M_BANK\YR11-2U\BASICS.

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Basic Arithmetic and Algebra

1)! 2U84-1i
Express 357·896
a. in scientific notation,
b. rounded off correct to the nearest whole number,
c. rounded off correct to the nearest one-hundredth.¤
«→ a) 3·57896 × 102 b) 358 c) 357·90 »
2)! 2U84-1ii
Find the exact value of:
a. −2 − (−3);
b. 2·9181 × 1023 divided by the product of 2·13 × 1011 and 1·37 × 109;
1 3 2
c. t − t + 1 when t = −3;
5
1 1
d. 36 4 × 36 .¤
4

«→ a) 1 b) 1000 c) − 13 2 d) 6 »
5
3)! 2U84-1iii
Solve the equations:
a. T3 = 4913;
b. 2w = −7(1000 − w).¤
«→ a) T = 17 b) w = 1400 »

4)! 2U84-2i
3x −1 3x − 2
Solve the equation = .¤
5x +1 5x + 2
«→ x = 0 »

5)! 2U84-3i
A car engine is running at 5000 revolutions per minute.
a. How many revolutions are made in one hour?
b. If this engine uses 10 litres of fuel in one hour, how much fuel does it use every
revolution?
c. This engine has four cylinders and fuel is supplied to two of them each revolution.
How much fuel (in millilitres rounded off correct to three decimal places) is
supplied to a cylinder when it receives fuel during a revolution?¤
«→ a) 300 000 b) 1 mL c) 0·017 mL »
30

6)! 2U85-1i
Given that x3 = 100 000, find x, rounded off correct to the nearest whole number.¤
«→ 46 »
7)! 2U85-1ii
If S = πr(r + 2h), find S, rounded off correct to one decimal place, when r = 1·200 and
h = 4·005.¤
«→ 34·7 »

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8)! 2U85-1iv
Solve the equation 5(x − 1) − 1 = 29.¤
«→ x = 7 »
9)! 2U85-1v
A manufacturer increases the price of a car by 20% to a new selling price of $9000. What
was the selling price of the car before this increase?¤
«→ $7500 »
10)! 2U85-4i
Solve the quadratic equation 3x2 − 4x − 4 = 0.¤
«→ x = − 2 , 2 »
3
11)! 2U86-1i
a. Find 33·5 correct to two decimal places.
b. The price of an article for sale at $1·60 is to increase by 20%. What will be the new
price of the article?
E
c. Given that I = , and E = 0·6, R = 1·2 and r = −0·5, find I.¤
R + 3r
«→ a) 46·77 b) $1·92 c) −2 »
12)! 2U86-1iv
Solve the equation 3(2x + 1) − 2(3 − x) = 53.¤
«→ x = 7 »
13)! 2U87-1i
5·6 × 4·9
Find, correct to two decimal places, the value of .¤
7·3 + 4·1
«→ 2·41 »
14)! 2U87-1ii
Solve the equation 3(x − 2) = x − 5.¤
«→ x = 0·5 »
15)! 2U87-1iii
Factorise 3a2 − 12.¤
«→ 3(a − 2)(a + 2) »
16)! 2U87-1iv
1
Given that V = π R2 H and that R > 0, find R if V = 2000 and H = 12. Give your answer
3
correct to 1 decimal place.¤
«→ 12·6 »
17)! 2U87-1v
1
In 1987 Council rates increased by 7 % . The new rate for a property is $1735. What was
2
the old rate for this property? Give your answer correct to the nearest dollar.¤
«→ $1614 »
18)! 2U87-6i
Find the values of x for which ⏐2x − 1⏐ ≤ 5.¤
«→ −2 ≤ x ≤ 3 »

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19)! 2U88-1a
(3·24 )2
Find, correct to two decimal places, the value of .¤
5·73 − 2·84
«→ 3·63 »
20)! 2U88-1b
Simplify the expression 4x − 3(x + 5).¤
«→ x − 15 »
21)! 2U88-1c
The base length x, of a square pyramid of volume V and perpendicular height h, is given by
3V
x= . Find x, correct to two decimal places, if V = 750 and h = 8·45.¤
h
«→ 16·32 »
22)! 2U88-1d
Solve the equation 3x2 − 6x + 1 = 0 giving each solution correct to two decimal places.¤
«→ 0·18 or 1·82 »
23)! 2U88-1e
2x 3
Solve the equation = .¤
x−5 5
1
«→ x = − 2 »
7
24)! 2U89-1a
Find correct to 2 decimal places:
i. (2·7)5;
4·6 − 5·9
ii. .¤
4·6 × 2·3
«→ i) 143·49 ii) −0·12 »
25)! 2U89-1b
n
Given that S n = [2 a + (n − 1) d ], find Sn when n = 103, a = 5 and d = 1·2 .¤
2
«→ 6818·6 »
26)! 2U89-1d
Solve the equation 4(x − 5) = 3 − 2(x − 1).¤
«→ x = 25 »
6
27)! 2U89-1e
At a shoe sale, all shoes are to be sold at a discount of 15% off the marked price. What is the
cost of a pair of shoes with marked price $79·95?¤
«→ $67·96 »
28)! 2U89-6a
Solve the simultaneous equations
4x − y = 3
10x + 3y = 2.¤
«→ x = 1 , y = −1 »
2

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29)! 2U90-1a
171·8
Calculate correct to two decimal places.¤
14·3 × 5·7
«→ 2·11 »
30)! 2U90-1b
The speed of light is 299 725 kilometres per second. Write this number correct to four
significant figures.¤
«→ 2·997 × 105 km/s »
31)! 2U90-1c
Factorise 2x2 − 7x − 15.¤
«→ (2x + 3)(x − 5) »
32)! 2U90-1d
4
The volume V of a sphere is given by V = πr 3 . If a sphere has volume 5 cm3, find the
3
radius correct to two decimal places.¤
«→ 1·06 cm »
33)! 2U90-1e
Solve 3 − (4 − x) = 5x.¤
«→ x = − 1 »
4
34)! 2U90-1f
Mark on a number line the values of x for which ⏐x − 2⏐ < 3.¤

–1 0 5
«→ »
35)! 2U90-3a
2
i. Rationalize the denominator of .
2− 3
2
ii. Find integers a and b such that = a + b .¤
2− 3
«→ i) 4 + 2 3 ii) a = 4, b = 12 »
36)! 2U91-1a
4·8 + 7·3
Calculate . Round off your answer to one decimal place.¤
9·6
«→ 0·4 »
37)! 2U91-1b
Factorize 9x2 − y2.¤
«→ (3x + y)(3x − y) »
38)! 2U91-1c
1
Express with a rational denominator.¤
3− 2
3+ 2
«→ »
7

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39)! 2U91-1d
a 1
If S = , find the value of a when S = 60 and r = .¤
1− r 2
«→ 30 »
40)! 2U91-1e
2x x
Solve − = 1 .¤
3 5
«→ x = 15 »
7
41)! 2U91-1f
Mark on a number line the values of x for which ⏐x + 1⏐ ≤ 3.¤
− 0 2
«→ 4 »
42)! 2U92-1a
Find the average of the numbers 75, 29, 80, 42, 65, 59, 38. Give your answer correct to one
decimal place.¤
«→ 55·4 »
43)! 2U92-1b
Factorize x2 + 5x − 6.¤
«→ (x + 6)(x − 1) »
44)! 2U92-1c
Solve 4x + 7 = 3(x − 2).¤
«→ x = −13 »
45)! 2U92-1e
Solve the pair of simultaneous equations: x + y = 2, 2x − y = 7.¤
«→ x = 3, y = −1 »
46)! 2U93-1a
a
Find the value of 4π if a = 4·1 and g = 9·8. Give your answer to 2 significant figures.¤
g
«→ 8·1 »
47)! 2U93-1e
Solve the pair of simultaneous equations:
2x + y = 7
x − 2y = 1.¤
«→ x = 3, y = 1 »
48)! 2U93-1f
Find those values of x which satisfy the inequality 5 − 3x < 7.¤
2
«→ x > − »
3
49)! 2U94-1a
4·23
Find the value of . Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.¤
6·14 − 1·78
«→ 2·03 »
50)! 2U94-1d
Solve ⏐x − 1⏐ = 4.¤
«→ x = −3 or 5 »
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51)! 2U94-1e
The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 149 492 000 km. Write this number in scientific
notation, correct to 4 significant figures.¤
«→ 1·495 × 108 »
52)! 2U95-1a
Factorise 9x2 − 16.¤
«→ (3x + 4)(3x − 4) »
53)! 2U95-1b
Find the value of 19 0·5 to two decimal places.¤
−

«→ 0·23 »
54)! 2U95-1d
x 3x −1
Simplify + .¤
3 2
11 x − 3
«→ »
6
55)! 2U95-1f
Express 0·2!3! as a fraction.¤
23
«→ »
99
56)! 2U95-1g
Solve 5 − 3x < 7.¤
«→ x > − 2 »
3
57)! 2U96-1a
Find the value of 13 1·2 correct to two significant figures.¤
−

«→ 0·046 »
58)! 2U96-1b
Factorise 2x2 + 3x − 2.¤
«→ (2x − 1)(x + 2) »
59)! 2U96-1c
4
Rationalise the denominator of .¤
5 +2
«→ 4( 5 − 2) »
60)! 2U96-1d
2 x −1
Simplify − .¤
3 4
11 − 3 x
«→ »
12
61)! 2U96-1f
Graph the solution of |x + 2| ≤ 3 on a number line.¤
− 1
«→ 5 »

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62)! 2U97-1a
1
Find the value of correct to three significant figures.¤
7 +5×3
«→ 0·0455 »
63)! 2U97-1b
Simplify (2 − 3x) − (5 − 4x).¤
«→ −3 + x »
64)! 2U97-1g
8
By rationalising the denominator, express in the form a + b 5 .¤
3− 5
«→ 6 + 2 5 »
65)! 2U97-10a
Graph the solution of 4x ≤ 15 ≤ –9x on a number line.¤
2
−1
3
«→ »
66)! 2U98-1a
3
Express as a recurring decimal.¤
11
..
«→ 0 ⋅ 27 »
67)! 2U98-1b
Simplify | –5 | – | 8 |.¤
«→ –3 »
68)! 2U98-1f
1 1
By rationalising the denominators, express + in simplest form.¤
3− 2 3+ 2
6
«→ »
7
69)! 2U98-1g
A merchant buys tea from a wholesaler and then sells it at a profit of 37·5%. If the merchant
sells a packet of tea for $3·08, what price does he pay to the wholesaler per packet of tea?¤
«→ $2·24 »
70)! 2U99-1c
Solve 3 – 2x ≥ 7.¤
«→ x ≤ –2 »
71)! 2U99-1d
Solve the simultaneous equations
x+y=1
2x – y = 5. ¤
«→ x = 2, y = –1 »
72)! 2U99-1e
Find integers a and b such that (5 − 2 ) 2 = a + b 2 .¤
«→ a = 27, b = –10 »
73)! 2U00-1b

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Solve x + 7 ≥ 3 and graph the solution on the number line.¤

«→ x ≥ –4, –4 O x »
74)! 2U00-1e
Solve the pair of simultaneous equations:
x–y=2
3x + 2y = 1. ¤
«→ x = 1, y = –1 »
75)! 2U00-1f
Solve ⏐x – 5⏐= 3.¤
«→ x = 8 or x = 2 »
76)! 2U01-1a
3 2 + 12 2
Evaluate, correct to three significant figures, .¤
231 − 12 2
«→ 1⋅33 »
77)! 2U01-1b
Solve | x + 3 | < 2. Graph your solution on a number line. ¤
«→ –5 < x < 1

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1
»
78)! 2U01-1e
x 2
Simplify 2
+ .¤
x −4 x−2
3x + 4
«→ »
x2 − 4
79)! 2U01-1f
The cost of a video recorder is $979. This includes a 10% tax on the original price.
Calculate the original price of the video recorder. ¤
«→ $890 »
80)! 2U01-3b
2
Assume that the surface area S of a human satisfies the equation S = kM where M is the
3

body mass in kilograms, and k is the constant of proportionality. A human with body mass
70 kg has surface area 18 600 cm2. Find the value of k, and hence find the surface area of a
human with body mass 60 kg. ¤
«→ k = 1095⋅08 (to 2 d.p), 16 783 cm2 (to nearest square centimetre) »
81)! 2U02-1a
5 ⋅ 8 2 − 3 ⋅ 13
Evaluate, correct to three significant figures, .¤
3 × 3⋅1× 5 ⋅8
«→ 0⋅0714 »
82)! 2U02-1c
Solve x2 = 5x.¤
«→ x = 0 or x = 5 »

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83)! 2U02-1e
2x − 5
Solve 3 x − = 6 .¤
2
7
«→ x = »
4
84)! 2U02-1f
Solve the pair of simultaneous equations.
x − 2y = 8
¤
2x + y = 1
«→ x = 2, y = –3 »
85)! 2U02-4a
Solve | x – 1 | ≥ 3 and graph your solution on the number line.¤
«→ x ≤ –2 or x ≥ 4 –2 0 4 »

86)! 2U03-1d
1
Iain and Louise paid $315⋅00 for a meal at a restaurant. This included a 12 % tip. What
2
was the cost of the meal without the tip? ¤
«→ $280 »
87)! 2U03-1f
Solve |x – 3| = 7. ¤
«→ x = 10 or x = –4 »
88)! 2U04-1a
The Radius of Mars is approximately 3 397 000 m. Write this number in scientific notation,
correct to two significant figures.¤
«→ 3·4 × 106 »
89)! 2U04-1c
x−5 x+1
Solve − = 5.¤
3 4
«→ x = 83 »
90)! 2U04-1d
Find integers a and b such that (3 − 2 ) 2 = a − b 2 .¤
«→ a = 11, b = 6 »
91)! 2U04-1f
Find the values of x for which |x + 1| ≤ 5.¤
«→ −6 ≤ x ≤ 4 »
92)! 2U05-1a
275 ⋅ 4
Evaluate correct to two significant figures.¤
5⋅2×3⋅9
«→ 3·7 »
93)! 2U05-1b
Factorise x3 – 27. ¤
«→ (x – 3)(x2 + 3x + 9) »

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94)! 2U05-1d
(2 x − 3) ( x − 1)
Express − as a single fraction in its simplest form. ¤
2 5
8 x − 13
«→ »
10
95)! 2U05-1e
Find the values of x for which |x –3| ≤ 1.¤
«→ 2 ≤ x ≤ 4 »
96)! 2U06-1b
Factorise 2x2 + 5x – 3.¤
«→ (2x – 1)(x + 3) »
97)! 2U06-1e
Solve 3 – 5x ≤ 2.¤
1
«→ x ≥ »
5

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