INTERNATIONAL

EXPRESS
Czech Companion WORK I N G
Slovníček a přehled T RAV EL L I N G
mluvnice v češtine SOC I A L I ZI N G

Pre-Intermediate
Liz Taylor

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Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp
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Pre-intermediate
A000564

Printed in the Czech Republic Liz Taylor

acknowledgements
Illustrations by: Mark Bryan

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OBSA H GRAMATIKA

Lekce ve
Student’s Book
Přehled gramatických termínů
Gramatika Přehled gramatických pojmů ...................................... strana 5
6 Druhý a třetí stupeň přídavných jmen ................................... 6
10 Podmínkové souvětí typ 1 ..................................................... 6 Přídavné jméno rozvíjí podstatné jméno, udává jaké mají osoby, místa, věci,
11 Podmínkové souvětí typ 2 ..................................................... 7 An adjective události atd. vlastnosti.
4 Vyjadřování budoucnosti: going to + infinitiv ...................... 8 a beautiful city, an enjoyable holiday
4 Vyjadřování budoucnosti: přítomný čas průběhový .............. 9 interesting people, terrible news
10 Vyjadřování budoucnosti: will + infinitiv .............................. 9 Příslovce rozvíjí sloveso, přináší informace o tom, kdy, kde nebo jak se
3, 7 Nepravidelná slovesa ............................................................. 10 An adverb odehrává děj vyjádřený slovesem.
5 Počítatelná a nepočitatelná podstatná jména: some/any, She wrote the report yesterday.
a lot of/lots of, much/many, a little/a few .............................. 11
8 Způsobová slovesa ................................................................. 12 He’s waiting outside.
12 Trpný rod ............................................................................... 13 Please drive slowly.
3, 7 Minulý čas prostý .................................................................. 14 Frekvenční příslovce vyjadřuje, jak často se děj odehrává.
2 Přítomný čas průběhový ........................................................ 15 An adverb of frequency I always play tennis in the summer.
1, 2 Přítomný čas prostý ............................................................... 16 I’m rarely late for work.
1, 2 Přítomný čas prostý: frekvenční příslovce ............................ 16 Pomocné sloveso (be, do a have) se používá ve spojení s dalším slovesným tvarem při
7, 9 Předpřítomný čas prostý ........................................................ 17
An auxiliary verb tvoření různých časů a trpného rodu.
9 Předpřítomný čas průběhový ................................................. 18
10 Předložky: čas, místo a směr ................................................. 19 She is working in Geneva.
1 Tázací výrazy ......................................................................... 20 Where did you go?
9 since a for ............................................................................... 20 The window has been broken.
Angličtina v různých 10 Žádáme o informace .............................................................. 21 Infinitiv je základní slovesný tvar (see, buy, etc.). Používá se ve spojení s to
komunikačních 5 V restauraci ............................................................................ 21 The infinitive i bez to.
situacích 8 Pozvání ................................................................................... 22 It’s good to meet you.
6 Domlouváme si schůzku ........................................................ 22
I’d like to introduce you to a friend.
1 Seznamujeme se s lidmi ........................................................ 23
9 Nabídky a žádosti ................................................................... 24 I must go now.
7 Názory a návrhy ..................................................................... 25 Způsobové sloveso je například sloveso might, can, a should. Způsobová slovesa
12 Loučíme se ............................................................................. 26 A modal verb používáme pro vyjádření možnosti, dovolení, nutnosti, k udílení rad atd.
11 Zdvořilostní fráze .................................................................. 26 She might arrive late.
4 Pobyt v hotelu ........................................................................ 27 Can I use your phone?
2 Telefonování .......................................................................... 28 You should see a doctor.
3 Máme hosta ............................................................................ 28
Jiné užitečné Americká angličtina ............................................................... 30 Podstatné jméno označuje osobu, místo, věc nebo myšlenku.
informace Žádáme o pomoc ................................................................... 31 A noun a journalist, an office, books, beauty
Země a národnosti ................................................................. 32 Předložka nese význam místa, času, směru apod.
E-maily, faxy a dopisy ........................................................... 32 A preposition I live in a flat.
Časové přímky ....................................................................... 34 He walks to his office every day.
Matematické termíny ............................................................. 35 They begin work at 8 o’clock.
Fonetické symboly ................................................................. 35
anglicko-českým slovníčkem ................................................. 36 Zájmeno zastupuje podstatné jméno.
A pronoun The restaurant is very good but it is expensive.
Do you know Sue? I saw her at the theatre last night.
Sloveso vyjadřuje děj nebo stav.
A verb He writes for a magazine.
I speak French.
She didn’t enjoy the film.
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Druhý a třetí stupeň přídavných jmen OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ
Comparative and superlative adjectives If you ask him, will he give you the information? Yes, he will.
ZÁKLADNÍ TVAR DRUHÝ STUPEŇ TŘETÍ STUPEŇ Will she change her job if she gets the chance? No, she won’t.
Pravidelná small smaller smallest
(jednoslabičná 1 syllable) near nearer the nearest POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
big bigger biggest Možné budoucí děje a jejich výsledky/důsledky If we invest in a new system, we’ll solve
(dvojslabičná, zakončená na easy easier easiest our problems.
the You won’t pass the exam if you don’t study.
-y 2 syllables ending in -y) happy happier happiest
(dvou- a víceslabičná efficient less efficient
the
least efficient • Vedlejší věta s if může stat před hlavní větou i za ní. Jestliže stojí před hlavní větou, zpravidla za
2 or more syllables) important more important most important ní píšeme čárku.
If they agree to our requests, we’ll sign the contract.
Nepravidelná good better best We’ll sign the contract if they agree to our requests.
bad worse worst
far farther/further the farthest/furthest • Jestliže jsme si jistí, že se určitá věc stane, používáme spojku when, nikoli if.
much/many more most When I get the information, I’ll send it to you. (Jsem si jistý, že ty informace získám.)
little less least
Podmínkové souvětí typ 2 2nd Conditional
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
if + Past Simple, would/could + infinitive (without to)
Ve spojení s druhým stupněm přídavného jména London is bigger than Madrid.
používáme than.
KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR
K naznačení velkého rozdílu používáme ve spojení s Tokyo is a lot more expensive than
If I had more time, I’d learn another language. If you didn’t work so hard, you’d be happier.
druhým stupněm přídavného jména much nebo a lot. Rome.
Our cities would be more pleasant if there was I wouldn’t buy that car if I were you.
Třetí stupeň přídavného jména se vždy pojí se China has the biggest population.
less traffic.
členem the.

OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ

Pravopisná podoba Spelling
Jednoslabičná přídavná jména zakončená na samohlásku a souhlásku obvykle zdvojují koncovou If you became a millionaire, would you stop
Yes, I would.
souhlásku: working?
hot hotter hottest Would they start a business if they had the
big bigger biggest money? No, they wouldn’t.

POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
Podmínkové souvětí typ 1 1st Conditional
Nereálné nebo hypotetické situace a jejich If public transport were free, there’d be no
if + Present Simple, will + infinitive (without to) pravděpodobné výsledky/důsledky traffic problems in cities.
If I didn’t need a car, I wouldn’t have one.
KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR

If they offer me the job, I’ll accept it. If you don’t hurry, you’ll miss your plane.
You’ll have to work hard if you want to succeed. He won’t visit us if he’s very busy.

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• Vedlejší věta s if může stát před hlavní větou i za ní. Jestliže stojí před hlavní větou, zpravidla za • Slovesa come a go zpravidla užíváme ve tvaru přítomného času průběhového
ní píšeme čárku. (Present Continuous).
If they produced better quality goods, they’d be very successful. They’re coming to see us soon.
They’d be very successful if they produced better quality goods. Are you going abroad next summer?
• Po I, he a she můžeme ve větě s if užít was namísto were, obzvláště v neformální mluvené • going to lze také užít pro předem zajištěné budoucí děje.
angličtině. I’m going to play tennis this afternoon.
If it was easier, I’d study Japanese.
• Could plní funkci minulého času a tvaru podmiňovacího způsobu (Conditional) slovesa can. Vyjadřování budoucnosti: přítomný čas průběhový
He could walk to work when he lived close to the office. (Minulost = bylo to možné) Future: Present Continuous
He could walk to work if he had more time. (Podmiňovací způsob = bylo by to možné)
(Tvoření přítomného času průhěhového Present Continuous viz str. 15.)
• Minulý čas (Past Simple) v prvním a druhém podmínkovém souvětí nevyjadřuje prostou
minulost. Vztahuje se k hypotetické situaci. POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
If I were the Prime Minister ... (ale nejsem premiér). Předem zajištěné budoucí děje They’re arriving at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
He isn’t coming to the meeting next week.
Vyjadřování budoucnosti: going to + infinitiv What time are you leaving?
Future: going to + infinitive
Vyjadřování budoucnosti: will + infinitiv
KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR Future: will + infinitive
I ’m (am) I ’m not
(am not) KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR
You You I I
aren’t
We ’re (are) We You You
going to begin. (are not) going to begin. won’t
They They We We
He He They ’ll (will) begin. They begin.
isn’t
She ’s (is) She He He
(is not)
It It She She (will not)
It It
OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ

Yes, am. OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ

Am I I
No, ’m not. I I
you you you Yes, you will
we Yes, we are.
Are we we
they going to begin? No, they aren’t.
Will they begin? they
he he he he won’t
Yes, is. No,
Is she she she she (will not).
No, isn’t.
it it it it

POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY

Plány a záměry do budoucna, rozhodnutí I’m going to change my job. Budoucí situace a děje The situation will be worse in future.
Budoucí situace, které můžeme s jistotou It’s going to rain very soon. The work won’t start next year.
předpovědět na základě současného stavu Look out! That car’s going to hit you! Rozhodnutí učiněná v okamžiku promluvy I’ll email you the results tomorrow.
Nabídky Shall I order a taxi for you?

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Nepravidelná slovesa Irregular verbs Počítatelná a nepočitatelná podstatná jména
Mass and count nouns
INFINITIV MINULÝ MINULÉ INFINITIV MINULÝ MINULÉ
ČAS PAST PŘÍČESTÍ ČAS PAST PŘÍČESTÍ
Nepočitatelná podstatná jména Mass nouns
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
be být was/were been mean znamenat meant meant
become stát se became become meet potkat, met met Mass nouns do not have a plural form. I’d like some information, please.
setkat se We use them with a singular verb form. Relaxation is good for you.
begin začít began begun pay platit paid paid We do not use a or an with them. I enjoy good music.
break zlomit, zničit broke broken put položit put put
bring přinést brought brought read číst read read Počitatelná podstatná jména Count nouns
build stavět built built ride jet rode ridden
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
buy koupit bought bought ring zvonit rang rung
catch chytit caught caught rise zvedat se, rose risen Count nouns have a singular and plural form. This book is interesting.
vycházet We use them with a singular or plural verb form. These books are expensive.
choose vybrat chose chosen run běžet ran run
We use a or an with them. Would you like an apple?
come přijít came come say říci said said
cost stát (o ceně) cost cost see vidět saw seen
Nepočitatelná a počitatelná podstatná jména Mass/Count nouns
cut říznout cut cut sell prodat sold sold
do dělat did done send poslat sent sent Některá podstatná jména mohou být užita jako počítatelná i jako nepočítatelná.
draw kreslit drew drawn show ukázat showed shown POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
drink pít drank drunk shut zavřít shut shut
drive řídit drove driven sing zpívat sang sung Mass Nepočitatelná podstatná jména James writes about wine.
eat jíst ate eaten sit sedět sat sat (v obecném významu) She has a lot of experience in sales.
fall padat fell fallen sleep spát slept slept Count Počítatelná podstatná jména He’s writing a book about Italian wines.
feel cítit felt felt speak mluvit spoke spoken (specifický význam) She’s had some strange experiences in her life.
find najít found found spend strávit, utratit spent spent
fly letět flew flown stand stát stood stood some/any, a lot of/lots of, much/many, a little/a few
forget zapomenout forgot forgotten steal ukrást stole stolen POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
freeze zmrznout froze frozen swim plavat swam swum
get dostat got got take vzít took taken
some S počitatelnými a nepočítatelnými I bought some coffee.
podstatnými jmény v kladných You’ve got some letters.
give dát gave given teach učit taught taught
oznamovacích větách
go jít, jet went gone tell sdělit told told
grow růst grew grown think myslet thought thought V nabídkách a zdvořilých prosbách Could I have some fruit?
have mít had had understand rozumět understood understood Would you like some biscuits?
hear slyšet heard heard wake vzbudit woke woken any S počitatelnými i nepočítatelnými I didn’t buy any tea.
hit uhodit hit hit wear nosit, mít na wore worn podstatnými jmény v záporu a v We didn’t have any visitors.
sobě otázce Do you have any luggage?
keep držet kept kept win vyhrát won won Are there any questions?
know vědět knew known write psát wrote written
leave opustit, left left
odejít, zanechat
lend půjčit lent lent
lose ztratit lost lost
make dělat made made

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 a lot of/ S počitatelnými a nepočítatelnými
lots of podstatnými jmény v kladných
oznamovacích větách
much S nepočitatelnými podstatnými jmény
v záporu a v otázce
many S počitatelnými podstatnými jmény
v záporu a v otázkách
V kladných oznamovacích větách
a little S nepočitatelnými podstatnými jmény
v kladných oznamovacích větách
a few S počitatelnými podstatnými jmény
v kladných oznamovacích větách
There’s a lot of traffic today.
There are a lot of cars in the city centre.
Lots of people came to our party.
We didn’t do much work.
How much money did you spend?
There weren’t many people at the meeting.
How many suitcases are there?
Many companies are doing well right now.
I drank only a little wine.
We had a few problems.
can, could, may, might, should
• Tvar slovesa je stejný pro všechny osoby.
Ve třetí osobě jednotného čísla nepřidáváme -s.
I/You/He/She/It/We/They may arrive late.
He can speak German.
• Způsobová slovesa se neužívají s to.
I should to go now.
• Zápor tvoříme přidáním not nebo -n’t. Nepoužíváme don’t ani doesn’t.
She cannot/can’t speak French.
You should not/shouldn’t use first names.
He may not understand very well.
• Ke slovesu may nepřidáváme n’t.
He mayn’t understand very well.

• V kladných oznamovacích větách užíváme spíše a lot of/lots of než many. • Otázka u sloves could, may, might, should se tvoří předsunutím slovesa před podmět I/you/he atd.
Can I leave now?
• Lots of se užívá převážně v mluvené angličtině. Should I email you the information tomorrow?
• A lot of/lots of, a little, a a few užíváme v záporu a v otázce. have to
• Tvar slovesa have to se mění stejně jako tvar slovesa have.
Způsobová slovesa Modal verbs
• Ve třetí osobě jednotného čísla užíváme tvar has.
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
She has to work on Saturdays.

Rada Advice should/shouldn’t • Otázka se tvoří pomocí do/does/did, zápor pomocí don’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
You should be punctual for meetings. Do you have to work overtime?
You shouldn’t use first names. They didn’t have to get permission.

Možnost Possibility may, might, can Trpný rod The Passive

Dovolení Permission
Schopnost Ability
Nutnost Necessity
They may smile when they don’t want to give an answer.
They might think you are rude. to be + past participle (produced, built, found, etc.)
Decisions can take a long time.
can, could KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR
Can I borrow your dictionary? Tyres are produced from rubber. Smoking isn’t allowed in the cinema.
Could I use your computer? The company was founded in 1890. The public wasn’t told about the danger.
can, could A new government has been elected. The information hasn’t been published.
Can you speak German?
The new hotel will be opened next month. Prices won’t be increased next year.
Could you ski when you were six?
have to/don’t have to
You have to get permission first.
You don’t have to make an appointment.

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 OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ • Minulý čas prostý se často užívá s různými časovými určeními minulosti, např yesterday, last
Is cork exported from Portugal? Yes, it is. year, a month ago, in 1998.

Was champagne invented by an Italian? No, it wasn’t. Pravopisná podoba Spelling

Have the roads been repaired yet? Yes, they have. Slovesa zakončená
Will the work be finished soon? No, it won’t. – na -e přibírají zakončení –d: live – lived, close – closed.
– na samohlásku a souhlásku zdvojují koncovou souhlásku a přibírají zakončení -ed: travel –
Trpný rod používáme, jestliže osoba nebo věc, která je činitelem děje, není důležitá nebo nám není travelled, plan – planned.
známa. Jestliže chceme činitele děje vyjádřit, používáme spojení s předložkou by. – na souhlásku a -y mění -y na -i a přidává se -ed: study – studied, try – tried.
Činný rod Active Trpný rod Passive
The Mayan people used rubber 2,500 years ago. Rubber was used 2,500 years ago by the Přítomný čas průběhový Present Continuous
Mayan people.
KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPORNÝ TVAR

I ’m (am) I ’m not (am not)

Minulý čas prostý Past Simple
You You
We aren’t
(Viz nepravidelná slovesa Irregular verbs, str. 10, a časovou přímku Past Simple, str. 34.) We ’re (are)
They (are not)
They working. working
KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR He
He
I I She isn’t
She ’s (is)
It (is not)
You You It
We We
arrived yesterday. didn’t arrive yesterday. OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ
They They
began last week (did not) begin. last week.
He He Yes, am.
Am I I
She She No, am not.
It It you you
Yes, are.
Are we studying? we
OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ they No, they aren’t.
I I he he
Yes, is.
you Yes, you did Is she she
we we it No, it isn’t.
arrive yesterday?
Did they they
begin? last week?
he he POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY
she No, she didn’t
Děje odehrávající se právě teď She’s talking to a visitor at the moment.
it it
Dočasné a přechodné děje Which hotel are you staying at?
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY Současné trendy People are living longer.
Ukončené minulé děje a situace They lived in Australia for three years. Předem domluvené/zařízené budoucí události They’re arriving at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
He flew to Japan two days ago.
We didn’t have a holiday last summer.
• Informace o tom, zda se koncová souhláska zdvojuje (travel, travelling) a kdy se vypouští
How long did you stay in New York? koncové e (make, making), je nutno vyhledat ve slovníku.

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Přítomný čas prostý Present Simple Předpřítomný čas prostý Present Perfect Simple

KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR (Viz seznam nepravidelných sloves Irregular verbs, str. 10, a časové přímky předpřítomného
času Present Perfect Simple, str. 34.)
I I
You You KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR
work. don’t (do not)
We We I I
They They work. You ’ve You haven’t
He He We (have) We (have not)
They started. They started.
She works. She doesn’t (does not) left. left.
It It He He
’s hasn’t
She She
(has) (has not)
OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ It It
I I
Yes, do. OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ
you you
Do I I
we we Yes, have.
No, don’t. you you
they work? they Have
we we
Does he he they started? No, they haven’t.
Yes, does.
she she left?
he Yes, he has.
it No, it doesn’t. she she
Has
it No, it hasn’t.
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY

Dlouhotrvající děje She lives in Brazil. POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY

Where do you work? Situace nebo děje, které se staly The company has grown a lot since 1998.
Běžné rutinní činnosti I often make business trips v období od určitého okamžiku v We’ve recently reduced costs.
How often do you play tennis? minulosti do současnosti Have you had a holiday this year?
Pocity a preference Do you like your job? Zážitky a zkušenosti, které jsme He’s worked for two foreign companies.
I agree with you. nabyli během života od počátku až do She’s never studied a foreign language.
Fakta The journey takes an hour. současnosti Have you ever lived abroad?
Prices increase every year. Situace, které začaly v minulosti a dosud She’s been a doctor for ten years.
trvají The family has had the business since 1990.
Rekvenční příslovce Frequency adverbs How long have you known her?

0% never rarely sometimes often usually always 100% • gone to nebo been to?
Ann’s gone to New York znamená, že je právě teď v New Yorku nebo na cestě do New Yorku.
Ann’s been to New York znamená, že už není v New Yorku, její pobyt tam skončil.
• Stažené tvary
V mluvené angličtině zpravidla říkáme I’ve, you’ve, he’s atd.
Ve formální, psané angličtině užíváme I have, you have, he has atd.
VIz také poučení o užití předpřítomného času a minulého času prostého Present Perfect Simple/Past
Simple v britské a v americké angličtině na str. 30.

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Předpřítomný čas průběhový Present Perfect Continuous Předložky: čas, místo a směr
Prepositions: time, place, and direction
(Viz časovou přímku předpřítomného průběhového času Present Perfect Continuous na str. 34.)

KLADNÝ TVAR ZÁPOR Předložky s významem času Prepositions of time

I I • měsíc/roční období/století • denní doba • časo becně/čas k jídlu
You ’ve You haven’t June the morning six o’clock
We (have) We (have not) in winter in the afternoon at lunchtime
They been working. They been working. 1996 the evening midnight
He He the 21st century
’s hasn’t
She She • dvou- či třídenní období • den/datum
(has) (has not)
It It the weekend Tuesday
at Christmas 6 December
OTÁZKA KRÁTKÁ ODPOVĚĎ Easter Easter Monday
on
I I Christmas Day
Yes, have. Friday morning
you you
Have Wednesday evenings
we we
they No, they haven’t.
been working. Předložky s významem místa a směru Prepositions of place and direction
he Yes, he has.
Has she she
it No, it hasn’t.

POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY

Děje, které začaly v minulosti a
pokračují do přítomnosti
Děje, které začaly v minulosti a
právě skončily
We’ve been producing wines for two hundred years.
He’s been living in Finland since last year. under/below across behind over/above
How long have you been studying English?
He’s hot because he’s been jogging.
You look tired. Have you been working a lot?

• Průběhový tvar continuous form zpravidla užíváme pro zdůraznění trvání děje, prostý tvar při
důrazu na výsledek děje. on between in out of
I’ve been writing emails. (Ještě jsem neskončil.)
I’ve written ten emails. (Už jsem skončil.)
• Předpřítomný průběhový čas Present Perfect Continuous užíváme pro vyjádření, jak dlouho daný
děj trval.
He’s been talking on the phone all morning. into in front of beside/next to up
She’s been interviewing people since 8 a.m.
• Předpřítomný čas prostý Present Perfect Simple užíváme pro vyjádření počtu, kolikrát se děj
odehrál.
He’s made fifteen phone calls.
She’s done six interviews.
through around on the right on the left

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Tázací výrazy Question words ANGLIČTINA V RŮZNÝCH KOMUNIKAČNÍCH SITUACÍCH
SOCIAL AND FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Where do they live? In Milan.
What do you do at weekends? I go cycling.
When does he start work? At 8 a.m. Žádáme o informace Asking for information
Which newspaper do you read? The Independent.
How do you travel to work? By car. Ptáme se
How often do you study English? Twice a week. I’d like some information about … (flights to Paris). Rád bych získal informace o ...
Whose dictionary is this? It’s mine. (letu do Paříže).
Who (Whom) do you work with? A team of six people. I’d like to know … (how long it takes). Rád bych věděl ... (jak dlouho to trvá).
Who arrives at work first? The manager does. Do you know … (when the train arrives)? Víš ... (kdy ten vlak přijíždí)?
• Whom je velmi formální, užívá se jen zřídka. Can Můžete you tell me … (how often the trains leave)? mi říct ... (jak často ten vlak
Could Mohl byste jezdí)?
since a for since and for Vyjadřujeme pochopení Ujišťujeme se
(Viz časovou přímku since a for, str. 34.) I see. Aha. Let me check. Dovolte, přesvědčím se.
Right, I’ve got that. Ano, chápu. I’ll look that up. Vyhledám si to.
since So, … (the next train’s in half an hour).
Takže ... (další vlak jede za půl hodiny).
POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY

Označení určitého časového okamžiku since 7 a.m. today Žádáme o zopakování Omluvy
yesterday Could you repeat that, please? I’m afraid I don’t have any information about
last week Můžete to prosím zopakovat? … (domestic flights). Obávám se, že nemáme
12 January Could you say that again? žádné informace o ... (vnitrostátních letech).
2001 Můžete to říct ještě jednou?
he left university

for V restauraci At a restaurant

POUŽITÍ PŘÍKLADY Doporučení Nabízíme
Označení určitého časového úseku for ten hours What do you recommend? Do have some more … (wine).
five days Co byste mi doporučil? Dejte si ještě trochu ... (vína).
a month The … (meat) is usually excellent here. What about … (a dessert)? Co takhle dát si ... (dezert)?
two years ... (maso) tu většinou mají vynikající. How about … (some strawberries)?
a long time I recommend the … (beef). Co si dát ... (pár jahod)?
ages Doporučuji ... (hovězí). Would you like … (a coffee)? Dal byste si ... (kávu)?

Objednávání Přijímáme nabídku

Yes, I’d like that. Ano, to bych si dal.
I’ll Já si have … (duck and red cabbage).
Yes, that would be very nice.
We’ll My si dám/e ... (kachnu a červené zelí).
Ano, to by mohlo být moc dobré.
I’d Já bych si
We’d like … (cold cucumber soup). Odmítáme nabídku
My bychom si dal/i ... (studenou okurkovou polévku). Thank you, but I couldn’t eat any more.
Could we have … (a bottle of mineral water)? Děkuji, ale já už nemůžu.
Mohli bychom dostat ... (lahev minerální vody)? No, thank you. Ne, děkuji.

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Děkujeme a reagujeme na poděkování
Thank you for a really excellent meal.
Děkuji za opravdu vynikající jídlo.
Thank you for a lovely evening.
Děkuji za krásný večer.
씮 Don’t mention it. To nestojí za řeč.
씮 I’m glad you enjoyed it.
Jsem rád, že se ti líbil.
Měníme čas schůzky
I’m very sorry I have to cancel the appointment on … (Friday). Je mi to moc líto, ale musím
zrušit tu schůzku ... (v pátek).
I’m afraid I can’t manage our meeting … (tomorrow). Obávám se, že mi nevyjde ta schůzka ...
(zítra).
Could we arrange another time? Mohli bychom se domluvit na jindy?

Pozvání Invitations Seznamujeme se s lidmi Meeting people

Pozvání
I’d like to invite you to …
(have dinner with me).
Rád bych vás pozval ... (na večeři).
Would you join us … (for a game of tennis)?
Půjdeš s námi ... (na tenis)?
Would you like to … (come swimming)?
Nechtěl by sis ... (jít zaplavat)?
Why don’t you … (have lunch with us)?
Co takhle ... (dát si s námi oběd)?
How about … (joining us)?
Co takhle ... (jít s námi)?
Přijímáme pozvání
Thank you. I’d be delighted to accept.
Děkuji, s potěšením přijímám.
Thank you. I’d love to. Děkuji, velmi rád.
Thank you. I’d enjoy that. Děkuji, to budu rád.
Odmítáme pozvání
I’d love to, but … (I’m afraid I can’t).
Rád bych, ale ... (obávám se, že nebudu moci).
Thanks a lot, but … (I’ve made another arrangement).
Děkuji moc, ale ... (už mám něco domluveno).
Představování
May Mohu I introduce myself? My name’s ... (James Turner). Jmenuji se ... (James Turner).
Can Mohu se představit? I’m ... (Monique Bresson). Já jsem ... (Monique Bressonová).
May Mohu I introduce a good friend of mine? This is ... (Roberto Angelini).
Can Mohu vám představit svého dobrého přítele? Toto je ... (Roberto Angelini).
Excuse me, are you ... (Duncan Ross)? Promiňte, jste ... (Duncan Ross)?
Hello, you must be ... (Luigi Bastini). Dobrý den, vy musíte být ... (Luigi Bastini).
I’d like to Rád bych introduce you to ... (Tony White).
Let me Dovolte mi vám představil/představit vám ... (Tonyho Whita).

Domlouváme si schůzku
Domlouvání času
When Kdy
What time V kolik hodin
How do you do? Jak se máte?
Making arrangements Pleased to meet you. Rád vás poznávám.
Please call me ... (Luigi).
would be convenient for you? by se vám to hodilo? Prosím, říkejte mi ... (Luigi).
could we meet? se můžeme sejít?
are you free? máte volno? Pozdravy
would suit you? by vám to vyhovovalo? Hello, ... (Roberto). Ahoj, ... (Roberto).
씮 How do you do? Jak se máte?
씮 Pleased to meet you, too.
Také vás rád poznávám.
씮 Then you must call me ... (Monique).
Tak to mi musíte říkat ... (Monique).

Shall we say … (next Tuesday)?
Řekněme ... (příští úterý)?
Is … (9.30) possible for you?
Je pro vás ... (9.30) možné?
How about … (Friday)?
Co takhle ... (pátek)?
What about … (the afternoon)?
A co ... (odpoledne)?
Could we arrange ... (to have lunch)?
Domluvíme se ... (na oběd)?
I look forward to meeting you on … (Wednesday). Těším se na setkání ... (ve čtvrtek).
See you … (next week). Uvidíme se ... (příští týden).
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Yes, … (Tuesday) suits me fine. Good Dobře
to see you again. že vás zase vidím.
Ano, ... (úterý) mi vyhovuje. Nice Je hezké
Yes, that’s fine. Ano, to je dobré.
How are you? Jak se máte? Fine, thanks. And you? Dobře, děkuji. A vy?
Yes, I can make it on … (Friday).
How are things? Jak to jde? Not too bad, thanks. Celkem dobře, děkuji.
Ano, ... (v pátek) můžu.
How’s the family? Jak se má rodina? Very well, thank you. Velmi dobře, děkuji.
No, I’m afraid I’m busy then.
Ne, obávám se, že v té době budu mít práci. morning. ráno.
No, I’m afraid I’ve got another appointment then. Good Dobrý/dobré afternoon. odpoledne.
Ne, obávám se, že už na tu dobu mám něco domluveno. evening. večer.
• Good night pouíváme pouze když večer odcházíme, nepoužívá se jako pozdrav.
Rozloučení
I must go now. Už musím jít.
We really must leave now. My už opravdu musíme jít.
I must be off. Už musím.
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 It was very nice meeting you. 씮 I really enjoyed meeting you, too. Odmítnutí
Velice rád jsem vás poznal. I já jsem vás velmi rád poznal. I think that will be difficult … (There isn’t enough time). Myslím, že to bude obtížné ...
trip. cestu. (není na to dost času).
Have a good Thank you ... (and the same to you).
journey. cestu. 씮 I’m afraid not … (I’m very busy). Obávám se, že ne ... (mám moc práce).
Šťastnou(ý)/příjemnou(ý) Děkuji ... (vám také). I’m sorry, but that’s not possible … (I’m leaving now). Je mi líto, ale ... (už odcházím/odjíždím).
flight. let.
I’m afraid not. Obávám se, že ne.
I hope to see you again. 씮 I hope so, too. Také doufám.
Doufám, že se ještě uvidíme.
Názory a návrhy Opinions and suggestions
I look forward to … (seeing you again). Těším se ... (až se znovu uvidíme).
I’m looking forward to … (our next meeting). Těším se ... (na naše další setkání). Ptáme se na názor Uvádíme svůj názor
What do you think about ... (the design)? In my opinion … (it’s excellent).
on the … (1 July). ... (1. července). Co si myslíte ... (o vzhledu/designu)? Podle mého názoru ... (je to vynikající).
See you next week. příští týden. What’s your opinion of ... (the quality)? I think … (it’s rather expensive).
Uvidíme se soon. brzy. Jaký je váš názor na ... (kvalitu)? Myslím, že ... (je to dost drahé).
How do you feel about ... (the price)?
Have a good trip back. zpáteční cestu. Co si myslíš ... (o ceně)?
Šťastnou(ý)/příjemnou(ý) flight back. zpáteční let.
Vyjadřovní souhlasu Vyjadřování nesouhlasu
I agree. Souhlasím. I’m afraid I don’t agree.
Nabídky a požádání Offers and requests I certainly agree with that. Obávám se, že nemohu souhlasit.
S tím samozřejmě souhlasím. I’m sorry, but I disagree.
Nabízíme I agree completely. Naprosto souhlasím. Je mi líto, ale já nesouhlasím.
Shall I … (open the window)? Neměl bych ... (otevřít okno)? Žádáme o návrhy
Do you want me to … (post the letter for you)? Chcete, abych ... (vám ten dopis poslal)? Do you have any suggestions for … (the agenda)? Máte nějaké návrhy ohledně ... (programu)?
If you like, I can … (give you some help). Když budete chtít, mohu ... (vám s tím pomoci). Any ideas on … (the parking problem)? Nějaké nápady ohledně ... (problému s parkováním)?
Would you like me to … (arrange a meeting)? Chcete, abych ... (domluvil schůzku)?
Dáváme návrhy
Přijímáme nabídku Odmítáme nabídku I suggest … (we meet at the hotel). Navrhuji, abychom ... (se setkali v hotelu).
Yes, please. Ano prosím. Thanks, but please don’t bother. How about … (going by plane)? Co takhle ... (letět letadlem)?
Thank you. Děkuji. Děkuji, ale neobtěžujte se. What about … (giving a talk)? Co takhle ... (přednést referát)?
That’s very kind of you. Thanks, but that won’t be necessary. Why don’t we … (have a meeting)? Proč si teď ... (neuděláme schůzi)?
To je od vás velmi milé. Děkuji, to nebude nutné. Why not … (finish with a party)? Proč ... (nezakončit večírkem)?
Thank you. I’d appreciate that. That’s very kind of you, but … (I can manage). We could … (arrange a tennis tournament). Mohli bychom ... (uspořádat turnaj v tenisu).
Děkuji, to bych vám byl vděčný. To je od vás velmi milé, ale ... (já si poradím).
Přijímáme návrhy Odmítáme návrhy
Požádání Souhlas Yes, that’s a good idea. Yes, but … (it’s too far away).
Ano, to je dobrý nápad. Ano, ale ... (je to moc daleko).
Can you … (come tomorrow)? Můžeš ... (přijít zítra)? Yes, of course. Yes, let’s do that. Ano, uděláme to. I’m not sure about that. Nejsem si tím jistý.
Could you … (write her a letter)? Mohl byste ... (jí napsat dopis)? Ano, samozřejmě. I’m afraid I don’t like that idea.
Would you … (book the hotel)? Mohl byste ... (zarezervovat hotel)? Yes, certainly. Je mi líto, mně se ten nápad nelíbí.
Do you think you could … (check it)? Ano, jistě.
Myslíte, že byste ... (to mohl zkontrolovat/zjistit)?

Would you mind … (checking it)? Not at all.

Vadilo by vám, kdybyste ... (to zkontroloval/zjistil)? Ne, vůbec ne.
Do you mind … (checking it)? No, of course not.
Vadilo by vám ... (to zkontroloval/zjistil)? Ne, samozřejmě že ne.

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Loučíme se Saying goodbye Odmítáme prosbu

Děkujeme za pohostinnost Could I borrow your car? 씮 Sorry, but I need it.
Mohl bych si půjčit vaše auto? Je mi líto, potřebuju ho.
for inviting us. za pozvání. We’ve had a wonderful time. Do you mind if I smoke? Well, I’d rather you didn’t.
Thank you for everything. za všechno. Moc se nám to líbilo. Vadilo by vám, kdybych si zapálil? No, byl bych raději, kdybyste nekouřil.
Děkuji very much for your hospitality. It was really enjoyable. Bylo to velmi příjemné.
za vaši pohostinnost. I really appreciated it. Opravdu to oceňuji. Vydáváme a podáváme si různé věci
Everything was great. Bylo to skvělé.
Thanks a lot. Moc děkuji. Have you got the tickets? Máte vstupenky? 씮 Yes, here they are. Ano, tady jsou.
Could you pass the bread, please? 씮 Yes, here you are. Ano, tady je.
Odpovídáme na poděkování Mohl byste mi prosím podat chléb?
could come. jste mohl přijít.
I’m glad you enjoyed it. jste si to užil. Vyjadřujeme překvapení
Jsem rád, že found it interesting. vás to zaujalo.
They’ve got six children now. Oni už mají šest dětí. 씮 Really! Opravdu!
liked it. se vám to líbilo.
Reagujeme na dobré zprávy
Zdvořilostní fráze Social responses I’ve passed my final exams! Congratulations! Gratuluji!
Poděkování Složil jsem závěrečné zkoušky! That’s great! To je skvělé!

Thanks for all your help. Don’t mention it. To nestojí za řeč. Reagujeme na špatné zprávy
Děkuji za všechnu vaši pomoc. Not at all. Není zač.
Thank you for your advice. Děkuji za radu. You’re welcome. (US) I failed my driving test. 씮 Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. To je mi líto.
Rádo se stalo. (americká angličtina) Neudělal jsem zkoušku v autoškole.

Omluvy Reagujeme na různá přání

Sorry I’m late. Omlouvám se, že jdu pozdě. It doesn’t matter. To nevadí. Have a good weekend. Hezký víkend. Thanks. You too. Děkuji, vám také.
I’m sorry. I’ve broken a glass. Don’t worry. Netrapte se tím. I hope you enjoy your holiday. Thanks, and the same to you.
Omlouvám se, rozbil jsem skleničku. Never mind. Nic se nestalo. Doufám, že se vám dovolená vydaří. Děkuji, ať se vám také vydaří.

Žádáme o zopakování Pobyt v hotelu Staying at a hotel

Sorry? Promiňte Could you repeat that, please? Můžete to prosím zopakovat?
Rezervujeme si pokoj
Pardon? Pardon I’m sorry, I didn’t catch ... (your name).
Omlouvám se, nepochytil jsem ... (vaše jméno). I’d like to book a single jednolůžkový
room for 4 April. pokoj na 4. dubna.
Rád bych si objednal double dvoulůžkový
Žádáme o dovolení a reagujeme na ně
Žádáme o služby
Yes, of course. Ano, samozřejmě.
May I sit here? Mohu si tu sednout? I’d like a room, please. Rád bych si objednal pokoj prosím.
Please do. Poslužte si.
Could I use your phone? Mohl bych si od vás zavolat? Could I have an early morning call, at 6.30? Můžete mě prosím vzbudit telefonem v 6.30?
Yes, certainly. Ano, jistě.
Could I have my bill, please? Můžete mi prosím připravit účet?
Do you mind if I open the window? 씮 No, not at all. Can I pay by credit card? Mohu zaplatit kreditní kartou?
Vadilo by vám, kdybych otevřel okno? Ne, vůbec ne.
Přijíždíme do hotelu
I have a reservation. Mám rezervovaný pokoj.

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Telefonování Telephoning Počasí Sport a volný čas
What was the weather like in ... (London)? What do you do at the weekends?
Představujeme se
Jaké je v Londýně počasí? Co děláte o víkendech?
Hello. This is ... (James Turner). Dobrý den. Tady je ... (James Turner). Do you play any sports? Děláte nějaké sporty?
Is that ... (Monique Bresson)? Je to ... (Monique Bressonová)? 씮 Yes, speaking. Ano, u telefonu. Cestování a dovolená Novinky
Could I/I’d like to speak to ... (Mr Brown). 씮 Who’s calling, please? Do you travel a lot? Cestujete hodně? What’s the latest news on … (the election)?
Mohl bych mluvit s ... (panem Brownem)? Kdo volá prosím? Which countries do you visit? Jaké jsou poslední zprávy o ... (volbách)?
I’m calling about ... (the letter I sent you). Volám kvůli ... (tomu dopisu, který jsem vám poslal). Do jakých zemí jezdíte? Is there any news about … (the conference)?
Hold the line, please. Počkejte na lince, prosím. Where did you spend ... (your last holiday)? Jsou nějaké novinky o ... (konferenci)?
Kde jste strávil ... (svou poslední dovolenou)?
(Mr Brown) is in a meeting at the moment.
I’m sorry, ... Je mi líto, ale ... (pan Brown) je teď na schůzi.
I’m afraid ... Obávám se, že ... (he)’s busy at present. je teď zaneprázdněný.
(she) isn’t here. teď tu není.

Necháváme vzkaz
take a message? mu něco vyřídit?
Can I Mohu
leave a message? mu nechat vzkaz?
Could you take a message? Mohl byste jí něco vyřídit?
ask ... (her) to call ... (Luigi Bastini)?
Could you (ji) požádat, aby zavolala ... (Luigimu Bastinimu)?
Mohl byste tell ... (him) that ... (Duncan Ross) called?
(mu) říct, že volal ... (Duncan Ross)?
Could you spell ... (your name), please? Mohl byste prosím hláskovat své jméno?
What’s your number, please? Jaké je vaše telefonní číslo?

Máme hosta Welcoming a visitor

Cesta na místo pobytu Host

Did you have a good journey?
Měl jste dobrou cestu?
How was your flight? Jaký byl let?
Did you have any problems finding us?
Našel jste nás bez problémů?
How did you get here?
Čím jste přijel/jak jste se sem dostal?
Are you here on business? Jste tu služebně?
Zaměstnání
What do you do? Jaké je vaše zaměstnání?
Where do you work? Kde pracujete?
What are you working on currently?
Na čem teď právě pracujete?
Where do you live? Kde bydlíte?
Which part of the country/city is that?
V které části země/města to je?
První dojmy
What do you think of … (the new airport)?
Co si myslíte o ... (tom novém letišti)?
Is this your first visit to … (Barcelona)?
Jste v ... (Barceloně) poprvé?
How long are you here for?
Na jak dlouho jste přijel?

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JINÉ UŽITEČNÉ INFORMACE OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION Data (v písmu) Dates (written)
Britská angličtina Americká angličtina
Americká angličtina American English 2.11.04 2 November 2004 11/2/04 November 2 2004

V tomto oddílu se popisují některé rozdíly mezi americkou a britskou angličtinou. Rozdíly nejsou Data (v řeči) Dates (spoken)
velké a mohou se v různých oblastech USA lišit. Britská angličtina Americká angličtina
have/have got She started work on the second of She started work on November
V britské angličtině se pro vyjádření vlastnictví častu užívá have got. November, two thousand and four. second, two thousand and four.
Britská angličitna Britská/americká angličtina Slovní zásoba Vocabulary
I’ve got a German car. I have an Italian car. Britská angličtina Americká angličtina Britská angličtina Americká angličtina
Have you got a fax machine? Yes, I have. Do you have any children? Yes, I do.
flat apartment post mail
No, I haven’t. No, I don’t.
car automobile cinema movie theatre
Rozdíl je pouze v přítomném čase prostém Present Simple, v jiných časech nikoli. Sloveso have se
užívá také pro vyjádření děje stejně v britské i v americké angličtině. taxi cab trousers pants
Britská/americká angličtina chemist drugstore wallet pocketbook
I have an English lesson every week. lift elevator railway railroad
Do you have coffee for breakfast? Yes, I do. autumn fall toilet restroom
No, I don’t. tap faucet return ticket round trip ticket
ground floor first floor pavement sidewalk
Předpřítomný čas prostý/minulý čas prostý Present Perfect Simple/Past Simple
motorway freeway tube/underground subway
Tam, kde se v britské angličtině používá předpřítomný čas Present Perfect, používá se v americké
petrol gas holiday vacation
angličtině minulý čas prostý Past Simple.
Britská angličtina Americká angličtina
I’ve just finished the report. I just finished the report. Žádáme o pomoc Asking for help
Have you seen her yet? Did you see her yet? Sorry, I don’t understand. Promiňte, já nerozumím.
I haven’t finished the work yet. I didn’t finish the work yet. I don’t know what ... (‘currently’) means. Nevím, co znamená ... (‘currently’).
What does ... (‘working knowledge’) mean? Co znamená ... (‘working knowledge’)?
We’ve already met. We already met.
What do you call this in English? Jak se to řekne anglicky?
How do you say ... (‘chtěl bych si objednat pokoj’) in English? Jak se anglicky řekne (‘chtěl bych si
Předložky Prepositions
objednat pokoj’)?
Britská angličtina Americká angličtina Could you say that again, please? Mohl byste to prosím říci ještě jednou?
at the weekend on the weekend Could you repeat that, please? Můžete to prosím zopakovat?
Could you speak more slowly, please? Můžete prosím mluvit pomaleji?
five minutes past two five minutes past/after two Could you spell that, please? Mohl byste to prosím hláskovat?
ten minutes to six ten minutes to/of six Could you write that down, please? Můžete to prosím napsat?
write to me write me
meet someone meet with someone
stay at home stay home
Tuesday to Saturday Tuesday through Saturday
visit somebody visit with somebody

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Země a národnosti Countries and nationalities Zakončení
Please contact me again (if you need any more information).
Země Národnost Země Národnost Let me know (if you need anything else).
America (the USA) American Ireland Irish I look forward to (welcoming you …)
Australia Australian Italy Italian Hoping (to see you soon).
Austria Austrian Japan Japanese See you (in Prague).
Belgium Belgian Mexico Mexican
Brazil Brazilian the Netherlands Dutch Ukázka obchodního dopisu
Canada Canadian Norway Norwegian
China Chinese Poland Polish CUNNINGHAM ASSOCIATES
the Czech Republic Czech Portugal Portuguese 26, Trent Rd, Bicester, Oxon OX6 8RN
Denmark Danish Romania Romanian Tel: 01869 204950 Fax: 01869 204900
Finland Finnish Russia Russian info@cunningham.com
www.cunningham.com
France French Slovakia Slovak/Slovakian 22 February 2004
Germany German Spain Spanish
Great Britain/the UK British Sweden Swedish Jean Paul Leclerc
ZigZag SA
Greece Greek Switzerland Swiss
74, rue Jules Ferry
Hungary Hungarian Thailand Thai 75116 Paris
India Indian Turkey Turkish
Dear Mr Leclerc
E-maily, faxy a dopisy Emails, faxes, and letters Thank you for your letter of 15 January. I apologize for not replying sooner.

Oslovení Závěr I am writing to confirm that I will be in Paris on 7 March and will be very happy to meet
you for lunch and visit your factory in the afternoon, as you suggest. Unfortunately I will
Dear Sir/Madam Yours faithfully
not be able to attend your company dinner as I am flying to Rome in the evening.
Dear Mr Murphy/Ms White Yours sincerely
Dear Andrea Best wishes/Best regards/Yours Could you please send me your catalogue and price list as I would like to show it to my
Hi Jon See you soon colleagues at our meeting next week.
I enclose a printout of our latest design, which I hope will be of interest.
Úvodní pasáž Uvádíme důvod, proč píšeme
Following (our phone conversation today …) I am writing (to enquire about …) I look forward to meeting you next month. Please let me know if you would like me to bring
In reply to (your fax received …) I am pleased (to confirm …) any samples of merchandise.
Thank you for (your fax of ...) This letter is (to thank you …)
Thanks for (your email …) This fax is (to give you details of …) Yours sincerely
This email is (to get in touch …) David Cunningham
Požádání Soubory v příloze (e-mail) Manager
Could you please (reserve …) I attach (two files …)
Would you please (tell me …) enc.
Přílohy v dopise
Please fax/email me (your mobile phone no.)
I enclose (a copy of …)
Uvádíme špatné zprávy Omluvy • Jestliže dopis začínáme Dear Sir nebo Dear Madam, zakončujeme ho Yours faithfully.
I am sorry (to inform you …) I apologize for (the delay ...) Jestliže dopis začínáme křestním jménem adresáta (např. Dear Mr Leclerc), zakončujeme jej
Unfortunately (I will not be able to …) I’m sorry about (the mistake …) Yours sincerely.
Sorry (I didn’t get back to you earlier …) Píšeme-li příteli či blízkému obchodnímu partnerovi, zakončujeme Best wishes, Best regards,
Yours.
• Pomocí Ms můžeme nahradit Mrs a Miss. Ms neudává, zda je žena vdaná či nikoli.
Předpřítomný čas prostý
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Časové přímky Grammar timelines Matematické termíny Mathematical terms
+ 3 + 5=8 three plus five is eight
Minulý čas prostý Předpřítomný čas prostý - 7 – 1=6 seven minus one is six
Past Simple Present Perfect Simple ÷ 20 ÷ 2 =10 twenty divided by two is ten
x 3 x 3=9 three times/multiplied by three is nine
= 1 + 4=5 one plus four is/equals five
% 75% seventy-five per cent

1992
Fairtrade
started in the
UK in 1992
]
She’s been a doctor for 10 years.
1

3
/4
/3
/2
/4
11/2
a quarter
a third
a half
three quarters
one and a half

Past Now Past Now

Fonetické symboly Phonetic symbols
Samohlásky
Předpřítomný čas prostý Předpřítomný čas průběhový i: jako ve slově see /si:/ u jako ve slově situation /%sItSu"eISn/
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous I jako ve slově sit /sIt/ 3: jako ve slově girl /g3:l/
e jako ve slově ten /ten/ @ jako ve slově ago /@"g@U/
& jako ve slově hat /h&t/ eI jako ve slově page /peIdZ/

256r
A: jako ve slově arm /A:m/ @U jako ve slově home /h@Um/
In recent years the price of Q jako ve slově got /gQt/ aI jako ve slově five /faIv/
coffee has fallen. O: jako ve slově saw /sO:/ aU jako ve slově now /naU/
U jako ve slově put /pUt/ OI jako ve slově join /dZOIn/

K Saint-Gobain has been making glass

since 1665.
u:
V
jako ve slově
jako ve slově
too /tu:/
cup /kVp/
I@
e@
jako ve slově
jako ve slově
near /nI@(r)/
hair /he@(r)/
i jako ve slově happy /"h&pi/ U@ jako ve slově pure /pjU@(r)/
Past Now Past Now
Souhlásky
p jako ve slově pen /pen/ s jako ve slově so /s@U/
Předpřítomný čas prostý since a for since and for b jako ve slově bad /b&d/ z jako ve slově zoo /zu:/
Present Perfect Simple t jako ve slově tea /ti:/ S jako ve slově she /Si:/
d jako ve slově did /dId/ Z jako ve slově television /"telIvIZn/
k jako ve slově cat /k&t/ h jako ve slově how /haU/
g jako ve slově got /gQt/ m jako ve slově man /m&n/

;
Í jako ve slově chin /ÍIn/ n jako ve slově no /n@U/
since 2003 since since dZ jako ve slově June /dZu:n/ N jako ve slově sing /sIN/
last month Monday f jako ve slově fall /fO:l/ l jako ve slově leg /leg/
v jako ve slově voice /vOIs/ r jako ve slově red /red/
You’ve written a lot of books about T jako ve slově thin /TIn/ j jako ve slově yes /jes/
the business world. D jako ve slově then /Den/ w jako ve slově wet /wet/
Past Now Past Now

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WORD LIST
Unit 1
a lot adv /@ "lQt/ velmi, hodně, mnoho
There are a lot of people in this room.
about adv /@"baUt/ kolem, okolo přibližně
It costs about 10 Euros.
about prep /@"baUt/ o kom, čem It’s a book
about birds.
activity n /&k"tIv@ti/ aktivita, činnost The
club provides a wide variety of activities.
actually adv /"&ktju@li/ ve skutečnosti,
vlastně It’s not actually raining.
add v /&d/ sčítat, sečíst, přidat She added
the eggs to the milk.
against prep /@"genst, @"geInst/ proti The people
are against the decision to close the hospital.
agenda n /@"dZend@/ program, pořad jednání
The next item on the agenda is the finance report.
although conj /O;l"D@U/ ačkoliv, přestože
Although the sun was shining, it wasn’t very warm.
always adv /"O;lweIz/ vždy He always
arrives at 7.30 a.m.
appointment n /@"pOIntm@nt/ schůzka I’ve
got a doctor’s appointment at 3.00 p.m.
approximate adj /@"prQksIm@t/ přibližný
The cost is only approximate.
area n /"e@rI@/ oblast She knows the local
area very well.
arrange v /@"reIndZ/ dohodnout se, ujednat
si, sjednat Can you arrange the meeting?
arrangement n /@"reIndZm@nt/ úmluva,
dohoda plán I’ll make arrangements for your
journey.
article n /"A;tIkl/ článek, stať Have you seen
that article about the college?
at present idiom /@t "preznt/ v současné
době, v současnosti, momentálně Jane is
working in London at present.
at the moment idiom /@t D@ "m@Um@nt/
právě teď, v tomto okamžiku We’re very busy
at the moment.
attend v /@t"end/ účastnit se, zúčastnit se,
navštěvovat Twenty people attended the meeting.
back adv /b&k/ zpět, zpátky, dozadu Sit
back and relax.
billion n /"bIlj@n/ bilión GB, miliarda US
36
cooking n /"kUkIN/ vaření, úprava jídel My event n /I"vent/ událost, plánovaná veřejná/
husband does all the cooking. společenská akce It is a very important social
They have spent billions on the new building.
correct adj /k@"rekt/ správný, bezchybný event.
boss n /bQs/ šéf/šéfka, vedoucí I hope my
Do you have the correct answer? exact adj /Ig"z&kt/ přesný She gave an
boss is happy with my work.
country n /"kVntri/ venkov We had a exact description of the woman.
both pron /b@UT/ oba, obě Both women
wonderful holiday in the country. example n /Ig"zA;mpl/ příklad Can you
were American.
country n /"kVntri/ země, státi např. Francie, give me an example?
bracket n /"br&kIt/ závorka The dates are
Itálie She was happy living in a foreign country. expect v /Ik"spekt/ očekávat, čekat, předpokládat
in brackets after the name of the book.
cuisine n /kwI"zi;n/ tradiční kuchyně, We are expecting him to arrive at 1.00 p.m.
business card n /"bIzn@s kA;d/ vizitka,
místní kuchyně Italian cuisine is very popular. expert n /"eksp3;t/ odborník/odbornice,
navštívenka We exchanged business cards.
daily adj /"deIli/ každodenní Mr Harris znalec/znalkyně He’s a computer expert.
business trip n /"bIzn@s trIp/ služební
reads a daily newspaper. explanation n /ekspl@"neISn/ vysvětlení
cesta He made several business trips to China.
decide v /dI"sAId/ rozhodnout, rozhodnout se His explanation was not very good.
business n /"bIzn@s/ obchod It’s been a
It was difficult to decide between the two people. export v /Ik"spO;t/ vyvážet The country
pleasure to do business with you.
decrease v /dI"kri;s/ snížit se, klesat, exports fruit.
camping n /"k&mpIN/ táboření, kempování
klesnout The price has decreased this year. fair n /fe@/ veletrh, prodejní výstava Are
I love camping.
diagram n /"daI@gr&m/ diagram, grafické you going to the fair in Madrid?
case n /keIs/ případ, situace In some cases
znázornění The results are shown in diagram 2. ferry n /"feri/ trajekt, převozní loď We took
people have to wait for a long time.
dialogue n /"daI@lQg/ rozhovor The book the ferry from Dover to Calais.
certainly adv /"s3;t@nli/ určitě, jistě,
has long dialogues. figure n /"fIg@/ počet, množství Figures for
samozřejmě I’m certainly never going there again.
different adj /"dIfr@nt/ odlišný, rozdílný, jiný this month are better than last month.
cheap adj /tSi;p/ levný, laciný Computers
British English is different from American English. file n /faIl/ soubor, shromážděné a setříděné
are very cheap today.
dine v /daIn/ stolovat, jíst, obědvat, večeřet dokumenty/informace I had many files to organize.
check v /tSek/ kontrolovat, zkontrolovat
We dined with my family at an Indian restaurant. fill in v /fIl "In/ doplnit, vyplnit, vepsat
Check your work before giving it to me.
discuss v /dI"skVs/ diskutovat, projednávat, Please fill in this form.
choose v /tSu;z/ vybrat, vybrat si, zvolit, zvolit
projednat Have you discussed the problem with fine adj /faIn/ v pořádku, těšící se dobrému
si There are many restaurants to choose from.
anyone? zdraví How are you? Fine, thanks.
city centre n /sIti "sent@/ střed města This
edition n /@"dISn/ vydání, edice The story fine adv /faIn/ dobře, fajn, to mi vyhovuje
bus doesn’t go to the city centre.
was in Tuesday’s edition of The Times. - vyjádření souhlasu Can I have a look? Fine,
coach n /k@UtS/ autobus, autokar, zájezdový
editor n /"edIt@/ redaktor/redaktorka, go ahead.
autobus They went to Paris by coach.
vydavatel He is a dictionary editor. first adj /f3;st/ první It was the first time she
colleague n /"kQli;g/ kolega/kolegyně
employer n /Im"plOI@/ zaměstnavatel/ had been abroad.
Peter is a colleague of mine from the office.
zaměstnavatelka They are one of the largest flexitime n /"fleksi;taIm/ pohyblivá
communicate v /k@m"ju;nIkeIt/
employers in the area. pracovní doba She works flexitime.
komunikovat We communicate by email.
employment n /Im"plOIm@nt/ zaměstnání, fluently adv /"flu;@ntli/ plynule, plynně He
communication n /k@mju;nI"keISn/ komunikace
zaměstnanost It is difficult for young people to speaks German fluently.
We are in regular communication by email.
find full-time employment. focus n /"f@Uk@s/ pozornost, zaměření,
commute v /k@"mju;t/ dojíždět She
enjoy v /In"dZOI/ bavit se, užívat si I really ohnisko It was the main focus of the meeting.
commutes to work by car.
enjoyed the party. for prep /fO;/ pro, ve prospěch čeho The people
competition n /kQmp@"tISn/ konkurence,
enter v /"ent@/ přihlásit se, účastnit se are for building a new school in the village.
soutěž Sarah’s team won the competition.
soutěže Many people entered the competition. foreign language n /"fQr@n l&NgwIdZ/ cizí
complete v /k@m"pli;t/ dokončit The
estimated adj /"estImeItId/ odhadovaný, jazyk How many foreign languages do you speak?
project took five years to complete.
odhadnutý The building is estimated to cost form n /fO;m/ formulář You need to
consultant n /k@n"sVlt@nt/ poradce/poradkyně
€10 million. complete a form.
He works as a management consultant.
European Union n /ju;r@2pI@n "ju;nI@n/ free adj /fri;/ zdarma, bezplatný, k dispozici
conversation n /kQnv@"seISn/ konverzace
Evropská unie There are 27 countries in the Is this seat free?
I had a long conversation with her the other day.
European Union. gap n /g&p/ mezera There is a large gap in
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the window.
genius n /"dZi;nI@s/ génius Professor Jones
is a genius.
go down v /g@U "daUn/ snížit se, klesat,
poklesnout The price of petrol has gone down.
golf n /gQlf/ golf He plays golf every weekend.
government n /"gVv@m@nt/ vláda The
government is discussing new education laws.
greet v /gri;t/ pozdravit, přivítat, uvítat She
greeted us with a smile.
greeting n /"gri;tIN/ pozdrav, uvítání They
exchanged greetings and then the meeting started.
grower n /"gr@U@/ pěstitel/pěstitelka The
vegetables are from a local grower.
guest n /gest/ host, návštěvník/návštěvnice
We have guests this weekend.
happen v /"h&p@n/ stát se, přihodit se What
happened?
hard-working adj /hA;d "w3;kIN/ pracovitý,
pilný She is a very hard-working student.
helpful adj /"helpfl/ užitečný, prospěšný It
would be helpful for me to see it.
holiday n /"hQl@deI/ prázdniny, dovolená
Where did you go on holiday last year?
horse-riding n /"hO;s raIdIN/ jízda na koni,
jezdectví Horse-riding is her favourite hobby.
how often adv /haU "Qf@n, haU "Qft@n/ jak
často How often do you go to the cinema?
I’m afraid idiom /aIm @"freId/ obávám se,
bohužel omluva I’m afraid I can’t help you.
imagine v /I"m&dZIn/ představit si It was
exactly how I imagined it.
import v /Im"pO;t/ dovážet The country has
to import most of its materials.
important adj /Im"pO;t@nt/ důležitý This
job is very important.
importer n /Im"pO;t@/ dovozce They are a
car importer.
increase v /In"kri;s/ zvyšovat, zvýšit, zvětšovat
se, růst, narůst The price of petrol has increased.
infinitive n /In"fIn@tIv/ infinitiv ‘Can’ is
followed by an infinitive without ‘to’.
inform v /In"fO;m/ informovat Please inform
us of any changes.
information n /Inf@"meISn/ informace
Please contact us for further information.
international adj /Int@"n&Sn@l/ mezinárodní
38
He works for an international company.
interpreter n /In"t3;pr@t@/ tlumočník/
tlumočnice Lisa works as an interpreter.
interview n,v /"Int@vju;/ pohovor, interview;
mít pohovor Good luck at your interview! / We
will have to interview all the candidates.
introduce v /Intr@"dju;s/ představit se
formálně seznámit jmény Let me introduce
you to my manager.
introduction n /Intr@"dVkSn/ představení
After the introductions, the meeting started.
join v /dZOIn/ spojit se, připojit se, stát se
členem čeho Helen has joined a gym to try to
get fit.
journalist n /"dZ3;n@lIst/ novinář/novinářka
She’s a TV journalist.
June n /dZu;n/ červen June has only 30 days.
key n /ki;/ klíč The key to doing well in
exams is to study hard.
later adv /"leIt@/ později Can you finish that
later?
leisure adj /"leZ@/ volný What leisure
activities do you do?
lifestyle n /"laIfstaIl/ životní styl They have
a very exciting lifestyle.
long-term adj /"lQN t3;m/ dlouhodobý This
is long-term investment.
look forward to v /lUk "fO;w@d tu;/ těšit
se I’m looking forward to seeing him.
magazine n /m&g@"zi;n/ časopis The
pictures in the magazine were beautiful.
main adj /meIn/ hlavní The main problem
is the money.
meaning n /"mi;nIN/ význam, smysl What
is the meaning of this word?
meet v /mi;t/ setkat se, sejít se, dát si
schůzku They first met at school.
meeting n /"mi;tIN/ schůzka, setkání Where
is the meeting?
midday n /mId"deI/ poledne Let’s meet at
midday.
midnight n /"mIdnaIt/ půlnoc She arrived
home at midnight.
million n /"mIlj@n/ milión His house is
worth a million.
missing adj /"mIsIN/ chybějící, nepřítomný
Her cat is missing.
motorbike n /"m@Ut@baIk/ motorka He picture n /"pIktS@/ obraz, obrázek I have got
rides his motorbike to work. many pictures on my walls at home.
museum n /mju;"zI@m/ muzeum There are plane n /pleIn/ letadlo What time does your
many valuable objects in the museum. plane leave?
never adv /"nev@/ nikdy I have never been population n /pQpj@"leISn/ populace,
to New Zealand. obyvatelstvo 50% of the population speak
nice adj /naIs/ pěkný, hezký, milý Did you English fluently.
have a nice time? practise v /"pr&ktIs/ cvičit, procvičovat
notebook n /"n@UtbUk/ zápisník I must Musicians have to practise for hours every day.
write it down in my notebook. present v /pr@"zent/ prezentovat
of course idiom /@v "kO;s/ samozřejmě, představovat, představit/ukazovat, ukázat The
zajisté Don’t you like it? Of course I do! Queen will present the prizes.
offer v /"Qf@/ nabídnout, nabízet He offered presentation n /prez@n"teISn/ prezentace,
her €2,000 for the car. předvedení He is giving a presentation to his
often adv /"Qf@n, "Qft@n/ často She often boss.
visits her grandmother at the weekend. producer n /pr@"dju;s@/ výrobce, osoba/
on time idiom /Qn "taIm/ včas, přesně The organizace vyrábějící zboží France is a
train was on time. famous wine producer.
once adv /wVns/ jednou, jedenkrát I’ve only profile n /"pr@UfaIl/ profil, popis The
been there once. magazine published a profile of the famous actor.
opinion n /@"pInj@n/ názor, mínění What’s pronunciation n /pr@nVnsi"eISn/ výslovnost
your opinion? What’s the pronunciation of this word?
opposite adj /"Qp@zIt/ opačný, protilehlý, publisher n /"pVblIS@/ nakladatel, vydavatel
nacházející se naproti The bank is opposite the
Oxford University Press is a publisher.
supermarket. quiz n /kwIz/ kvíz, test Did you win the quiz?
organize v /"O;g@naIz/ organizovat, rarely adv /"re@li/ zřídka, vzácně, málokdy
pořádat The school has organized a trip. I rarely eat meat.
organizer n /"O;g@naIz@/ organizátor/ rate v /reIt/ hodnotit, ohodnotit, posuzovat,
organizátorka, pořadatel/pořadatelka He is a odhadnout kvalitu Schools are rated
good organizer. according to exam results.
pair n /pe@/ pár, dvojice He bought a new really adv /"rI@li/ opravdu, skutečně Tell me
pair of trousers. what really happened.
parent n /"pe@r@nt/ rodič Her parents live in record v /rI"kO;d/ zaznamenat, nahrát,
Canada. zapsat, zachytit fakta The secretary recorded
partner n /"pA;tn@/ partner, partnerka, everything that was said at the meeting.
osoba, která se účastní aktivity jiné region n /"ri;dZ@n/ region, oblast, území
osoby Paul is my tennis partner. There is a large unpopulated region in the
percentage n /p@"sentIdZ/ procento What north of the country.
percentage of the population are over 60? regularly adv /"regj@l@li/ pravidelně Water
personal adj /"p3;s@n@l/ osobní That is a the plants regularly.
very personal question. repeat v /rI"pi;t/ opakovat, zopakovat I’m
photographer n /f@"tQgr@f@/ fotograf/ sorry! Could you repeat that?
fotografka He is a wonderful photographer. reply n /rI"plaI/ odpověď There were over
photography n /f@"tQgr@fi;/ fotografování 100 replies to the advertisement.
He usually does wedding photography. represent v /reprI"zent/ zastupovat,
phrase n /freIz/ fráze, vazba, slovní spojení reprezentovat David Williams represented the
Do you have a phrase for that in Czech? Prime Minister at the ceremony.
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response n /rI"spQns/ odpověď, reakce The
response made her angry.
restaurant n /"restrQnt/ restaurace Which
is your favourite restaurant?
rewrite v /ri;"raIt/ přepsat I will have to
rewrite that letter.
right adj /raIt/ správný That’s the right answer!
routine n /ru;"ti;n/ obvyklý postup, běžná
praxe, rutina You should make exercise a part of
your routine.
rule n /rU@l/ pravidlo, předpis There are
many rules when you are at school.
run v /rVn/ vést, řídit, provozovat, být za
něco zodpovědný, velet čemu They run a
small business in the centre of town.
sailing n /"seIlIN/ plavba, plachtění Have
you ever tried sailing?
salary n /"s&l@ri/ plat His annual salary has
just increased.
sale n /seIl/ prodej The sale starts on
January 1st.
sales conference n /"seilz kQnfr@ns/
obchodní konference John is at the sales
conference in Liverpool.
second language n /sek@nd "l&NgwIdZ/
cizí jazyk nemateřský Do you speak a second
language?
service n /"s3;vIs/ služba The service in the
restaurant was very slow.
several det pron /"sevr@l/ několik The
journey took several days.
shake hands v /SeIk "h&ndz/ podat si ruce,
potřást si rukama British people shake hands
when they meet.
sightseeing n /"saItsi;IN/ prohlížení
památek Do you enjoy sightseeing?
situation n /sItju;"eISn/ situace, stav The
situation is very difficult at the moment.
skiing n /"ski;IN/ lyžování He’s gone skiing
in France.
someone pron /"sVmwVn/ někdo There’s
someone at the door.
sometimes adv /"sVmtaImz/ někdy, občas
Sometimes I go to work by car.
speaker n /"spi;k@/ mluvčí; kdo mluví
určitým jazykem He was a guest speaker at
40
the conference.
special adj /"speSl/ speciální, zvláštní,
výjimečný She has a special ability.
specialize v /"speS@laIz/ specializovat se,
zaměřit se The company specializes in
children’s clothes.
spirits n /"spIrIts/ lihoviny, silné
alkoholické nápoje I don’t drink spirits.
stand n /st&nd/ stojan, panel, stánek;
konstrukce, na které se něco vystavuje She
helped at their stand during the fair.
suitcase n /"su;tkeIs/ kufr Have you packed
your suitcase?
sunbathing n /"sVnbeIDIN/ opalování I
don’t like sunbathing.
sure adj /SU@, SO;/ jistý, jasný Are you sure
this is the correct way?
survey n /"s3;veI/ průzkum The company
carried out a survey of people’s attitudes to the
traffic.
task n /tA;sk/ dát za úkol Our first task is to
organize a meeting.
tennis n /"tenIs/ tenis Would you like to play
tennis?
thanks exclam /T&Nks/ poděkování; děkuji,
díky Thanks for your help!
theatre n /"TI@t@/ divadlo How often do you
go to the theatre?
three quarters n /Tri; "kwO;t@z/ tři čtvrtě
The journey takes three quarters of an hour.
three times adv /Tri; "taImz/ třikrát He earns
three times more than he did ten years ago.
tick v /tIk/ zaškrtnout, odškrtnout,
‘odfajfkovat’ I ticked the names of the
students in the class.
top adj /tQp/ nejlepší, zaujímající nejvyšší
místo v žebříčku He got top marks in his exam.
translation n /tr&nz"leISn/ překlad,
překládání What is the translation of this word?
translator n /tr&nz"leIt@/ překladatel/
překladatelka She works as a translator.
travel n, v /"tr&vl/ cestování; cestovat The
pass allows unlimited travel on the trains. /
Kate has travelled all over the world.
travelling n /"tr&vlIN/ cestování The job
requires a lot of travelling.
twice adv /twaIs/ dvakrát I’ve been to Spain
twice. has a garage full of automobiles.
underline v /Vnd@"laIn/ podtrhnout automotive adj /O;t@"m@UtIv/ automobilový
Underline the correct answer. He works in the automotive industry.
unemployed adj /VnIm"plOId/ birth n /b3;T/ narození What’s your date of
nezaměstnaný I’m unemployed at the moment. birth?
unhelpful adj /Vn"helpfl/ neochotny The box n /bQks/ krabice, skříňka Your present
woman in the shop was very unhelpful. is in the box.
useful adj /"ju;sfl/ užitečný It’s really usefulbrand n /br&nd/ značka, obchodní značka
to have a car. výrobku What brand of toothpaste do you use?
usually adv /"ju;Z@li/ obvykle, běžně brief adj /bri;f krátký, stručný We tried to
I usually get up at 8.00 a.m. keep the meeting brief.
vineyard n /"vInjA;d/ vinohrad, vinice The call v /kO;l/ volat, telefonovat I called Sue at
vineyard produces some of the best wines in the her office in London.
world. caller n /"kO;l@/ telefonující, volající The
way n /weI/ způsob, jakým se něco dělá caller didn’t leave a message.
I hate the way she speaks to me. care n /ke@/ péče, pečlivost Choose your
welcome v /"welk@m/ vítat, uvítat, university with care.
přivítat Karen welcomed us with a big smile. career n /k@"rI@/ kariéra, povolání It is
what adv /wQt/ jaký, který, co What does difficult to have a career in business and
he do? finance without any experience.
when adv /wen/ kdy When does your train centre n /"sent@/ centrum; místo, odkud je
leave? něco řízeno The building is the centre for all
where adv /we@/ kde, kam Where is the the company activities.
railway station? change n /tSeIndZ/ změna There have been
which adv /wItS/ který, kdo, co Which is many changes in technology in the last few years.
better – swimming or running? channel n /"tS&nl/ vysílací kanál, např.
who adv /hu;/ který, kdo (o osobách) Who televizní There are never any good films on
are you? the movie channel.
wine n /waIn/ víno Would you prefer red or company n /"kVmp@ni/ společnost, firma It
white wine? is one of the largest companies in the world.
wine-producing adj /"waIn pr@dju;sIN/ consumer durable n /k@nsju;m@ "dZU@r@
vinařský Burgundy in France is a famous bl/ spotřební zboží Cars are a good example
wine-producing region. of a consumer durable.
consumer n /k@n"sju;m@/ spotřebitel
Unit 2 Consumers want more information about the
food products they buy.
abroad adv /@"brO;d/ zahraničí, do zahraničí, v contact n /"kQnt&kt/ kontakt There is little
zahraničí Have you travelled abroad much? contact between the companies.
another det pron /@"nVD@/ jiný, další Would cooker n /"kUk@/ vařič, sporák It is an
you like another drink? excellent gas cooker.
appliance n /@"plaI@ns/ zařízení, přístroj coordinator n /k@U"O;dIneIt@/ koordinátor/
That shop sells a wide range of appliances. koordinátorka The project needs a good
around adv /@"raUnd/ kolem, dokola, co-ordinator.
okolo He left around 5 o’clock. courage n /"kVrIdZ/ odvaha, kuráž He
arrive v /@"raIv/ přijet, přijít, dorazit What showed great courage.
time did she arrive? current adj /"kVr@nt/ současný, nynější,
automobile n /"O;t@m@bI@l/ automobil He týkající se současnosti The current exchange
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rate is very good.
customer n /"kVst@m@/ zákazník/
zákaznice I’m one of their best customers.
data n /"deIt@/ data, údaje The data was
collected from 100 countries.
date from v /"deIt frQm/ datovat se,
pocházet z doby The custom dates from the
17th century.
decision n /dI"sIZn/ rozhodnutí Ben knew
he’d made the right decision.
describe v /dI"skraIb/ popsat,
popisovat Can you describe him to me?
development n /dI"vel@pm@nt/ rozvoj,
vývoj The environment is being damaged by
the development.
director n /daI"rekt@/ ředitel/ředitelka He is
the finance director of the company.
discussion n /dI"skVSn/ diskuse, debata,
rozhovor The discussion lasted for hours.
dishwasher n /"dISwQS@/ myčka nádobí
Please empty the dishwasher.
distribution system n /dIstrI"bju;Sn sIst@m/
distribuční síť The company was experiencing
problems with its distribution system.
division n /dI"vIZn/ oddělení, divize, útvar
He works for the company’s sales division.
double adj /"dVbl/ dvojitý, dvojnásobný
She ate a double helping of the dessert.
economy n /I"kQn@mi/ ekonomika, např.
světová ekonomika The world economy is in
recession.
email n /"i;meIl/ elektronická pošta, e-mail
I got an email from Simon.
employ v /Im"plOI/ zaměstnat The company
employs over 500 people.
employee n /Im"plOIi;/ zaměstnanec/
zaměstnankyně The firm has over 500 employees.
enormous adj /I"nO;m@s/ obrovský, ohromný
That is an enormous amount of money.
equipment n /I"kwIpm@nt/ vybavení,
zařízení They work with very expensive pieces
of equipment.
exam n /Ig"z&m/ zkouška Unfortunately, he
failed his exam.
expand v /Ik"sp&nd/ rozšířit se, rozrůst se,
expandovat The company is hoping to expand
next year.
42
extract n /"ekstr&kt/ výtažek, výtah The
face cream contains natural plant extracts.
factory n /"f&kt@ri/ továrna The factory is
closing next month.
finance n /"faIn&ns/ finance The finance for
the project cannot be found.
for the moment adv /f@ D@ "m@Um@nt/
prozatím I’m living with my parents for the
moment.
free time n /fri; "taIm/ volný čas I don’t
have a lot of free time.
freezer n /"fri;z@/ mraznička, mrazák My freezer
isn’t working and my kitchen is full of water.
fridge n /frIdZ/ lednička Don’t leave the
fridge open!
full-time adv, adj /fUl "taIm/ na plný úvazek
I work full-time. / I’m looking for a full-time job.
future n /"fju;tS@/ budoucnost Do you think
we will find a cure for cancer in the future?
global adj /"gl@Ubl/ globální Maybe the
warmer weather is caused by global warming.
go up v /g@U "Vp/ stoupat, růst The price of
corn has gone up.
head office n /hed "QfIs/ sídlo společnosti
The company’s head office is in London.
hero n /"hI@r@U/ hrdina When the soldiers
returned, they were treated as heroes.
hold the line v /hQld D@ "lain/ zůstat u
telefonu, nepokládat, nezavěšovat Can I
speak to Mr Brown? Please hold the line and
I’ll just check if he’s available.
holiday n /"hQl@deI/ prázdniny, dovolená
Where are you going on your next holiday?
home n /h@Um/ domov I live at home with
my parents.
homework n /"h@UmwO;k/ domácí úkol
I’ve got lots of homework to do tonight.
hope v /h@Up/ doufat I hope I get the job.
illness n /"Iln@s/ nemoc Flu can be a very
serious illness.
improve v /Im"pru;v/ zlepšit se He’s living
in Oxford to improve his English.
improvement n /Im"pru;vm@nt/ zlepšení,
zdokonalení There has been a great
improvement in your work recently.
in work adj /In "wO;k/ v práci, pracující
There is support for mothers in work.
independently adv /IndI"pend@ntli/
nezávisle, samostatně It was the first time she
had lived independently.
job description n /"dZQb dIskrIpSn/ popis
práce, popis pracovní náplně The job
description didn’t really give much information
about the job.
job title n /"dZQb taItl/ název funkce His
job title is Managing Director.
journey n /"dZ3;ni/ cesta The journey took 3
hours.
kendo n /"kend@U/ kendo, šerm s
bambusovými meči Kendo is the Japanese
form of fencing.
lawn mower n /"lO;n m@U@/ sekačka na
trávu You should clean your lawn mower every
time you use it.
letter n /"let@/ písmeno, např. A, B, C Write
your name in capital letters.
letter heading n /"let@ hedIN/ záhlaví,
hlavička dopisu The letter heading is usually
at the top of the page.
limited adj /"lImItId/ omezený,
limitovaný We are doing our best with the
limited resources that are available.
list v /lIst/ vyjmenovat, sestavit seznam We
were asked to list our favourite books.
local adj /"l@Ukl/ místní Our children go to
the local school.
manager n /"m&nIdZ@/ manažer/manažerka,
ředitel/ředitelka Tim is a manager at the bank
in town.
manufacture v /m&nju "f&ktS@/ vyrábět,
vyrobit The factory manufactures plastic toys.
manufacturer n /m&nju "f&ktS@r@/ výrobce
They are a toy manufacturer.
market share n /mA;kIt "Se@/ podíl na trhu
They have a 30% worldwide market share.
match v /m&tS/ hodit se k čemu, odpovídat
They painted the doors blue to match the walls.
maternity leave n /m@"t3;nIti li;v/ mateřská
dovolená Sally is taking six-months maternity
leave.
mayonnaise n /meI@"neIz/ majonéza
Mayonnaise is made with eggs.
meet v /mi;t/ splnit, vyhovět, uspokojit,
např. uspokojit potřeby How can we meet the
needs of the entire group?
memory n /"mem@ri;/ paměť She’s got a
good memory.
message pad n /"mesIdZ p&d/ poznámkový
blok Write it down on the message pad by the
phone.
message n /"mesIdZ/ vzkaz Would you like
to leave a message?
mountain n /"maUntIn/ hora How high is
that mountain?
nationality n /n&S@"n&lIti/ národnost
What’s your nationality?
need n /ni;d/ potřeba We have to think
about the child’s special educational needs.
negotiate v /nI"g@USieIt/ jednat, projednávat
Charles is the best person to negotiate the deal.
office n /"Qfis/ kancelář I work in a large office.
official adj /@"fISl/ oficiální, úředně schválený
The country’s official language is Spanish.
on strike adj /Qn "straIk/ stávkující, ve
stávce Most of the teachers are now on strike.
operations n /Qp@"reISnz/ provoz, podnik
The company is involved in many overseas
operations.
organization n /O;g@naI"zeISn/ organizace
I work for a very large international organization.
out of work phrase /aUt @v "w3;k/ bez
práce, nezaměstnaný I have been out of work
for nearly a year now.
outdoor adj /aUt"dO;/ venkovní, konaný
venku I’m not really the outdoor type.
outside prep /aUt"saId/ zvenku, mimo, vně
něčeho That is outside my area of responsibility.
part-time adv, adj /pA;t "taIm/ na částečný
úvazek She is working part-time at the moment.
/ She works as a part-time shop assistant.
paternity leave n /p@"t3;nIti li;v/
rodičovská otcovská dovolená Nowadays,
most companies pay some paternity leave.
pensioner n /"penS@n@/ důchodce/
důchodkyně She is a pensioner now.
period n /"pI@rI@d/ období, doba, lhůta The
factory will be closed for a 2-year period.
phone call n /"f@Un kO;l/ telefonní hovor
John, there’s a phone call for you.
phone v /f@Un/ telefonovat, volat Can you
phone him back?
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plan n /pl&n/ plán What are your plans for
the weekend?
powered adj /"paU@d/ poháněný The
factory is powered by green energy.
prepare v /prI"pe@/ připravit, připravovat I
have to prepare for the presentation.
president n /"prezId@nt/ prezident/
prezidentka stojící v čele organizace Mrs Davis
is the president of the bank.
problem n /"prQbl@m/ problém What seems
to be the problem?
produce v /pr@"dju;s/ produkovat, zajišťovat
výrobu; např. televizního programu She
produced a TV series about crime.
produce v /pr@"dju;s/ vyrábět, vyrobit The
company produced 30,000 cars last year.
product n /"prQdVkt/ výrobek We need to
think of new products to sell.
professional n /pr@"feS@n@l/ profesionál,
odborník He is a professional.
project n /"prQdZekt/ projekt The research
project showed some interesting results.
receive v /rI"si;v/ obdržet, přijmout He
received an award for his good work.
refrigerator n /rI"frIdZ@reIt@/ lednička,
chladnička She took the milk out of the
refrigerator.
refuse v /rI"fju;z/ odmítnout The boy refused to
help me.
regional adj /"ri;dZ@n@l/ regionální, oblastní
There are regional food differences in France.
regular adj /"regj@l@/ pravidelný Regular
exercise is good for you.
relax v /rI"l&ks/ relaxovat, odpočívat
I decided to stay at home and relax.
research n /rI"s3;tS/ výzkum I have done
some research to find out the best prices.
retailer n /"ri;teIl@/ maloobchodník/
maloobchodnice They are one of the country’s
largest food retailers.
retired adj /rI"taI@d/ penzionovaný My
father is retired.
retirement n /rI"taI@m@nt/ důchod, odchod
do důchodu It can be difficult to keep busy
during your retirement.
revenue n /"rev@nju;/ příjem, výnos The
company’s annual revenues rose by 10%.
44
right now adv /raIt "naU/ právě teď Give
that back right now!
role n /r@Ul/ role, úloha, postavení What
exactly is your role in this company?
sales n /seIlz/ tržby Retail sales fell by 5%
last year.
salesman n /"seIlzm@n/ prodavač, obchodní
zástupce He is a very good salesman.
save v /seIv/ šetřit You should try and save
some money every month.
self-employed adj /self Im"plOId/ na volné
noze, samostatně výdělečně činný He is
currently self-employed.
short answer n /"SO;t A;ns@/ krátká
odpověď The short answer is ‘No!’
sick leave n /"sIk li;v/ nemocenská,
nepřítomnost v zaměstnání z důvodu nemoci
He has been on sick leave for two weeks.
social life n /"s@USl laIf/ společenský život
She has a very busy social life.
soon adv /su;n/ brzy See you soon!
spell v /spel/ hláskovat slovo po písmenech,
správně psát How do you spell your name?
state n /steIt/ stav The goods were in a
terrible state when they arrived at the shop.
story n /"stO;ri/ příběh He told us the story
of his life.
strike n /straIk/ stávka There is going to be
a strike at the airports next week.
subsidiary n /sVb"sIdj@ri/ dceřiný podnik,
pobočka firmy She is working for an overseas
subsidiary of the company.
successful adj /s@k"sesf@l/ úspěšný She is a
very successful business person.
suitable adj /"su;t@bl/ vhodný The
programme is not suitable for young children.
summer n /"sVm@/ léto The summer is too
short in the UK.
take v /teIk/ vzít si, např. dovolenou Have
you taken all your holidays for this year?
team n /ti;m/ tým, pracovní kolektiv
I enjoy working in a team.
these days adv /"Di;z deIz/ v dnešní době,
v současnosti These days people have more
money to spend.
tour n /tU@, tO;/ prohlídka, exkurze, okružní
cesta/jízda We went on a tour of Ireland.
turnover n /"t3;n@Uv@/ finanční obrat The
company turnover for last year was the best ever.
underground n /"Vnd@graUnd/ metro The
underground in London is very convenient.
vacuum cleaner n /"v&kju;m kli;n@/
vysavač Our vacuum cleaner is broken.
wartime adj /"wO;taIm/ válečný Fruit was
a luxury in wartime Britain.
washing machine n /"wQSIN m@Si;n/ pračka
How long have you had your washing machine?
welcome v /"welk@m/ uvítat, přivítat Matt
welcomed us with a big smile.
well-known adj /wel "n@Un/ známý, dobře
známý, slavný He is a well-known singer.
winter n /"wInt@/ zima This winter is much
colder than last winter.
working conditions n /wO;kIN k@n"dISnz/
pracovní podmínky The working conditions in
some countries are very bad.
working hours n /wO;kIN "aU@z/ pracovní
doba Your working hours will be 9-5.
worldwide adj /wO;ld"waId/ na celém světě
The company employs 1,000 people worldwide.
Unit 3
achievement n /@"tSi;vm@nt/ úspěch,
úspěšný čin, dosažení It was a remarkable
achievement.
adventurous adj /@d"ventS@r@s/ dobrodružný
There is plenty to do for the more adventurous
tourists.
aeroplane n /"e@r@pleIn/ letadlo I have
never seen such an enormous aeroplane.
again adv /@"gen/ znovu, zase, opět Could
you say it again, please?
airline n /"e@laIn/ aerolinie, letecká
společnost It is a very famous airline.
alone adj /"@l@Un/ sám, samotný I don’t like
going out alone at night.
amazing adj /@"meIzIN/ úžasný, ohromující
It was the most amazing film I have ever seen.
amount n /@"maUnt/ množství You will
receive a bill for the full amount.
amphitheatre n /"&mfiTI@t@/ amfiteátr The
amphitheatre has a view over the sea.
archaeologist n /A;ki"Ql@dZIst/ archeolog/
archeoložka As an archaeologist he travels the
world.
archaeology n /A;ki"Ql@dZi/ archeologie
She is a professor of archaeology at Oxford
University.
arena n /@"ri;n@/ aréna The concert arena
was full.
at sea idiom /&t "si;, @t "si;/ na moři, na
lodi He is at sea for 6 months of the year.
attack n /@"t&k/ záchvat, náhlá nemoc/
nevolnost Brazil began to attack in the second
half of the match.
attraction n /@"tr&kSn/ zajímavost, atrakce;
např. turistická atrakce London has many
tourist attractions.
average adj /"&vrIdZ/ průměrný The
average age of the students is 21.
band n /b&nd/ hudební skupina I have
never heard of this band.
be born v /bi; "bO;n/ narodit se I was born
in Cardiff.
bill n /bIl/ účet, stvrzenka, potvrzení dlužné
částky Excuse me. Could we have the bill, please?
biome n /"baI@Um/ biom There are two
basic aquatic biomes, freshwater and marine.
boarding school n /"bO;dIN sku;l/
internátní škola He went to one of the most
famous boarding schools in the UK.
book n /bUk/ zamluvit, rezervovat He
booked a table at the restaurant for 8.00 p.m.
breathe v /bri;D/ dýchat I can’t breathe
very well in this.
building n /"bIldIN/ budova, stavba It is a
very old building.
business affairs n /"bIzn@s @fe@z/ obchodní
záležitosti Mr Evans is currently organizing
his business affairs before he goes away.
cards n /kA;ds/ karty, např. hrací
karty Let’s play cards!
carefully adv /"ke@f@li/ opatrně, pečlivě,
pozorně She opened the present carefully.
carry on v /k&ri "Qn/ pokračovat Don’t stop!
Carry on!
celebrate v /"selIbreIt/ slavit, oslavit,
oslavovat How do you celebrate Christmas in
your country?
challenge n /"tS&lIndZ/ výzva The new job
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will be a considerable challenge.
challenging adj /"tS&lIndZIN/ náročný,
představující výzvu Teaching is a challenging
but rewarding career.
charity n /"tS&r@ti/ charita She works for a
charity.
chart n /tSA;t/ graf, schéma Please look at
this chart.
chess n /tSes/ šachy Do you know how to
play chess?
childhood n /"tSaIldhUd/ dětství I had a
wonderful childhood.
choice n /tSOIs/ výběr, volba You have a
choice. Which one would you like?
cinema n /"sIn@mA;/ kino I’ll meet you
outside the cinema at 7pm.
climate n /"klaIm@t/ podnebí, klima The
climate in India is very humid.
commission n /k@"mISn/ poplatek, provize
The commission on that money is about 2%.
company n /"kVmp@ni/ společnost, dělat
někomu společnost I enjoy her company.
complain v /k@m"pleIn/ stěžovat si If you
are not happy, you should complain.
computer game n /k@m"pju;t@ geIm/
počítačová hra Some of the computer games
that are available are too violent.
concert n /"kQns@t/ koncert There is a
concert at the church tonight.
conditions n /k@n"dISnz/ podmínky
Conditions are ideal for skiing.
construction n /k@n"strVkSn/ stavba,
výstavba, proces stavby; např. budovy The
construction industry is doing well at the moment.
continue v /k@n"tInju;/ pokračovat The bad
weather will continue for a few more days.
cost v /kQst/ stát (o ceně), mít cenu How
much does it cost?
create v /kri"eIt/ tvořit, vytvořit The
government plans to create more jobs.
cycling n /"saIklIN/ cyklistika He tries to go
cycling at least once a week.
damage v /"d&mIdZ/ poškodit Be careful
not to damage the car!
dangerous adj /"deIndZ@r@s/ nebezpečný
Drugs are dangerous.
dark n /dA;k/ tma, temno I’m afraid of the dark.
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delay n /dI"leI/ zpoždění The delay lasted for
2 hours.
depend v /dI"pend/ záležet, záviset na čem
He is the sort of person you can always depend on.
desert n /"dez@t/ poušť This area of the
country is mostly desert.
difference n /"dIfr@ns/ rozdíl, odlišnost The
difference between them is that Clare works
harder.
difficult adj /"dIfIk@lt/ obtížný, těžký,
složitý It was a very difficult decision.
directions n /daI"rekS@nz/ pokyny; pokyny,
kam jít (udávající směr) Could you give me
directions to the nearest petrol station?
disabled adj /dIs"eIb@ld/ invalidní Does the
theatre have facilities for disabled people?
discover v /dIs"kVv@/ objevit At the end of
the book, you discover who killed him.
during prep /"dZU@rIN/ během They were
very popular during the 1990s.
early adj /"3;li/ brzy The early morning is
when I work best.
earn v /3;n/ vydělávat, vydělat Do you
know how much lawyers earn?
electric adj /I"lektrIk/ elektrický People
may start to use electric cars.
excellent adj /"eks@l@nt/ vynikající, skvělý
He’s an excellent piano player.
excited adj /Ik"saItId/ vzrušený, rozrušený
Emma was so excited that she couldn’t sleep.
exercise n /"eks@saIz/ cvičení, tělesná aktivita
Most people need to do more weekly exercise.
experience n /Ik"spI@rI@ns/ zážitek, zkušenost;
událost, která nás nějak ovlivňuje Mike had a bad
experience while on holiday.
experience n /Ik"spI@rI@ns/ zkušenost,
zkušenosti; proces získávání vědomostí/
dovedností The new manager has a lot of
experience.
fear n /fI@/ strach, obava I have a fear of
flying.
feeling n /"fi;lIN/ pocit, cit He finds it
difficult to show his feelings.
flight n /flaIt/ let It was a very quick flight.
football n /"fUtbO;l/ fotbal Football is an
international sport.
fortunately adv /"fO;tj@n@tli/ bohudík,
naštěstí Fortunately, the car wasn’t badly
damaged in the accident.
frightening adj /"fraItnIN/ hrozivý, hrůzu
nahánějící It’s a very frightening film.
fuel n /fjU@l/ palivo, pohonná látka Domestic
fuel bills have gone up again this year.
get to know v /get t@ "n@U/ poznat, dozvědět
se It took me a long time to get to know him as
well as I do now.
giant adj /"dZaI@nt/ velký, obrovský, velký
Leaving home was a giant step.
glad adj /gl&d/ rád, potěšený I’m glad to
hear you’re feeling better.
go it alone idiom /g@u It @"l@Un/ udělat
něco He decided to go it alone and start his
own business.
grant n /grA;nt/ grant, peněžní příspěvek
He has been given a grant by the government.
grapevine n /"greIpvaIn/ vinná réva The
terrace was covered in grapevines.
greenhouse n /"gri;nhaUs/ skleník
Tomatoes grow much better in a greenhouse.
ground n /graUnd/ země, půda, pevný povrch
země The ground was frozen this morning.
grove n /gr@Uv/ lesík, hájek She had a
small olive grove on her land.
grow up v /gr@U "Vp/ růst, vyrůst Children
grow up too quickly these days.
hate v /heIt/ nenávidět, nesnášet I hate
poetry – it’s so boring!
heroine n /"her@UIn/ hrdinka The heroine is
played by a famous actress.
hit n /hIt/ hit, něco populárního The new
product was a hit with children.
hobby n /"hQbi/ hobby, koníček I need to
find a new hobby.
hole n /h@Ul/ díra, otvor There is a hole in
your jumper.
host n /h@Ust/ hostitel Let me introduce you
to our host, Mr Cribb.
huge adj /"hju;dZ/ obrovský, ohromný He
is a huge star.
human n /hju;m@n/ člověk Dogs can hear
much better than humans.
humid adj /"hju;mId/ vlhký It’s very humid
today.
hurricane n /"hVrIkeIn/ hurikán How many
people have been killed by the hurricane?
impression n /Im"preSn/ dojem, pocit z
čeho My first impression was very positive.
in general idiom /In "dZenr@l/ obecně,
všeobecně In general, Japanese cars are very
reliable.
in tears idiom /In "tI@z/ v slzách,
plakat The ending of the film had me in tears.
incredible adj /In"kredIbl/ neuvěřitelný,
úžasný She is an incredible person.
instead adv /In"sted/ místo, namísto
čeho She was ill so I went instead.
interested adj /"IntrestId/ mající zájem
Martin is very interested in art.
January n /"dZ&njU@ri/ leden January is the
first month of the year.
jogging n /"dZQgIN/ jogging I go jogging
every morning.
judo n /"dZu;d@U/ džudo Bill has taken up judo.
kilometre n /"kIl@mi;t@, kI"lQmIt@/ kilometr
How many kilometres is it to London from here?
later on adv /leIt@ "Qn/ později I saw him
again later on.
leave v /li;v/ odejít, odjet We left the party
at midnight.
lemon n /"lem@n/ citrón Have you tried
lemon and hot water in the morning?
light n /laIt/ světlo, zdroj světla, např.
lampa Can you switch off the light, please?
loneliness n /"l@Unli;n@s/ osamělost That
was a period of loneliness in his life.
love v /lVv/ milovat, mít rád I love chocolate.
March n /mA;tS/ březen The weather
usually starts to get warmer in March.
May n /meI/ květen We normally go on
holiday in May.
medicine n /"meds@n/ lék What medicine
are you taking for this?
Mediterranean n /medIt@"reInI@n/ Středozemní
moře, Středozemí Cyprus is an island in the
Mediterranean.
merchant n /"m3;tS@nt/ obchodník/
obchodnice Venice was once a city of rich
merchants.
millennium n /mI"lenI@m/ tisíciletí,
milénium How did you celebrate the millennium?
moment n /"m@Um@nt/ okamžik,
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moment Can you wait a moment, please? Which sports do you play? had run out of money. can I help you?
music n /"mju;zIk/ hudba The music they politics n /"pQl@tIks/ politika Politics must row v /r@U/ veslovat, pohánět loď pomocí take turns idiom /teIk "t3;nz/ střídat se The
played in the church was beautiful. be an interesting subject to study. vesel Have you ever rowed a boat? rules of the game say that we have to take turns at
musical adj /"mju;zIkl/ hudební She is a profession n /pr@"feSn/ povolání, rower n /"r@U@/ veslař/veslařka He became throwing the dice.
very musical person. profese She was at the top of her profession. a rower while he was at university. tanker n /"t&Nk@/ tanker, cisternová
musical instrument n /mju;zIkl "Instr@m@nt/ programme n /"pr@Ugr&m/ program, plán run out v /rVn "aUt/ spotřebovat, loď The oil tanker arrived at the port safely.
hudební nástroj Can you play any musical akcí We have a busy programme for you. vypotřebovat I’m sorry, we’ve run out of milk. temperate adj /"tempr@t/ mírný A
instruments? progress n /"pr@Ugres/ postup, pokrok, safety n /"seIfti/ bezpečnost The police are temperate climate has four seasons.
musician n /mju;"zISn/ hudebník/hudebnice vývoj She is making great progress. concerned for the safety of the boy. terrible adj /"ter@bl/ hrozný, příšerný
He is a very talented musician. proper adj /"prQp@/ pořádný, řádný, satellite phone n /s&t@laIt "f@un/ satelitní Something terrible has just happened!
navigation light n /n&vI"geISn laIt/ náležitý; takový, jak má být, např. ‘pořádné telefon We were able to keep in touch by the following idiom /D@ "fQl@UIN/ následující
polohové světlo určující polohu lodi nebo jídlo’ We should have a proper discussion satellite phone. We arrived the following day.
letadla The navigation lights helped the ship before we make our decision. section n /"sekSn/ sekce, oddělení This theatrical adj /Ti;"&trIkl/ divadelní,
reach the port safely. pub n /pVb/ hospoda Where’s the nearest pub? section of the museum is closed to visitors. teatrální He can sometimes be very theatrical.
newspaper n /"nju;speIp@/ noviny Which purpose n /"p3;p@s/ účel, cíl The purpose of shark n /SA;k/ žralok The shark bit the thousand n /"TaUZ@nd/ tisíc The ring cost a
newspapers do you read? this meeting is to decide what we should do. man’s leg off. thousand euros.
night n /naIt/ noc These animals only come race n /reIs/ závod; soutěž, kdo je sharp adj /SA;p/ ostrý My pencil isn’t sharp thunderstorm n /"TVnd@stO;m/ bouře,
out at night. rychlejší He won the race easily. enough. hromobití The picnic was cancelled due to the
nightclub n /"naItklVb/ noční klub The radio n /"reIdI@U/ rádio Can you turn the ship n /SIp/ loď The goods come by ship. thunderstorm.
nightclub opens at 10.00 p.m. radio up? similarity n /SImI"l&r@ti/ podobnost, tired adj /"taI@d/ unavený She was so tired
November n /n@U"vemb@/ listopad I like rainforest n /"reInfQrIst/ deštný les The podoba There are some similarities between them. that she went to bed at 9.00 p.m.
November as it is almost Christmas. rainforest must be protected. solo adj /"s@Ul@U/ sólový, samostatný, tooth n /tu;T/ zub She has lost one of her
ocean n /"@USn/ oceán Which is the largest raise v /reIz/ vybírat, vybrat peníze How vykonaný jednotlivcem He made a solo front teeth.
ocean? much money did the charity concert raise? attempt to cross the Atlantic. topic n /"tQpIk/ téma What’s the topic of
Oceania n /@USi"A;nI@/ Oceánie Oceania is reality n /ri"&l@ti/ realita, skutečnost The squash n /skwQS/ squash Squash is a very today’s discussion?
a geographical region. reality is that there is not enough money. hard game. torch n /tO;tS/ baterka, kapesní svítilna
October n /Qk"t@Ub@/ říjen October is the reason n /"ri;zn/ důvod I’d like to know the storm n /stO;m/ bouře, bouřka The storm Luckily, they had a torch in the car.
tenth month of the year. reason why you’re so late. left as quickly as it arrived. traffic n /"tr&fIk/ provoz, dopravní ruch
oil n /OIl/ nafta, olej Olive oil is much healthier recent adj /ri;snt/ nedávný, poslední There study v /"stVdi/ studovat You have to study The traffic in London is getting worse.
for you. have been many changes in recent years. hard if you want to be a doctor. train v /treIn/ trénovat, cvičit You have to
olive n /"QlIv/ oliva I love olives on my pizza. reception n /rI"sepSn/ recepce; místo v subject n /"sVbdZekt/ předmět ve škole apod. train very hard if you want to be an athlete.
opening n /"@Up@nIN/ otevření, zahájení, hotelu/kancelářské budově, kde se vítají How many subjects do you study at high school in transport v /"tr&nspO;t/ doprava, přeprava
slavnostní otevření; např. nové budovy The klienti Where is the reception? your country? Most of our luggage was transported by sea.
Prime Minister is doing the opening of the new receptionist n /rI"sepSnIst/ recepční She is success n /s@k"ses/ úspěch His success was trip n /trIp/ výlet, cesta The trip to France
hospital. working as a receptionist in the new hotel. due to his hard work. was a success.
orange n /"QrIndZ/ pomeranč Oranges are remember v /rI"memb@/ pamatovat si, sudden adj /"sVd@n/ náhlý Her sudden tropic n /"trQpIk/ obratník The tropics are
one of Spain’s biggest exports. vzpomínat si Remember to post this letter! disappearance was unexpected. the hottest part of the world.
packaged adj /"p&kIdZd/ zabalený, v obalu repair n /rI"pe@/ oprava The school building suggestion n /s@"dZestZ@n/ návrh Have you tropical adj /"trQpIkl/ tropický A tropical
Nowadays, our food is too packaged. is badly in need of repair. got any suggestions? climate is usually warm and moist all year round.
panic n /"p&nIk/ panika, zděšení The alarm rest v /rest/ odpočívat She lay down on her supertanker n /"su;p@t&Nk@/ obří tanková Turkey n /"t3;ki/ Turecko Turkey is
caused panic. bed to rest. loď Oil is often transported by supertanker. considered to be part of Asia and Europe.
particular adj /p@"tIkj@l@/ konkrétní, jednotlivý right here idiom /raIt "hI@/ tady, zde, právě survive v /s@"vaIv/ přežít He had to eat turn over v /t3;n "@Uv@/ mít obrat The
If a particular food makes you ill, avoid it. tady Put it down right here! anything he could in order to survive. company turns over $3.5 million a year.
petrol n /"petr@l/ benzín I need some petrol. rock n /rQk/ rock (hudební žánr) Rock table tennis n /"teIbl tenIs/ stolní tenis The unhappiness n /Vn"h&pin@s/ neštěstí, smutek,
plant v /plA;nt/ zasadit, zasázet When music is too loud. Chinese are very good at table tennis. zármutek His unhappiness showed on his face.
should you plant these flowers? roofless adj /"ru;fl@s/ nezastřešený, take a seat idiom /teIk @ "si;t/ posadit se, university n /ju;nI"v3;sIti/ univerzita The
play v /pleI/ hrát, účastnit se sportovní hry otevřený The building was roofless as they sednout si Take a seat Mr Wallis. Now, how university is one of the best in the country.
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video n /"vIdi@U/ video They watched the video.
accommodation n /@kQm@"deISn/ ubytování break n /breIk/ pauza, přestávka How long ožít, probudit se k životu The film came to life
violent adj /"vaI@l@nt/ násilný, bouřlivý The accommodation was excellent. do we have for a break? towards the end.
Some TV programmes are too violent for young air-conditioning n /"e@ k@n"dISnIN/ klimatizace break v /breIk/ zlomit, rozbít; např. ‘rozbít computer/fax point n /k@m"pju;t@/ místo s
children to watch. The air-conditioning has broken down again. sklenici’ I’m terribly sorry, but I’ve broken počítačem/faxem We need to get a separate
vision n /"vIZn/ vize (v představách) He apologize v /@"pQl@dZaIz/ omluvit se one of your glasses! computer / fax point in the office.
had a vision of a world without war. I apologize for causing any problems. brewery n /"bru;@ri/ pivovar You can smell conclusion n /k@n"klu;Zn/ závěr After
volleyball n /"vQli;bO;l/ volejbal Volleyball apology n /@"pQl@dZi/ omluva I accept your the brewery. listening to him, I came to the conclusion that he
is a very popular beach sport. apology. bridge n /brIdZ/ most The bridge connects was telling the truth.
wake v /weIk/ vzbudit se, probudit se What architect n /"A;kItekt/ architekt/architektka the two sides of the river. conference facilities n /"kQnfr@ns f@sIl@ti;z/
time did you wake up this morning? The architect won an award. briefing n /"bri;fIN/ krátká porada Please konferenční vybavení The hotel has excellent
waterfall n /"wO;t@fO;l/ vodopád It is one of artist n /"A;tIst/ umělec/umělkyně He is a make sure that you can come to the briefing conference facilities.
the largest waterfalls in the world. well known artist. tomorrow morning. confirm v /k@n"f3;m/ potvrdit When will
wave n /weIv/ vlna vody We jumped over astronomical adj /&str@"nQmIkl/ astronomický brochure n /"br@US@/ leták, brožura We you be able to confirm your availability?
the waves. The scientists did some astronomical observations. ordered a holiday brochure. congratulations interj /k@ngr&tZu"leISnz/
weather n /"weD@/ počasí What wonderful attach v /@"t&tS/ připojit My payment is business centre n /"bIzn@s sent@/ obchodní gratuluji!, blahopřeji! Congratulations on
weather we’re having at the moment! attached to this letter. centrum They’ve built a new business centre. your new job!
weight training n /"weIt treInIN/ posilování attachment n /@"t&tSm@nt/ příloha, café n /"k&feI/ kavárna I’ll meet you in the café. connection n /k@"nekSn/ spojení,
dokument poslaný e-mailem I have included
Weight training can help to build up your muscles. car park n /"kA; pA;k/ parkoviště Do you elektronické spojení A faulty connection
wind n /wInd/ vítr The wind woke me up some photos as an attachment. know where the nearest car park is? stopped the computer from working.
last night. August n /"O;g@st/ srpen It’s my birthday in castle n /"kA;sl/ hrad, zámek The castle was consulate n /"kQnsjul@t/ konzulát Please
windsurfing n /"wInds3;fIN/ windsurfing August. completely restored. go to your country’s consulate if you have any
My brother loves windsurfing. away adv /@"weI/ pryč The station is a few cathedral n /k@"Ti;dr@l/ katedrála The problems.
winery n /"waIn@ri/ výrobna vína A winery minutes’ walk away. cathedral is in the centre of the city. consultation n /kQns@l"teISn/ konzultace,
is a place where wine is made. ballet n /"b&leI/ balet We’re going to see the century n /"sentZ@ri/ století The population porada I went to the hospital for a consultation.
without prep /wI"DaUt/ bez I don’t like ballet on Saturday. is expected to increase dramatically by the end copy n /"kQpi/ kopie, výtisk I will make you
coffee without sugar. baroque adj /b@"rQk/ barokní That style of of this century. a copy of the report.
wonder n /"wVnd@/ div, zázrak; věc/osoba, architecture could be described as baroque. check in v /tSek "In/ ubytovat se, zaregistrovat correspondence n /kQrI"spQnd@ns/
která vzbuzuje pocit údivu It is one of the bath n /bA;T/ vana, koupel I only have a se, zapsat se v hotelu po příjezdu Please make korespondence I have been in correspondence
wonders of the world. bath if I’m feeling ill. sure you check in two hours before departure. with him for months.
wonderful adj /"wVnd@f@l/ skvělý, báječný, beer n /bI@/ pivo Would you like another beer? check out v /tSek "aUt/ odhlásit se z hotelu credit card n /"kredIt kA;d/ kreditní karta
úžasný She is a wonderful cook. hall n /hO;l/ hala The hall was very big. při odjezdu You have to check out of your room Do you accept credit cards?
work of art n /wO;k @v "A;t/ umělecké dílo beginning n /bI"gInIN/ začátek Tell me the at 10.00 a.m. cross-cultural adj /"krQs kVltS@r@l/
His creation was a work of art. story from the beginning. church n /tS3;tS/ kostel We normally go to mezikulturní The university did some
worker n /"wO;k@/ pracovník/pracovnice, bell n /bel/ zvonek The bell rang for the wedding. church on Sunday morning. cross-cultural studies.
pracující The workers were unhappy with their best regards idiom /best rI"gA;dz/ s city-break n /"sIti; breIk/ krátká dovolená cultural awareness n /kVltS@r@l @"we@n@s/
conditions. pozdravem Give your brother my best regards ve městě We’re going on a city-break to Rome. kulturní povědomí, uvědomování si rozdílů
yacht n /jQt/ jachta Every year he sailed his when you see him. classical adj /"kl&sIkl/ klasický (architektura mezi kulturami In today’s world, cultural
yacht to France. best wishes idiom /best "wISIz/ s přáním apod.), vážný (o hudbě) He plays classical music. awareness is very important.
yoga n /"j@Ug@/ jóga Yoga is very good for všeho nejlepšího You can finish that letter with clear adj /klI@/ jasný, jednoduchý na pochopení culture n /kVltS@/ kultura, zvyky určité
relaxing. ‘Best wishes’. Your ideas are clear and easy to understand. skupiny There are many differences between
body language n /"bQdi l&NgwIdZ/ řeč clock tower n /"klQk taU@/ věž s hodinami the two cultures.
těla, gesta, pohyby atd. Her body language The clock tower was destroyed by the storm. culture shock n /"kVltS@ SQk/ kulturní šok
Unit 4
told me that she was cold. closely adv /"kl@Usli/ blízko, těsně, podrobně When I moved abroad, I suffered from culture
abbreviation n /@bri;vi"eISn/ zkratka I don’t booking n /"bUkIN/ objednání, rezervace I sat and watched everyone very closely. shock.
understand that abbreviation. The booking was made for 8.00 p.m. cocktail bar n /"kQkteIl bA;/ koktejlový delighted adj /dI"laItId/ potěšený, mající
accept v /@k"sept/ přijmout, přijímat I can’t brasserie n /"brA;s@ri/ francouzská bar We must go to that new cocktail bar. radost I’m delighted to meet you.
accept your offer. restaurace Have you been to the new brasserie? come to life idiom /kVm t@ laIf/ oživnout, demonstrate v /"dem@nstreIt/ demonstrovat
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You need to demonstrate that you are the right
person for the job.
dentist n /"dentIst/ zubař/zubařka I’ve got a
toothache! I must see the dentist.
destination n /destI"neISn/ cíl, místo určení
What’s the final destination of this train?
detailed adj /"di;teIld/ podrobný I’ll send
you more detailed information.
details n /"di;teIlz/ detaily, podrobnosti
I don’t know all the details at this moment.
dial v /daIl/ vytočit telefonní číslo What
code do you dial for the UK?
district n /"dIstrIkt/ oblast He lived in one of
the best districts in Paris.
disturb v /dIs"t3;b/ rušit, vyrušit Please do
not disturb!
double room n /dVbl "ru;m/ dvoulůžkový
pokoj s manželskou postelí We’d like a double
room, please.
duration n /djO;"reISn/ doba trvání, délka
You should wear a seat belt for the duration of
the flight.
elevator n /"elIveIt@/ výtah Take the
elevator to the top floor.
embassy n /"emb@si/ velvyslanectví,
ambasáda The embassy is open from 9-5.
enclose v /In"kl@UZ/ přiložit, dát něco do
obálky spolu s dopisem I have enclosed the
information you requested.
ending n /"endIN/ konec, zakončení The
ending was poor.
exit n /"eksIt/ východ, odchod The exit is
over there.
expensive adj /Ik"spensIv/ drahý I couldn’t
believe how expensive the restaurant was!
explain v /Ik"spleIn/ vysvětlovat, vysvětlit
Can you explain exactly what you mean?
explore v /Ik"splO;/ zkoumat, prozkoumat
We need to explore this matter further.
extensive adj /Ik"stensIv/ rozsáhlý The
police did an extensive search of the area.
facility n /f@"sIl@ti/ zařízení, vybavení,
poskytované služby The hotel has excellent
facilities for children.
famous adj /"feIm@s/ slavný He is a famous
football player.
fax n, v /f&ks/ fax; přenášet faxem I can’t
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find that fax. / Can you fax it to me, please?
figure n /"fIg@/ postava There was a bronze
figure of him.
file n /faIl/ počítačový soubor Oh no! I’ve
lost all my files!
find out v /faInd "aUt/ zjistit Can you find
out her email address, please?
fire n /"faI@/ oheň The fire destroyed the house.
fitness room n /"fItn@s ru;m/ posilovna
The fitness room was recently refitted.
fixed adj /fIkst/ dohodnutý, sjednaný, již
dohodnutý nebo rozhodnutý I’m sorry, but it’s
too late! The date has already been fixed.
following prep /"fQl@UIN/ po; následující
jako výsledek čeho Following your advice, I
went to see it for myself.
found v /faUnd/ založit, zřídit The school
was founded by Dr Skinner in 1892.
Friday n /"fraIdeI/ pátek Friday is my
favourite day of the week.
full-board n /fUl "bO;d/ plná penze,
ubytování s noclehem a všemi jídly Do you
require full-board?
fully adv /"fUli/ plně, úplně He is not fully
aware of the situation.
get back v /get "b&k/ vrátit se, získat zpět
Can you get back to me as soon as possible, please?
get in touch v /get In "tVtS/ navázat kontakt,
spojit se I’ll get in touch as soon as I can.
glass n /glA;s/ sklenice The glass broke in
her hands.
golden adj /"g@Uld@n/ zlatý She had golden
hair.
gothic adj /"gQTIk/ gotický I would
describe the building as gothic.
great adj /greIt/ skvělý, výborný That was
great!
ground floor n /graUnd "flO;/ přízemí She
lives on the ground floor.
hairdryer n /"he@draI@/ vysoušeč vlasů
Have you got a hairdryer I can borrow?
half-board n /hA;f "bO;d/ polopenze;
ubytování s noclehem, snídaní a jedním
hlavním jídlem You can just choose half-
board, if you prefer.
handout n /"h&ndaUt/ papír s podklady k
přednášce apod., informační materiál, leták s
informacemi We will distribute a handout at
the end of the presentation.
historical adj /hIs"tQrIkl/ historický You
need to understand the historical background
to the war.
identify v /aI"dentIfaI/ poznat, rozeznat,
identifikovat The passengers were asked to
identify their suitcases.
illuminate v /I"lu;mIneIt/ osvětlit, nasvítit,
posvítit na co The floodlights illuminated the
stadium.
in case of idiom /In keIs @v/ v případě, pro
případ pokud se něco stane In case of fire,
ring the alarm.
individually adv /IndI"vIdjU@li/ individuálně,
samostatně The manager spoke to them all
individually.
informal adj /In"fO;m@l/ neformální The
atmosphere was very informal.
in-house adj /In "haUs/ domácí, podnikový
She writes for the in-house magazine.
intention n /In"tenSn/ úmysl, záměr My
intention was to go to university.
intercultural adj /Int@"kVltS@r@l/ mezikulturní
She had an intercultural marriage.
invitation n /InvI"teISn/ pozvání, pozvánka
The birthday invitations were sent out two
weeks before the party.
jazz n /dZ&z/ jazz I prefer jazz to classical
journal n /"dZ3;n@l/ odborný časopis I get
that journal monthly.
keycard n /"ki;kA;d/ karta elektronického
uzamykacího systému Most hotels use
keycards nowadays.
landmark n /"l&ndmA;k/ pamětihodnost
The Empire State Building is a familiar
landmark in New York.
lane n /leIn/ ulička, úzká ulice We live at
the end of the lane.
letter n /"let@/ dopis When was the last time
that you wrote a letter?
lift n /lIft/ výtah The lift is out of order at the
moment.
local n /"l@Ukl/ místní člověk/občan/osoba žijící
v určitém místě The locals are very friendly.
lounge n /laUndZ/ hala, společenská
místnost We’ve just had our lounge redecorated.
luggage n /"lVgIdZ/ zavazadla How many
pieces of luggage do you have?
market n /"mA;kIt/ trh, např. ‘světový trh’
The market has been slow recently.
mechanical adj /m@"k&nIkl/ strojní,
mechanický The plane is unable to take off
due to a mechanical fault.
minibar n /"mIni;bA;/ minibar Would you
like a drink from the minibar?
mistake n /mI"steIk/ chyba You have made
two spelling mistakes in that document.
mobile phone n /m@UbaIl "f@Un/ mobilní
telefon What’s your mobile phone number?
monastery n /"mQn@stri/ klášter We visited
the monastery at the top of the mountain.
Monday n /"mVndeI/ pondělí The traffic is
always worse on Monday.
multi-line phone n /mVltilaIn "f@Un/ telefon
s více linkami If you work from home it is
often better to have a multi-line phone system.
near future idiom /nI@ "fju;tS@/ blízká
budoucnost I hope to see you again in the near
future.
news n /nju;z/ zprávy, pravidelně vysílané
zpravodajství The news reported that 11
people had died in the fighting.
nightlife n /naItlaIf/ noční život The
nightlife in London is fantastic.
noon n /nu;n/ poledne We should be there
by noon.
notice n /"n@UtIs/ oznámení, zpráva The
notice says that everyone needs to wear a helmet.
observation tower n /Qbz@"veISn taU@/
vyhlídková věž, pozorovatelna You could see a
long way from the top of the observation tower.
on prep /Qn/ u, při, přilehlý; např. ‘terasy u
řeky’ He lived in a small house on the river.
on foot idiom /Qn "fUt/ pěšky It’s only
about 30 minutes on foot.
online adj /"QnlaIn/ online How often do
you do online shopping?
opera n /"Qpr@/ opera I have never seen an
opera.
outside line n /aUtsaId "laIn/ přímá linka
pro volání mimo budovu How do you get an
outside line?
palace n /"p&lIs/ palác The palace was the
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most magnificent building I had ever seen. žádat, prosit, poprosit Can I make a request? / sign v /saIn/ podepsat Can you sign here, please? naneštěstí Unfortunately, he didn’t pass his test.
participant n /pA;"tIsIp@nt/ účastník/ We request that you do not smoke. single room n /sINgl "ru;m/ jednolůžkový vacate v /veI"keIt/ uvolnit, opustit,
účastnice She was an excellent participant. requirement n /rI"kwaI@m@nt/ požadavek pokoj Do you have a single room for two nights? vyklidit We need to vacate the room by midday.
partner n /"pA;tn@/ společník/společnice, It is a requirement of the restaurant that you speciality n /speSi"&l@ti/ specialita, valuable n /"v&lU@bl/ hodnotný, cenný; např.
partner/ partnerka, obchodní partner We’ve got wear a tie. výrobek/pokrm typický pro dané místo It is a šperky You should put any valuables in the safe.
a new partner. reservation n /rez@"veISn/ rezervace Can speciality of the region. view n /vju;/ výhled The view from the
PC n /pi; "si;/ PC, osobní počítač What type you make the reservation for 7.00 p.m.? spire n /"spaI@/ špička kostelní věže The hotel was magnificent.
of PC have you got? reserve v /rI"z3;v/ rezervovat, zamluvit I’d spire is one of the highest in the country. vital adj /"vaItl/ nezbytný, důležitý It is
personnel manager n /p3;s@"nel m&nIdZ@/ like to reserve two tickets. sports centre n /"spO;ts sent@/ sportovní vital that you contact her as soon as possible.
vedoucí osobního oddělení, personalista/ role-play v /"r@UlpleI/ hrát roli, např. osoby centrum They are building a new sports centre wake-up call n /"weIk Vp kO;l/ buzení
personalistka She has just become a personnel v dialogu Role-play allows students to practise outside the village. telefonem We’d like a wake-up call for 6.00
manager. language. stay n /steI/ pobyt They enjoyed their stay. a.m., please.
photocopy n, v /"f@Ut@UkQpi/ fotokopie; romantic adj /r@U"m&ntIk/ romantický It suggest v /s@"dZest/ navrhnout What would walking tour n /"wO;kIN tO;/ pěší
udělat fotokopii, okopírovat Here is that is a very romantic film. you suggest? procházení památek There are many different
photocopy you asked for. / Can you photocopy room service n /"ru;m s3;vIs/ pokojová summary n /"sVm@ri/ shrnutí, přehled He walking tours of London that you can do.
this for me, please? služba Let’s order something to eat from room gave an excellent summary at the end of his talk. wide adj /waId/ široký There is a wide
play n /pleI/ hra, divadelní hra, drama Have service. Sunday n /"sVndeI/ neděle Many shops are variety of trips available when you get there.
you seen his latest play? safe n /seIf/ sejf We should put our open on a Sunday. wine cellar n /"waIn sel@/ vinný sklep,
play v /pleI/ hrát Do you know how to play passports in the hotel safe. superb adj /su;"p3;b/ skvělý, vynikající sklípek He has a very large wine cellar.
badminton? sales figures n /"seIlz fIg@z/ prodejní She is a superb singer. winner n /"wIn@/ vítěz/vítězka, výherce/
pleasure n /"pleZ@/ potěšení, radost She obrat The sales figures are up on last year. swimming pool n /"swImIN pU@l/ bazén výherkyně She was the winner by 5 minutes.
took pleasure in telling them the good news. satellite TV n /s&t@laIt ti;"vi;/ satelitní TV The gym has a wonderful swimming pool. yours faithfully idiom /jO;z "feITf@li/ s
political adj /p@"lItIkl/ politický I think that You get much clearer pictures with satellite TV. symbol n /sImbl/ symbol It is a symbol of peace. úctou (pozdrav na závěr v dopise) If you start
there is a political agenda behind all this. Saturday n /"s&t@deI/ sobota I’m going to take up v /teIk "Vp/ zabývat se čím, věnovat a letter with ‘Dear Sir’, you should end it with
porter n /"pO;t@/ vrátný/vrátná, portýr The wake up very late on Saturday. se čemu, učit se nebo věnovat se nějaké ‘Yours faithfully’.
porter carried their bags to their room. sauna n /"sO;n@/ sauna A sauna is very good činnosti I would like to take up sailing. yours sincerely idiom /jO;z sInsI@li/ se
practical adj /"pr&ktIkl/ praktický, účelný for your body. terrace n /"terIs/ terasa The terrace srdečným pozdravem (pozdrav na závěr v
He gained valuable practical experience. second floor n /sek@nd "flO;/ druhé patro GB, overlooks the gardens. dopise) If you start a letter with ‘Dear Mr
press v /pres/ stisknout, stlačit You press první patro US His flat is on the second floor. town hall n /taUn "hO;l/ radnice The town Hale’, you can end it with ‘Yours sincerely’.
the button to switch it on. secretary n /"sekr@tri/ tajemník/sekretářka hall is opposite the library. yours idiom /jO;z/ Váš, Vaše, Tvůj, Tvá ...
provide v /pr@"vaId/ poskytnout, Her secretary speaks four languages. traditional adj /tr@"dISn@l/ tradiční He is (na závěr v dopise) You can finish an informal
poskytovat Can you provide any references? self-access adj /self "&kses/ samoobslužný, quite a traditional person. letter with ‘Yours’.
quarter n /kwO;t@/ čtvrť, část města The se samostatným přístupem; např. knihovna training materials n /"treInIN m@tI@rI@lz/
church is in the old quarter. Self-access allows students to work at their own školicí materiály The training materials for Unit 5
receipt n /rI"si;t/ stvrzenka, potvrzení Have speed. the course were excellent.
you still got the receipt? seminar n /"semInA;/ seminář Did you go to training n /"treInIN/ školení Few people advertisement n /&d"v3;tIsm@nt,
refreshments n /rI"freSm@nts/ občerstvení, Dr Hawari’s seminar? have received any training. &dv@"taIzm@Nt/ reklama The new advertisement
malé jídlo a nápoj Refreshments will be September n /sep"temb@/ září We’re going try v /traI/ zkoušet, pokoušet se, zkusit You will sell lots of products.
available during the break. away for two weeks in September. should try it. advice n /@d"vaIs/ rada Please listen to her advice.
registration n /redZI"streISn/ registrace session n /"seSn/ zasedání, konference The twin room n /twIn "ru;m/ dvoulůžkový alcohol n /"&lk@hQl/ alkohol They don’t sell
Registration will start at 9.00 a.m. session lasted one hour. pokoj s oddělenými postelemi I’d like a twin alcohol.
renaissance n /rI"neIsQns/ renesance The show v /S@U/ ukázat Come into my office room, if possible. apple n /&pl/ jablko The apple was very
British film industry is enjoying a renaissance and I’ll show you. twin-bedded room n /twin bedId "ru;m/ good and looked delicious.
at the moment. shower n /SaU@/ sprcha Your shower is very dvoulůžkový pokoj s oddělenými postelemi aspirin n /"&sprIn/ aspirin Have you got any
republic n /rI"pVblIk/ republika A republic powerful. Do you have any twin-bedded rooms? aspirin?
doesn’t have a King or Queen. sign n /saIn/ znak, značka, symbol unfortunately adv /Vn"fO;tS@n@tli/ bohužel, attract v /@"tr&kt/ přitahovat, lákat What
request n, v /rI"kwest/ žádost, prosba; Someone has taken down the sign. attracted you to him?

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aubergine n /"@Ub@Zi;n/ lilek, baklažán
I always put aubergines in the oven.
ban v /b&n/ zakázat There was a ban on all
liquids.
beef n /bi;f/ hovězí maso I’m cooking beef
with vegetables tonight.
benefit n /"ben@fIt/ výhoda, přínos, užitek
There were more benefits than disadvantages.
birthday n /"b3;TdeI/ narozeniny When’s
Heather’s birthday?
boiled adj /bOIld/ dušený, vařený, uvařený
She boiled the vegetables.
breath n /breT/ nádech, nadechnutí The water
was so cold she could only take small breaths.
butter n /"bVt@/ máslo You should add some
more butter.
cabbage n /"k&bIdZ/ kapusta I hate the
smell of cabbage.
caffeine n /"k&fi;n/ kofein Too much
caffeine is bad for you.
car alarm n /"kA;r @lA;m/ autoalarm The
car alarm went off during the night.
celebration n /sel@"breISn/ oslava The
celebrations started at midnight with fireworks.
champagne n /S&m"peIn/ šampaňské
Would anyone like a glass of champagne?
character n /"k&r@kt@/ charakter, vlastnosti
His character makes him unsuitable for the job.
cheese n /tSi;z/ sýr I’ll have a cheese
sandwich, please.
cherry n /"tSeri/ třešeň The liqueur is made
from cherries.
chicken breast n /"tSIkIn/ kuřecí prsa You
need chicken breasts to make this dish.
chocolate n /"tSQkl@t/ čokoláda I eat
chocolate every day.
cider n /"saId@/ jablečný mošt, jablečné
víno Cider is made from apples.
citizen n /"sItIz@n/ občan/občanka He is
Italian by birth but now an American citizen.
cognac n /"kQnj&k/ koňak Put some cognac
into the cake.
completely adv /k@m"pli;tli/ naprosto, úplně I
completely forgot that we had an appointment.
courgette n /kO;"Zet/ cuketa Courgette is
really a summer vegetable.
crisis n /"kraIsIs/ krize The crisis was
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avoided by some quick thinking.
cucumber n /"kju;kVmb@/ okurka I like
cucumber in salad.
cutlet n /"kVtl@t/ kotleta A cutlet is a thick
slice of lamb or pork.
cycle path n /"saIkl pA;T/ cyklistická stezka
Use the cycle path not the road.
delicious adj /dI"lIS@s/ lahodný, velice chutný
That was delicious!
dessert n /dI"z3;t/ zákusek, dezert She is
fantastic at making desserts.
diet n /"daI@t/ strava I can’t eat that, I’m on
a diet.
dinner n /"dIn@/ hlavní jídlo, večeře nebo
oběd Dinner will be at 8.00 p.m.
disappear v /dIs@"pI@/ zmizet, ztratit se She
just disappeared.
dish n /dIS/ jídlo, pokrm, chod, připravené
jídlo The dish is best served with some green
vegetables.
duck n /dVk/ kachna They went to the park
to feed the ducks.
economic adj /ek@"nQmIk/ ekonomický
The minister explained the government’s new
economic policy.
else adv /els/ jiný, např. ‘něco jiného’
Would you like anything else to drink?
energy n /"en@dZi;/ energie Where does she
get her energy from?
excuse n /Ik"skju;s/ omluva, výmluva I’m
sorry, but that is not a very good excuse.
fast food n /fA;st "fu;d/ rychlé občerstvení
There are too many fast food places now.
favourite adj /"feIvr@t/ oblíbený What’s
your favourite dish?
festival n /"festIv@l/ festival The festival
takes place in February.
founder n /"faUnd@/ zakladatel There is a
statue of the founder outside the building.
fresh adj /freS/ čerstvý That shop has the
best fresh vegetables.
fried adj /fraId/ smažený Some fried food
can be too greasy.
frozen adj /"fr@Uzn/ mražený, zmrzlý
I need some frozen peas.
fruit n /fru;t/ ovoce You should eat five
pieces of fruit every day.
fun n /fVn/ zábava, legrace We had a lot of
fun at the party.
good for you idiom /"gUd f@ ju;/ dobrý pro
tebe/vás, prospěšný Fruit and vegetables are
good for you.
grape n /greIp/ hroznové víno You need
good grapes to make good wine.
grilled adj /grIld/ grilovaný Try grilling the
fish.
guide n /gaId/ příručka, průvodce, knížka
obsahující informace I couldn’t really hear
what the guide was saying.
headache n /"hedeIk/ bolest hlavy I’m sorry,
I can’t come. I’ve got a terrible headache.
health n /helT/ zdraví Your health is very
important.
healthy adj /"helTi/ zdravý Eating well will
keep you healthy.
heart n /hA;t/ srdce He had a problem with
his heart.
horrified adj /"hQrIfaId/ zděšený The whole
country was horrified by the killings.
hostess n /h@U"stes/ hostitelka,
společnice Mary was always a perfect hostess.
housework n /"haUsw3;k/ domácí práce
I try to do all my housework on a Monday.
human being n /hju;m@n "biIN/ člověk, lidská
bytost That is no way to treat another human being.
inexpensive adj /InIk"spensIv/ levný, nijak
drahý The weekend was actually inexpensive.
ingredient n /In"gri;dI@nt/ ingredience,
přísada The recipe needed too many
ingredients that I didn’t have.
inhabitant n /In"h&bIt@nt/ obyvatel/obyvatelka
He is the oldest inhabitant in the village.
introduce v /Intr@"dju;s/ zavést co kam;
uvést něco v platnost, do užívání The company
is going to introduce the new policy next year.
invasion n /In"veIZn/ invaze, vpád There is
the possibility of another invasion.
just adv /dZVst/ právě, zrovna, pouze I got
here just after nine o’clock.
keep v /ki;p/ držet, udržet, zachovat,
dodržovat The things they found had been kept
in excellent condition.
lamb n /l&m/ jehněčí maso The best lamb
comes from Wales.
likely adj /"laIkli/ pravděpodobný Tickets
are likely to be expensive.
lose v /lu;z/ ztratit, např. ‘ztratit na váze’
How much weight do you need to lose?
lovely adj /"lVvli/ krásný, rozkošný,
půvabný Thank you for a lovely evening!
lunch n /lVntS/ oběd What time do you
normally have lunch?
main course n /"meIn kO;s/ hlavní chod
jídla I’ll just have a main course.
make sure v /meIk "SU@, meIk "SO;/ ujistit se
Make sure your seat-belt is fastened.
maximum n /"m&ksIm@m/ maximum
There was a maximum of thirty allowed in the room.
member n /"memb@/ člen/členka, např.
klubu We had five new members this week.
menu n /"menju;/ jídelní lístek Could I see
the menu, please?
method n /"meT@d/ metoda, způsob This is
a reliable method for getting results.
microwave n /"maIkr@weIv/ mikrovlnná
trouba A microwave can heat food very quickly.
movement n /"mu;vm@nt/ hnutí, skupina
osob se společnými cíli The women’s movement
changed many things for women today.
neon-lit adj /"ni;Qn lIt/ neonový, osvětlený
neony The whole area was neon-lit.
new potatoes n /nju; p@"teIt@Uz/ nové
brambory New potatoes are delicious with just
some butter and salt.
onion n /"Vnj@n/ cibule Slice the onions very
thinly.
order v /"O;d@/ objednat si Are you ready to
order?
organic adj /O;"g&nIk/ bio, bez chemického
hnojení (o potravinách) Organic food is more
expensive than normal food.
outlet n /"aUtl@t/ prodejna, odbytiště; místo,
kde se prodává zboží určité společnosti The
company has 34 retail outlets for its products.
pace n /peIs/ tempo, rychlost The pace was
too quick for me.
painkiller n /"peInkIl@/ analgetikum, lék
proti bolesti Take this painkiller. It will help.
park n /pA;k/ park They lived across the
road from the park.
paté n /"p&teI/ paštika Probably the most
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famous pâté is foie gras.
peach n /pi;tS/ broskev Peaches have furry
skins.
pear n /pe@/ hruška We have a pear tree in
our garden.
pepper n /"pep@/ paprika, zelenina; např.
‘červená paprika’ I’m allergic to peppers.
philosophy n /fI"lQs@fi;/ filozofie, přesvědčení
She believes very strongly in her philosophy of
life.
physical adj /"fIZIkl/ tělesný, fyzický You
should do some physical exercise three times a
week.
pleased adj /pli;zd/ potěšený, mající
radost I’m very pleased for you.
pork n /pO;k/ vepřové maso Muslims don’t
eat pork.
prawn n /prO;n/ garnát Prawns only turn
pink when they are cooked.
promise v /"prQmIs/ slíbit I promise not to
do it again.
promote v /pr@"m@Ut/ podporovat,
propagovat, povzbuzovat The government
needs to promote this environmental awareness.
protect v /pr@"tekt/ chránit, ochraňovat
These animals must be protected.
protest n /"pr@Utest/ protest, nesouhlas The
protest was not violent.
psychologist n /saI"kQl@dZIst/ psycholog/
psycholožka He is a very important psychologist.
publish v /"pVblIS/ vydat, publikovat My
new book has just been published.
quality n /"kwQlIti/ kvalita The quality of
the goods was poor.
quality of life idiom /kwQlIti @v "laIf/ kvalita
života People move to Australia for a better
quality of life.
recommend v /rek@"mend/ doporučit,
doporučovat Which one do you recommend?
reduce v /rI"dZu;s/ snížit, omezit The
company is aiming to reduce waste by 2010.
relaxation n /ri;l&k"seISn/ relaxace,
odpočinek What do you do for relaxation?
roast adj /r@Ust/ opékaný, pečený We
normally have roast chicken at the weekend.
salad n /"s&l@d/ salát What do you usually
put in a salad?
58
salmon n /"s&m@n/ losos Most salmon is
farmed nowadays.
sandwich n /"s&ndwItS/ sendvič I usually
have a sandwich for lunch.
seafood n /"si;fu;d/ plody moře There is a
new seafood restaurant in Oxford.
secret n /"si;kr@t/ tajemství What’s the
secret to your success?
selection n /s@"lekSn/ výběr The selection
of the right candidate may take a few weeks.
serve v /s3;v/ servírovat, podávat jídlo
Breakfast is served between 7.00 and 9.00 a.m.
serving n /"s3;vIN/ porce jídla Could I have
a smaller serving, please?
skill n /skIl/ dovednost The job requires a
great deal of skill.
slow down v /sl@U "daUn/ zpomalit You
need to slow down when you are eating.
smoked adj /sm@Ukt/ uzený Smoked meats
and fish are delicious.
sociable adj /"s@US@bl/ společenský,
družný She is usually a very sociable person.
sole n /s@Ul/ mořský jazyk (ryba) A sole is
a flat fish.
square n /skwe@/ náměstí Everyone usually
meets in the square in the evening.
starter n /"stA;t@/ předkrm What would you
like as your starter?
statement n /"steItm@nt/ prohlášení, tvrzení
Are the following statements true or false?
strawberry n /"strO;b@ri/ jahoda Let’s go
and pick some strawberries.
stress n /stres/ stres, napětí The stress of
his job made him ill.
tip n /tIp/ tip, rada Here are some useful tips
on how to save money.
tradition n /"tr@dISn/ tradice This culture
has many unusual traditions.
true adj /tru;/ pravdivý Is the story true?
tuna n /"tju;n@/ tuňák Most people eat tuna
from a tin.
unique adj /ju;"ni;k/ jedinečný The
contract will put the company in a unique
position.
vegetable n /"vedZt@bl/ zelenina The vegetables
should be steamed for just a few minutes.
waiter n /"weIt@/ číšník The waiter handed
him the menu.
waitress n /"weItr@s/ číšnice, servírka The
waitress asked them if they were ready to order.
way of life idiom /weI @v "laIf/ způsob
života For some people eating fast food every
day is a way of life.
website n /"websaIt/ webová stránka Have
you seen our new website?
weekend n /wi;"kend/ víkend What are
your plans for the weekend?
weight n /weIt/ váha, hmotnost You look
like you’ve lost some weight.
work it out idiom /w3;k It "aUt/ vyřešit,
vypracovat Can you work it out?
yoghurt n /"jQg@t/ jogurt There’s yoghurt if
you are still hungry.
Unit 6
advantage n /@d"vA;ntIdZ/ výhoda Being
tall gave him an advantage over the others.
agency n /"eIdZ@nsi/ agentura She works for
a travel agency.
aircraft n /"e@krA;ft/ letadlo The aircraft
took off.
airport n /"e@pO;t/ letiště The airport was very
busy as it was in the middle of the holiday season.
aisle seat n /"aI@l si;t/ sedadlo do uličky
I’d prefer an aisle seat.
along with idiom /@"lQN wID/ společně s,
zároveň s She lost her job when the factory
closed, along with hundreds of others.
announcement n /@"naUnsm@nt/ oznámení,
hlášení Today’s announcement was a bit of a
surprise.
architecture n /"A;kItektS@/ architektura
The city is famous for its architecture.
arrivals screen n /"@raIv@lz skri;n/
informační tabule s časy příjezdů/příletů
Please check the arrivals screen to see if her
plane has landed.
art n /A;t/ umění Can we call television art?
attention n /@"tenSn/ pozornost, pozor She
was attracting a lot of attention.
attractive adj /@"tr&ktIv/ přitažlivý,
atraktivní She was one of the most attractive
women I had ever met.
bank n /b&Nk/ břeh břeh řeky He jumped in
and swam to the opposite bank.
be sure of idiom /bi; "SU@r @v, bi; SO;r @v/
být si něčím jistý How can you be sure of that?
beautiful adj /"bju;tIfl/ krásný, pěkný It
was a beautiful evening.
board v /bO;d/ nastoupit, nasednout,
vstoupit na palubu letadla, nalodit se
Passengers are waiting to board.
both … and adv /"b@UT @nd/ jak … tak,
nejen … ale i Both his mother and his father
will be there.
briefcase n /"bri;fkeIs/ kufřík, aktovka He
was carrying a black leather briefcase.
call v name /kO;l/ říkat komu jak, nazývat,
oslovovat She called his name, but he didn’t
hear her.
cancel v /"k&ns@l/ zrušit I’m afraid the
meeting has been cancelled.
centre n /"sent@/ centrum; místo, ve kterém
jsou soustředěny nějaké aktivity They
received messages from several centres.
check-in desk n /"tSek In desk/ odbavovací
přepážka Can you please go to check-in desk 5
immediately?
club n /klVb/ klub She belongs to a book club.
come to v /"kVm t@/ přijet kam, dorazit The
time has come to decide.
comfort n /"kVmf@t/ pohodlí Your comfort
is our most important concern.
complaint n /k@m"pleInt/ stížnost If you have
a complaint, please contact Customer Services.
complete adj /k@m"pli;t/ úplný, celý,
kompletní It came as a complete surprise.
complicated adj /"kQmplIkeItId/ složitý,
komplikovaný The instructions look very
complicated.
connecting adj /k@"nektIN/ spojovací The
rooms had connecting doors.
contemporary adj /k@n"tempr@ri/ současný,
soudobý The design was very contemporary.
convenient adj /k@n"vi;nI@nt/ vhodný,
vyhovující I can walk to work, which is very
convenient.
convert v /k@n"v3;t/ přeměnit, proměnit,
změnit účel užívání; např. budovy The old
building was converted into flats.
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costs n /kQsts/ provozní náklady We have
had to increase our prices due to rising costs.
crowded adj /"kraUdId/ přeplněný,
přecpaný The train was very crowded in the
mornings.
customs n /"kVst@mz/ celnice; místo např.
na letišti, kde celníci kontrolují zavazadla
They may want to check your bags in customs.
cut v /kVt/ snížit His salary has been cut by 10%.
date n /deIt/ datum What date did you start?
December n /dI"semb@/ prosinec It
sometimes snows in December.
demolish v /dI"mQlIS/ zbourat, demolovat
The factory took two days to demolish.
design v /dI"zaIn/ projektovat, navrhnout
He designed and built his own house.
destroy v /dI"strOI/ zničit The building was
completely destroyed by fire.
destruction n /dI"strVkSn/ zničení, zkáza
The destruction of the rainforests must be stopped.
directly adv /daI"rektli/ přímo, rovnou;
např. ‘prodávat přímo’ We have not been
affected directly by the news.
disadvantage n /dIs@d"vA;ntIdZ/ nevýhoda
One of the disadvantages is that we will have to
move.
discount n /"dIskaUnt/ sleva When you
have worked there for one month you receive a
10% discount.
dislike v /dIs"laIk/ nemít rád, nemít v oblibě
She couldn’t understand why everyone disliked
her.
distance n /"dIst@ns/ vzdálenost What’s the
distance between London and Bristol?
duty-free shop n /dju;ti "fri; SQp/ bezcelní
obchod I want to buy something in the
duty-free shop.
efficient adj /I"fIS@nt/ efektivní, výkonný,
účinný We offer a fast and efficient service.
either … or adv /eID@ O;, i;D@ O;/ buď …
nebo v kladné větě, ani … ani v záporné
větě I think she’s either Russian or Polish.
electricity n /elek"trIsIti/ elektřina The cost
of electricity has risen again this year.
entrance n /"entr@ns/ vchod, vstup, vjezd I’ll
meet you outside the entrance to the museum.
evening n /"i;vnIN/ večer What did you do
60
yesterday evening?
exactly adv /Ig"z&ktli/ přesně I know
exactly how she felt.
exchange v /Ik"stSeIndZ/ vyměnit Perhaps
they will let me exchange this jumper.
exhibition n /eksI"bISn/ výstava Have you
seen the exhibition at the museum?
exterior n /Ik"stI@rI@/ exteriér, zevnějšek
The exterior of the house needed repainting.
extra adj /"ekstr@/ další, dodatečný The
government has promised an extra £1 billion
for education.
far adj /fA;/ vzdálený, daleký They sat in
the far corner of the room.
fare n /fe@/ jízdné The train fare to London
is more expensive than the bus.
fastened adj /fA;s@nd/ uzavřený They
found the gate fastened.
few adj /fju;/ málo Few people understand
the difference.
film set n /"fIlm set/ scéna, výprava filmu
I was allowed onto the film set.
find v /faInd/ najít I can’t find my glasses
anywhere.
flexible adj /"fleksIbl/ přizpůsobivý,
flexibilní You need to be flexible to do this job.
flight attendant n /"flaIt @tend@nt/ letuška,
stevard She wanted to work as a flight
attendant for one of the big airlines.
form v /fO;m/ vytvořit, formovat, navázat; např.
‘navázat spolupráci’ The band formed in 2005.
gate n /geIt/ brána, příchod k letadlům
Would all passengers please make their way to
gate 10 immediately.
general adj /"dZenr@l/ obecný, celkový The
general opinion is that the event was a success.
get on v /get "Qn/ vyjít s někým I get on
with my sister.
guide n /gaId/ příručka, rádce, návod She
lets her feelings be her guide.
hand-luggage n /"h&nd lVgIdZ/ příruční
zavazadlo How many pieces of hand-luggage
can we take on board?
ideal adj /aI"dI@l/ ideální, dokonalý It was
the ideal place to live.
immediately adv /Im"i;dI@tli/ okamžitě,
ihned I asked to see him immediately.
in front adv /In "frVnt/ vpředu, v čele She
walked in front of him.
industrial adj /In"dVstrI@l/ průmyslový It
has been described as an industrial city.
inside prep /In"said/ uvnitř, v If it’s raining,
I’ll meet you inside the cinema.
instruction n /In"strVkSn/ pokyn, příkaz
You should always read the instructions.
interest n /"Intrest/ zájem By the end I had
lost all interest in the idea.
it’s no problem idiom /Its "n@U prQbl@m/
žádný problém, bez problémů It’s no problem
if you arrive a little late.
keep v /ki;p/ ponechat, nechat; např.
‘zůstaňte připoutaní’ Please keep your
seat-belt fastened at all times during the flight.
label n /"leIbl/ značka, štítek What does this
label say?
landing card n /"l&ndIN kA;d/ lístek
vyplňovaný při přistání Can you please fill in
this landing card?
last call n /"lA;st kO;l/ poslední výzva,
poslední hlášení před odletem letadla This is
the last call for flight BA357 to New York.
late adj /leIt/ pozdě Why are you so late?
leg room n /"leg ru;m/ prostor/místo pro
nohy There is never enough leg room on
cheaper airlines.
like prep /laIk/ jako She is wearing a dress
like mine.
little adj /"lItl/ malý The baby’s hands were
so little.
location n /l@U"keISn/ umístění, poloha, místo
Location is very important when you are buying a
house.
mail v /meIl/ poslat poštou dopisy, balíky
atd. Can you mail it to me by Friday?
make v /meIk/ vydělat, získat peníze How
much do you make?
make it idiom /"meIk It/ moci přijít, být
schopný přijít; např. ‘Mohu přijít v
úterý.’ I’m sorry, I can’t make it on Friday.
manage v /"m&nIdZ/ stihnout, zvládnout,
být schopný přijít; např. ‘Na zítřejší schůzku
nezvládnu přijít. I’m sorry, I can’t manage the
meeting on Monday.
many adj /"meni/ mnoho, hodně (u
počitatelných podst. jm.) Many people
attended the meeting.
mean v /mi;n/ znamenat, vést k čemu,
skončit čím Spending too much money now
means we will have problems next year.
near adj /nI@/ blízký, nedaleký Where’s the
nearest bank?
no-frills adj /n@U "frIlz/ strohý, bez zbytečných
nákladů; např. nízkorozpočtové letecké
linky They offer a no-frills airline service.
normally adv /"nO;m@li/ normálně, obvykle
She normally has tea in the morning.
number v /"nVmb@/ číslovat All the seats
are numbered.
on the line idiom /Qn D@ "laIn/ na příjmu,
mít telefon Mrs Webster, I’ve got your husband
on the line.
order n /"O;d@/ pořadí What do you think is
the correct order?
originally adv /@"rIdZ@nli/ původně The
company was originally very small.
overhead locker n /@Uv@hed "lQk@/ skříňka
nad hlavou v letadle určená prona příruční
zavazadlo Please put your hand-luggage in the
overhead locker.
pack v /p&k/ balit, zabalit Did you pack
your suitcase yourself?
package n /"p&kIdZ/ balík, balíček,
obal The package was delivered this morning.
paperwork n /"peIp@wO;k/ kancelářské
práce I’ve got lots of paperwork to do this evening.
passenger n /"p&sIndZ@/ cestující, pasažér/
pasažérka They had to wait for the last
passengers before they could leave.
passport n /"pA;spO;t/ cestovní pas Can I
see your passport, please?
passport control n /pA;spO;t k@n"tr@Ul/
pasová kontrola, zóna pasové kontroly; místo
např. na letišti, kde se kontrolují pasy Please
go immediately to passport control.
pedestrian n /p@"destrI@n/ chodec/
chodkyně The pedestrian was injured when
the she was run over.
perfect adj /"p3;fekt/ dokonalý, perfektní,
bezchybný The house is in perfect condition.
platform n /"pl&tfO;m/ nástupiště na
železničním nádraží Which platform does the
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train to London leave from?
popular adj /"pQpj@l@/ oblíbený, populární
She was a very popular member of staff.
possibility n /pQs@"bIlIti/ možnost,
pravděpodobnost There is no possibility of
leaving early today.
power station n /"paU@ steISn/ elektrárna
The residents were unhappy with the idea of a
new power station in the area.
powerful adj /"paU@f@l/ silný, působivý,
mocný He was a very powerful man.
prefer v /pr@"f3;/ upřednostňovat, dávat
přednost čemu před čím I prefer coffee to tea.
price n /praIs/ cena The price of petrol has
increased considerably in the last few months.
prisoner n /"prIz@n@/ vězeň, zajatec/
zajatkyně He was taken prisoner by the terrorists.
prisoner of war n /"prIz@n@ @v wO;/ válečný
zajatec/válečná zajatkyně He was a prisoner
of war for a year.
punctuality n /pVNktju"&lIti/ přesnost,
dochvilnost The teacher insists on punctuality.
put through v /pUt "Tru;/ spojit, přepojit
telefonický hovor I’m just putting you through
now.
rating n /"reItIN/ ohodnocení čeho Health
has been given a high-priority rating by the
new government.
ready adj /"redi/ připravený, nachystaný
Are you ready to go?
record n /"rekO;d/ záznam, známá fakta o
minulosti The airline has a good safety record.
reference number n /"refr@ns
nVmb@/ referenční číslo, číslo jednací This is
your reference number for this transaction.
relationship n /"rI"leISnSIp/ vztah,
souvislost What exactly is the relationship
between you and Sean?
remain v /rI"meIn/ zůstat, trvat Train fares
are unlikely to remain the same.
remaining adj /rI"meInIN/ zbylý Would the
remaining passengers please board the plane
now?
remind v /rI"maInd/ připomenout,
připomínat Can you remind me tomorrow?
require v /rI"kwaI@/ vyžadovat, být
zapotřebí, důrazně žádat All the candidates
62
are required to take a short test.
return v /rI"t3;n/ vrátit se, navrátit se I have
to go to the library to return this book.
route n /ru;t/ cesta, trasa Which is the
quickest route?
row n /r@U/ řada, věci uspořádané do řady
The vegetables were planted in rows.
save v /seIv/ uchovat, zachránit, zachovávat
We must do something now to save our planet.
seat-belt n /"si;tbelt/ bezpečnostní pás You
are breaking the law if you don’t wear a
seat-belt while driving.
seated adj /"si;tId/ sedící, usazený Is
everyone seated?
security n /sI"kjU@rIti/ bezpečnost,
zabezpečení, opatření přijatá za účelem
zajištění bezpečnosti They carried out
security checks at the airport.
see you idiom /"si; ju;/ uvidíme se, tak
zatím (při loučení) See you later!
serve as v /s3;v/ sloužit jako This sofa also
serves as a bed.
similar adj /"sImIl@/ podobný, obdobný We
have similar interests.
something pron /"sVmTIN/ něco (neurčité
zájmeno) We stopped for something to eat.
space n /speIs/ prostor, místo, plocha The
building has so much space.
spectacular adj /spek"t&kj@l@/ působivý,
velkolepý, okázalý The views from the top of
the mountain were spectacular.
standstill n /"st&ndstIl/ klid, zastavení,
nečinnost The traffic is at a standstill.
station n /"steISn/ stanice Where’s the train
station from here?
suit v /su;t/ vyhovovat, hodit se, být
vhodný pro Which day suits you?
surprisingly adv /s@"praIzINli/ kupodivu,
překvapivě She looked surprisingly well.
technical adj /"teknIkl/ technický We
couldn’t watch the programme on TV due to a
technical error.
telephone box n /"telIf@Un bQks/ telefonní
budka It’s difficult to find a telephone box
these days.
that’s fine idiom /D&ts "faIn/ v pořádku, to je v
pořádku I’ll see you next week then. That’s fine!
Thursday n /T3;zdeI/ čtvrtek The match is on
Thursday.
ticket n /"tIkIt/ lístek, jízdenka, letenka,
vstupenka I’ve lost my ticket.
transformation n /tr&nsf@"meISn/ proměna,
přeměna, transformace What a transformation.
You look great!
trolley n /"trQli/ vozík, např. na zavazadla na
letišti There will be a trolley with drinks on it.
Tuesday n /"tju;zdeI/ úterý I’ve got a day off on
Tuesday.
turbine n /"t3;baIn/ turbína The turbine
made a lot of noise.
turn off v /t3;n "Qf/ vypnout Can you turn
that music off, please?
turnaround n /"t3;n@raUnd/ otočka, doba nutná
k přípravě ke zpátečnímu letu; proces, při kterém
se vyloží náklad z letadla a znovu se naloží The
cheaper airlines have a very quick turnaround.
type n /taIp/ typ, druh What type of music
do you like?
ugly adj /"Vgli/ ošklivý, škaredý, nehezký
It’s a very ugly animal.
unattended adj /Vn@"tendId/ nehlídaný,
bez dozoru They took her bag as she had left it
unattended.
value n /"v&lju;/ hodnota, cena Some things
hold their value more than others.
vote v /v@Ut/ hlasovat, volit He is now old
enough to vote.
Wednesday n /"wenzdeI/ středa I’ve got my
exam on Wednesday.
what a pity idiom /wQt @ "pIti/ jaká škoda,
to je ale škoda What a pity you couldn’t come
to the party!
window seat n /"wInd@U si;t/ sedadlo u
okna Can I have a window seat?
World War n /wO;ld "wO;/ světová
válka The effects of a World War are terrible.
yourself pron /jO;"self/ ty sám, vy sám
(zvratné zájmeno) Have you hurt yourself?
Unit 7
active adj /"&ktIv/ aktivní, činný Although
he is 80, he is still very active.
advanced adj /@d"vA;nst/ pokročilý She is
an advanced student of English.
agree v /@"gri;/ souhlasit I’m afraid I don’t agree.
anniversary n /&nI"v3;s@ri/ výročí It was
their first wedding anniversary.
as usual idiom /@z "ju;ZU@l, &z "ju;ZU@l/
jako obvykle She was late as usual.
banana n /b@"nA;n@/ banán I like baked
bananas with yoghurt.
bar of chocolate n /bA; @v "tSQkl@t/ tabulka
čokolády, čokoládová tyčinka Can you get me
a bar of chocolate at the shop, please?
bean n /bi;n/ fazole There are several types
of bean.
bonus n /"b@Un@s/ příplatek, zvláštní odměna,
prémie He received his bonus from work this month.
borrow v /"bQr@U/ půjčit si Can I borrow
your pen, please?
career development n /k@rI@ dI"vel@pm@nt/
kariérní růst She decided that she needed to
speak to someone about her career development.
charter v /"tSA;t@/ pronajmout, najmout loď,
letadlo They decided to charter a boat.
chemical n /"kemIkl/ chemikálie The
chemical was very dangerous.
chief executive n /tSi;f Ig"zekj@tIv/ vrchní
výkonný pracovník/výkonná pracovnice The
chief executive decided to leave the company
after the news.
cocoa n /"k@Uk@U/ kakao If you can’t sleep
at night, drink a cup of cocoa.
community n /k@"mju;n@ti/ společenství,
komunita The community worked together to
get the park built.
contract n /"kQntr&kt/ smlouva, kontrakt
They signed a six-month contract.
cooperative n /k@U"Qpr@tIv/ družstvo;
podnik, který vlastní a provozují v něm
zaměstnané osoby The factory is now a
workers’ cooperative.
cottage n /"kQtIdZ/ chalupa, domek,
chata We rented a small cottage by the sea.
crèche n /kreS/ jesle, zařízení pro hlídání
dětí, např. v podniku My daughter goes to the
crèche in the village hall.
crop n /krQp/ úroda, sklizeň The crop was
very small this year due to the bad weather.
deal n /dI@l/ dohoda, záležitost They have
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fantastic deals on furniture at the moment.
decade n /"dekeId/ desetiletí, dekáda The
2000s is the current decade.
deep adj /di;p/ hluboký The water was very
deep.
definite adj /"defIn@t/ definitivní, určitý
Can you give me a definite answer by tomorrow?
democratic adj /dem@"kr&tIk/ demokratický
You have a democratic right to vote.
dental treatment n /"dentl tri;tm@nt/ ošetření
zubů The dental treatment was excellent.
dining-room n /"daInIN r@Um/ jídelna
Come through to the dining-room to eat!
disagree v /dIs@"gri/ nesouhlasit I’m sorry,
but I totally disagree with what you’re saying!
disaster n /dI"zA;st@/ neštěstí, pohroma,
katastrofa The party was a complete disaster.
dramatically adv /dr@"m&tIkli/ dramaticky
The figures have increased dramatically since
last year.
eastern adj /"i;st@n/ východní There is more
snow on the eastern slopes of the mountain.
economy class n /I"kQn@mi klA;s/ ekonomická
třída, levnější cestovní třída v letadle
Unfortunately, we have to fly economy class to
the USA.
education n /edj@"keISn/ vzdělání A good
education is very important these days.
emphasize v /"emf@saIz/ zdůraznit,
vyzdvihnout, dát důraz na co She emphasized
that the new job would mean a lot of hard work.
escape v /I"skeIp/ utéct, uniknout,
vyváznout Two prisoners have escaped.
Europe n /"jU@r@p/ Evropa Europe is one of
the seven traditional continents of the Earth.
executive n /Ig"zekj@tIv/ vedoucí
pracovník/vedoucí pracovnice, výkonná
moc He is a top executive in the company.
executive director n /Igzekj@tIv daI"rekt@/
výkonný ředitel/výkonná ředitelka She is an
executive director in one of the largest
advertising companies.
fair adj /fe@/ fér; v souladu s tím, co je správné
nebo rozumné I don’t think that this is really fair!
family n /"f&m@li/ rodina How many people
are there in your family?
farmer n /"fA;m@/ sedlák, farmář/farmářka
64
His grandfather was a farmer.
fitness centre n /"fItn@s sent@/ posilovna,
fitness centrum There is an excellent fitness
centre on the university campus.
forget v /f@"get/ zapomenout Don’t forget
the meeting later today!
foundation n /faUn"deISn/ nadace;
organizace založená pro to, aby poskytovala
peníze na určitý účel The money will go to the
children’s foundation.
generation n /dZen@"reISn/ generace, etapa
vývoje; průměrná doba, za kterou děti vyrostou I
wonder what future generations will think.
graph n /grA;f/ graf The graph shows how
house prices have risen in the last year.
help v /help/ pomoci Can you help me, please?
in common idiom /In "kQm@n/ společně,
dohromady např. have sth in common = mít
něco společné ho We have so much in common.
include v /In"klu;d/ zahrnovat, obsahovat
What does the price include?
inflation n /In"fleISn/ inflace, růst cen a
mezd What is the current rate of inflation?
invite v /In"vaIt/ pozvat, zvát, vybízet We
would like to invite you to dinner.
item n /"aIt@m/ položka, kus What’s the
next item on the agenda?
latest adj /"leItIst/ poslední, nejnovější He’s
got the latest mobile phone.
level off v /levl "Qf/ ustálit se, stabilizovat se
The prices rose and then levelled off.
living conditions n /"lIvIN kQndISnz/ životní
podmínky They were living in the most
terrible living conditions.
look after v /lUk "A;ft@/ starat se o I can
look after them for you.
lucky adj /"lVki/ šťastný, mající štěstí You
were very lucky to win that prize.
maker n /meIk@/ výrobce, zhotovitel If it
doesn’t work, send it back to the maker.
management n /"m&nIdZm@nt/ management,
řízení, vedení The report blames bad
management for the problem.
medical adj /"medIkl/ lékařský, léčebný
You need to bring a medical certificate.
miss v /mIs/ chybět, promeškat We missed
the plane because of the traffic on the way to
the airport.
model n /"mQdl/ model, vzor It provided a
model for all the other companies to follow.
mostly adv /"m@Ustli/ většinou We are
mostly out on Saturdays.
nowadays adv /"naU@deIz/ v současné
době, nyní Nowadays, most children prefer
watching TV to reading.
occasion n /@"keIZn/ příležitost, událost
I’ve met him on several occasions.
of course idiom /@v "kO;s/ samozřejmě Of
course you can come!
opportunity n /Qp@"tju;nIti/ příležitost,
šance, možnost You’ll have an opportunity to
ask any questions at the end.
optimistic adj /Qpt@"mIstIk/ optimistický
He is usually such an optimistic person.
pay n /peI/ plat, výplata Her job is hard, but
the pay is good.
payment n /"peIm@nt/ platba When should
I expect the payment?
peak n /pi;k/ vrchol, nejvyšší bod Traffic
reaches its peak between 8.00 and 9.00 a.m.
pension n /"penSn/ penze, důchod She was
able to collect her pension from the post office
every week.
performance n /p@"fO;m@ns/ výkon,
dosažený výsledek The manager was unhappy
with his staff’s performance.
plantation n /plA;n"teISn/ plantáž He
owned a coffee plantation in Kenya.
poor adj /pO;/ chudý, mající málo peněz
It’s one of the poorest countries in the world.
position n /p@"zISn/ pozice, funkce, zaměstnání
I’m applying for the new teaching position.
poverty n /"pQv@ti/ chudoba, bída Many old
people live in poverty.
premium n /"pri;mI@m/ prémie, příplatek You
have to pay a high premium for quicker delivery.
private adj /"praIv@t/ soukromý, pro užívání
konkrétní osobou The hotel has a private beach.
private healthcare n /praIv@t "helTke@/
soukromá zdravotní péče, tj. nestátní One of
the benefits of working for that company is that
they offer private healthcare.
publication n /pVblI"keISn/ publikování,
vydání, publikace What is the date of
publication of your new book?
rate n /reIt/ tempo; míra stanovující, jak
rychle se něco děje Most people walk at an
average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.
reach v /ri;tS/ dosáhnout I hope this letter
reaches you.
reject v /rI"dZekt/ odmítat, odmítnout
Unfortunately, the company rejected his offer.
relaxing adj /rI"l&ksIN/ uvolňující,
uklidňující I find gardening very relaxing.
rent v /rent/ pronajmout si We’ve rented an
apartment.
retire v /rI"taI@/ odejít do důchodu At what
age do people retire in your country?
round-up n /"raUnd Vp/ přehled, např. zpráv
First, let’s have a round-up of the top stories.
set up v /set "Vp/ zařídit, zřídit He set up a
business selling ice-creams on the beach.
sharply adv /"SA;pli/ ostře, prudce, náhle
Share prices fell sharply after the announcement.
shipping n /"SIpIN/ lodní přeprava zboží
She arranged for the shipping of her furniture.
simply adv /"SImpli/ jednoduše, prostě
Simply add hot water and drink.
slightly adv /"slaItli/ nepatrně, lehce, slabě
Profits rose slightly this year.
social adj /"s@USl/ sociální, společenský He
has a busy social life.
socialize v /"s@US@laIZ/ žít společensky,
chodit do společnosti She enjoys socializing
with other students.
solution n /s@"lu;Sn/ řešení The solution to
the problem was clear.
stable adj /"steIbl/ stálý, ustálený, stabilní
The country’s economy was stable at that time.
steadily adv /"stedIli/ vyrovnaně, stále,
plynule růst apod. Profits rose steadily during
the first half of the year.
story n /"stO;ri/ zpráva, reportáž, část zpráv
The top story on the news was the death of the
politician.
subsidized adj /"sVbsIdaIzd/ dotovaný Some
of those projects are subsidized by the government.
support v /s@"pO;t/ podporovat I’ll support
you if you want to do that.
technology n /tek"nQl@dZi/ technologie,
technika Computer technology is advancing so
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quickly nowadays.
third world n /T3;d "wO;ld/ třetí svět,
rozvojové země How are we ever going to
stop third world debt?
trainee n /treI"ni;/ posluchač/posluchačka,
účastník/účastnice školení, zaučující se
pracovník/pracovnice He started in the
company ten years ago as a trainee.
treasure n /"treZ@/ poklad The story said
that the treasure was hidden on a desert island.
treasure hunt n /"treZ@ hVnt/ honba za
pokladem The children played a treasure hunt
at the party.
trend n /trend/ trend, tendence There is a
growing trend towards retiring earlier.
unemployment n /VnIm"plOIm@nt/
nezaměstnanost Unemployment is not as bad
as it used to be in the UK.
unit n /"ju;nIt/ jednotka, celek, lekce v
učebnici Family is the basic unit of society.
via prep /"vaI@/ přes co, pomocí čeho
I heard about it via Jane.
village n /"vIlIdZ/ obec, vesnice They live in
a small village outside Birmingham.
voucher n /"vaUtS@/ poukaz, poukázka,
kupon You can use this voucher for goods up to
the value of 10 Euros.
wage n /weIdZ/ mzda, pravidelná platba za
práci The workers receive their wages at the
end of every week.
well n /wel/ studna They had to get their
water from a well.
western adj /"west@n/ západní She lives in
western Spain.
willing adj /"wIlIN/ ochotný Would you be
willing to help me with this?
wine-tasting n /"waIn teIstIN/ ochutnávka
vína We went to a wine-tasting.
Unit 8
accurate adj /"&kj@r@t/ přesný, důsledný
Accurate records must be kept.
across prep /@"krQs/ přes, napříč We will have
to swim across the river to get to the other side.
adapt v /@"d&pt/ přizpůsobit, upravit,
zvyknout si It is often difficult to adapt to
66
living in a new country.
adaptable adj /@"d&pt@bl/ přizpůsobivý If
you want to be successful, you have to also be
adaptable.
alcoholic n /&lk@"hQlIk/ alkoholik He has
lost his job as he is an alcoholic.
ambitious adj /&m"bIS@s/ ctižádostivý,
ambiciózní She is a very ambitious person.
analysis n /@"n&l@sIs/ analýza, rozbor The
report is an analysis of the research done.
appearance n /@"pI@r@ns/ vzhled,
zevnějšek, vzezření, vnější forma He gave the
appearance of enjoying himself.
Asia n /"eIZ@/ Asie Japan is in Asia.
assistant n /@"sIst@nt/ asistent/asistentka
She worked as his assistant for several years.
blow idiom /bl@U/ smrkat, vysmrkat se When
you have a cold you always have to blow your nose.
brainstorm v /"breInstO;m/ hledat nové
nápady, řešení při diskusi apod.; přemýšlet They
decided to brainstorm any ideas in the meeting.
Buddha n /"bUd@/ Bbudha Buddha is the
founder of Buddhism.
characteristic n /k&rIkt@"rIstIk/ typický
znak Even though they are twins, they have
very different characteristics.
cloakroom n /"kl@Ukru;m/ šatna You can
leave your coat in the cloakroom.
close friend n /kl@Us "frend/ blízký přítel/
blízká přítelkyně She is a very close friend of
mine.
collide v /k@"laId/ srazit se, střetnout se, být v
rozporu The cars collided in the middle of the road.
communal adj /k@"mju;n@l, "kQmj@n@"l/
veřejný, společný The university flats have a
communal kitchen and living area.
communicator n /k@"mju;nIkeIt@/ ten, kdo
komunikuje, dorozumívá se We are in regular
communication by email.
compliment n, v /"kQmplIm@nt/ poklona,
kompliment; složit poklonu It is a great
compliment to be asked to do the speech. / She
complimented him on his excellent speech.
control v /k@n"tr@Ul/ ovládat, kontrolovat;
např emoce The whole area was now controlled
by the army.
creative adj /kri"eItIv/ tvořivý, kreativní
She has a very creative side to her character.
cross v /krQs/ křížit se, protínat se The two
athletes crossed the line together.
deceive v /dI"si;v/ podvést, klamat, oklamat
She deceived him into giving her all his money.
decline v /dI"klaIn/ odmítnout, nepřijmout
She declined the invitation to the party.
description n /dIs"krIpSn/ popis She gave a
very good description of the criminal.
direct question n /daIrekt "kwestj@n/ přímá
otázka Do you mind if I ask you a direct question?
dishonest adj /dIs"QnIst/ nekalý, nečestný,
nepoctivý What you did was very dishonest.
disorganized adj /dIs"O;g@naIzd/
neuspořádaný, rozrušený She is the most
disorganized person I know.
doctor n /"dQkt@/ doktor/doktorka He
trained for 5 years to be a doctor.
dress v /dres/ oblékat se nosit konkrétní
typ/styl oblečení She dressed the children in
their best clothes.
easy-going adj /i;zi "g@UIN/ dobrácký,
tolerantní He was a very easy-going person.
effort n /"ef@t/ úsilí, snaha He put a lot of
effort into making the party a success.
emotion n /I"m@USn/ emoce, cit She was
unable to control her emotions on the day.
even number n /i;vn "nVmb@/ sudé číslo
Pick any even number.
expressive adj /Ik"spresIv/ expresivní,
výrazný She has wonderfully expressive eyes.
eye-contact n /"aI kQnt&kt/ oční kontakt,
pohled z očí do očí We made eye-contact across
the bar.
family name n /"f&mli neIm/ příjmení How
do you spell your family name?
fine n /faIn/ pokuta, peníze placené jako trest
The punishment for speeding is usually just a fine.
first name n /"f3;st neIm/ křestní jméno
What’s your first name?
follow v /"fQl@U/ držet se čeho, řídit se čím
Follow this road and at the end turn left.
forbidden adj /f@"bIdn/ zakázaný,
nedovolený The children were forbidden from
opening their presents before midnight.
foreign adj /"fQr@n/ zahraniční, cizí It is a
foreign-owned company.
foreigner n /"fQr@n@/ cizinec/cizinka Being
a foreigner was a big disadvantage.
formal adj /"fO;m@l/ formální, oficiální,
úřední It was a very formal dinner.
gesture n /"dZesdZ@/ gesto, posunek He
made a very impolite gesture.
good manners n /gUd "m&n@z/ slušné
chování Their children had very good manners.
honest adj /"QnIst/ čestný, poctivý,
upřímný What is your honest opinion?
image n /"ImIdZ/ image, celkové vzezření a
vystupování His public image is very different
to the real person.
impertinent adj /Im"p3;tIn@nt/ drzý,
neomalený That is a very impertinent question!
impolite adj /Imp@"laIt/ nezdvořilý It’s
impolite to ask people how much money they earn.
in turn adv /In "t3;n/ jeden po druhém,
popořadě The children called out their names
in turn.
indoor adj /"IndO;/ vnitřní, pod střechou
They’ve got an indoor pool in their house.
inefficient adj /InI"fISnt/ neefektivní,
neschopný, neúčinný Our old heating system
is very inefficient.
intensive adj /In"tensIv/ intenzivní She
went on an intensive training course.
interrupt v /Int@"rVpt/ přerušovat,
přerušit I’m sorry to interrupt you!
interruption n /Int@"rVpSn/ přerušení He
couldn’t remember what he had been talking
about before the interruption.
joke n /dZ@Uk/ vtip She didn’t understand
the joke.
kiss v /kIs/ políbit He kissed her on the cheek.
knock v /nQk/ klepat, zaklepat He knocked
on the door loudly.
Latin America n /l&tIn @"merIk@/ latinská
Amerika Mexico is in Latin America.
leave v /li;v/ nechat, zanechat, nevzít si She
left her newspaper on the train.
look v /lUk/ vypadat o vzhledu It looks delicious.
manners n /"m&n@z/ chování, způsoby,
společenské chování He has the manners of a pig!
mix v /mIks/ míchat, mísit se, promíchat Mix the
oil and the vinegar and then pour over the salad.
motivation n /m@UtI"veISn/ motivace Most
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people say that money is their main motivation
at work.
necessary adj /"nes@seri/ nezbytný,
potřebný It isn’t necessary for us to meet.
non-verbal adj /nQn "v3;bl/ neverbální, beze
slov Non-verbal communication is very important.
normal adj /"nO;m@l/ normální, obvyklý
She had a normal childhood.
obligatory adj /@"blIg@tri/ povinný,
závazný A uniform was obligatory at my high
school.
on time idiom /Qn "taIm/ včas The train
was on time.
one thing at a time idiom /wVn TIN @t @
"taIm/ jedna věc v daný okamžik You need to
learn to do one thing at a time.
organized adj /O;g@naIzd/ organizovaný,
spořádaný She worked in an organized office.
outgoing adj /aUt"g@UIN/ společenský,
nesobecký, otevřený He was a very outgoing
person.
patient adj /"peIS@nt/ trpělivý She was the
most patient teacher I ever had.
pause n, v /pO;z/ pauza, odmlka; odmlčet se,
udělat přestávku There was a long pause
before she answered. / She paused at the door
but didn’t look back.
permission n /p@"mISn/ povolení They
didn’t get the correct permission before they
built the house.
polite adj /p@"laIt/ slušný, zdvořilý What a
polite young boy!
politeness n /p@"laItn@s/ slušnost,
zdvořilost He stood up out of politeness and
offered her his seat.
pour v /pU@, pO;/ lít, nalít Could you pour
me a glass of water, please?
prefix n /"pri;fIks/ předsunuté znaky The
prefix LH before the number stands for the
initials of your name.
present n /"prez@nt/ současnost,
přítomnost, dar, dárek What can I get David
as a birthday present?
professor n /pr@"fes@/ profesor/ka The
professor told me that I had passed my exam.
punctual adj /"pVNktjU@l/ přesný,
dochvilný She has always been punctual.
68
react v /ri"&kt/ reagovat, zareagovat, odpovědět
How did she react when you told her the news?
reliable adj /rI"laI@bl/ spolehlivý She is a
very reliable person.
respect n /rI"spekt/ respekt, ohled, zřetel
I have the greatest respect for your father.
return flight idiom /rIt3;n "flaIt/ zpáteční
let I met a friend of yours on my return flight
from Italy.
rude adj /ru;d/ neomalený, neslušný,
nezdvořilý There’s no need to be so rude!
schedule n /"Sedju;l, "skedju;l / plán, rozvrh,
harmonogram, jízdní řád She had a very busy
schedule.
senior adj /"si;nI@/ starší, nadřízený He is a
senior member of our team.
sensitive adj /"sens@tIv/ citlivý She is very
sensitive to other people’s feelings.
separate adj /"sepr@t/ oddělený, samostatný
It happened on two separate occasions.
serious adj /"sI@rI@s/ vážný, závažný We
have a very serious problem here.
silence n /"saIl@ns/ ticho, mlčení I need
silence when I am studying.
steal v /"stI@l/ krást, ukrást The men stole a
lot of money from the bank.
stranger n /"streIndZ@/ neznámý člověk
I opened the door and there was a complete
stranger standing there.
subway n /"sVbweI/ podzemní dráha,
metro You don’t need to cross the road, you
can use the subway.
suffix n /"sVfIks/ sufix, přípona If you add a
suffix to a word, you can sometimes make
another word.
system n /"sIst@m/ systém The transport
system is working well at the moment.
timetable n /"taImteIbl/ časový plán, jízdní/
letový řád We have a new timetable each term.
title n /"taItl/ titul, oslovení; např. ‘pan’,
‘paní’ What is your title?
truth n /tru;T/ pravda Tell me the truth!
turn n /t3;n/ řada na kom; např. ‘čekat, až
na mě přijde řada’ It’s your turn to try and hit
the ball.
uncomfortable adj /Vn"kVmft@bl/ nepohodlný
The hotel beds were very uncomfortable.
understand v /Vnd@"st&nd/ chápat, rozumět
I don’t understand what you are trying to say!
unreliable adj /VnrI"laI@bl/ nespolehlivý
My car is very unreliable at the moment.
waste v /weIst/ plýtvat We should try not to
waste food.
Westerner n /"west@n@/ obyvatel/obyvatelka
Západu He had lived in Europe for so long that
he now thought of himself as a Westerner.
witness n /"wItn@s/ svědek/svědkyně He
was a witness to the killing.
work and play idiom /w3;k @nd "pleI/
práce a zábava It is difficult to find a balance
in life between work and play.
Unit 9
accompany v /@"kVmp@ni/ provázet,
doprovodit He accompanied her on the trip.
afford v /@"fO;d/ dovolit si, dopřát si I can’t
afford a new car.
apartment n /@"pA;tm@nt/ byt, apartmá The
apartment was on the top floor of the building.
appear v /@"pI@/ vypadat, objevit se He
appears a perfectly normal person.
appreciate v /@"pri;SieIt/ oceňovat, ocenit, být
vděčný I really appreciate all your help with this.
author n /"O;T@/ autor/ka The author of this
book is unknown.
available adj /@"veIl@bl/ dostupný, k dispozici
I’m afraid Dr Bone is not available at the moment.
banking n /"b&NkIN/ bankovnictví,
provozování banky She’s thinking about a
career in banking.
best seller n /best "sel@/ bestseller, nejvíce
kupovaný His first novel was a best seller.
bother v /"bQD@/ obtěžovat, rušit zabírat
čas, obtěžovat se s čím I’m sorry to bother
you but have you got a light?
budget n /"bVdZIt/ rozpočet We have a very
small budget for our holiday.
calculator n /"k&lkj@leIt@/ kalkulačka
I can’t work this out without a calculator.
camera n /"k&mr@/ fotoaparát, kamera
Take a picture with your camera.
carry v /"k&ri/ nosit, nést, přinést He
carried his heavy suitcase.
château n /"S&t@U/ zámek We have rented a
huge château in France for the week.
collocation n /kQl@"keISn/ kolokace, slovní
spojení Can you give me an example of a
collocation with the word ‘success’?
column n /"kQl@m/ sloupek, rubrika, část
tištěného/psaného materiálu He writes a
column for the local newspaper.
communist adj /"kQmj@nIst/ komunistický
He describes his politics as communist.
compete v /k@m"pi;t/ soutěžit, soupeřit,
konkurovat Several companies are competing
for the work.
competitor n /k@m"petIt@/ soupeř/soupeřka,
protivník/protivnice, konkurent/konkurentka We
produce cheaper goods than our competitor.
consumer goods n /k@nsju;m@ "gUdz/
spotřební zboží Examples of consumer goods
would be food and clothing.
consumption n /k@n"sVmpSn/ spotřeba
Gas and coal consumption always increases
during the winter.
covered adj /"kVv@d/ krytý, se střechou; např.
‘zastřešená plocha’ The stadium had a covered
area if people wanted to shelter from the rain.
cultural adj /"kVlt@Sr@l/ kulturní There are
many cultural differences between the two
communities.
develop v /dI"vel@p/ vyvíjet se, vyvinout se,
rozvíjet se She developed the company from
nothing.
economics n /i;k@"nQmIks/ ekonomika He
studied economics at university.
economist n /I"kQn@mIst/ ekonom/ekonomka
He now works as an economist.
economize v /I"kQn@maIz/ šetřit, hospodařit
We will have to economize in some areas.
environment n /In"vaIr@m@nt/ prostředí,
životní prostředí Children learn better if they are
surrounded by a pleasant learning environment.
especially adv /Is"peS@li/ zvláště, hlavně
I love Rome, especially in the spring.
establish v /Is"t&blIS/ založit, zřídit The
group was established in 1917.
expansion n /Ik"sp&nSn/ expanze, rozšíření The
country is experiencing a period of rapid expansion.
extend v /Ik"stend/ rozprostírat se, sahat až,
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rozšířit se Your visa has been extended for
another year.
financial year n /faIn&nSl "jI@/ finanční rok
The financial year ends in April.
flat n /fl&t/ byt He wants to buy a flat this year.
forecast v /"fO;kA;st/ předpověď The experts
are forecasting a very good year.
free market n /fri; "mA;kIt/ volný trh She
was a supporter of the free market economy.
goods n /gUdz/ zboží There are a lot of
cheap goods from China at the moment.
great adj /greIt/ velký, významný, slavný
Dickens was a great writer.
grow v /gr@U/ pěstovat We grow our own
vegetables.
growth n /gr@UT/ růst, nárůst There was a
rapid growth in violent crime last year.
headline n /"hedlaIn/ titulek, nadpis The
headline didn’t give all the details.
history n /"hIstri/ historie, dějiny It was an
important point in history.
home page n /"h@Um peIdZ/ domovská
stránka What have you got on your home page?
impact n /"Imp&kt/ dopad, vliv, působení
na co We have to consider the environmental
impact of tourism.
in advance idiom /In @d"vA;ns/ předem,
dopředu The rent is due one month in advance.
in business idiom /In "bIzn@s/ v obchodě,
působící na trhu All we need are some orders
and then we’ll be in business.
in favour idiom /In "feIv@/ pro co, zastáncem
čeho He was in favour of the strike.
incredibly adv /In"kredIbli/ neuvěřitelně She
survived the accident. She was incredibly lucky!
industrialization n /IndVstrI@laI"zeISn/
industrializace The country went through a
period of industrialization.
industrialize v /In"dVstrI@laIz/ industrializovat
The south of the country was slow to industrialize.
institution n /InstI"tju;Sn/ instituce It is a
famous educational institution.
invest v /In"vest/ investovat Are you going
to invest in that company?
investment n /In"vestm@nt/ investice I think
you made a very good investment in that company.
investor n /In"vest@/ investor He is only a
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small investor.
joint venture n /dZOInt "ventS@/ společný podnik,
podnik se společnou majetkovou účastí The joint
venture would mean some job losses.
labour force n /"leIb@ fO;s/ pracovní síly,
ekonomicky aktivní obyvatelstvo The
majority of the labour force is unskilled.
large-scale adj /"lA;dZ skeIl/ ve velkém
měřítku It will involve a large-scale
development of the area.
lend v /lend/ půjčit Can you lend me some
money?
lift n /lIft/ odvoz Do you want a lift to the station?
manufacturing adj /m&nju"f&ktS@rIN/
výrobní, zpracovatelský Many jobs were lost
in the manufacturing industry.
mass adj /m&s/ hromadný, masový Their
new product is aimed at the mass market.
material n /m@"tI@rI@l/ materiál, např.
‘stavební materiály, hmoty’ The cost of
building materials has risen dramatically.
Mexico n /"meksIk@U/ Mexiko She goes to
Mexico at least once a year.
mind v /maInd/ vadit, namítat, protestovat
Do you mind if I sit here?
mirror n /"mIr@/ zrcadlo If you break a
mirror, it is unlucky.
modernization n /mQd@naI"zeISn/
modernizace The modernization of the
hospital has taken much longer than planned.
natural adj /"n&tSr@l/ přírodní, nezhotovený
člověkem We only sell natural products.
not at all idiom /nQt @t "O;l/ vůbec ne, např.
‘Ne, vůbec ne.’ Do you mind if I open the
window? No, not at all!
not only … but also idiom /nQt "@Unli bVt
A;ls@U/ nejen …, ale i … She not only works
as a nurse but also as a shop assistant.
office block n /"QfIs blQk/ administrativní
budova, kancelářská budova The office block
is going to be destroyed.
on credit idiom /Qn "kredIt/ na úvěr We
bought the dishwasher on credit.
painting n /"peIntIN/ malba, obraz, malování
The painting was worth over $2 million.
pattern n /"p&t@n/ vzor, vzorek His
sleeping pattern was very irregular.
pick up v /pIk "Vp/ vyzvednout, např.
‘vyzvednout tě na letišti’ I’ll pick you up at
the airport.
point n /pOInt/ bod, okamžik, chvíle, časový
okamžik We were on the point of giving up.
pollution n /p@"lu;Sn/ znečištění The
pollution in the city centre is getting worse.
production n /pr@"dVkSn/ výroba, produkce,
proces zhotovování There has been an increase
in the level of production in the factory.
property developer n /"prQp@ti dIvel@p@/
projektant/ projektantka, stavitel/stavitelka He
has decided to become a property developer.
pyramid n /"pIr@mId/ pyramida It looked
like a pyramid.
quarter n /"kwA;t@/ čtvrtina, zlomek His
time only improved by a quarter of a second.
quite something idiom /kwaIt "sVmTIN/
opravdu něco that’s quite something = to už
tedy něco znamená It’s quite something to have Unit 10
a good job at all these days.
rapid adj /"r&pId/ rychlý They are going
through a period of rapid growth.
rapidly adv /"r&pIdli/ rychle Crime figures
are rising rapidly.
recently adv /"ri;s@ntli/ nedávno, v poslední
době I haven’t seen them recently.
report n /rI"pO;t/ zpráva She was able to
give a progress report.
right adj /raIt/ správný, přijatelný, OK
John’s here! Oh, right!
shopping mall n /"SQpIN mO;l/ velké
nákupní centrum The best place to go is the
shopping mall.
software n /"SQftwe@/ software His
software had a virus.
spend v /spend/ utrácet, utratit peníze, trávit,
strávit čas I’ve spent too much money this week.
standard of living n /st&nd@d @v "lIvIN/
životní úroveň They have a better standard of
living in Spain.
steel n /stI@l/ ocel It’s made of steel.
style n /staIl/ styl, konkrétní vzhled, design
We stock a wide range of styles.
suburb n /"sVb3;b/ předměstí He lives in the
suburbs of the city.
sure is idiom /SO; "Iz/ to určitě, opravdu to tak
je, bezesporu It sure is quiet out there tonight.
temple n /"templ/ chrám, svatyně We
visited lots of temples in Sri Lanka.
text n /tekst/ text The text was very difficult
to understand.
today n /t@"deI/ dnešek Today is my birthday!
unhappy adj /Vn"h&pi/ nešťastný What’s
the matter? You look very unhappy.
valuable adj /"v&ljU@bl/ hodnotný, cenný It
was an extremely valuable ring.
win v /wIn/ vyhrát, získat The company has
won a very big contract.
windscreen n /"wInskri;n/ přední okno,
čelní sklo vozidla She had to clean the
windscreen before she could drive off.
worry n /"wVri/ trápení, starosti You should
discuss your worries with someone who might
be able to help.
ability n /@"bIl@ti/ schopnost, dovednost He
had remarkable abilities.
according to idiom /@"kO;dIN tu;/ podle čeho,
v souladu s Everything went according to plan.
adventure n /@d"ventS@/ dobrodružství She
went to Africa looking for adventure.
advisable adj /@d"vaIz@bl/ vhodný, hodný
doporučení It is advisable to book early.
age v /eIdZ/ stárnout, zestárnout I couldn’t
believe how much she had aged.
agriculture n /"&grIkVltS@/ zemědělství The
number of people employed in agriculture has
fallen.
antibiotic n /&nti;baI"QtIk/ antibiotikum
You need some antibiotics for that infection.
at risk idiom /@t rIsk, &t rIsk/ v nebezpečí,
v ohrožení Old and young people are at risk of
this illness.
atom-bomb n /"&t@m bQm/ atomová
bomba The atom-bomb exploded.
balance n /"b&l@ns/ rovnováha, bilance You
should check your bank balance.
behind prep /bI"haInd/ za There was a
small river running behind their house.
believe v /bI"li;v/ věřit Do you believe me?
beside prep /bI"saId/ vedle He sat beside
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her all night.
between prep /bI"twi;n/ mezi dvěma I sat
down between Sarah and Sally.
bin n /bIn/ odpadkový koš Put your rubbish
in the bin!
birth rate n /"b3;T reIt/ porodnost The birth
rate in Europe is declining.
canoeing n /k@"nu;IN/ kanoistika They went
canoeing along the river.
capital n /"k&pItl/ hlavní město What’s the
capital of Poland?
centenarian n /sent@"ne@rI@n/ člověk,
kterému je sto a více let There are more
people becoming centenarians nowadays.
chip n /tSIp/ lupínek, např. ‘chipsy, brambůrky,
bramborové lupínky’ Would you like some chips?
coastal adj /"k@Ustl/ pobřežní We went for
a coastal walk.
coffee machine n /"kQfi m@Si;n/ kávovar
There is a coffee machine next to the lift.
computer n /k@mpju;t@/ počítač Where do
you keep your computer?
content n /"kQntent/ obsah, náplň The
content of the document was a secret.
contraceptive pill n /kQntr@"septIv pIl/
antikoncepční pilulka The contraceptive pill has
recently become more easily available in the UK.
cost of living n /kQst @v "lIvIN/ životní
náklady The cost of living is increasing.
desk n /desk/ psací stůl His desk was very
untidy.
developed country n /dI"vel@pt kVntri/
rozvinutá země Some countries have been
trying to provide financial aid to less developed
countries.
developing country n /dI"vel@pIN kVntri/
rozvojová země Some illnesses associated with
stress do not occur in developing countries.
diagram n /"daI@gr&m/ diagram, schéma,
grafické znázornění The results are shown in
diagram 2.
dining car n /"daInIN kA;/ jídelní vůz Is
there a dining car on this train?
disease n /dI"zi;z/ nemoc The disease is
very difficult to cure at the moment.
emission n /I"mISn/ emise The emission of
carbon dioxide into the environment is causing
72
many problems.
enquiry n /In"kwaI@ri/ poptávka, dotaz A
public enquiry was held into the proposal.
essential adj /I"senSl/ nezbytný,
nutný Experience is essential for this job.
exist v /Ig"zIst/ existovat Does life exist on
other planets?
factor n /"f&kt@/ faktor, činitel, okolnost
The result will depend on a number of factors.
female n /"fi;meIl/ žena More females than
males are employed.
filing cabinet n /"faIlIN k&bIn@t/ kartotéka,
skříň na spisy Can you please put this away in
the filing cabinet?
fit adj /fIt/ fit, zdravý He is very fit from all
the running he does.
forest n /"fQrIst/ les They went for a drive
through the forest.
free adj /fri;/ svobodný, volný, neomezený;
mající povoleno jít/dělat, co chce A true
democracy means free speech.
gas n /g&s/ plyn There was a smell of gas.
global warming n /gl@Ubl "wO;mIN/ globální
oteplování Global warming is a worldwide
problem.
habitable adj /"h&bIt@bl/ obyvatelný The
island is habitable.
habitat n /"h&bIt&t/ přirozené prostředí,
lokalita výskytu zvěře apod. The panda’s
natural habitat is the bamboo forest.
healthcare n /"helTke@/ zdravotní péče
Healthcare is an important issue for people.
holidaymaker n /"hQlIdeImeIk@/ rekreant/
rekreantka, prázdninový/prázdninová, návštěvník/
návštěvnice The plane was full of holidaymakers.
ice n /aIs/ led The ice was very dangerous.
impossible adj /Im"pQs@bl/ nemožný,
neuskutečnitelný, nereálný It was impossible to
see the road.
in front of prep /In "frVnt @v/ před kým,
čím The car was parked in front of the house.
individual n /IndI"vIdZU@l/ jedinec,
jednotlivec, osoba We spoke to each individual.
industry n /"Ind@stri/ průmysl She got a job
in the tourist industry.
infectious adj /In"fekS@s/ nakažlivý,
infekční Flu is very infectious.
involve v /In"vQlv/ zahrnovat, obsahovat
The job involves a lot of travelling.
keyboard n /"ki;bO;d/ klávesnice He played
keyboard in the band.
lamp n /l&mp/ lampa The lamp is too bright.
level n /"levl/ úroveň, hladina Profits were
at the same level as the year before.
life expectancy n /"laIf Ikspekt@nsi/
předpokládaná průměrná délka života Life
expectancy is increasing.
lifetime n /"laIftaIm/ život, doba existence,
životnost His books were not published in his
lifetime.
limit v /"lImIt/ omezi, limitovat They had to
limit the amount of imports.
location n /l@U"keISn/ umístění, poloha The
location of the new building was a secret.
look up v /lUk "Vp/ vyhledat, najít, vyhledat
v příručce/informačním zdroji I don’t know
the answer. I’ll have to look it up!
maintain v /meIn"teIn/ udržovat, zachovávat
The two countries have always maintained
close relations.
mat n /m&t/ rohožka Wipe your feet on the
mat before you come in!
medicine n /medIs@n/ lék, léčivo Did you
take your medicine?
medicine n /medIs@n/ lékařství, medicína,
lékařská věda People would like to try
alternative medicine.
melt v /melt/ tát, roztát The ice eventually
melted.
mouse n /maUs/ myš (součast počítače)
The mouse wouldn’t move very easily.
next to prep /"nekst t@, "nekst tu;/ vedle, u
Put it down next to the book.
note down v /n@Ut "daUn/ zapsat si,
zaznamenat He noted everything down in his diary.
object n /"QbdZekt/ předmět She took lots of
everyday objects with her.
on the left of prep /Qn D@ "left @v/ nalevo
od Paul is sitting on the left of Isobel.
on the right of prep /Qn D@ "raIt @v/
napravo od Isobel is sitting on the right of Paul.
over prep /"@Uv@/ v průběhu, během čeho
We’ll discuss it over lunch.
personal organizer n /p3s@n@l "O;g@naIz@/
plánovač, záznamník, organizér I write
everything down in my personal organizer.
photocopier n /"f@Ut@UkQpI@/ kopírka The
photocopier has broken down again.
planet n /"pl&nIt/ planeta The planet is
getting smaller and smaller.
policy n /"pQl@si/ politika The new policy is
being discussed.
predict v /pr@"dIkt/ předpovídat, předpovědět
Who do you predict will be the next leader of
the country?
prediction n /pr@"dIkS@n/ předpověď,
proroctví Your prediction was incorrect.
present adj /"prez@nt/ současný, přítomný
The present situation is very difficult.
printer n /"prInt@/ tiskárna (součast počítače)
The printer is jamming.
privileged adj /"prIv@lIdZd/ privilegovaný
He came from a very privileged background.
productive adj /pr@"dVktIv/ produktivní,
výkonný The meeting was very productive.
profit n /"prQfIt/ zisk, výdělek, profit The
company made a lot of profit last year.
promotion n /pr@"m@USn/ povýšení, získání
důležitější práce I’m going to try for that promotion.
public n /"pVblIk/ veřejnost The public were
going to be very difficult to win over.
recipe n /"res@pi/ recept, návod The recipe
was very easy to follow.
refer v /rI"f3;/ odvolávat se na něco,
odkazovat na, vztahovat se k čemu Who are
you referring to?
religion n /rI"lIdZ@n/ náboženství Do you
study religion in schools in your country?
remarkable adj /rI"mA;k@bl/ pozoruhodný,
stojící za povšimnutí She is a remarkable
young woman.
resource n /rI"sO;s/ zdroj We don’t have the
necessary resources to do this job.
responsibility n /rIspQns@"bIl@ti/ zodpovědnost
It is not my responsibility to do this.
rich adj /rItS/ bohatý, majetný He is a very
rich man.
rise v /raIz/ zvednout se, stoupat Prices
rose after the news was announced.
rock climbing n /"rQk klaImIN/ horolezectví,
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lezení po skalách Rock climbing can be quite
dangerous.
sanitation n /s&nI"teISn/ hygiena,
hygienická zařízení The spread of the disease
resulted from the lack of sanitation.
scientist n /"saI@ntIst/ vědec/vědkyně He’s
working as a research scientist.
seawater n /"si;wO;t@/ mořská voda Be
careful not to drink any seawater!
see v /si;/ chápat, rozumět I see what you mean.
social security n /s@US@l sI"kju;rIti/ sociální
zabezpečení Some people have to live off social
security.
society n /s@"saI@ti/ společnost It is a
problem in all areas of society.
species n /"spi;Si;z/ druh, třída živočichů
They discovered a rare species.
spectacle n /"spekt@kl/ podívaná, výhled,
působivá podívaná The fireworks were a
fantastic spectacle.
study n /"stVdi/ studie, výzkumná práce,
součást výzkumu A detailed study was done
by the company.
take action idiom /teIk "&kSn/ jednat,
podniknout kroky As soon as we get his
decision, we’ll take action.
tax n /t&ks/ daň How much tax do I have to pay?
temperature n /"temprItS@/ teplota The
temperature dropped to freezing during the night.
transfer n /"tr&nsf3;/ převod, přesun,
převedení He asked for a transfer to a
different department within the company.
triple v /"trIpl/ ztrojnásobit se You could
triple your money on that investment.
underground adj /"Vnd@graUnd/ podzemní
There are many underground caves.
wheel n /wI@l/ kolo The wheel fell off his bike.
whitewater rafting n /waItwO;t@ "rA;ftIN/
rafting v divoké vodě We went whitewater
rafting in Australia.
wildlife n /"waIldlaIf/ divoká zvěř The natural
habitat of the wildlife would be in danger.
worried adj /"wVrid/ znepokojený, utrápený,
ustaraný She was very worried about her exam
results.
year planner n /"jI@ pl&n@/ plánovací kalendář
na celý rok Have you filled in your year planner?
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Unit 11
achieve v /@"tSi;v/ dosáhnout He had finally
achieved success.
administrative adj /@d"mInIstr@tIv/
administrativní He had an administrative job
in the company.
all expenses paid idiom /O;l IkspensIz "peId/
všechny výdaje uhrazeny He’s going on an all
expenses paid trip to America.
arcade n /A;"keId/ pasáž, podloubí The
arcade was full of beautiful small shops.
audience n /"O;dI@ns/ obecenstvo, publikum
The audience clapped at the end of the show.
bicycle n /"baIsIkl/ jízdní kolo He rode his
bicycle to work.
bike n /baIk/ jízdní kolo (hov.) I usually go
to work by bike.
business park n /"bIznIs pA;k/ obchodní
zóna His company is moving to the new
business part.
butcher n /"bUtS@/ řezník I’m going to buy
some chicken at the butcher’s.
catch v /k&tS/ chytit, zachytit, postřehnout,
slyšet I didn’t catch your name.
category n /"k&t@gri/ kategorie, skupina,
třída The results can be divided into three
different categories.
change v /tSeIndZ/ změnit se, měnit se,
vyměnit Is there anything you would like to
change in your life?
charge v /tSA;dZ/ účtovat si How much do
you charge for one hour?
commuter n /k@"mju;t@/ dojíždějící The
five o’clock train is always full of commuters.
compare v /k@m"pe@/ porovnat, srovnat You
need to compare the differences before you decide.
congestion n /k@n"dZestS@n/ ucpání,
dopravní zácpa The traffic congestion was
becoming a serious problem.
continent n /"kQntIn@nt/ světadíl, kontinent
How many continents are there?
contraction n /k@n"tr&kS@n/ staženina, stažený
tvar slova ‘I’ll’ is a contraction of ‘I will’.
cover v /"kVv@/ zahrnovat, pokrývat,
obsahovat The price covers all your meals.
crime n /kraIm/ zločin The government is
continuing the fight against crime.
cycle v /"saIkl/ jezdit/jet na kole He cycles
to work.
cyclist n /"saIklIst/ cyklista/cyklistka He is
a professional cyclist.
dull adj /dVl/ nezajímavý, hloupý, nudný
The countryside was dull and uninteresting.
elegant adj /"elIg@nt/ elegantní She was
wearing a very elegant dress.
encourage v /In"kVrIdZ/ povzbuzovat,
podporovat, povzbudit You should encourage
him to try harder.
everywhere adv /"evri;we@/ všude He
follows me everywhere.
except prep /Ik"sept/ kromě, až na We work
every day except Sunday.
express v /Ik"spres/ vyjádřit se, vyslovit He
expressed his concerns about the project.
financial adj /faI"n&nSl/ finanční He works
in the financial sector.
free adj /fri;/ bezplatný, volný, zdarma,
zadarmo, bez poplatku The newspaper is free.
geography n /"dZQgr@fi/ zeměpis, geografie
She always wanted to be a geography teacher.
get around v /get @"raUnd/ cestovat, např. po
městě She gets around with the help of a stick.
get married v /get "m&ri;d/ uzavřít
manželství, vdát se, oženit se They’re getting
married this Saturday.
golf course n /"gQlf kO;s/ golfové hřiště It
took them four hours to get round the golf course.
headquarters n /hed"kwO;t@z/ sídlo, ústředí,
centrála It is the headquarters of the entire company.
ice-skating n /"aIs skeItIN/ bruslení She
broke her leg when she went ice-skating for the
first time.
imaginary adj /I"m&dZInri/ imaginární,
pomyslný, fiktivní I had an imaginary friend
when I was a child.
impressive adj /Im"presIv/ působivý, úchvatný
She was very impressive in the interview.
integrate v /"IntIgreIt/ začlenit, integrovat
They need to integrate into the local community.
jog v /dZQg/ běhat rekreačně pro zdraví
(forma cvičení) He jogs 3 kilometres a day.
lane n /leIn/ trasa, pruh; vyznačená část cesty,
silnice She pulled out into the fast lane to overtake.
light rail n /laIt "reIl/ lehká městská
kolejová doprava The city needed a larger
light rail system.
lively adj /"laIvli/ živý, čilý, rušný Her eyes
were bright and lively.
matter v /"m&t@/ mít význam, záležet It
doesn’t matter to me what you do.
mention v /"menS@n/ zmínit se Don’t
mention her name!
metro n /"metr@U/ metro, podzemní
dráha The metro is the quickest way to get
around in the city.
modern adj /mQd@n/ moderní She lives in
a very modern flat.
motorist n /"m@ut@rIst/ motorista/motoristka,
řidič/řidička motorového vozidla The
motorist called the police.
multinational adj /mVlti;"n&Snl/
mnohonárodní, nadnárodní It is now a
multinational company.
off work idiom /Qf "w3;k/ mimo práci, mající
volno She’s off work at the moment as she is ill.
overall adj /@Uv@r"O;l/ celkový, souhrnný
There has been an overall improvement in his
standard of work.
overcrowded adj /@Uv@"kraUdId/
přeplněný, přecpaný, přelidněný The train
was very overcrowded this morning.
panel n /"p&nl/ tým, skupina, komise; např.
‘panelová, tj. vícestranná diskuse’ The
interview panel chose John for the position.
park v /pA;k/ parkovat, zaparkovat You can
park here.
parliament n /"pA;l@m@nt/ parlament The
laws are made by parliament.
per prep /p3;, p@/ za při udávání poměru,
pro jednotku času, např. ‘aut na osobu’ There
is only one per person.
pharmaceutical adj /fA;m@"su;tIkl/
farmaceutický She is a sales representative for
a pharmaceutical company.
poor adj /pU@, pO;/ ubohý, chatrný, špatný,
nedobrý It was a very poor performance.
rather than prep /"r&D@ D&n, "rA;D@
D@n/ raději než, spíše než I’ll have a cold
drink rather than a coffee.
responsible adj /rIs"pQns@bl/ zodpovědný,
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mající povinnost Steve is responsible for the
entire project.
result n /rI"zVlt/ výsledek, důsledek The
results didn’t tell us anything that we didn’t
already know.
safe adj /seIf/ bezpečný She didn’t feel safe
in her own home.
Scandinavia n /sk&ndI"neIvI@/ Skandinávie
Scandinavia is made up of a number of
countries including Sweden and Norway.
scheme n /ski;m/ plán, program They have
introduced a training scheme for young people.
season n /"si;z@n/ roční období, např. jaro,
léto My favourite season is spring.
service industry n /"s3;vIs Ind@stri;/ odvětví
služeb Their company would come under the
service industry.
share v /Se@/ sdílet, podílet se, podělit
se She shares a house with three other girls.
single adj /sINgl/ jediný, jednotlivý; např
She is single at the moment.
solve v /sQlv/ řešit, vyřešit It took hours to
solve the puzzle.
staff n /stA;f/ zaměstnanci, personál The
staff was allowed to leave early.
stomach n /"stVm@k/ žaludek She had a
problem with her stomach.
the same to you idiom /D@ seIm t@ "ju;/ to
stejné tobě, tobě taky ‘Happy Christmas!’ ‘The
same to you!’
tourism n /"tU@rIzm, "tO;rIzm/ turistika,
cestování Tourism is the country’s main industry.
traffic jam n /"tr&fIk dZ&m/ dopravní
zácpa He was late because of the traffic jam.
tram n /tr&m/ tramvaj They are introducing
trams to some cities.
treaty n /"tri;ti/ smlouva, dohoda, úmluva
The treaty was signed by all the countries.
unpopular adj /Vn"pQpj@l@/ nepopulární,
neoblíbený His actions made him very
unpopular.
unnecessary adj /Vn"nes@seri/ zbytečný,
nepotřebný All of this is totally unnecessary.
unreal adj /Vn"rI@l/ neskutečný, nereálný
I think your expectations are unreal.
wood n /wUd/ les Let’s go and have a
picnic in the woods.
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Unit 12
accident n /"&ksId@nt/ nehoda He had an
accident in his car.
amphora n / "&mf@r@/ amfora An amphora
is a Greek or Roman container.
amusing adj /@"mju;zIN/ zábavný His story
was very amusing.
ancient adj /eInSnt/ antický, starověký,
starobylý The city centre was full of ancient
monuments.
anger n /"&Ng@/ hněv, zlost, vztek He was
unable to control his anger.
Asian adj /eIZn/ asijský I love Asian food.
assemble v /@"sembl/ shromáždit, sestavit,
dát dohromady We have to assemble the bed
ourselves.
be off idiom /bi; "Qf/ jít, běžet; např. I’m off!
boil v /bOIl/ vařit se, být ve varu, vřít Boil
the pasta for about 10 minutes.
bottle n /bQtl/ láhev The bottle was empty.
by hand idiom /baI "h&nd/ ručně The letter
was delivered by hand.
camel n /"k&ml/ velbloud They made the
journey on a camel.
campaign n /k&m"peIn/ kampaň She has
been involved with the campaign for many years.
careful adj /"ke@fl/ pečlivý, opatrný,
důkladný, pozorný Be careful when you cross
the road!
cartoon n /kA;"tu;n/ kreslený film, kreslený
seriál např. v novinách The cartoon in the
magazine was very funny.
catch fire idiom /k&tS "faI@/ chytnout,
vzplanout, vznítit se Don’t go near the fire or
your jumper may catch fire!
catch v /k&tS/ chytnout, chytit; např. ‘chytit
vlak’ Which train are you catching?
cause n /kO;z/ příčina, důvod The bad
weather was the cause of the accident.
Central America n /sentr@l @"merIk@/ Střední
Amerika Costa Rica is a country in Central
America.
chemist n /"kemIst/ chemik, lékárník/
lékárnice He works as a chemist.
client n /"klaI@nt/ klient/klientka, zákazník/
zákaznice She is one of our most important
clients.
cloud n /klaUd/ oblak, mrak Look at the
clouds! I think it’s going to rain.
collect v /k@"lekt/ sbírat, sesbírat Can you
collect my watch while you are there?
commerce n /"kQm3;s/ obchod He was
engaged in commerce.
commercial adj /k@"m3;Sl/ obchodní,
komerční She is developing the commercial
side of the company.
controlled adj /k@n"tr@Uld/ řízený,
regulovaný He has to live in a very controlled
environment.
cork n /kO;k/ korkon, uzávěr The cork flew
out of the bottle and hit the wall.
current affairs n /kVr@nt @"fe@z/ nejnovější,
poslední události He tries to keep up-to-date
with current affairs.
danger n /"deIndZ@/ nebezpečí Some
animals are in danger of dying out.
discovery n /dIs"kVv@ri/ objev, objevení
They have made an important discovery in this
field.
driving n /"draIvIN/ řízení auta apod. Her
driving is terrible.
dry v /draI/ sušit se, osušit, schnout Where
can I dry my boots?
economical adj /i;k@"nQmIkl/ úsporný,
hospodárný It is more economical to buy the
bigger size.
engine n /"endZIn/ motor The engine just
stopped.
enjoyable adj /In"dZOI@bl/ příjemný,
radostný, přinášející radost We had a very
enjoyable evening.
entirely adv /In"taI@li/ úplně, naprosto,
zcela I entirely agree with you.
every … years idiom /evri "jI@z/ každých
… let I try to visit my daughter in Australia
every two years.
fashion n /"f&Sn/ móda Do you try to keep
up with the current fashion?
get together v /get t@"geD@/ setkat se, sejít
se; např. ‘všichni se scházejí’ We must get
together for a drink sometime.
goat n /g@Ut/ koza, kozel She kept a goat on
her farm.
graduate n /"gr&dZ"U@t/ absolvent/
absolventka She is a science graduate.
harmful adj /"hA;mf@l/ škodlivý Drinking
too much coffee can be harmful to your health.
heat v /hi;t/ hřát, ohřívat, rozehřát The fire
heated the room.
herbicide n /"h3;bIsaId/ herbicid, přípravek
na hubení plevele Some farmers don’t like to
use herbicides.
hi-tech adj /haI "tek/ hi-tech, vyrobený
podle nejnovějších technologií His flat was
very hi-tech.
hopeful adj /"h@Upfl/ nadějný, slibný, plný
naděje She is very hopeful of finding
somewhere to live soon.
hospitality n /hQspI"t&lIti/ pohostinnost
Thank you for your hospitality!
hug n /hVg/ objetí I gave her a hug.
hunger n /"hVNg@/ hlad Around a hundred
people die every day from hunger in the area.
impress v /Im"pres/ zapůsobit, působit
dojmem You must try and impress them at the
interview.
including prep /In"klu;dIN/ včetně It is $20
per night including breakfast.
insulation n /Insj@"leISn/ izolace The house
needed insulation in the roof.
invent v /In"vent/ vynalézt Who invented
the telephone?
knowledge n /"nQlIdZ/ znalosti, vědomosti
He has a wide knowledge on this topic.
knowledgeable adj /"nQlIdZ@bl/ dobře
informovaný, erudovaný She is very
knowledgeable about gardening.
latex n /"leIteks/ latex Her dress was made
of latex.
law n /lO;/ právo, zákon The new law says
that you can’t smoke in public places.
liquid n /"lIkwId/ tekutina, kapalina They
poured the liquid into the glass.
lose v /lu;z/ ztratit I’ve lost my bag!
machine n /m@"Si;n/ stroj The machine
didn’t accept my money.
mackintosh n /"m&kIntQS/ nepromokavý
plášť, plášť do deště She was wearing a
traditional mackintosh.
mark v /mA;k/ značit, označit, dát
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známku Prices are marked on the products. is finally here I can wear my sandals.
monk n /mVNk/ mnich The monk was praying smoking n /"sm@UkIN/ kouření Smoking in
silently. pubs is forbidden.
noise n /nOIz/ hluk, rámus, zvuk There was sparkling wine n /spA;klIN "waIn/ šumivé
no noise in the room. víno Some sparkling wine is as good as
oak n /@Uk/ dub The oak fell down due to the champagne.
bad wind. stage n /steIdZ/ fáze, etapa, bod ve
on the increase idiom /Qn Di "Inkri;s/ na vývoji The product is in the early stages of
vzestupu, mající vzestupnou tendenci Violent development.
crime is on the increase. stopper n /"stQp@/ zátka, uzávěr She put the
painful adj /"peInfl/ bolavý, bolestný, stopper into the bottle.
nepříjemný store v /stO;/ skladovat, uskladnit You can
Her arm was very painful after her fall. store tins of food for many years.
paint v /peInt/ malovat, namalovat, strange adj /streIndZ/ zvláštní, divný,
nabarvit She was learning to paint. neznámý, cizí She gave me a very strange
petroleum n /p@"tr@UlI@m/ ropa, nafta They look.
had to go very deep under the ground to find strictly business idiom /strIktli
the petroleum. "bIzn@s/ výhradně obchodně Our relationship
plastic n /"pl&stIk/ umělá hmota, plast The is strictly business.
cup was made of plastic. strip n /strIp/ pruh, pás Cut the piece of
port wine n /pO;t "waIn/ portské víno It is paper into strips.
nice to have a glass of port wine at the end of a supermarket n /"su;p@
meal. mA;kIt/ supermarket They have opened a new
process n, v /"pr@Uses/ proces, zpracování; supermarket.
zpracovat It was a long and difficult process. / supplier n /s@"plaI@/ dodavatel They are our
Most of the food we buy today is processed. biggest supplier.
raincoat n /"reInk@Ut/ plášť/kabát do synthetic adj /sIn"TetIk/ syntetický,
deště Her raincoat kept her dry. umělý Her shoes were actually synthetic.
remove v /rI"mu;v/ odstranit I asked him to totally adj /"t@Ut@li/ úplně, naprosto I’m
remove his things immediately. still not totally sure.
rent out v /rent "aUt/ pronajmout dům trade n /treId/ obchod Trade between the
apod. We’re going to rent out our house while two countries has increased.
we are away. treatment n /"tri;tm@nt/ péče, ošetření;
replace v /rI"pleIs/ nahradit, vyměnit What např. ‘kosmetické ošetření’ I go for regular
can we replace it with? treatments at the salon.
risk n /rIsk/ riziko The risk of catching the tyre n /"taI@/ pneumatika The tyre burst.
disease was greatly increased. unusual adj /Vn"ju;Zu@l/ neobvyklý,
rocket n /"rQkIt/ raketa The rocket rose nezvyklý, zvláštní She had a very unusual
quickly into the sky. accent.
roof n /ru;f/ střecha The roof needed to be vulcanization n /vVlk@
completely replaced. naI"zeISn/ vulkanizace Due to the process of
rub out v /rVb "aUt/ vymazat, vulcanization, the material was much stronger.
vygumovat She rubbed out her name. waterproof adj /"wO;t@
rubber n /"rVb@/ pryž, guma The ball is pru;f/ nepromokavý Her jacket was
made of rubber. waterproof.
sandal n /"s&ndl/ sandál Now that summer

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 INTERNATIONAL
EXPRESS
WO RKI NG Czech Companion
TRAVEL L I NG Slovníček a přehled
S O C IAL I Z I NG mluvnice v češtine

Pre-Intermediate

1 A000564

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