeping the pedal depressed, start
cranking the engine.
6. Continue cranking the engine and as soon
as the engine is firing smoothly, ease the
accelerator pedal back to approximately
halfway through its travel, and release the
starter key. The engine should now be
running.
7. If the engine fails to start, repeat the
process.
During the above procedure, the fuel pump will
be heard to operate (priming the engine). This
noise is not cause for concern.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
The engine must NOT be cranked for more
than 20 seconds in any one period.
If the above procedure is carried out on a
vehicle that has NOT run out of fuel, it will
result in the engine flooding with fuel
and failing to start.
Tdi diesel engine vehicles*
If the vehicle runs out of fuel, then qualified
assistance may be required to prime the fuel
system before the engine can be restarted.
 Fuel Filling
FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH (Td5 models)

H3582

The fuel cut-off switch is a safety device which,

in the event of a collision or sudden impact,
automatically cuts off the fuel supply to the
engine.
The switch is located on the engine
compartment bulkhead. After an impact, the
switch must be reset by pressing the rubber top
(arrowed in illustration) before the engine can
be restarted.

WARNING
ALWAYS check for fuel leaks before resetting
the switch!

68
 Manual Gearbox
GEAR LEVER Precautions while driving
Manu al Gearbox

• DO NOT rest your hand on the gear lever

while driving - pressure from your hand
1 3 5
may cause premature wear to the gear
selector mechanism.
2 4 R • DO NOT use the clutch pedal as a foot rest.
To prevent unnecessary wear, always keep
the left foot well clear of the clutch pedal
except when changing gear.
• DO NOT hold the vehicle stationary on a hill
by slipping the clutch. This will wear out the
clutch. Always use the handbrake.

H3749

Manual transmission vehicles feature a five

speed main gearbox and a two-speed (LOW &
HIGH) transfer box. In addition, a centre
differential in the transfer box distributes the
drive to the front and rear axles, providing
permanent four wheel drive. By using the main
gearbox in conjunction with the transfer gears,
ten forward and two reverse speeds are
available.
The gear positions for the main gearbox are
shown on the gear lever knob. Note that when
the gearbox is in neutral, the gear lever is
spring-loaded to lie naturally between third and
fourth gear positions.

WARNING
Do not select reverse gear unless the vehicle
is stationary.
Do not attempt to start the engine with the
vehicle in gear. The engine must ONLT be
started with the main gear lever in neutral and
the handbrake applied.

69
 Transfer Gearbox
TRANSFER GEARBOX ‘Diff lock’ centre differential
T ransfer Gearbox

Use the ‘unlocked’ position for all normal

driving, and use the ‘diff lock’ position to
L
DIFF
improve traction in extreme conditions where
N wheel grip could be lost, such as; driving over
LOCK
H
wet grass, mud, sand, ice or snow. Return to
the ‘unlocked’ position as soon as dry, firm
ground is reached.
DO NOT use the ‘diff lock’ unnecessarily!

USING THE TRANSFER GEARBOX

H3607
The second gear lever is used to select either
the high or low range of gears in the transfer
gearbox and, in addition, also controls the
centre differential (known as the ‘Diff lock’).
With the vehicle stationary and the engine
running, depress the clutch and then move the
lever fully forward (or backwards) in TWO
distinct but positive moves - ‘high to neutral’....
‘neutral to low’ (or vice versa).
If there is resistance to the gear engaging, do
not force the lever. Instead, with the main lever
in gear, release the clutch momentarily and
then try again.

High range (‘H’)

The high range of gears should be used for all
normal road driving and also for off-road
driving across dry, level terrain.

Low range (‘L’)

Use low range gears when moving off from rest
when towing a heavy load, or in any situation
where low speed manoeuvring is necessary,
such as reversing a trailer or negotiating a
boulder strewn river bed; also use low range for
more extreme off-road conditions where
progress in high range cannot be maintained.
DO NOT attempt to use LOW range gears for
normal road driving.

Neutral (‘N’)
With the transfer lever in neutral, drive cannot
be transmitted to the road wheels, regardless of
the position of the main gear lever. Use transfer
neutral when being towed or when using
winching or power take off facilities.

70
 Transfer Gearbox
Changing from high to low on the move THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK
With the vehicle slowing to a stop and travelling
NO FASTER THAN 5 mph (8 km/h), depress the
clutch and push the transfer lever into neutral.
Just before the road wheels stop turning (and
with the clutch still depressed) push the lever
fully forward into ‘L’ (low).
NOTE: Use positive and confident moves, but
do not rush the gear change.

Changing from low to high on the move

Changing from ‘L’ (low) to ‘H’ (high) can be
achieved without stopping the vehicle, as
follows:
1. Apply slight backward pressure to the
transfer gear lever in preparation for
changing.
2. Then, in three simultaneous moves,
depress the clutch, release the accelerator
and pull the transfer lever into neutral.
3. Release the clutch pedal for approximately
3 seconds before depressing it again and
moving the transfer lever firmly into the
high position.
4. Finally, select a suitable main gear, release
the clutch and continue driving in the
normal way.
NOTE: After a little practice, this operation can
be carried out smoothly and quickly by using
firm, positive moves.
H3608
Unlike many four wheel drive vehicles, all Land
Rover vehicles have permanent four wheel
drive. This is achieved by the inclusion of a
lockable differential between the front and rear
drive shafts. With the differential locked, the
drive shafts to front and rear axles are (in effect)
joined together, causing both to rotate at the
same speed. This is a normal feature with all
four-wheel drive vehicles and enhances traction
on difficult off-road surfaces. However, with the
differential unlocked, the different running
requirements of the two axles can be
accommodated, thereby enabling Land Rover
vehicles to operate permanently in four wheel
drive for both road AND off-road use.

Selecting diff lock

The diff lock can be engaged or disengaged
either with the vehicle stationary, or when
driving at any road speed. However, with the
vehicle in motion, it is ESSENTIAL to be
travelling on firm ground, in a straight line, and
without wheel slip.

71
 Transfer Gearbox
Diff lock warning light
WARNING
The amber warning light in the
DO NOT engage the diff lock if one or more instrument panel illuminates when
wheels are slipping - this could damage the the diff lock is actually engaged -
transmission. If wheels are slipping, ease off rather than when it has been selected. Similarly,
the accelerator before engaging the diff lock. it will only extinguish when the diff lock is
DO NOT engage the diff lock from the transfer actually disengaged. This accounts for a slight
neutral position. delay between diff lock deselection and the
warning light extinguishing, which is quite
normal.
To lock the differential:
Briefly ease the throttle and move the transfer
gear lever to the left - from either ‘H’ (high) or IMPORTANT INFORMATION
‘L’ (low) position (the warning light on the Transmission ‘wind up’
instrument panel will illuminate). If the warning light is obviously reluctant to
extinguish after the diff lock has been
To unlock the differential:
deselected, some transmission ‘wind up’
Move the transfer gear lever to the right - to
may be present.
either ‘H’ (high) or ‘L’ (low) position as
Reversing the vehicle a short distance and
required; when the diff lock disengages, the
then going forward will usually ‘unwind’
warning light will extinguish.
the transmission and extinguish the light
and the vehicle can be driven as normal.
When to use the diff lock
However, if after two or three attempts to
As a general rule, the differential should only be
‘unwind’ the transmission the light remains
locked in order to drive off-road on loose and
on, consult your dealer AS SOON AS
slippery surfaces. ALWAYS unlock the
POSSIBLE.
differential for normal road driving or as soon
as a hard grippy surface is reached, whether
high or low gears are selected.
NOTE: A valuable introduction to off-road
driving, which includes many useful references
to the transfer gearbox and the diff lock, is
included in the ‘Off-road driving’ section of this
handbook.

WARNING
If the vehicle is driven on normal road
surfaces with the differential locked, the
steering will feel stiff, excessive tyre wear
will occur and the transmission will be
‘wound up’. This places excessive strain on
the transmission.

72
 Brakes
FOOT BRAKE
Brakes
For your safety, the hydraulic braking system
operates through dual circuits. If one circuit
should fail, the other will continue to function.
However, in the event of brake failure where
only one circuit is operational, the vehicle
should only be driven at slow speed to the
nearest qualified dealer. In these
circumstances, exercise extreme caution and
be aware that increased brake pedal travel,
greater pedal pressure, and longer stopping
distances will be experienced.
Servo assistance
The braking system is servo assisted, but ONLY
when the engine is running. Without this
assistance greater braking effort is necessary to
safely control the vehicle, resulting in longer
stopping distances. Always observe the
following precautions:
• NEVER allow the vehicle to freewheel with
the engine turned off.
• ALWAYS take particular care when being
towed with the engine turned off.
• If the engine should stop for any reason
while the vehicle is in motion, bring the
vehicle to a halt as quickly as traffic
conditions safely allow, and DO NOT pump
the brake pedal as the braking system may
lose any remaining assistance available.
Brake warning light
If the warning light in the
instrument panel illuminates
while driving, and the handbrake
is fully released, a fault with the braking system
is indicated. Check the brake fluid level; if the
light continues to illuminate, seek qualified
assistance before continuing.
73
Brake pads
Brake pads require a period of bedding in. For
the first 500 miles (800 km), you should avoid
situations where heavy braking is required.
Remember! regular servicing is vital to ensure
that the brake pads are examined for wear and
changed periodically to ensure long-term safety
and optimum performance.
WARNING
DO NOT rest your foot on the brake pedal
while travelling as this may overheat the
brakes, reduce their efficiency and cause
excessive wear.
NEVER move a vehicle without the engine
running because braking assistance will not
be available. The pedal brakes will still
function, but more pressure will be required
to operate them.
If the brake warning light should illuminate
while the vehicle is in motion, bring the
vehicle to a halt as quickly as traffic
conditions and safety permit and seek
qualified assistance before continuing.
DO NOT pump the brake pedal - the braking
system may lose any remaining servo
assistance available.
Wet conditions
Driving through water or even very heavy rain
may adversely affect braking efficiency. Always
dry the braking surfaces by intermittent light
application of the brakes, first ensuring that you
are at a safe distance from other road users.
 Brakes
HANDBRAKE
Unlike most other vehicles, the handbrake
operates on the rear propeller shaft, and NOT
on the road wheels. This may result in slight
movement of the vehicle after the handbrake is
applied.
To engage the handbrake, pull the lever up fully.
To release, pull the lever up slightly, depress
the button and lower the lever.
Always apply the handbrake fully whenever
you park.
When parking on a slope, do not rely on the
handbrake alone to hold the vehicle, park in a
low forward gear when facing uphill and in
reverse gear when facing downhill. For extra
security on steep slopes, move the transfer
lever into low range or engage the diff lock.
WARNING
DO NOT apply the handbrake while the
vehicle is in motion as this could result in loss
of vehicle control and damage to the
transmission.
DO NOT rely on the handbrake to operate
effectively if the vehicle has been subjected
to immersion in mud and water (see ‘Off-road
driving’ section).
74
ANTI-LOCK BRAKES*
WARNING
ABS cannot overcome the physical limitations
of stopping the vehicle in too short a distance,
cornering at too high a speed, or the danger of
aquaplaning, i.e. where a layer of water
prevents adequate contact between the tyres
and the road surface.
The fact that a vehicle is fitted with ABS must
never tempt the driver into taking risks that
could affect his/her safety or that of other road
users. In all cases, it remains the driver's
responsibility to drive within normal safety
margins, having due consideration for
prevailing weather and traffic conditions.
The driver should always take account of the
surface to be travelled over and the fact that
brake pedal reactions will be different to
those experienced on a non-ABS vehicle.
The purpose of the anti-lock braking system
(ABS) is to allow efficient braking without wheel
locking - thereby allowing the driver to retain
steering control of the vehicle.
Under normal braking conditions, (where
sufficient road surface friction exists to reliably
bring the vehicle to a halt without the wheels
locking), ABS will not be activated. However,
should the braking force exceed the available
adhesion between the tyres and the road
surface, then ABS will automatically come into
operation. This will be recognisable by a rapid
pulsation felt through the brake pedal.
 Brakes
In normal road use, in an emergency situation
full braking effort should always be applied
even when the road surface is slippery. The
anti-lock braking system constantly monitors
the speed of each wheel and varies braking
pressure to each, according to the amount of
traction available, thereby ensuring that the
wheels do not lock.
No matter how hard you brake, you should be
able to continue steering the vehicle as
NORMAL.
• DO NOT pump the brake pedal at any time;
this will interrupt operation of the system
and may increase braking distance.
• NEVER place additional floor matting or any
other obstruction under the brake pedal.
This restricts pedal travel and therefore
braking efficiency is impaired.
Warning light
The anti-lock braking system
incorporates a monitoring system,
which checks that all the electrical
components are in working order, as soon as
the starter switch is turned on and also at
frequent intervals during your journey.
The warning light on the instrument panel is an
important part of this system. The light should
illuminate for approximately 1 second as a bulb
and system check when the starter switch is
turned to position ‘II’ and briefly extinguish
before coming on again. If the light does not
extinguish and then illuminate again, a fault has
occurred with the ABS system and you should
consult with a Land Rover dealer at the earliest
opportunity.
The warning light will remain illuminated until
the vehicle is driven above approximately 5
mph (7 km/h).
75
If the light remains on, or illuminates while
driving, a fault has been detected by the self
monitoring system and full ABS control may
not be available - consult your dealer at the
earliest opportunity.
The normal braking system remains fully
operational and is not affected by partial or full
loss of the ABS. However, braking distances
may increase.
Off-road driving
While anti-lock braking is designed to operate
equally effectively in ‘off-road’ driving
conditions, on certain surfaces total reliance on
the system may be unwise - remember, in
normal circumstances, anti-lock braking
operates only AFTER the driver has already lost
control. It cannot reliably compensate for driver
error or inexperience on difficult off-road
surfaces.
Note the following:
• On soft or deep surfaces such as powdery
snow, sand or gravel, and on extremely
rough ground, the braking distance required
by the anti-lock braking system may be
greater than for normal braking, even
though improved steering would be
experienced. This is because the natural
action of locked wheels on soft surfaces is
to build up a wedge of surface material in
front which assists the wheels to stop.
• If the vehicle is stopped on a very steep
slope where little traction is available, it may
slide with the wheels locked because there
is no wheel rotation to signal movement to
the ABS. To counteract this, briefly release
the brakes to permit some wheel
movement, then re-apply the brakes to
allow ABS to gain control.
• Before driving off-road read and thoroughly
understand the ‘Off-road driving’ section of
this handbook.
 Traction Control
ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONTROL*
T raction Contro l

The purpose of electronic traction control is to

aid traction when one or more wheels are
spinning while others have good grip, e.g. if one
wheel is on ice and others are on tarmac. The
system works by applying the brake to a
spinning wheel in order to transfer torque to the
remaining wheels.
NOTE: Traction control can operate up to
speeds of 30 mph (50 km/h).

Warning light
The instrument panel has a traction
control warning (TC) which
illuminates for a minimum of 2
seconds whenever the system is active and also
illuminates as a bulb check (for approximately
4 seconds) when the starter switch is turned to
position ‘II’.
If there is a fault with the system, the warning
light will illuminate continuously and remain
illuminated when the vehicle is stopped, in
which case you should contact your dealer at
the earliest opportunity.
In the unlikely event that traction control
operates continuously for too long (in excess of
approximately 1 minute), then the control unit
shuts down to allow cooling and the warning
light flashes for at least 10 seconds.

76
 Towing
Towing
H3633
TOWING
The torque ranges of Land Rover engines allow
maximum-weight loads to be pulled smoothly
from standstill, and reduce gear changing on
hills or rough terrain. A smooth start will be
achieved with trailers over 4400 lb (2000 kg) by
moving off in low range then changing to high
range while on the move (see ‘TRANSFER
GEARBOX’, page 70).
The suspension is designed to cope with a
heavy trailer load without upsetting the balance
or feel of the vehicle.
WARNING
It is recommended that you fit only towing
accessories approved by Land Rover.
In the interest of safety, the gross vehicle
weight, maximum rear axle weight,
maximum trailer weight and tow hitch load
(nose weight) must not be exceeded.
If a NATO Hook or a Jaw and Pintle type
towing accessory is to be fitted to your
vehicle, DO NOT attach them directly to the
chassis rear cross-member - it is essential
that an adaptor plate kit (available from a
Land Rover dealer) is also fitted.
DO NOT use lashing eyes or vehicle recovery
towing eyes to tow a trailer or caravan.
77
It is the driver’s responsibility to ensure that the
towing vehicle and trailer/caravan are loaded
and balanced so that the combination is stable
when in motion. When preparing your vehicle
for towing, pay attention to any instructions
provided by the trailer/caravan manufacturer as
well as to the information that follows.
Balancing the combination
To ensure optimum stability, it is essential that
the trailer adopts a level aspect. In other words,
the trailer must be level with the ground, with
the towing hitch and trailer drawbar set at the
same height (note the illustration at the top of
the page). This is particularly important when
towing twin axle trailers!
• The trailer should be level with the ground
when loaded.
• The height of the drawbar hitch point should
be set so that the trailer is level when
connected to the loaded vehicle.
 Towing
Points to remember:
• When calculating the laden weight of the
trailer, remember to include the weight of
the trailer PLUS the load.
• The recommended trailer nose weight plus
the combined weight of the vehicle's load
carrying area and rear seat passengers must
never exceed the specified maximum rear
axle load (see ‘TOWING WEIGHTS’,
page 162).
• Where the load can be divided between
trailer and tow vehicle, loading more weight
into the vehicle will generally improve the
stability of the combination. However,
ensure that the gross vehicle and maximum
rear axle weights are not exceeded and that
the combination remains level.
• Towing regulations vary from country to
country. Always ensure national regulations
governing towing weights and speed limits
are observed (refer to the relevant national
motoring organisation for information). The
vehicle’s maximum permissible towed
weight refers to its design limitations and
NOT to any specific territorial restriction
(see ‘TOWING WEIGHTS’, page 162).
NOTE: The maximum speed when towing is
100 kph (62 mph).
NOTE: Above 1,000 ft (300 metres) the effects
of altitude can adversely affect engine
performance and also cause overheating.
Vehicle weights
When loading a vehicle to its maximum (gross
vehicle weight), take account of the unladen
vehicle weight and load distribution to ensure
that axle loadings do not exceed the permitted
maximum values. It is your responsibility to
limit the vehicle load in such a way that neither
the maximum axle loads nor the gross vehicle
weight are exceeded.
Coupled braking systems
In order to tow a trailer with a weight in excess
of 3,500 kg, the vehicle must be adapted to
operate a coupled braking system. If this
adaptation is carried out, the vehicle
identification number plate (VIN) must be
changed to show the increased train weight.
Revised VIN plates may be obtained from Land
Rover; these will be issued subject to
satisfactory proof that the vehicle has been
fitted with an approved conversion.
Trailer socket
When the engine is running, power output from
the trailer socket must NOT exceed 5 amps.

ESSENTIAL TOWING CHECKS

Tyre pressures: Ensure trailer/caravan tyres are at the pressures recommended by the trailer
manufacturer.
Loading: Keep trailer loads securely anchored, evenly distributed and as low as
possible with heavy loads over the axle. Towing vehicle maximum axle
weights and gross vehicle weight must not be exceeded.
Nose weight: The recommended trailer nose weight limit is 330 lb (150 kg).
Hitch height: Must be set so that caravan/trailer is level when connected to the tow
vehicle.
Brakes: Check the operation of trailer brakes and lights.

78
 Load Carrying
LUGGAGE SPACE
Load Carrying

WARNING
DO NOT carry unsecured equipment, tools or
luggage which could move and cause
personal injury in the event of an accident or
emergency manoeuvre, either on or off road.

ROOF RACKS
ALWAYS use an approved roof rack and follow
the manufacturer’s fitting instructions carefully.
A full list of all approved accessories is available
from your Land Rover dealer.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Always observe the following precautions:
• The MAXIMUM load for approved roof
rack systems is 330 lb (150 kg) for
normal road use and 66 lb (30 kg)
off-road. Calculation of the maximum
load must include the weight of the roof
rack.
• A loaded roof rack can reduce the
stability of the vehicle, particularly
when cornering and encountering cross
winds.
• All loads should be evenly distributed,
and secured within the periphery of the
roof rack.
• Always secure the load to the side rails,
not just to the cross rails.
• Only fit roof racks that have been
designed for your vehicle. If in doubt,
consult your dealer.
• Driving off-road with a loaded roof rack
is not recommended. If it is necessary
to stow luggage on the roof rack while
driving off-road, all loads must be
removed before traversing side slopes.

79
 Ancillary Equipment
WINCHES After winching
Ancillary Equipmen t

A number of different winches, suited to jobs
ranging from vehicle recovery to haulage, can
be fitted to your Defender. For further
information on the types of winch available and
their various uses, contact your Land Rover
dealer.
As winch operation will vary considerably on
different winch units, it is essential that the
manufacturer’s operating instructions are
understood and followed carefully.
Winch safety
Whilst wearing thick, protective gloves, clean
and lubricate the cable with a recommended
cable lubricant. For further information, consult
your Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
NEVER allow a cable to kink, coil or overlap
on the winch spool.
NOTE: If a capstan winch is used, ensure the
rope is cleaned and dried before stowing.

WARNING
If used incorrectly, winches can be extremely
dangerous.
ALWAYS follow the manufacturer’s operating
instructions carefully.
NEVER stand near, or astride a winching
cable whilst it is under tension.
ALWAYS wear protective gloves when
handling winch cables.

In addition:
• DO NOT attempt to continue winching if the
winch has stalled due to overloading.
• Inspect the winch and cable regularly -
ALWAYS have worn or damaged parts
replaced immediately.
• Only use recommended replacement parts
of the same specification as the original
equipment - failure to do so may not only
damage the winch, but may cause serious
personal injury.

80
 Ancillary Equipment
POWER TAKE-OFF DRIVES HAND THROTTLE *
Your Defender is capable of providing a static The hand throttle is for use in conjunction with
or mobile power source, which can be used to power take-off equipment (winches, pumps for
power generators, compressors, pumps and example), when a relatively constant engine
other ancillary equipment, mounted on or speed is required.
under the vehicle, by means of shaft, belt or
hydraulic drive. This is possible by having a WARNING
power take-off drive unit fitted to the transfer DO NOT attempt to use the hand throttle when
gearbox. This provides the basic drive for the vehicle is being driven.
several variations of power take-off layouts.
The power take-off capability is an integral part Operating the hand throttle:
of the vehicle design and has been tried and 1. Select ‘N’ (neutral) in the transfer gearbox.
tested under the most rigorous and demanding 2. Pull the hand throttle control out until the
conditions across the world. Land Rover desired engine speed is achieved.
dealers provide a full range of power take-off 3. Twist the control clockwise to lock the
drive units and accessories, designed and built throttle in position.
for the Defender.
The accelerator pedal can be used to
For static operation, select neutral in the temporarily override the hand throttle (to
transfer gearbox to disconnect the drive to the increase engine speed). Once the accelerator is
road wheels - it is then possible to operate the released, the engine speed will return to the
power take-off independently. The forward level set by the hand throttle.
gears and hand throttle* can now be used to
control the operating speed. To prevent the To turn the hand throttle off, twist the control
transmission from being overloaded, it is fully in (to the closed position).
recommended that the highest gear possible
Ensure the hand throttle is fully closed before
should be used.
driving.
The lower gears can be used when lower
operating speeds are required, but they should
only be used for light workloads and for short
periods of time.
If power tale-off is being used while the vehicle
is moving, it will operate at a speed in direct
proportion to the road speed of the vehicle and
to the selected transfer gear ratio.
For more information on the use of power
take-off drives and equipment, consult your
Land Rover dealer.

81
82
Off-road Driving
Off-road Driving
BEFORE YOU DRIVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
BASIC OFF-ROAD TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
AFTER DRIVING OFF-ROAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
SERVICING REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Driving Techniques
DRIVING ON SOFT SURFACES & DRY SAND . . . 89
DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES
(ice, snow, mud, wet grass). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
DRIVING ON ROUGH TRACKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
CLIMBING STEEP SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
DESCENDING STEEP SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
TRAVERSING A SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
NEGOTIATING A ‘V’ SHAPED GULLY . . . . . . . . . . 92
DRIVING IN EXISTING WHEEL TRACKS . . . . . . . 92
CROSSING A RIDGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
CROSSING A DITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
WADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
84
 Off-road Driving
Off-road Driv ing
BEFORE YOU DRIVE
Off-ro ad D riving
Before venturing off-road, it is absolutely
essential that inexperienced driver's become
fully familiar with the vehicle's controls, in
particular the transfer gearbox, and also study
the off-road driving techniques described on
this and the following pages.
WARNING
Off-road driving can be hazardous!
• DO NOT take unnecessary risks and be
prepared for emergencies at all times.
• Familiarise yourself with the
recommended driving techniques in order
to minimise risks to yourself, your vehicle
AND your passengers.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
• Always wear a seat belt for personal
protection in all off-road driving
situations.
• DO NOT drive if the fuel level is low -
undulating ground and steep inclines
could cause fuel starvation to the
engine.
85
BASIC OFF-ROAD TECHNIQUES
These basic driving techniques are an
introduction to the art of off-road driving and do
not necessarily provide the information needed
to successfully cope with every single off-road
situation.
We strongly recommend that owners who
intend to drive off-road frequently, should seek
as much additional information and practical
experience as possible.
Before driving off-road it is important that you
check the condition of the wheels and tyres and
that the tyre pressures are correct. Worn or
incorrectly inflated tyres will adversely affect
the performance, stability and safety of the
vehicle.
Gear selection
Correct gear selection is possibly the single
most important factor for safe and successful
off-road driving. While only experience will tell
you which is the correct gear for any section of
ground, the following basic rules apply:
• NEVER change gear or operate the clutch
while negotiating difficult terrain - the drag
on the wheels may cause the vehicle to stop
when the clutch is depressed and restarting
may be difficult.
• Generally, and especially where slippery or
soft ground conditions prevail, the higher
the gear you select the better.
• When descending very steep slopes always
select first gear in LOW range.
Inexperienced drivers are advised to stop the
vehicle (on firm ground) and carefully consider
which gear will be most appropriate for each
manoeuvre before continuing.
 Off-road Driving
Slipping the clutch Accelerating
Use of excessive clutch slip to prevent the Use the accelerator with care - any sudden
engine stalling will result in premature clutch surge of power may induce wheel spin and,
wear. Always select a gear low enough to therefore, invoke unnecessary operation of
enable the vehicle to proceed without needing traction control*, or in extreme conditions
to slip the clutch. could lead to loss of control of the vehicle.
DO NOT drive with your foot resting on the
Steering
clutch pedal; driving across uneven terrain
could cause you to inadvertently depress the
clutch, resulting in loss of control of the vehicle.

Transfer gears
High range gears should be used whenever
possible - only change to low range when
ground conditions become very difficult. The
diff lock should be engaged whenever there is a
risk of losing wheel grip, and disengaged as
soon as firm, level, non-slippery ground is
reached. H3659

Braking
As far as possible, vehicle speed should be
controlled through correct gear selection.
Application of the brake pedal should be kept to
a minimum. Unless ABS is fitted, any braking
on wet, muddy or loose surfaces is likely to
cause one or more wheels to lock - the resultant
slide could prove dangerous.
WARNING
DO NOT hold the steering wheel with your
thumbs inside the rim - a sudden ‘Kick’ of the
wheel as the vehicle negotiates a rut or
boulder could seriously injure them. ALWAYS
grip the wheel on the outside of the rim (as
shown) when traversing uneven ground.

NOTE: If the correct gear has been selected,

braking will be largely unnecessary. Survey the ground before driving
Before negotiating difficult terrain, it is wise to
Use of engine for braking carry out a preliminary survey on foot. This will
Before descending steep slopes, stop the minimise the risk of your vehicle getting into
vehicle at least its length before the descent, difficulty through a previously unnoticed
engage LOW range and then select first or hazard.
second gear, depending on the severity of the
incline.
While descending the slope it should be
remembered that the engine will provide
sufficient braking effort to control the rate of
descent, and that the brakes should not be
applied.

86
 Off-road Driving
Ground clearance Loss of traction
Don't forget to allow for ground clearance If the vehicle is immobilised due to loss of
beneath the chassis, axles and under the front wheel grip, the following hints could be of
and rear bumpers. Note that the axle value:
differentials are situated BELOW the chassis • Avoid prolonged wheel spin; this will only
and are positioned slightly to the right of the make matters worse.
centre of the vehicle. Note also that there are
• Remove obstacles rather than forcing the
other parts of the vehicle which may come into
vehicle to cross them.
contact with the ground - take care not to
ground the vehicle. • Clear clogged tyre treads.
• Reverse as far as possible, then attempt an
Ground clearance is particularly important at
increased speed approach - additional
the bottom of steep slopes, or where wheel ruts
momentum may overcome the obstacle.
are unusually deep and where sudden changes
in the slope of the ground are experienced. • Brushwood, sacking or any similar material
placed in front of the tyres may improve tyre
On soft ground the axle differentials will clear grip.
their own path in all but the most difficult
conditions. However, on frozen, rocky or hard
ground, hard contact between the differentials
and the ground will generally result in the
vehicle coming to a sudden stop.
ALWAYS attempt to avoid obstacles that may
foul the chassis or axle differentials.

87
 Off-road Driving
AFTER DRIVING OFF-ROAD

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Before rejoining the public highway, or
driving at speeds above 25 mph (40 km/h),
consideration should be given to the
following:
• Wheels and tyres must be cleaned of
mud and inspected for damage.
• If wheels and tyres are not cleaned
properly, damage to the wheels, tyres,
braking system and suspension
components could occur.
• Brake discs and callipers should be
examined and any stones or grit that
may affect braking efficiency removed.

SERVICING REQUIREMENTS
Vehicles operated in arduous conditions,
particularly on dusty, muddy or wet terrain, and
vehicles undergoing frequent or deep wading
conditions will require more frequent servicing.
See ‘OWNER MAINTENANCE’, page 98 and
contact a Land Rover dealer for advice.
After wading in salt water or driving on sandy
beaches, use a hose to wash the underbody
components and any exposed body panels with
fresh water. This will help to protect the
vehicle's cosmetic appearance.

88
 Driving Techniques
DRIVING ON SOFT SURFACES & DRY DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES
Drivin g Tech niques

SAND (ice, snow, mud, wet grass)

The ideal technique for driving on soft surfaces • With the diff lock engaged, select the
(dry sand for example), requires the vehicle to highest gear possible.
be kept moving at all times - soft sand causes
• Drive away using the MINIMUM throttle
excessive drag on the wheels resulting in a
possible.
rapid loss of motion once driving momentum is
lost. For this reason, gear changing should be • Drive slowly at all times, keeping braking to
avoided. a minimum and avoiding violent
movements of the steering wheel.
Engage the diff lock, select the highest suitable
• Disengage the diff lock as soon as a
gear and REMAIN in that gear until a firm
non-slippery surface is reached.
surface is reached. It is generally advisable to
use LOW range gears, as they will enable you to
accelerate through worsening conditions DRIVING ON ROUGH TRACKS
without the risk of being unable to restart. Although rough tracks can sometimes be
Disengage the diff lock as soon as firm ground negotiated in normal drive, it is advisable to
is reached. lock the differential if excessive suspension
movement is likely to induce wheel spin.
Stopping the vehicle on soft ground, in sand On very rough tracks, engage LOW range to
or on an incline enable a steady, low speed to be maintained
If you do stop the vehicle, remember: without the constant use of the brake and clutch
Starting on an incline or in soft ground or sand pedals.
may be difficult. Always park on a firm level Always disengage the diff lock when smooth,
area, or with the vehicle facing downhill. firm ground is reached.
On vehicles not fitted with traction control, to
avoid wheel spin, select second or third gear
and use the MINIMUM throttle necessary to get
the vehicle moving.
If forward motion is lost, avoid excessive use of
the throttle - this will cause wheel spin and tend
to dig the vehicle into the sand. Clear sand from
around the tyres and ensure that the chassis
and axles are not bearing on the sand before
again attempting to move.
If the wheels have sunk, use an air bag lifting
device or high lift jack to raise the vehicle, and
then build up sand under the wheels so that the
vehicle is again on level ground. If a restart is
still not possible, place sand mats or ladders
beneath the wheels.

89
 Driving Techniques
CLIMBING STEEP SLOPES
WARNING
Engage the diff lock and ALWAYS follow the fall
line of the slope - travelling diagonally could DO NOT attempt to reverse down a slope
encourage the vehicle to slide broadside down without the engine running, or the braking
the slope. effect of the gearbox will be lost.

Steep climbs will usually require the LOW gear

range. If the surface is loose or slippery, use
sufficient speed in the highest practical gear to
take advantage of your vehicle's momentum.
However, too high a speed over a bumpy
surface may result in a wheel lifting, causing the
vehicle to lose traction. In this case try a slower
approach. Traction can also be improved by
easing off the accelerator just before loss of
forward motion.
If the vehicle is unable to complete a climb, do
not attempt to turn it around while on the slope.
Instead, adopt the following procedure to
reverse downhill to the foot of the slope.
1. Hold the vehicle stationary using both foot
and hand brakes.
2. Restart the engine if necessary.
3. Engage reverse gear LOW range.
4. Release the handbrake. Then release the
foot brake and clutch simultaneously, and
allow the vehicle to reverse down the
slope using engine braking to control the
rate of descent.
5. Unless it is necessary to stop the vehicle
to negotiate obstructions, DO NOT apply
the brake or clutch pedal during the
descent - even a light application may
cause the front wheels to lock, rendering
the steering ineffective.
6. If the vehicle begins to slide, accelerate
slightly to allow the tyres to regain grip.
When the vehicle is back on level ground or
where traction can be regained, a faster
approach will probably enable the hill to be
climbed. However, DO NOT take unnecessary
risks, if the hill is too difficult to climb, find an
alternative route.

90
 Driving Techniques
DESCENDING STEEP SLOPES
H3643
WARNING
Failure to follow these instructions may cause
the vehicle to roll over.
• Stop the vehicle at least a vehicle length
before the start of the slope and engage first
gear LOW range with the differential locked.
• Unless it is necessary to stop the vehicle in
order to negotiate obstructions, DO NOT
touch the brake or clutch pedals during the
descent - the engine will limit the speed,
keeping the vehicle under control provided
the front wheels are rotating. If the vehicle
begins to slide, accelerate gently to maintain
directional stability. DO NOT use the brakes
or attempt to change gear.
• Once level ground is reached, unlock the
differential and select a suitable gear for the
next stage of your journey.
91
TRAVERSING A SLOPE
H3634
WARNING
Failure to follow these instructions may cause
the vehicle to roll over.
Before crossing a slope ALWAYS observe the
following precautions:
• Check that the ground is firm and not
slippery.
• Check that the wheels on the downhill side
of the vehicle are not likely to drop into
depressions in the ground and that the
‘uphill’ wheels will not run over rocks, tree
roots, or similar obstacles that could
suddenly increase the angle of tilt.
• Ensure that passenger weight is evenly
distributed, that all roof rack luggage is
removed and that all other luggage is
properly secured and stowed as low as
possible. Always remember; any sudden
movement of the load could cause the
vehicle to overturn.
• Rear seat passengers should sit on the
uphill side of the vehicle or, in extreme
conditions, should vacate the vehicle until
the sloping ground has been safely
negotiated.
 Driving Techniques
NEGOTIATING A ‘V’ SHAPED GULLY CROSSING A RIDGE
Observe extreme caution! Steering up either of
the gully walls could cause the side of the
vehicle to be trapped against the opposite gully
wall.

DRIVING IN EXISTING WHEEL TRACKS

As far as possible allow the vehicle to steer
itself along the bottom of the ruts. However,
always keep a light hold of the steering wheel to
prevent it from spinning free.
Particularly in wet conditions, if the steering
wheel is allowed to spin free, the vehicle may
H3635
appear to be driving straight ahead in the ruts,
but in actual fact (due to the lack of traction Approach at right angles so that both front
caused by the wet ground) is unknowingly on wheels cross the ridge together - an angled
full right or left lock. Then, when level ground is approach could cause traction to be lost
reached, or if a dry patch of ground is through diagonally opposite wheels lifting from
encountered, the wheels will find traction and the ground at the same time.
cause the vehicle to suddenly veer to left or
right.

92
 Driving Techniques
CROSSING A DITCH
H3636
With the diff lock engaged, cross ditches at an
angle so that three wheels always maintain
contact with the ground. If a ditch is
approached head on, both front wheels will
drop into the ditch together, possibly resulting
in the chassis and front bumper being trapped
on opposite sides of the ditch.
93
WADING
H3644
WARNING
The maximum advisable wading depth is
20 inches (0,5 m).
Severe electrical damage may occur if the
vehicle remains stationary for any length of
time when the water level is above the door
sills.
If the water is likely to exceed 20 inches
(0,5 m), the following precautions should be
observed:
• Fix a plastic sheet in front of the radiator
grille to prevent water from soaking the
engine and mud from blocking the radiator.
• Fit a drain plug to the flywheel housing and
engine timing cover (Tdi engines only).
• Ensure that the silt bed beneath the water is
free of obstacles and firm enough to
support the vehicle's weight and provide
sufficient traction.
• Ensure that the engine air intake is clear of
the water level.
• To prevent saturation of the electrical
system and air intake, avoid excessive
engine speed.
 Driving Techniques
• With the diff lock engaged, select a low gear Wading plugs*
and maintain sufficient throttle to prevent
the engine from stalling. This is particularly WARNING
important if the exhaust pipe is under water. For safety, DO NOT work underneath the
• Drive slowly into the water and accelerate to vehicle unless it is safely parked with the
a speed which causes a bow wave to form; wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy
then maintain that speed. duty stands.
At all times, keep all the doors fully closed.
Under severe wading conditions, the timing
After wading cover and flywheel housing must be sealed to
• Drive the vehicle a short distance and apply prevent the ingress of mud and water. Fit the
the foot brake to check that the brakes are plugs, supplied in the tool kit. Remove the
fully effective. plugs immediately after wading, or periodically
if the vehicle is required to do prolonged
• DO NOT rely on the handbrake to hold the
wading or very muddy work.
vehicle stationary until the transmission has
thoroughly dried out; in the meantime, leave
the vehicle parked in gear.
• Remove the timing cover drain plug (where
fitted) and also any protective covering from
the front of the radiator grille.
• If the water was particularly muddy, remove
any blockages (mud and leaves) from the
radiator to reduce the risk of overheating.
• If deep water is regularly negotiated, check
all oils for signs of water contamination -
contaminated oil can be identified through
its ‘milky’ appearance. In addition, check the
air filter element for water ingress and
replace if wet - consult a Land Rover dealer
if necessary.
• If salt water is frequently negotiated,
thoroughly wash the underbody
components and exposed body panels with
fresh water.
NOTE: Vehicles required to undergo frequent or
deep wading conditions will require more
frequent servicing. Contact a Land Rover dealer
for advice.

94
Owner Maintenance
Maintenance
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
OWNER MAINTENANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
SAFETY IN THE GARAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
EMISSION CONTROL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
ROAD TESTING DYNAMOMETERS
(‘rolling roads’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Bonnet Opening
BONNET OPENING (Td5 models). . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Engine Compartment
Td5 DIESEL ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Tdi DIESEL ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Engine Oil
CHECK & TOP-UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Cooling System
COOLANT CHECK AND TOP-UP. . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
ANTI-FREEZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Fuel System
FUEL SEDIMENTER (Tdi engines) . . . . . . . . . . . 107
FUEL FILTER (Td5 engines) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Brakes
BRAKE FLUID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Clutch
CLUTCH FLUID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Power Steering
POWER STEERING FLUID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Washers
WINDSCREEN WASHER TOP-UP . . . . . . . . . . . 111
WASHER JETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Wiper Blades
WIPER BLADE REPLACEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Battery
BATTERY SAFETY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
BATTERY MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Tyres
CARING FOR YOUR TYRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
SNOW CHAINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Cleaning & vehicle care

WASHING YOUR VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
CLEANING THE INTERIOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Identification Numbers
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN). . . . 123

Parts & Accessories

PARTS AND ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
AFTER SALES SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

96
 Maintenance
Brake fluid/component replacement
Owner Mainten ance

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
Maintenance

Regular systematic maintenance is the key to Brake fluid must be completely renewed every
ensuring the continued reliability and efficiency 24,000 miles (40,000 km) or 24 months,
of your vehicle. whichever is the sooner.

Maintenance is the owner's responsibility and
you must ensure that owner maintenance
operations, routine servicing and brake fluid
and coolant changes are carried out when
required and according to the manufacturer's
recommendations.
The routine maintenance requirements for your
vehicle are shown in the Service Portfolio book.
Most of this necessary workshop maintenance
requires specialised knowledge and equipment,
and should preferably be entrusted to a Land
Rover dealer.
Service Portfolio
The Service Portfolio book includes a Service
Record section, which enables a record to be
kept of all the services that are carried out on
the vehicle. This section of the book also
provides a facility for the dealer to record brake
fluid and camshaft drive belt changes.
Ensure your dealer signs and stamps the book
after each service.
At 48,000 mile (80,000 km) intervals or every 4
years, whichever is the sooner, all hydraulic
brake fluid, seals and flexible hoses should be
renewed. All working surfaces of the calliper
cylinders should be examined and the
components renewed where necessary. Under
arduous operating conditions, these intervals
may need to be reduced. Please consult your
Land Rover dealer.
Coolant replacement
The engine coolant (anti-freeze and water
solution) needs to be replaced every 36,000
miles (60,000 km) or 36 months, whichever is
the sooner. Your dealer will replace the coolant
at the scheduled service.

97
 Maintenance
OWNER MAINTENANCE
In addition to the routine services referred to IMPORTANT INFORMATION
previously, a number of simple checks must be
carried out more frequently. You can carry out Special operation conditions
these checks yourself and advice is given on the When a vehicle is operated in extremely
pages that follow. arduous conditions or a dusty, wet or
muddy terrain, more frequent attention
Any significant or sudden drop in fluid levels, must be paid to servicing requirements.
or uneven tyre wear, should be reported to a For example: if your vehicle experiences
dealer without delay. deep wading conditions, even DAILY
servicing could be necessary to ensure the
Daily checks
continued safe and reliable operation of the
• Operation of lights, horn, direction
vehicle.
indicators, wipers, washers and warning
lights. Contact a Land Rover dealer for advice.
• Operation of seat belts and brakes.
• Look for fluid deposits underneath the
vehicle that might indicate a leak.
Weekly checks - at least every 250 miles
(400 km)
• Engine oil level.
NOTE: The engine oil level should be
checked more frequently if the vehicle is
driven for prolonged periods at high speeds.
• Coolant level.
• Brake fluid level.
• Clutch fluid level.
• Power steering fluid level.
• Screen washer fluid level.
• Tyre pressures and condition.
• Operate air conditioning*.
The gearbox fluid level should only be checked
by a qualified dealer, at the time of a routine
service.
All fluid specifications and capacities are shown
in ‘LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS’, page 151.

98
 Maintenance
SAFETY IN THE GARAGE
WARNING
Cooling fans may continue to operate after the
engine is switched off. When the engine is
hot, the cooling fans may also COMMENCE
operating after the engine is switched off and
continue operating for up to 10 minutes. Keep
clear of all fans while working in the engine
compartment.
If you need to carry out maintenance, observe
the following safety precautions at all times:
• Keep your hands and clothing away from
drive belts and pulleys.
• If the vehicle has been driven recently, DO
NOT TOUCH exhaust and cooling system
components until the engine has cooled.
• DO NOT TOUCH electrical leads or
components while the engine is running, or
with the starter switch turned on.
• NEVER leave the engine running in an
unventilated area - exhaust gases are
poisonous and extremely dangerous.
• DO NOT work beneath the vehicle with the
wheel changing jack as the only means of
support.
WARNING
Under no circumstances should any part of
the fuel system be dismantled or replaced by
anyone other than a suitably qualified motor
vehicle technician. Failure to comply with this
instruction may result in fuel spillage with a
consequent serious risk of fire.
Poisonous fluids
Fluids used in motor vehicles are poisonous
and should not be consumed or brought into
contact with open wounds. These include;
battery acid, anti-freeze, brake and power
steering fluid, petrol, diesel, engine oil and
windscreen washer additives.
For your own safety, ALWAYS read and obey all
instructions printed on labels and containers.
Used engine oil
Prolonged contact with engine oil may cause
serious skin disorders, including dermatitis and
cancer of the skin. ALWAYS wash thoroughly
after contact.
It is illegal to pollute drains, water courses
or soil. Use authorised waste disposal
sites to dispose of used oil and toxic chemicals.

• Ensure sparks and naked lights are kept

away from the engine and battery.
• Wear protective clothing, including, where
practicable, gloves made from an
impervious material.
• Remove metal wrist bands and jewellery
before working in the engine compartment.
• DO NOT allow tools or metal parts of the
vehicle to make contact with the battery
leads or terminals.

99
 Maintenance
EMISSION CONTROL ROAD TESTING DYNAMOMETERS
Your vehicle is fitted with various items of (‘rolling roads’)
emission and evaporative control equipment Because your vehicle is equipped with
designed to meet specific territorial permanent four-wheel drive, it is essential that
requirements. You should be aware that any dynamometer testing is carried out ONLY
unauthorised replacement, modification or by a qualified person familiar with the
tampering with this equipment by an owner or dynamometer testing and safety procedures
repair shop may be unlawful and subject to practiced by Land Rover dealers. Contact your
legal penalties. Land Rover dealer for further information.
In addition, engine settings must not be
tampered with. These have been established to
ensure that your vehicle complies with
stringent exhaust emission regulations.
Incorrect engine settings may adversely affect
exhaust emissions, engine performance and
fuel consumption, as well as causing high
temperatures, which will result in damage to
the vehicle.

100
 Bonnet Opening
BONNET OPENING (Td5 models) 1. From inside the vehicle on the right hand
Bonnet Op ening

side, pull the bonnet release handle (see

illustration).
4 3 2. Lift the bonnet safety catch lever and raise
the bonnet.
3. Release the bonnet support stay from the
bonnet locking platform.
4. Fit the support stay into the slotted hole in
the underside of the bonnet (see
illustration).
NOTE: On Tdi models the bonnet support stay
is stowed on the underside of the bonnet, and
slots into the corresponding circular hole in the
bonnet locking platform.

Closing the bonnet

WARNING
DO NOT drive with the bonnet retained by the
safety catch alone.

Replace the support stay in its retaining clip,

then lower the bonnet, allowing it to drop for
the last 12 inches (30 cm) approx.
After closing the bonnet, check that the lock is
1 2 fully engaged by attempting to lift the front edge
H3598 of the bonnet. This should be free from all
movement.
WARNING
Ensure the wipers are switched off and have
returned to the parked position before
opening the bonnet.

101
 Engine Compartment
Td5 DIESEL ENGINE
E ngine Co mpartment

1 2 3 4

5 6 7
H3706

1. Brake fluid reservoir.

WARNING
2. Clutch fluid reservoir.
3. Cooling system reservoir. While working in the engine compartment,
4. Engine oil filler cap. ALWAYS observe the safety precautions
5. Power steering reservoir. listed under 'Safety in the garage' on a
6. Engine oil dipstick. previous page.
7. Washer reservoir.

102
 Engine Compartment
Tdi DIESEL ENGINE

4 5 6

7
1
8

H3766

1. Diesel fuel filter.

2. Cooling system reservoir.
3. Brake fluid reservoir.
4. Clutch fluid reservoir.
5. Engine oil filler cap.
6. Engine oil dipstick.
7. Washer reservoir.
8. Power steering reservoir.

WARNING
While working in the engine compartment,
ALWAYS observe the safety precautions
listed under 'Safety in the garage' on a
previous page.

103
 Engine Oil
CHECK & TOP-UP
E ngine Oil

WARNING
Take care to avoid spilling engine oil onto a
hot engine - a fire may result!

Check the oil level at least every 250 miles (400

km) when the engine is COLD and with the
vehicle resting on level ground.
NOTE: If it is necessary to check the oil level
when the engine is hot, switch off the engine
and let the vehicle stand for five minutes to
allow the oil to drain back into the sump. DO
NOT start the engine.
As a general guide, if the level on the dipstick:
• is nearer to the upper mark than the lower,
add no oil.
• is nearer to the lower mark than the upper,
H3603
add half a litre of oil.
• is below the lower mark, add one litre of oil 1. Withdraw the dipstick and wipe the blade
and re-check the level after a further five clean.
minutes. 2. Fully reinsert the dipstick and withdraw
again to check the level, which should
WARNING NEVER be allowed to fall below the lower
Driving the vehicle with the engine oil level mark on the dipstick.
above the upper mark, or below the lower 3. Lift the release tab (arrowed) and remove
mark on the dipstick, can damage the engine. the access flap.
4. To top-up, unscrew the oil filler cap and
add oil to maintain the level between the
UPPER and LOWER marks on the dipstick.
DO NOT OVERFILL!

Oil specification
It is essential to use an oil suitable for the
climatic conditions in which the vehicle is to be
operated. Precise specifications are shown in
‘LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS’, page 151. If in
doubt, contact your Land Rover dealer.

104
 Cooling System
COOLANT CHECK AND TOP-UP
Cooling System

WARNING
NEVER remove the filler cap when the engine
is hot - escaping steam or scalding water
could cause serious personal injury.
Unscrew the filler cap slowly, allowing the
pressure to escape before removing
completely.
NEVER run the engine without coolant.
Anti-freeze will damage painted surfaces;
soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth
immediately and wash the area with a
mixture of car shampoo and water. H3604

NEVER top-up with salt water. When

travelling in territories where the water
supply contains salt, always ensure you carry
a supply of fresh (rain or distilled) water.
Avoid spilling anti-freeze onto a hot engine -
a fire may result.
Top-up with a 50% mixture of anti-freeze and
water so that the surface of the coolant is level
with the indicator on the side of the tank (see
illustration).
Ensure the cap is tightened fully after top-up is
completed.

The coolant level in the expansion tank should If the level has fallen appreciably, suspect
be checked at least weekly (more frequently in leakage or overheating and arrange for your
high mileage or arduous operating conditions). dealer to examine the vehicle. DO NOT
Always check the level WHEN THE SYSTEM IS OVERFILL!
COLD.
If it is necessary to remove the filler cap before
the system has fully cooled, loosen the cap
slowly, allowing the air pressure to escape
gradually.

105
 Cooling System
ANTI-FREEZE

WARNING
Anti-freeze is poisonous and can be fatal if
swallowed - keep containers sealed and out
of the reach of children. If accidental
consumption is suspected, seek medical
attention immediately.
Prevent anti-freeze coming in contact with the
skin or eyes. If this occurs, rinse immediately
with plenty of water.

Anti-freeze contains important corrosion

inhibitors. The anti-freeze content of the
coolant must be maintained at 50% ± 5% all
year round (not just in cold conditions). To
ensure that the anti-corrosion properties of the
coolant are retained, the anti-freeze content
should be checked once a year and completely
renewed every 36,000 miles (60,000 km) or
36 months, whichever is the sooner. Failure to
do so may cause corrosion of the radiator and
engine components.
The specific gravity of a 50% anti-freeze
solution at 20°C (68°F) is 1.075 and protects
against frost down to -36°C (-33°F).

Coolant specification
Use ONLY a 50% mix of water and Havoline
Extended Life Coolant (XLC) or any ethylene
glycol based anti-freeze (containing no
methanol) with only Organic Acid Technology
(OAT) corrosion inhibitors.
In an emergency - and only if this type of
anti-freeze is unavailable - top-up the cooling
system with clean water, but be aware of the
resultant reduction in frost protection. DO NOT
top-up or refill with conventional anti-freeze
formulations. If in doubt consult a Land Rover
dealer.

106
 Fuel System
FUEL SEDIMENTER (Tdi engines)* FUEL FILTER (Td5 engines)*
Fuel System

H3761

The fuel sedimenter is located at the front of the

engine compartment.
To drain: H3701
Slacken off the drain plug (arrowed in
illustration), to allow any water to drain off. The fuel filter is located on the chassis side
Retighten the plug as soon as pure diesel is member, near the rear wheel. Twist the
emitted. turnbuckle (arrowed in the upper illustration)
through 90º to release the protective cover. Pull
the cover forward to reveal the filter.
To drain:
Slacken off the drain plug (arrowed in the lower
illustration) to allow any water to drain off.
Retighten the plug as soon as pure diesel is
emitted.

107
 Brakes
BRAKE FLUID Top-up
Brakes

WARNING
Brake fluid is highly toxic - keep containers
sealed and out of the reach of children. If
accidental consumption of fluid is suspected,
seek medical attention immediately.
If brake fluid should come into contact with
the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water.
Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine -
a fire may result.
DO NOT drive the vehicle with the fluid level
H3647
below the ‘MIN’ mark.
Brake fluid will damage painted surfaces; Wipe the filler cap clean before removing to
soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth prevent dirt from entering the reservoir.
immediately and wash the area with a Unscrew the cap (1/8 turn) and top-up the
mixture of car shampoo and water. reservoir to the ‘MAX’ mark using Shell Donax
YB brake fluid conforming to DOT 4
specification.
Check
The fluid level may fall slightly during normal Use only new fluid from an airtight container
use as a result of brake pad wear but should not (old fluid from opened containers or fluid
be allowed to fall below the ‘MIN’ mark. Any previously bled from the system will have
substantial drop in fluid indicates a leak in the absorbed moisture, which will adversely affect
system, in which case the vehicle must NOT be performance, and must NOT be used). DO NOT
driven and you should contact your dealer. OVERFILL!
Brake fluid must be completely renewed every
WARNING 24,000 miles (40,000 km) or 24 months,
Contact your dealer immediately if brake whichever is the sooner.
pedal travel is unusually long or if there is any
appreciable drop in brake fluid level.

With the vehicle on level ground, check the fluid

level at least every week (more frequently in
high mileage or arduous operating conditions).
Check the level visually through the side of the
transparent reservoir without removing the
filler cap.

108
 Clutch
CLUTCH FLUID Top-up
Clutch

WARNING
Clutch fluid is highly toxic - keep containers
sealed and out of the reach of children. If
accidental consumption of fluid is suspected,
seek medical attention immediately.
If clutch fluid should come into contact with
the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water.
Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine -
a fire may result. H3736

Clutch fluid will damage painted surfaces;
soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth
immediately and wash the area with a
mixture of car shampoo and water.
Check
With the vehicle on level ground, check the fluid
level at least every week (more frequently in
high mileage or arduous operating conditions).
Wipe the filler cap before removing, to prevent
dirt from entering the reservoir. Check the fluid
level and top-up if necessary.
Maintain the level approximately 10 mm below
the top of the reservoir, using fluid meeting
FMVSS 116 DOT 4 specification. Ensure dirt
does not enter the reservoir while filling.
Use only new fluid from an airtight container
(old fluid from opened containers or fluid
previously bled from the system will have
absorbed moisture, which will adversely affect
performance, and must NOT be used). DO NOT
OVERFILL!
If significant topping-up is required, a leak is
indicated - consult your dealer immediately.

109
 Power Steering
POWER STEERING FLUID Check and Top-up
Power Steering

Check and top-up the fluid level ONLY with the

WARNING engine switched off and the system cold, and
Power steering fluid is highly toxic - keep ensure that the steering wheel is not turned
containers sealed and out of reach of after stopping the engine.
children. If accidental consumption of fluid is
suspected, seek medical attention
immediately.
If power steering fluid should come into
contact with the skin or eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water.
Do not spill power steering fluid onto a hot
engine - a fire may result.
Power steering fluid will damage painted
surfaces: Soak up any spillage with an
absorbent cloth immediately and wash the
area with a mixture of car shampoo and
water.
H3583

Emergency operation
Any large or sudden drop in the fluid level must
be investigated by a qualified dealer.
If it can be established that fluid loss is slow,
then the reservoir may be topped-up to the
upper level mark to enable the vehicle to be
driven to the nearest qualified dealer for
examination.
If the fluid level has dropped below the lower
level mark, top-up the reservoir before starting
the engine, or damage to the steering pump
could result.
Wipe the filler cap to prevent dirt from entering
the reservoir.
Remove the filler cap, and using a lint-free
cloth, wipe the dipstick clean. Refit the cap fully
and remove it again to check the fluid level.
Ensure the fluid level is between the UPPER
mark and the bottom end of the dipstick
(arrowed in illustration). If necessary, top up
with a fluid meeting Dexron II D or Dexron II
E/III specification, ensuring no dirt enters the
reservoir.
DO NOT fill above the UPPER mark on the
dipstick.
NOTE: The colour of the specified power
steering fluid may differ from that used to fill
the system during manufacture. This is not
cause for concern.

110
 Washers
WINDSCREEN WASHER TOP-UP
Wash ers

WARNING
DO NOT use an anti-freeze or vinegar/water
solution in the washer reservoir - anti-freeze
will damage painted surfaces, while vinegar
can damage the windscreen washer pump.
Some screenwash products are inflammable,
particularly if high or undiluted
concentrations are exposed to sparking. DO
NOT allow screenwash to come into contact
with naked flames or sources of ignition.
Body panels may suffer discolouration as a
result of screenwash spillage. Take care to
H3703 avoid spillage, particularly if an undiluted or
high concentration is being used. If spillage
The windscreen washer reservoir supplies both occurs, wash the affected area immediately
front and rear screen washer jets. with water.
Check the reservoir level at least every week
and top-up with a mixture of water and Land
Rover Parts STC 8249 Screenwash to
approximately 1 inch (25 mm) below the
bottom of the filler neck. Preferably mix the
recommended quantities of water and
screenwash in a separate container before
topping-up, and always follow the instructions
on the container. Note that an approved
screenwash is necessary to prevent freezing in
very cold weather.
Operate the washer switches periodically to
check that the nozzles are clear and properly
directed.

111
 Washers
WASHER JETS

H3648
H3623
Rear washer jet
Front washer jets

The windscreen washer jets are set during

manufacture and should not need adjusting.
However, if adjustment is ever necessary, insert
a needle into the jet orifice and lever gently to
position each jet so that the spray is directed
towards the centre of the screen.
Should any jet become obstructed, insert a
needle or thin strand of wire into the orifice to
clear the blockage.

112
 Wiper Blades
WIPER BLADE REPLACEMENT Clean the windscreen regularly with an
Wiper Blades

approved glass cleaner and ensure the screen is

thoroughly cleaned before fitting replacement
wiper blades.
NOTE: On vehicles where the spare wheel is
mounted on the tail door, the wheel must be
removed before renewing the rear wiper blade.

H3718

To renew a windscreen or rear wiper blade, lift

the wiper arm away from the screen, press the
retaining clip (arrowed in illustration), pull the
blade down the arm away from the hooked end
and then unhook the wiper blade.
Locate the new blade assembly on the arm,
hook it to the swivel bracket and push into
engagement until the blade is retained by the
clip.
Only fit replacement wiper blades that are
identical to the original specification.
Grease, silicone and petrol based products
impair the blade's wiping capability. Wash the
wiper blades in warm soapy water and
periodically check their condition.
If signs of hardness or cracking in the rubber
are found, or if the wipers leave streaks or
unwiped areas on the windscreen during use,
then the wiper blades should be replaced.

113
 Battery
BATTERY SAFETY
Battery

WARNING
Batteries contain acid, which is both
corrosive and poisonous. If spillage occurs:
• On clothing or the skin - remove any
contaminated clothing immediately, flush
the skin with large amounts of water, and
seek medical attention urgently.
• In the eyes - flush with clean water
immediately for at least 15 minutes. Seek
medical attention urgently.
Swallowing battery acid can be fatal unless
IMMEDIATE action is taken - seek medical
attention urgently.
During normal operation batteries emit
explosive hydrogen gas - ensure sparks and
naked lights are kept away from the engine
compartment.
For your safety, remove all metal wrist bands
and jewellery before working in the engine
H3614
compartment and NEVER allow the battery
terminals or vehicle leads to make contact
with tools or metal parts of the vehicle. The battery is located underneath the left-hand
front seat. Pull up the front of the seat base to
release it from its retaining clips and pull it
forward (see ‘Seat cushion removal’, page 21).
Release the buckle on the front of the battery
compartment (solid arrow in illustration) and
slide off the lid in the direction shown.
When refitting the seat base, insert the rear of
the base first and then push down firmly to
re-engage the retaining clips - ENSURE the seat
base is secure before driving.

114
 Battery
BATTERY MAINTENANCE
H3617
The battery is designed to be maintenance free,
so topping-up is unnecessary. On the top of the
battery there is a battery condition indicator
(arrowed in illustration). Examine the indicator
periodically to check the battery's condition.
When the indicator shows:
• GREEN - the battery is in a good state of
charge.
• DARK (turning to black) - the battery needs
charging.
• CLEAR (or light yellow) - the battery must
be replaced. Do not charge the battery or
jump start the car in this condition.
NOTE: When checking the battery condition
indicator, if necessary, clean the battery top to
ensure a clear view.
If the indicator shows clear or yellow, tap the
indicator with the handle of a screwdriver to
disperse any air bubbles. If the colour is
unchanged, the battery must be replaced.
115
Battery removal and replacement
WARNING
• Do not reverse the polarity of the battery -
the electrical system may be damaged if
the battery leads are connected to the
wrong terminals.
• Keep the battery upright at all times -
damage will be caused if the battery is
tilted more than 45 degrees.
• DO NOT run the engine with the battery
disconnected, or disconnect the battery
while the engine is running.
Your vehicle may be fitted with a battery
backed-up sounder, which operates as an
anti-theft siren if the main battery is
disconnected.
If it is necessary to remove the main vehicle
battery, it is ESSENTIAL to adopt the following
procedure before disconnecting the terminals,
in order to prevent the siren from sounding:
1. Turn the starter switch ‘on’ and then ‘off’.
Then remove the starter key.
2. Disconnect the vehicle battery WITHIN 15
SECONDS (if it is not disconnected within
15 seconds, the back-up siren will sound
immediately the battery terminals are
disconnected).
ALWAYS disconnect the negative (‘-’) terminal
first. When replacing, connect the positive (‘+’)
terminal first. Do not allow the battery terminals
to make contact with metal parts of the vehicle.
If the siren sounds when the battery is
reconnected, it CANNOT be turned off in the
normal way (i.e. by operating the handset
button). To deactivate the siren, disarm the
alarm system with the handset and turn the
starter switch to position ‘II’.
 Battery
Replacement batteries • On Td5 models, the battery will be charged
Only fit a replacement battery of the same type sufficiently once the battery condition
and specification as the original - other indicator shows GREEN. When charging is
batteries may vary in size or have different finished, switch off the battery charger
terminal positions which could cause a fire BEFORE disconnecting the leads from the
hazard when connected to the car's electrical battery terminals.
system. NOTE: Be aware that a battery will take
longer to charge in a cold environment.
Battery disposal
After charging, leave the battery for an hour
Used batteries should be recycled. BEFORE reconnection to the vehicle - this will
However, batteries are hazardous - you allow time for explosive gases to disperse,
should seek advice about disposal from a Land thereby minimising the risk of fire or explosion.
Rover dealer or your local authority.
WARNING
Battery charging
DO NOT charge the battery if it is connected to
Batteries generate explosive gases, contain
the car - this may seriously damage the
corrosive acid and produce levels of electric
electrical system.
current sufficient to cause serious injury. While
charging always heed the following On Td5 models, DO NOT attempt to charge the
precautions: battery if the battery condition indicator is
• Before charging, disconnect and remove the clear or light yellow.
battery from the vehicle - charging the
DO NOT charge the battery if it is suspected of
battery with the cables connected may
being frozen.
damage the vehicle's electrical system.
NOTE: On Tdi models, ensure that the
battery is topped up to the correct level.
• Make sure the battery charger leads are
securely clamped to the battery terminals
BEFORE switching on the battery charger.
Do not move the leads once the charger is
switched on.
• While charging, shield your eyes or avoid
leaning over the battery and keep the area
around the top of the battery well ventilated.
• Do not allow naked lights near the battery
(batteries generate inflammable hydrogen
during and after charging).

116
 Tyres
CARING FOR YOUR TYRES Check the pressures (including the spare
Tyres

wheel) when the tyres are cold - be aware that

WARNING it only takes a mile (1.6 km) of driving to warm
DEFECTIVE TYRES ARE DANGEROUS! Do not up the tyres sufficiently to affect the tyre
drive if any tyre is damaged, is excessively pressures.
worn, or is inflated to an incorrect pressure. Air pressure naturally increases in warm tyres;
if it is necessary to check the tyres when they
Always drive with consideration for the are warm (after the vehicle has been driven for
condition of the tyres, and regularly inspect the a while), you should expect the pressures to
tread and side walls for any sign of distortion have increased between 4 and 6 lbf/in 2. In this
(bulges), cuts or wear. circumstance, NEVER let air out of the tyres in
order to match the recommended pressures.
NOTE: If possible, protect tyres from
contamination by oil, grease, fuel and other WARNING
automotive fluids.
If the vehicle has been parked in strong
sunlight or used in high ambient
Tyre pressures
temperatures, DO NOT reduce tyre pressures;
Correctly inflated tyres will ensure that you
instead, move the vehicle into the shade and
enjoy the best combination of tyre life, fuel
allow the tyres to cool before checking.
economy and road handling.
Under-inflated tyres wear more rapidly, can The recommended pressures for cold tyres are
seriously affect the vehicle's road handling shown in ‘WHEELS & TYRES’, page 156.
characteristics and fuel consumption, as well
as increasing the risk of tyre failure.
Over-inflated tyres give a harsher ride, wear
unevenly and are more prone to damage.
Tyre pressures should be checked at least once
a week with normal road use, but should be
checked DAILY if the vehicle is used off-road.

117
 Tyres
Tyre wear
H3606
Some tyres fitted as original equipment have
wear indicators moulded into the tread pattern.
When the tread has worn down to 1.6 mm (1/16
inch) the indicators start appearing at the
surface of the tread pattern, producing the
effect of a continuous band of rubber across the
width of the tyre.
A tyre MUST be replaced as soon as an
indicator band becomes visible or the tread
depth reaches the minimum permitted by
legislation.
118
Tread depth must be checked regularly (at
every maintenance service, or more
frequently). Always replace a tyre before the
tread reaches a remaining depth of 1.6 mm. DO
NOT drive with tyres worn to this limit, the
safety of the vehicle and occupants will be
adversely affected.
NOTE: After off-road use, check to make sure
there are no lumps or bulges in the tyres or
exposure of the ply or cord structure.
Valves
Keep the valve caps screwed down firmly - they
prevent dirt from entering the valve. Check the
valve for leaks (listen for a tell-tale hissing)
when you check the tyre pressure.
Punctured tyres
Your vehicle is fitted with tubeless tyres, which
may not leak if penetrated by a sharp object,
provided the object remains in the tyre. If you
are aware of this occurring, reduce speed
immediately and drive with caution until the
spare wheel can be fitted.
A puncture of this kind will eventually cause the
tyre to lose pressure, which is why regular (and
frequent) checking of tyre pressures is
important. Punctured or damaged tyres must
be permanently repaired or replaced as soon as
possible. DO NOT DRIVE WITH A PUNCTURED
TYRE!
 Tyres
Replacement tyres
Wheel rims and tyres are matched to suit the
handling characteristics of the vehicle. For
safety, ALWAYS check that replacement tyres
comply with the original specification (see
‘WHEELS & TYRES’, page 156) and that the
load and speed ratings shown on the side wall
are the same as that of the original equipment.
Contact your Land Rover dealer for further
information or assistance.
WARNING
ALWAYS use the same make and type of
radial-ply tyres front and rear. DO NOT use
cross-ply tyres, or interchange tyres from
front to rear.
If the wheel is marked ‘TUBED’, an inner tube
MUST be fitted, even with a tubeless tyre.
If the wheel is marked ‘TUBELESS’, an inner
tube must NOT be fitted.
DO NOT replace wheels with any type other
than genuine Land Rover parts. Wheels and
tyres are designed for both off-road and
on-road use and have a very important
influence on vehicle handling. Alternative
wheels which do not meet original equipment
specifications should not be fitted.
Always have replacement wheels and tyres
balanced before use.
119
SNOW CHAINS
Snow chains are designed for use on metalled
roads in extreme conditions only, and are not
recommended for off-road use. If it is
necessary to fit snow chains to your vehicle,
ALWAYS observe the following:
• Rear wheels: Snow chains can be fitted to
the rear wheels of any vehicle, provided the
wheels and tyres conform to one of the
original equipment specifications listed in
the handbook (see ‘WHEELS & TYRES’,
page 156).
• If chains are to be fitted to the front wheels
only, or to all four wheels, then ONLY Land
Rover approved chains should be used -
these are designed for your vehicle and will
eliminate any risk of damage to other
components.
• Non-approved chains can be fitted to the
rear wheels ONLY.
• Ensure the gearbox differential is locked.
• Always adhere to the snow chain fitting and
retensioning instructions and the speed
limitations recommended for varying road
conditions. NEVER exceed 30 mph
(50 km/h).
• Avoid tyre damage by removing the chains
as soon as the road is free from snow.
For further information about approved snow
chains, consult your Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
DO NOT fit unapproved snow chains to the
front wheels - this could damage brake
components.
 Cleaning & vehicle care
WASHING YOUR VEHICLE
Cleaning & vehicle care
H3645
WARNING
Some high pressure cleaning systems are
sufficiently powerful to penetrate door and
window seals and damage rubbing strips and
locking mechanisms. Never aim the water jet
directly at heater air intakes, body and
sunroof seals, or at any components that
might easily be damaged.
Wash your vehicle frequently using a sponge
and generous quantities of cold or lukewarm
water containing a car shampoo. Rinse and dry
off with a chamois leather.
• Do not use hot water!
• Do not use detergent soap products or
washing-up liquid!
• In hot weather, do not wash the vehicle in
direct sunlight.
120
Underbody maintenance
Corrosive materials used for snow and ice
removal and dust control can collect on
underbody parts. If these materials are not
removed, accelerated rusting can occur. Use a
hose to regularly flush the underbody with plain
water, taking particular care to thoroughly clean
those areas where mud and other debris can
easily collect.
Similarly, after off-road driving or wading in
muddy or salt water conditions, use a hose to
wash underbody components and other
exposed parts of the vehicle.
When using a hose, do not direct the jet into the
turbo air intake*, the heater air intake ducts, or
through the wheel trim apertures onto the brake
components, or at the door, window or sunroof
seals, where water pressure could penetrate the
seals.
Steam cleaning
Before steam cleaning the engine
compartment, cover the brake, clutch and
power steering reservoirs to prevent
contamination of fluid. After steam cleaning
carefully re-wax the metallic components,
especially the steering column, engine coolant
pipes, hose clips and the ignition coil clamp, to
prevent corrosion.
 Cleaning & vehicle care
Removing tar spots Glass and mirrors
Use white spirit to remove tar spots and Clean the rear window with a soft cloth to avoid
stubborn grease stains from paintwork. Then damaging the heating elements. DO NOT
wash immediately with soapy water to remove scrape the glass or use an abrasive cleaning
all traces of spirit. fluid.
Mirror glass is particularly susceptible to
Body protection
damage. Wash with soapy water. DO NOT use
After washing, inspect the paintwork for
abrasive cleaning compounds or metal
damage. Any stone chips, fractures or deep
scrapers to remove ice.
scratches in the bodywork should be repaired
promptly. Bare metal will corrode quickly and
can develop into major repair expense. Some
exterior panels of your vehicle are made of
aluminium which will not corrode in the same
manner as steel. However, any damage should
still receive prompt attention. Minor chips and
scratches can be repaired with touch-up
materials available from your dealer. Larger
areas of damage need to be corrected to
professional standards immediately.

Polishing
Occasionally treat the paint surface with an
approved polish containing the following
properties:
• Very mild abrasives to remove surface
contamination without removing or
damaging the paint.
• Filling compounds that will fill scratches and
reduce their visibility.
• Wax to provide a protective coating between
the paint and the elements.

121
 Cleaning & vehicle care
CLEANING THE INTERIOR Carpet and fabrics
Clean with diluted nylon upholstery cleaner -
WARNING test on a concealed area first.
DO NOT use water to clean the dashboard,
damage to the fuses and switches could Clock and radio
occur. Instead, clean sparingly with a damp Clean with a dry cloth only! DO NOT use
cloth and approved upholstery cleaner. cleaning fluids or sprays.

Seat belts
Extend the belts, then use warm water and a
RECOMMENDED CARE PRODUCTS non-detergent soap to clean. Allow the belts to
(Available in the UK) dry naturally, and do not retract them or use the
De icer STC 717 vehicle until they are completely dry.
Alloy wheel cleaner STC 718
Glass cleaner STC 719
Shampoo STC 722
Wax polish STC 723
Screen wash STC 8249

Plastic materials
Clean plastic-faced or cloth covered surfaces
with diluted upholstery cleaner and wipe with a
clean cloth.
NOTE: DO NOT polish fascia components - for
safety, these should remain non-reflective.
Steering wheel and trim features should be
cleaned with a damp cloth moistened with
undiluted upholstery cleaner. Leave for 5
minutes, and then repeat the operation using a
clean cloth and water - but avoid flooding the
area! Dry and polish the trim with a dry, lint-free
cloth. DO NOT use petrol, detergents, furniture
creams or polishes.

122
 Identification Numbers
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN)
Id entificatio n Numb ers

If you need to communicate with a Land Rover

dealer, you may be asked to quote the Vehicle
Identification Number (VIN).
The VIN (and recommended maximum vehicle
weights) is stamped on a plate riveted to the top
of the brake pedal box in the engine
compartment (this should match the VIN
recorded in the Service Portfolio book). The VIN
is also stamped on the right-hand side of the
chassis, forward of the spring mounting turret.
In addition, as a deterrent to car thieves and to
assist the police, the VIN is stamped on a plate
which is visible through the lowest part of the
left side of the windscreen and also on the
vehicle's chassis.

LAND ROVER GROUP LTD

A
B
C
D
E
F
H3551

A. Type approval (where required)

B. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
C. Gross vehicle weight (where required)
D. Gross train weight (where required)
E. Maximum front axle load (where required)
F. Maximum rear axle load (where required)
NOTE: In the interests of safety, it is essential
that the gross vehicle weight, gross train weight
and axle loads are NOT exceeded. For further
information see ‘VEHICLE WEIGHTS’,
page 160.

123
 Parts & Accessories
PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Electrical equipment
Parts & Accesso ries

WARNING WARNING
The fitting of non-approved parts and It is extremely hazardous to fit or replace
accessories, or the carrying out of parts or accessories whose installation
non-approved alterations or conversions, requires the dismantling of, or addition to,
may be dangerous and could affect the safety either the electrical or fuel systems.
of the vehicle and occupants, and also
invalidate the terms and conditions of the Fitting inferior quality parts or accessories, may
vehicle warranty. be dangerous and could invalidate the vehicle
warranty.
Your vehicle has been designed, built and
It is recommended that you always consult a
tested to cope with a variety of off-road driving
Land Rover dealer for advice regarding the
conditions, some of which can place the
approval, suitability, installation and use of any
severest possible demands on control systems
parts or accessories before fitting.
and components. As such, fitting replacement
parts and accessories that have been developed
and tested to the same stringent standards as
the original components will safeguard the
continued reliability, safety and performance of
your vehicle.
To augment the vehicle's already impressive
performance, a comprehensive range of Land
Rover-approved spare parts and accessories is
available, enabling the vehicle to fulfil a wide
variety of roles, and enhancing and protecting
the vehicle in the many tasks to which it can be
applied.
Land Rover parts are the only parts built to
original equipment specifications AND
approved by Land Rover designers; this means
that every single part and accessory has been
rigorously tested by the same engineering team
that designed and built the vehicle and can
therefore be guaranteed for twelve months with
unlimited mileage.
A full list and description of all accessories is
available from your Land Rover dealer.

124
 Parts & Accessories
AFTER SALES SERVICE
The After Sales Parts service is of paramount
importance, both in the UK and across the
world. In the UK there are over 100 authorised
Land Rover dealers, all computer linked for
rapid ordering of parts and accessories.
In addition, with franchised representation in
over 100 countries worldwide, Land Rover are
able to support your vehicle wherever you go.
Only Land Rover dealers are able to provide the
full range of recommended parts and
accessories that meet our rigorous standards
of safety, durability and performance.

Travelling abroad
In certain countries, it is illegal to fit parts which
have not been made to the vehicle
manufacturers' specification.
Owners should ensure that any parts or
accessories fitted to the vehicle while travelling
abroad will also conform to the legal
requirements of their own country when they
return home.

125
126
Emergency Information
Wheel Changing
WHEEL CHANGE TOOL KIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
SPARE WHEEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
LOCKING WHEEL NUTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
CHANGING THE WHEEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Emergency Starting
STARTING AN ENGINE WITH A DISCHARGED
BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
USING BOOSTER CABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
CONNECTING THE BOOSTER CABLES. . . . . . . . 138

Vehicle Recovery
TOWING EYES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
TOWING FOR RECOVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
TRANSPORTER OR TRAILER LASHING. . . . . . . 140

Fuses
FUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
MAIN FUSE BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
SECONDARY FUSE BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Bulb Replacement
REPLACING BULBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
HEADLIGHT UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
SIDE, TAIL, STOP & DIRECTION INDICATOR
LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
REVERSE & REAR FOG GUARD LIGHTS . . . . . . 147
SIDE REPEATER LIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
NUMBER PLATE LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
HIGH MOUNTED STOP LIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
INTERIOR COURTESY LIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
128
 Wheel Changing
Care of the jack
Emergency Information

WHEEL CHANGE TOOL KIT

Wheel Changing

Examine the jack occasionally, clean and grease

Jack and tools
the moving parts, particularly the ram (or
pillar).
The bottle jack oil level should be checked at
normal servicing intervals and, if necessary,
topped up with an hydraulic oil with a viscosity
to BS 4231 grade 32 and ISO proof 32.
To avoid contamination, the bottle jack should
always be returned to its fully closed position
and must always be stowed upright.

H3699 WARNING
After wheel changing, always secure tools,
One of two types of jack will have been supplied chock, jack and spare wheel in their correct
with your vehicle - either a bottle jack or a pillar storage positions.
jack. The operation of each type differs greatly
and it is important to read the appropriate
operating instructions that follow.
The bottle jack* is stowed in a compartment
under the left-hand front seat (see ‘Seat
cushion removal’, page 21 for details of
access). The jack handle and tools (or pillar
jack*) are stowed in bags behind the front seat
in ‘Pick-up’ and ‘Hard-top’ models, and under
the bench seat in ‘Soft-top’ and ‘Station Wagon’
models.

129
 Wheel Changing
SPARE WHEEL
WARNING
• DO NOT use the spare wheel securing nuts
in place of the road wheel nuts, or use the
road wheel nuts to secure the spare wheel
- the nuts are not inter-changeable.
• The wheels are extremely heavy. Take
care when lifting and particularly when
removing the spare wheel from its
mounting position.

H3616

Use the wheel nut wrench supplied in the tool

kit to remove the nuts securing the wheel
cover*.
Similarly, use the wheel nut wrench to remove
the nuts securing the spare wheel to the carrier
and then lift off the wheel.
NOTE: In some markets, vehicles fitted with
alloy wheels have a locking wheel nut fitted to
each wheel, including the spare (see ‘LOCKING
WHEEL NUTS’, page 131). In other markets,
vehicles fitted with alloy wheels have a single
locking wheel nut fitted to the spare wheel only.

130
 Wheel Changing
LOCKING WHEEL NUTS
Vehicles fitted with alloy wheels may be
equipped with a locking wheel nut on each
wheel (including the spare). The locking wheel
nut covers are visually very similar to standard
wheel nuts but can be identified by a concave
indent on the surface. The locking wheel nut
and cover can only be removed using the
special tools provided, as follows:
NOTE: If the extractor tool has been
inadvertently pushed onto a standard wheel
nut, it can be removed ONLY by first undoing
and removing the nut; slide the wheel nut
wrench down the centre of the extractor and
onto the wheel nut.

2 4

1 H2513

Fit the metal key socket (4) securely over the

locking wheel nut.
H2511
Fit the wheel nut wrench onto the key socket
Push the extractor tool (1) firmly over the
and unscrew the nut in the normal way.
stainless steel nut cover (2).
NOTE: A code letter is stamped on the face of
the key socket. Ensure the code letter is entered
in the space provided on your Security
Information card - you will need to quote this
number if replacement components are
required. Keep the card in a safe place away
from the vehicle.
For security reasons, store the key socket and
extractor tool out of sight, in a secure place in
3 the vehicle.

H2512

Pull the extractor tool squarely away from the

wheel to remove the nut cover and reveal the
locking wheel nut (3).

131
 Wheel Changing
CHANGING THE WHEEL Using the wheel chock
If possible, choose a safe place to stop away
from the main thoroughfare. Always ask your
passengers to get out of the vehicle and wait in
a safe area away from other traffic.
NOTE: Switch on the hazard warning lights to
alert other road users.
Before changing a wheel, ensure the front
wheels are in the straight ahead position,
engage the differential lock (warning light
illuminates), apply the handbrake and engage
1st gear in the main gearbox and select ‘L’ in
the transfer box.
Turn off the starter switch and remove the key.
H3605
Observe the following precautions:
• Ensure the jack is positioned on firm, level If possible, position the vehicle on level ground,
ground; NEVER on soft ground, or over chocking the wheel diagonally opposite the one
metal gratings or manhole covers. DO NOT to be removed - chock the front of a front wheel
place additional material between the jack or the back of a rear wheel using the chock
and the ground, this may jeopardise the provided.
safety of the jacking operation. If jacking the vehicle on a slope is unavoidable,
• Always use the wheel chock as directed. place the chock on the downhill side of the
• NEVER raise the vehicle with passengers opposite wheel furthest from the wheel to be
inside, or with a caravan or trailer raised.
connected! NOTE: The wheel chock is stowed in a
compartment under the left-hand front seat
WARNING (see ‘Seat cushion removal’, page 21 for details
Before raising the vehicle, it is ESSENTIAL to of access).
chock one of the road wheels; the handbrake
acts on the transmission, not on the rear
wheels, and therefore may not hold the
vehicle when raised.

132
 Wheel Changing
Operating the bottle jack
2 1
3 4
H3763
Slot the two parts of the jack lever together,
ensuring that the spring clip protrudes from the
engagement slot where the two parts join (see
inset ‘A’). Close the jack release valve by using
the notched end of the jack lever to turn the
valve fully clockwise (see inset ‘B’). Insert the
lever into the socket as shown (inset ‘C’) and
twist the lever to lock it into the socket.
Pump the lever up and down to raise the jack.
To lower the jack, detach the lever (twist and
pull) and then slot the notched end over the
pegs on the release valve. Slowly turn the
release valve anti-clockwise allowing the weight
of the vehicle to lower the jack.
DO NOT fully unscrew the release valve.
133
Positioning the bottle jack
WARNING
NEVER work beneath the vehicle with the jack
as the only means of support. The jack is
designed for wheel changing only!
NEVER use the jack from the side of the
vehicle.
ALWAYS use the complete, two piece jack
lever throughout, to minimise any accidental
damage, injury from underbody parts or
contact with a hot exhaust system.
ONLY jack the vehicle using the jack location
points described, or damage to the vehicle
could occur.
Always position the jack from the front or rear
of the vehicle, directly in line with the jacking
points and ensure that it is positioned on firm,
level ground.
H3764
Front jacking point
Position the jack so that, when raised, it
engages with the front axle casing immediately
below the coil spring. The jack cradle must
locate between the flange at the end of the axle
casing and the large bracket to which the front
suspension members are mounted.
 Wheel Changing

H3765

Rear jacking point

Push the mud flap up over the tyre to allow

clear access (return it to its correct position
when the wheel change is complete). Position
the jack so that, when raised, it engages with
the rear axle casing immediately below the coil
spring and as close as possible to the shock
absorber mounting bracket.

134
 Wheel Changing
Operating the pillar jack* 1. If changing a front wheel, remove the
rubber plug (1) from the jacking tube
nearest the wheel to be changed.
4
2. Fully insert the jack pillar (2) into the base
(3).
3. Fit the ratchet handle (4) to the top of the
pillar and adjust the height of the jacking
peg (5) so that it can be inserted fully into
the jacking tube.
NOTE: The jack handle operates as a ratchet -
one side raises the jack, then turn the handle
over to lower the jack.

2 1 WARNING
5 ENSURE that you are familiar with operating
the jack BEFORE using it to raise a vehicle.
ONLY jack the vehicle using the jacking points
3 described, or personal injury or damage to
H3620 the vehicle could occur.
Front jacking point
DO NOT use the jack without the base fitted -
the vehicle would not be properly supported
4 and could cause personal injury.
ENSURE that the jacking peg is engaged in the
jacking tube fully, as far as the shoulder
(arrowed in illustration).

3
5

H3621
Rear jacking point

135
 Wheel Changing
Changing a wheel
Before raising the vehicle, ensure that all
precautions listed at the beginning of this
section have been observed.
1. Use the wheel nut wrench to slacken the
wheel nuts half a turn anti-clockwise.
2. Raise the vehicle until the tyre is clear of
the ground.
3. Remove the wheel nuts and place to one
side to prevent them from being lost.
4. Remove the road wheel.
NOTE: DO NOT damage the surface of the
wheel by placing it face down on the road.
5. On alloy wheels, use an approved
anti-seize compound to treat the wheel
mounting spigot. This will minimise any
tendency for adhesion between the wheel
and the spigot.
Ensure that no compound comes into
contact with the brake components or the
flat mounting surfaces of the wheel.
If, due to an emergency situation, this
treatment is not practicable; refit the spare
wheel for the time being, but remove and
treat the wheel at the earliest opportunity.
6. Fit the spare wheel and lightly tighten the
wheel nuts, ensuring they are firmly
seated. DO NOT fully tighten whilst the
tyre is clear of the ground.
136
WARNING
When fitting a wheel, ensure that the mating
faces of the hub and wheel are clean and free
from rust or anti-seize compound - any
accumulation of dirt or rust could cause the
wheel nuts to become loose and result in an
accident.
7. Ensure that the space under and around
the vehicle is free from obstructions then
lower the vehicle and remove the jack and
wheel chock.
8. Fully tighten the wheel nuts in an
alternating pattern until all are tightened.
DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN by using foot
pressure or extension bars on the wheel
nut wrench, as this could overstress the
wheel studs. Check the wheel nut torque at
the earliest opportunity.
9. Return tools, chock, jack and spare wheel
in their correct storage positions.
10. REMEMBER to disengage the differential
lock and change to ‘H’ (high range) before
driving.
11. Finally, check the tyre pressure at the
earliest opportunity (see ‘WHEELS &
TYRES’, page 156).
 Emergency Starting
STARTING AN ENGINE WITH A USING BOOSTER CABLES
Emergency Starting

DISCHARGED BATTERY If a donor vehicle is to be used, both vehicles

Using booster cables (jump leads) from a should be parked with their battery locations
donor battery, or a battery fitted to a donor adjacent to each other. Ensure that the two
vehicle, is the only approved method of starting vehicles do not touch.
a vehicle with a discharged battery. Push or tow
Apply the handbrakes and ensure that the
starting is NOT recommended!
transmission of both vehicles is set in neutral
(‘P’ or Park for donor vehicles with automatic
WARNING transmission).
During normal use, batteries emit explosive
hydrogen gas sufficient to cause severe Turn off the starter switch and ALL electrical
explosions capable of causing serious injury - equipment of BOTH vehicles, then follow the
keep sparks and naked lights away from the connection instructions on the following page.
engine compartment.
DO NOT attempt to start the vehicle if the
electrolyte in the battery is suspected of being
frozen.
Make sure BOTH batteries are of the same
voltage (12 volts), and that the booster cables
have insulated clamps and are approved for
use with 12 volt batteries.
DO NOT disconnect the discharged battery.
DO NOT connect positive (+) terminals to
negative (-) terminals, and ensure booster
cables are kept away from any moving parts
in the engine compartment.
Take care when working near rotating parts of
the engine.

137
 Emergency Starting
CONNECTING THE BOOSTER CABLES
+ • DO NOT connect the BLACK cable to the
+ + +
H3646
Always adopt the following procedure,
ensuring the cables are connected in the
order shown below:
1. Connect one end of the RED booster cable
to the positive (+) terminal of the donor
battery.
2. Connect the other end of the RED booster
cable to the positive (+) terminal of the
discharged battery.
3. Connect one end of the BLACK booster
cable to the negative (-) terminal of the
donor battery.
4. Connect the other end of the BLACK
booster cable to a good earth point (e.g.
an engine mounting or other unpainted
surface) away from fuel and brake lines on
the disabled vehicle and at least 0.5 m
away from the discharged battery.
138
WARNING
For safety reasons:
negative terminal of the discharged
battery - if in doubt, seek qualified
assistance.
• ENSURE that each connection is securely
made and that there is no risk of the clips
accidentally slipping or being pulled from
the battery terminals - this could cause
sparking, which could lead to fire or
explosion.
Check that the cables are clear of any moving
parts of both engines, then start the engine of
the donor vehicle and allow it to idle for a few
minutes.
Now start the vehicle with the discharged
battery. Once both engines are running
normally, allow them to idle for two minutes
before switching off the engine of the donor
vehicle.
DO NOT switch on any electrical circuits on the
previously disabled vehicle until AFTER the
booster cables have been removed.
Disconnecting the booster cables must be an
EXACT reversal of the procedure used to
connect them, i.e: disconnect the BLACK cable
from the earth point on the disabled vehicle
FIRST.
 Vehicle Recovery
TOWING EYES TOWING FOR RECOVERY
Veh icle Recovery

Most vehicle recovery specialists will load your

vehicle onto a trailer. However, if it is necessary
to recover the vehicle by towing with all four
wheels on the ground, observe the following
procedure:

Towing the vehicle (on four wheels)

H3702
WARNING
The towing eyes at the front and rear of the
vehicle are designed for on-road vehicle
recovery purposes only and must NOT be used
to tow a trailer or caravan.
1. With the handbrake applied, set both the
main gearbox and transfer box in neutral.
2. Ensure the differential lock is in the
unlocked position.
3. Turn the starter switch to the first position
to unlock the steering, and then to position
‘II’ if it will be necessary to operate the
brake lights and direction indicators.
4. Secure the towing attachment to the front
towing eyes of the distressed vehicle.
5. Release the handbrake.
NOTE: If, due to an accident or electrical fault, it
is not considered safe to turn the starter switch,
the battery should first be disconnected.

WARNING
DO NOT attempt to tow the vehicle unless the
starter switch is turned to position ‘I’.
DO NOT remove the key or turn the starter
switch to position ‘0’ while the vehicle is in
motion; the starter switch must be at position
‘I’ to unlock the steering.
Without the engine running, the brake servo
and power steering pump cannot provide
assistance; greater effort will therefore be
required to operate the brake pedal and turn
the steering wheel. Longer stopping
distances will also be experienced.

139
 Vehicle Recovery
Suspended tow

WARNING
Your vehicle has permanent four wheel drive
- the propeller shaft MUST be detached from
the axle to be trailed before towing.

If the front axle is to be trailed, ALWAYS adhere

to the following precautions:
• Ensure the four bolts securing the front
propeller shaft to the gearbox are tightly
secured with the appropriate nuts after
disconnecting the propeller shaft -
otherwise serious damage to the gearbox
may occur.
• Unlock the steering.
• Secure the steering wheel and/or linkage in
the straight ahead position - the steering
lock MUST NOT be used for this purpose.

WARNING
The propeller shaft MUST only be
reconnected by a qualified Land Rover
engineer. Contact your Land Rover dealer for
further information.

TRANSPORTER OR TRAILER LASHING

Use the towing rings on the front and rear cross
members as lashing points (see illustration).
DO NOT secure lashing hooks or trailer fixings
to any other part of the vehicle.

140
 Fuses
FUSES MAIN FUSE BOX
Fuses

Fuses are simple circuit devices which protect

electrical equipment against the effects of
excess current.
A ‘blown’ fuse is indicated when the electrical
equipment it protects becomes inoperative.
Fuses are colour coded to help identify their
amperage, as follows:

Fuse colours

VIOLET 3 amp
TAN 5 amp
BROWN 7.5 amp
RED 10 amp
H3750
BLUE 15 amp
YELLOW 20 amp The main fuse box is fitted below and to one
WHITE 25 amp side of the steering column; to access the
GREEN 30 amp fuses, remove the cover by turning the fixing
screws fully anti-clockwise.
ORANGE 40 amp
Checking or renewing a fuse
Always turn the starter switch to position ‘O’
and switch off the affected electrical circuit
before removing a fuse.

WARNING
Fit only replacement fuses of the same rating
and type. Always rectify the cause of the
failure before replacing a fuse. Seek qualified
assistance if necessary.

141
 Fuses

20A

10A
10A
10A
10A
10A
15A
10A
5A
5A

10A
10A
10A
10A
10A

10A
10A
10A
10A
10A
30A
20A
20A
20A
20A
15A

20A
30A
5A

H3751

A break in the wire inside the fuse indicates that

the fuse has 'blown' and must be replaced.
Always replace a fuse with another of the same
value, however, if the replacement fuse blows
immediately the circuit MUST be checked by a
qualified dealer.
NOTE: There are a number of spare fuses
housed on the underside of the fuse box cover
(arrowed in illustration).
A label in the fuse box cover shows the circuits
protected, the fuse values and their locations.
They are also listed on the following page.

142
 Fuses
Fuse specification
Fuse number Rating (amps) Circuit protected
8 10 Alarm system, ignition
9 15 Wipers & washers - front
10 10 Wipers & washers - rear
11 10 Anti-lock brakes*
12 10 Engine ECU (Td5 engine)
13 10 Brake lights
14 10 Reversing lights, glow plugs
15 5 Headlights (dim dip), ignition, air
conditioning, cooling fan, instruments, heated
rear window, warning lights
16 20 Cigar lighter, heater blower
17 5 Radio
18 10 Side lights - LH, instrument illumination
19 10 Side lights - RH
20 10 Switch illumination, headlight levelling
21 10 Indicators
22 10 Headlight dipped beam - RH
23 10 Headlight dipped beam - LH
24 10 Headlight main beam - RH
25 10 Headlight main beam - LH
26 10 Rear fog guard light
27 10 Alarm sounder
28 30 Air conditioning blower
29 20 Air conditioning compressor, cooling fan
30 10 Interior lights, instruments, radio, diagnostic
connector
31 15 Hazard warning lights
32 20 Heated rear window
33 20 Heated seats*
34 20 Electric window - RH
35 20 Electric window - LH
36 30 Heated front screen*
37 - -

143
 Fuses
SECONDARY FUSE BOX
Fuse Value Circuit protected
WARNING No. (amps)
Fit only replacement fuses of the same rating 1 30 ABS
and type. Always rectify the cause of a failure
2 20 Accessory socket,
before replacing a fuse. Seek qualified
trailer
assistance if necessary.
3 20 Horn
4 20 Fuel pump
5 30 Main relay
20 7 6 15 Alarm, hazards
15 6 7 20 Alarm sounder, CDL
30 5
20 4
20 3 Owners are advised against removing or
20 2 replacing the relays identified on the
30 1 underside of the fuse box lid as:
GLOW PLUG (100A), AIR CON (60A), SPARE
(60A), ABS PUMP RELAY (30A), IGNITION
(60A) and LIGHTS (30A).
Failure of any of these items should be
investigated by a qualified technician.
NOTE: On TD5 models, an additional fuse is
taped to the wiring harness alongside the
secondary fuse box. This fuse protects the
engine management sensors

H3602

The secondary fuse box is located under the

right hand front seat (see ‘Seat cushion
removal’, page 21 for access procedure).
Press the catch (arrowed in illustration) to
release the cover.
Information on the underside of the cover
identifies the fuses and their ratings. This
information is also listed below.

144
 Bulb Replacement
REPLACING BULBS Halogen bulbs
Bulb Replacement

Check the operation of all exterior lights before Halogen bulbs are used for headlights. Take
you drive the vehicle. care NOT to touch this type of bulb with your
fingers; always use a cloth to handle them. If
necessary, clean the bulb with methylated
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
spirits to remove fingerprints.
Before replacing a bulb, always switch off
the starter switch and appropriate lighting
switch to prevent any possibility of a short
circuit. Only replace bulbs with the same
type and specification.

Replacement bulbs

Bulb Watts
Headlights dipped/main beam 60/55
Front side lights 5
Direction indicators 21
Side repeater lights 5
Reverse lights 21
Rear fog guard lights 21
Tail lights 5
Stop lights 21
High mounted stop light 21
Number plate lights 4
Interior courtesy lights 10

NOTE: All bulbs must be rated at 12 volts

145
 Bulb Replacement

5 7 6

2
3

1 2 3

1 4
H3641

HEADLIGHT UNIT Headlight bulb replacement

Light unit removal
To replace the headlight bulb, remove the light
unit as follows:
• Remove the four screws (1) retaining the
side and direction indicator lights (2),
release them forward and disconnect the
electrical connectors.
• Remove the two screws (3) and withdraw
the plastic finisher (4).
• Remove the headlight retaining screw (5),
rotate the headlight clockwise to disengage
and lift out the headlight.
Disconnect the electrical multi-plug (6) and
remove the rubber cover. Release the spring
clip (7) which holds the bulb and withdraw the
bulb from the light unit.
When replacing the bulb, ensure that the larger
tab is pointing towards the top of the headlight,
then secure the spring clip.
Replace the rubber cover, pressing the centre
firmly to seal around the electrical contacts of
the bulb, then refit the multi-plug.
NOTE: Do not touch the bulb glass with your
fingers. If necessary, clean the bulb with
methylated spirits.

146
 Bulb Replacement
SIDE, TAIL, STOP & DIRECTION SIDE REPEATER LIGHT
INDICATOR LIGHTS

H3654

H3655
Remove the two retaining screws and withdraw
the unit. Twist the lens anti-clockwise to release
Push the lens firmly to the left and withdraw the
the bulb unit and push and twist the bulb to
light unit from the wing. Twist to release the
remove.
bulb holder from the lens unit, then pull the
bulb from its socket.
REVERSE & REAR FOG GUARD LIGHTS
When refitting, ensure that the little tabs
(arrowed in illustration) are pointed to the right
and are inserted into the aperture before
pushing the light unit into position in the wing.

H3658

Remove the retaining screws and withdraw the

lens, then push and twist to release the bulb.

147
 Bulb Replacement
NUMBER PLATE LIGHTS INTERIOR COURTESY LIGHTS

H3656

There are two bulbs in the number plate light

unit. To access, remove the securing screw,
remove the cover and twist to remove the
appropriate bulb.
HIGH MOUNTED STOP LIGHT
H3622
Insert a small flat-bladed screwdriver into the
indent on the side of the lens and carefully prise
the lens from the light unit, then ease the bulb
from the bulb holders to remove.
When replacing the lens, first locate the lug
(arrowed in illustration), then push the lens into
position.

H3657

Remove both retaining screws and the cover

from the rear of the light unit. Twist the bulb
holder anti-clockwise to remove. Push and
twist anti-clockwise to release the bulb.

148
Technical Data
Technical Data
LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
CAPACITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
ENGINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
STEERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
WHEELS & TYRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
VEHICLE WEIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
TOWING WEIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
TOW BAR DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
FUEL CONSUMPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
150
 Technical Data
T echnical Data

LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS

T echnical Data

Recommendations for all climates and conditions.

50

40

30

20

˚C 10

-10

-20

-30
5W/30 5W/40 5W/50 10W/30 10W/40 10W/50 10W/60
H3540

Engine oil - Td5 engines

Use a 5W/30, 5W/40, 5W/50 oil meeting specification ACEA: A1 and B1, and having a viscosity band
recommended for the temperature range of your locality.
NOTE: ACEA B2 oils are also suitable.

Engine oil - Tdi engines

Use a 5W/30, 5W/40, 5W/50, 10W/30, 10W/40 or 10W/50 oil meeting specification ACEA: B2 and
having a viscosity band recommended for the temperature range of your locality.
NOTE: ACEA B2 oils are also suitable.

Main gearbox
Use Texaco MTF 94 oil.

Transfer gearbox
Multigear Texaco 75W/90R or oil to meet API GL5.

Final drive units

Molytex 90W EP.

Power steering
ATF M2C 33 (F or G) or L ATF Dexron IID, IIE or III.

151
 Technical Data
Lubrication nipples
(hubs, ball joints, prop. shafts, etc.)
NLGI-2 Multipurpose Lithium based grease.

Brake & clutch reservoirs

Universal brake fluids or any brake fluid having a minimum boiling point of 260°C (500°F) and
complying with FMVSS 116 DOT4.

Windscreen washers
Screen washer fluid.

Engine cooling system

Use Havoline Extended Life Coolant (XLC), or any ethylene glycol based anti-freeze (containing no
methanol) with only Organic Acid Technology (OAT) corrosion inhibitors. Use one part anti-freeze to
one part water for protection down to -36° C (-33° F).

Air conditioning compressor

Nippondenso ND-8 or Unipart ND-8.

Door locks (anti-burst) and inertia reel seat belts

DO NOT LUBRICATE. These components are lubricated for life during manufacture.

152
 Technical Data
CAPACITIES
The following capacities are approximate and provided as a guide only. All oil levels must be checked
using the dipstick or level plugs as applicable.

Fuel tank:
- 110 & 130 models 75 litre (16.50 gall)
- 90 models 60 litre (13.20 gall)
Engine oil (from dry):
- Td5 engines 7,2 litre (12.67 pt)
- Tdi engines 5,8 litre (10.15 pt)
Additional capacity after fitting new oil filter:
- Td5 engines 1,00 litre (1.76 pt)
- Tdi engines 0,85 litre (1.50 pt)
Main gearbox 2,38 litre (4.19 pt)
Transfer box 2,30 litre (4.0 pt)
Front differential 1,70 litre (2.9 pt)
Rear differential: 1,70 litre (2.9 pt)
- 110 & 130 models 2,26 litre (4.0 pt)
- 90 models 1,70 litre (3.0 pt)
Cooling system:
- Td5 engines 13,0 litre (22.88 pt)
- Tdi engines 11,10 litre (20.0 pt)

153
 Technical Data
ENGINES
Td5 Diesel
Fuel Diesel or Automotive Gas Oil (AGO) to EN 590
specification
Capacity 2498 cm3 (154 in 3)
Firing order 1-2-4-5-3
Bore 84,45 mm (3.3248 in)
Stroke 88,95 mm (3.5020 in)
Number of cylinders 5
Compression ratio 19.5:1

Tdi Diesel
Fuel Diesel or Automotive Gas Oil (AGO) to EN 590
specification
Capacity 2495 cm3 (152 in 3)
Firing order 1-3-4-2
Bore 90,47 mm (3.562 in)
Stroke 97,00 mm (3.819 in)
Number of cylinders 4
Compression ratio 19.5:1

154
 Technical Data
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Battery type:
- Td5 engines Delphi YGD 100860, sealed for life
- Tdi engines Delphi YGD 100850, sealed for life

Battery rating:
- Td5 engines 100 amp/hr
- Tdi engines 72 amp/hr

Voltage and polarity 12 V, negative (-) earth

Charging circuit Alternator

STEERING

Steering wheel turns lock to lock:

- Manual steering 4.3
- Power assisted steering 3.38
Turning circle between kerbs:
- 90 models 11,7 m (38.4 ft) minimum
- 110 models 13,41 m (44 ft) minimum
- 130 models 15,24 m (50 ft) minimum
Camber angle 0°
Castor angle 3°
Swivel pin inclination 7°
Front wheel toe-out included angle 0 to 2 mm

155
 Technical Data
WHEELS & TYRES
Tyre pressures (normal - all load conditions)

90 models:
Loading condition Pressure - bar (lbf/in2)
205/80 R16 radial & 750 R16 radial Front 1.9 (28)
Rear 2.6 (38)

110 models:
Loading condition Pressure - bar (lbf/in2)
235/85 R16 radial & 750 R16 radial Front 1.9 (28)
Rear 3.3 (48)

130 models:
Loading condition Pressure - bar (lbf/in2)
750 R16 radial Front 3.0 (44)
Rear 4.5 (65)

NOTE: Tyre pressures must be checked with the tyres cold, as the pressure is about 0.21 bar
(3 lbf/in2) higher at running temperature. If the vehicle has been parked in the sun or high ambient
temperatures, DO NOT reduce the tyre pressures, move the vehicle into the shade and wait for the
tyres to cool before checking the pressures.

WARNING
ALWAYS use the same make and type of
radial-ply tyres, front and rear. DO NOT use
cross-ply tyres or interchange tyres from
front to rear.
If the wheel is marked ‘TUBED’, an inner tube
MUST be fitted, even with a tubeless tyre.
If the wheel is marked ‘TUBELESS’, an inner
tube must NOT be fitted.

156
 Technical Data
DIMENSIONS

DEFENDER

C D G
E
A F
H3752
110 Station Wagon illustrated

90 models

A Overall width 1790 mm (70.5 in)

B Overall height: 1940 mm (76.4 in)
- Soft top 1965 mm (77.4 in)
- Pick-up & Station Wagon 1963 mm (77.3 in)
- Hard top 1972 mm (77.6 in)
C See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
D See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
E Wheelbase 2360 mm (92.9 in)
F Overall length:
- Soft top & Pick-up 3722 mm (146.5 in)
- Hard top & Station Wagon 3883 mm (152.9 in)
G See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
Track - front/rear 1486 mm (58.5 in)
Width between wheel boxes 925 mm (36.4 in)

157
 Technical Data
110 models

A Overall width 1790 mm (70.5 in)

B Overall height 2035 mm (80.1 in)
C See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
D See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
E Wheelbase 2794 mm (110 in)
F Overall length:
Soft top & Pick-up 4438 mm (175 in)
High capacity pick-up 4631 mm (182 in)
Hard top, Station Wagon & County 4599 mm (181 in)
G See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
Track - front/rear 1486 mm (58.5 in)
Width between wheel boxes:
- High capacity pick-up 1090 mm (43 in)
- All other models 925 mm (36.4 in)

130 models

A Overall width 1790 mm (70.5 in)

B Overall height 2035 mm (80.1 in)
C See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
D See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
E Wheelbase 3226 mm (127 in)
F Overall length 5132 mm (202 in)
G See ‘OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE’, page 159
Track - front/rear 1486 mm (58.5 in)
Width between wheel boxes 1090 mm (43 in)

158
 Technical Data
OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE
90 models

Maximum gradient (at EEC kerb weight) 45°

C Approach angle (at EEC kerb weight):
- Soft top & Pick-up 48°
- Hard top & Station Wagon 51.5°
D Ramp breakover angle (at EEC kerb weight):
- Soft top & Pick-up 145º
- Hard top & Station Wagon 141º
G Departure angle (at EEC kerb weight)
- Soft top & Pick-up 49°
- Hard top & Station Wagon 53°
Wading depth 500 mm (21.0 in)
Minimum ground clearance (unladen): 253.5 mm (10.0 in)
- Soft top & Pick-up 191 mm (7.5 in)
- Hard top & Station Wagon 229 mm (9.0 in)

NOTE: Departure angles do not account for the addition of a tow hitch.

110 & 130 models

Maximum gradient (at EEC kerb weight) 45°

C Approach angle (at EEC kerb weight) 50°
D Ramp breakover angle (at EEC kerb weight):
- 110 models 152º
- 130 models 155º
G Departure angle (at EEC kerb weight):
- 110 models 35°
- 130 models 34°
Wading depth 500 mm (21.0 in)
Minimum ground clearance (unladen) 215 mm (8.5 in)

NOTE: Departure angles do not account for the addition of a tow hitch.

159
 Technical Data
VEHICLE WEIGHTS
Axle weights and Gross vehicle weight

90 models
Maximum front axle weight 1200 kg (2645 lb)
Maximum rear axle weight 1500 kg (3307 lb)
Gross vehicle weight:
- Station Wagon 2550 kg (5622 lb)
- Utility vehicles 2400 kg (5291 lb)

110 models
Maximum front axle weight 1200 kg (2645 lb)
Maximum rear axle weight:
- Station Wagon 1750 kg (3858 lb)
- Utility vehicles 1850 kg (4078 lb)
Gross vehicle weight:
- Station Wagon 2950 kg (6503 lb)
- Utility vehicles 3050 kg (6724 lb)

Heavy duty 110 & 130 models

Maximum front axle weight 1580 kg (3483 lb)
Maximum rear axle weight 2200 kg (4850 lb)
Gross vehicle weight 3500 kg (7716 lb)

NOTE: Axle weights are non additive. The individual maximum axle weights and gross vehicle
weights must not be exceeded.

160
 Technical Data
EEC Kerb weights (unladen weight + full fuel tank + 75 kg driver, excluding options)

90 models Standard High load

Soft top & Pick-up:
- Td5 engines 1770 kg (3402 lb) 1993 kg (4393 lb)
- Tdi engines 1694 kg (3734 lb) 1698 kg (3743 lb)
Hard top:
- Td5 engines 1815 kg (4001 lb) 1987 kg (4380 lb)
- Tdi models 1746 kg (3849 lb) 1750 kg (3858 lb)
Station Wagon:
- Td5 engines 1870 kg - 1885 kg 1989 kg - 1998 kg
(4122 lb - 4155 lb) 4385 lb - 4404 lb)
- Tdi engines 1793 kg (3952 lb) 1797 kg (3961 lb)

110 models
Soft top & Pick-up:
- Td5 engines 1885 kg - 2080 kg (4155 lb - 4585 lb)
- Tdi engines 1890 kg (4166 lb)
High capacity pick-up:
- Td5 engines 1920 kg - 2122 kg (4232 lb - 4678 lb)
- Tdi engines 1927 kg (4248 lb)
Hard top:
- Td5 engines 1920 kg - 2110 kg (4232 lb - 4651 lb)
- Tdi engines 1923 kg (4239 lb)
Station Wagon
- Td5 engines 2055 kg - 2229 kg (4530 lb - 4914 lb)
- Tdi engines 2028 kg - 2064 kg (4470 lb - 4550 lb)

130 models
Td5 models 2117 kg - 2286 kg (4667 lb - 5039 lb)
Tdi models 2086 kg (4598 lb)

161
 Technical Data
TOWING WEIGHTS

Maximum permissible towed weights On-road Off-road

Unbraked trailers 750 kg (1653 lb) 500 kg (1102 lb)
Trailers with overrun brakes 3500 kg (7716 lb) 1000 kg (2204 lb)
4 wheel trailers with coupled brakes† 3500 kg (7716 lb) 1000 kg (2204 lb)
Nose weight 150 kg (330 lb) 150 kg (330 lb)
Maximum roof rack load 150 kg (330 lb) 30 kg (66 lb)

162
 Technical Data
TOW BAR DIMENSIONS

F G

B
E

A D
H3875

90 110/130 HCPU
A Wheel centre to centre of towball 796 mm 1005mm 1200 mm
B Centre of inner attachment points to centre of towball 86 mm 86 mm 86 mm
C Centre inner attachments to centre outer attachments 86 mm 82 mm 82 mm
D Centre inner attachments to centre outer attachments 208 mm 301 mm 301 mm
E Centre inner attachments to centre of towball 107 mm 107 mm 303 mm
F Distance between centres of inner attachments 313 mm 313 mm 313 mm
G Distance between centres of outer attachments 744 mm 635 mm 635 mm
Dimensions refer to towing equipment officially released by Land Rover

163
 Technical Data
FUEL CONSUMPTION
The fuel consumption figures shown below have been calculated using a standard testing procedure
(the new EC test procedure from Directive 93/116/EC), and produced in accordance with The
Passenger Car Fuel Consumption (Amendment) Order 1996. Under normal use, a vehicle's actual
fuel consumption figures may differ from those achieved through the test procedure, depending on
driving technique, road and traffic conditions, environmental factors, vehicle load and condition.

Fuel consumption figures

URBAN EXTRA-URBAN COMBINED
mpg l/100km mpg l/100km mpg l/100km
Td5 90 23.5 12.0 31.5 9.0 28.0 10.1
Td5 110 & 130 22.3 12.7 29.2 9.7 26.2 10.8

Urban cycle
The urban test cycle is carried out from a cold start and consists of a series of accelerations,
decelerations and periods of steady speed driving and engine idling. The maximum speed attained
during the test is 31 mph (50 km/h) with an average speed of 12 mph (19 km/h).

Extra-urban cycle
The extra urban test cycle is carried out immediately after the urban test. Approximately half of the
test comprises steady-speed driving, while the remainder consists of a series of accelerations,
decelerations and engine idling. The maximum test speed is 75 mph (120 km/h) and the average
speed 39 mph (63 km/h). The test is carried out over a distance of 4.3 miles (7 km).

Combined
The combined figure is an average of the urban and extra-urban test cycle results, which has been
weighted to take account of the different distances covered during the two tests.
NOTE: These figures should not be compared with the figures produced using the ECE/EEC
procedure previously required by The Passenger Car Fuel Consumption Order 1983. Because of the
changes in test procedure, even the urban figures would differ if the same car were subjected to both
tests.

164
 Appendices
Appendices

DECLARATIONS OF CONFORMITY
Appendices

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
The Declarations of Conformity detailed on the following pages
are from manufacturers of RF (Radio Frequency) equipment,
whose components are used in the manufacture of your Land
Rover Defender.

These manufacturers state that their components comply with

relevant rules of the R & TTE (Radio and Telecommunication
Terminal Equipment) directive.

The directive requires the manufacturer of short range radio

devices to self certify that RF parts fitted to Land Rover
vehicles are fit for use and that the declarations are supplied
with the vehicle documentation. If at a future date a technical
inspection is required, the declarations will provide all
necessary information.

NOTE: The Declarations of Conformity are published in the native language of

the RF equipment manufacturer, in compliance with the R & TTE Directive.

I
Appendices

II
Appendices

III
IV
 Index
A Catalytic converter 64
Child seats 30
Accessories 124
Aerial 56 Child-proof door locks 19
Cigar lighter 52
Air blower control 46
Cleaning (exterior) 120
Air conditioning 48
Cleaning (interior) 122
Air conditioning - air vents 48
Clock 32, 51
Air conditioning - blower control 48
Air conditioning - temperature control 48 Cold climates (starting - diesel) 60
Controls 9
Air distribution control 46
Coolant
Air temperature controls 46
check & top-up 105
Air vents 45
Alarm 11 replacement 97
troubleshooting 18 specification 106
Alarm indicator light 13 Cooling system 105
Anti-freeze 106 Courtesy lights
Anti-lock braking (ABS) 74 bulb replacement 148
Anti-theft alarm 11 operation 51
Audio equipment 56 Cubby box 53
Auxiliary equipment (use of) 63
Axle loads 160 D
Demisting 47
B Differential lock 34
Battery Differential lock (diff lock) 71
charging 116 Dimensions 157
disposal 116 Direction indicators
maintenance 115 bulb replacement 147
remove & replace 115 operation 36
safety 114 Door mirrors 31
specification 155 Doors
Bonnet opening 101 tail door 19
Booster cables 137 Driving 61, 64, 69
Brake fluid
fluid check & top-up 108, 109 E
replacement 97 Electric windows 43
specification 108, 109 Electronic traction control 76
Emergency key access code 15
Brakes
anti-lock brakes (ABS) 74 Emergency starting 137
Emergency towing 139
brake pads 73 Emission control system 63, 100
foot brake 73 Engine
handbrake 74 compartment (diesel) 102, 103
servo assistance 73 data 154
warning light (ABS) 75 fuse box 144
Breakdown recovery 139 running-in 61
Bulb replacement 145 starting (diesel) 60
warming-up 61
C Engine immobilisation 15
Capacities 153
Carpets (cleaning) 122

169
 Index
Engine oil Handset
check & top-up 104 battery replacement 16
disposal (used oil) 99 operation 11
specification 104 replacement 11
Exterior mirrors 31 Hazard warning lights 35, 38
Head restraints 21
F Headlights
Face level vents 45 bulb replacement 146
Fan speed control 46 levelling 37
Fluid specifications 151 operation 36
Fog lights (rear) Heated front screen 50
operation 38 Heated front seats 22
Front seats 20 Heated rear window 50
Fuel Heater controls 46
consumption 164 Heating 47
cut-off switch 68 Height (of vehicle) 61
economy 62 High-mounted stop light
bulb replacement 148
empty tank 67
Horn 41
filler 65
filling 67 I
gauge 32
Ignition switch 59
priming (diesel) 67 In-car entertainment 56
safety 65 Indicators
specification 66 operation 36
tank capacity 153 Information labels 5
Fuel filter 107 Instrument panel
Fuel sedimenter 107 cleaning 122
Fuse box instruments 32
engine compartment 144 warning lights 33
main 141 Interior (cleaning) 122
Fuses 141 Interior lights
bulb replacement 148
G operation 51
Gauges Interior rear-view mirror 53
fuel 32 Interior space protection 14
speedometer 32
temperature 32 J
Gearbox (manual) 69 Jack (wheel changing) 129
Gearbox (transfer box) 70 Jacking the vehicle 133
General data 151 Jump leads 137
Gross weights 160 Jump starting 138
Ground clearance 87
K
H Key access code 15
Halogen bulbs 145 Key/handset numbers 11
Hand throttle 81 Keys 11
Handbrake 74

170
 Index
L Power steering 62
emergency operation 110
Labels 5
Lights (exterior) fluid check & top-up 110
direction indicators 36 Power take-off drives 81
side,tail, headlights 36 Punctured tyres 118
Lights (interior)
courtesy 51 R
loadspace 51 Radio 56
Radio aerial 56
Load carrying
Radio/cassette player
rear seat folding 23
aerial 56
roof rack 79
Rear fog guard lights
Loadspace light bulb replacement 147
operation 51
Rear seats 23
Locking 11, 19 Rear window demister 50
Locking wheel nuts 131 Rear window wash/wipe 40
Lubricant specifications 151 Rear-view mirror 53
Recovery (of vehicle) 139
M Remote handset battery 16
Maintenance 5, 97, 98 Reverse lights
Manual gearbox 69 bulb replacement 147
Mirror (interior) 53 Road testing on dynamometers 100
Mirrors (exterior) Roof rack 79
adjustment 31 Running-in 61
cleaning 121
folding 31 S
Mislock 13 Safety in the garage 99
Mobile phones 55 Safety on the forecourt 65
Screen wash 111
N Seat belt
Number plate lights care 29
bulb replacement 148 cleaning 122
operation 28
O safety 27
Odometer (distance recorder) 32 testing 29
Off-road driving 75, 85 Seat belts
Oil (engine) lap belts 28
check & top-up 104 Seat heaters 22
disposal 99 Seats
specification 104 child seats 30
Owner maintenance 98 cushion removal 21
heated 22
P rear 23
Parts & accessories 124 Seats - front 20
Pillar jack 135 Security card 4
Poisonous fluids 99 Service portfolio book 5, 97
Polishing (the bodywork) 121 Servo assistance (brakes) 73
Side repeater light
bulb replacement 147

171
 Index
Sidelights Tyre
bulb replacement 147 pressures 117, 156
operation 36 punctures 118
Snow chains 119 replacement 119
Spare wheel (removing) 130 wear indicators 118
Speedometer 32
Starter switch 59 U
Starting
catalyst (precautions) 64 Underbody maintenance 120
diesel models 60
V
emergency 137
Vehicle height 61
warming-up the engine 61
Vehicle identification number 123
Steam cleaning (engine) 120 Vehicle recovery 139
Steering - power assisted 62 Vehicle weights 160
Steering column Ventilation 45, 47
lock 59
Steering data 155 W
Steps 54
Wading 93
rear 54
Wading plugs 94
side 54 Warming-up (the engine) 61
Stop lights Warning labels 5
bulb replacement 147 Warning light - differential lock 34
Sunroof 44 Warning light - Hazard lights 35
Sunroof - removal 44 Warning lights
anti-lock braking (ABS) 34
T battery charging 33
Tail door 19 check engine 33
Tail lights direction indicators 33
bulb replacement 147 fuel filter (diesel) 35
operation 36 glow plugs (diesel) 33
Technical data 151 handbrake, brake fluid 34
Telephones 55
headlight main beam 34
Temperature gauge 32
Tool kit 129 low oil pressure 33
Towing 77 traction control 34
Towing eyes 139 trailer direction indicators 35
Towing for recovery 139 transmission oil temperature 35
Towing weights 162 Warning lights - engine immobilisation 34
Traction control 76 Warning lights - heated rear screen 34
Transfer gearbox 70 Warning lights - low fuel 34
Transmission Warning lights - rear fog guard lights 34
manual 69 Warning lights - sidelights 35
Transporter or trailer lashing 140 Warnings (in handbook) 4
Trip recorder 32 Warranty information 5
Trip recorder reset button 32 Washers (windscreen)
fluid top-up 111
jets 112
operation 40
Washing (the bodywork) 120

172
 Index
Weights (vehicle) 160
Wheel
nuts (locking) 131
spare (removal) 130
Wheel changing
changing the wheel 132
jacking the vehicle 133
locking wheel nuts 131
spare wheel 130
tool kit 129
wheel chocks 132
Winches 80
Windows 43
Windows - manual 42
Windscreen washers
fluid top-up 111
operation 40
Windscreen wipers
operation 39
wiper blade replacement 113

173