P2-S

Learners’ Portfolio Task Pack:

Group Presentations
Student’s Copy

SPRING 2023-2024
CDO
 TABLE of CONTENTS

TOPIC / SKILL PAGE

A. What makes a good presentation?

B. Parts of a presentation
PART 1 p/3-7
C. Greeting the audience and introducing yourself and your group members
D. Stating the topic, giving the presentation outline and stating the time limit

PART 2 Attention Grabbers p/8-9

A. Finishing the presentation

PART 3 B. Body language p/10-12
C. Guidelines for preparing visual aids (CANVA)

A. Narrowing down presentation topics

PART 4 p/13-17
B. Organizing information in a presentation

PART 5 Signposting p/18-20

PART 6 Mini Presentation Task 3 p/21

 PART 1

A. WHAT MAKES A GOOD PRESENTATION?

Task 1: Think back on the presentations you saw in the past. What made them interesting and strong, or uninteresting
and weak? Based on your own observations and experience, make a list of the essential characteristics of a good
presentation. Then, compare your list with a partner. How similar are your lists?

A good presentation should …

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Task 2: We will watch a video of a student deliver a presentation on two separate occasions. Take
notes on his weaknesses and strengths. Then, compare your answers with his classmates’
constructive criticism and the teacher’s feedback.

Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8eLdbKXGzk&ab_channel=ProjectIDEA

Student’s Weaknesses Student’s Strengths

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 B. PARTS OF A PRESENTATION
Task 3: Below is a list of parts that a presentation typically consists of. Read the bullet points carefully and put each one
in the correct category on the table.
a. Elaborating on your topic
b. Stating your topic, giving the presentation outline, stating your time limit
c. Finishing your presentation with a concluding sentence
d. Starting with an attention getting statement
e. Inviting audience questions and answering them
f. Giving examples and/or important details
g. Summarizing the most important ideas
h. Greeting the audience, introducing yourself

Beginning

Middle

End

C. GREETING THE AUDIENCE AND INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND YOUR GROUP MEMBERS
At the beginning of your presentation, you should greet the audience and introduce yourself by stating your name, your
university and finally your institute or faculty. Below are some sample greetings and introductory sentences.

Example 1: Hello friends. Welcome to our presentation. My name is Elif Kaya, and I’m a student at Istanbul Technical
University. My department is Mechanical Engineering.

Example 2: Good afternoon everybody. Thank you for coming to our presentation today. Firstly, we would like to
introduce ourselves. I am Zeynep Yılmaz. I am a student at Istanbul Technical University. After the English Prep School,
I will study Civil Engineering.

D. STATING THE TOPIC, GIVING THE PRESENTATION OUTLINE, AND STATING THE TIME LIMIT
In this section, you should state the exact topic of your presentation and explain it if it is a new or
unusual concept/subject for the audience. Next, you should provide an outline of the speech.
Lastly, you should also tell the audience how long your presentation will continue. Below are some
examples.

Example 1: OK. In our presentation today, we will talk about chocolate. We’ve divided our talk into three parts. I’ll
start by telling you about the history of chocolate. Next, Ali will discuss why chocolate is so popular in the world.
Finally, Beren is going to explain different kinds of chocolate. Our presentation will last about 10 minutes.

Example 2: Right. In this 12-minute-presentation, we’ll be explaining you some of the advantages and disadvantages
of living in big cities like Istanbul. Some of the advantages include employment opportunities, universities, and
hospitals. In contrast, the disadvantages include traffic, housing, and noise.

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 USEFUL LANGUAGE FOR OUTLINING

• We’ve broken our speech down/up into … parts.
• We’ve divided our presentation into … parts.
• We’ve divided our talk into … parts.
• Our presentation is divided into … parts.
• In the first part of our presentation/talk, we’re
going to talk about/discuss …
• We’ll start by telling you about …
• First/First of all, we’ll talk about …
• After that, we’ll tell you about …
• Next, we’ll discuss …
• In the next section, we will explain …
• In part two/three/four…., we’re going to show you ...
• In the second/third part, we’ll illustrate …
• Lastly, we would like to/want to ...
• In the last part, we’ll give you a general overview of ...
• Finally, we’re going to …

Task 4: Planning an introduction

Step 1: Choose one of the topics below, and complete the table.

1. Advantages of studying abroad

2. Impact of social media apps among youth
3. Reasons why university education must be free

Topic

Outline

Time

Step 2: Now, write a complete introduction to your presentation (greeting + introduce yourself + stating the topic +
outline and time) using your chart above.

Step 3: Now, get in groups of four and take turns presenting your introduction to your friends. When everyone has done
their part, give feedback on one another’s performances. What did your friends do well? What can they improve?

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 Division of Work in Group Presentations

Ø You will be presenting in groups of 3 or 4, which means you will need to share the parts among
yourselves fairly and make sure each presenter understands their roles and responsibilities.
Ø Transitions between different parts are especially important in group presentations.
Therefore, it is a good idea to have group meetings to decide what each person will talk about and the order in which
group members will be presenting.
Ø Below, you will find a suggested format of how to divide the work. You can choose this organization, or you can come
up with a different way of organizing your talk provided you include all the essential parts of presentations described
above (Task 3).

GROUPS OF THREE

Student 1 Student 2 Student 3

• Greet the audience • Thank your friend • Thank your friend
• Introduce yourself • [Signposting] • [Signposting]
• Invite the other group • Elaborate on your part • Elaborate on your part
members to introduce • Introduce the next speaker and • Signal conclusion
themselves state what he/she will talk • Summarize the main points
• State the topic, the outline of about • Invite questions
the talk and the time limit
• Start with an attention getting
statement
• Elaborate on your part
• Introduce the next speaker and
state what he/she will talk
about

GROUPS OF FOUR

Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4

• Greet the audience • Thank your friend • Thank your friend • Thank your friend
• Introduce yourself • [Signposting] • [Signposting] • [Signposting]
• Invite the other • Elaborate on your • Elaborate on your • Elaborate on your
group members to part part part
introduce themselves • Introduce the next • Introduce the next • Signal conclusion
• State the topic, the speaker and state speaker and state • Summarize the main
outline of the talk what he/she will talk what he/she will talk points
and the time limit about about • Invite questions
• Start with an
attention getting
statement
• Elaborate on your
part
• Introduce the next
speaker and state
what he/she will talk
about

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 Delivering a Successful Presentation: Important Reminders

1. Prepare well
ü Do not read from your notes.
ü Use relevant visuals & materials appropriately.
2. Do your research
ü Show a good understanding of the topic.
ü Demonstrate full knowledge by answering all questions with explanations and elaborations.
3. Organize your talk properly
ü Greet the audience, introduce yourself, use attention getting statements, state topic, and provide an outline.
ü Use transitions between topics effectively by means of signaling markers.
ü Summarize the content briefly, thank the audience, and answer their questions.
4. Pay attention to your language and pronunciation
ü Use a variety of level appropriate topic vocabulary and grammatical structures correctly.
ü Pronounce words correctly with correct stress and intonation.
5. Improve your delivery
ü Stand straight, look relaxed and confident.
ü Establish eye-contact with the audience.
ü Use gestures and hands effectively.
ü Speak clearly, confidently, fluently and at a good pace to ensure comprehension.

MINI PRESENTATION TASK 1

Ø Please form groups of three. Each of you will be assigned a different topic related to globalization from the list
below. Your task is to give a brief 2 to 3-minute presentation to your group members. Make sure to incorporate
the presentation components which were discussed in PARTS B, C, D and on page 7 “Delivering a Successful
Presentation: Important Reminders” and utilize the vocabulary items covered in the previous week. This exercise
will help you practice essential presentation skills. Get ready to shine in your presentations!
1. Global Foods: Talk about how food from different parts of the world has become popular in your country. Discuss
the impact on local eating habits.
2. Global Fashion Trends: Talk about how fashion trends from one part of the world influence clothing choices
globally.
3. Internet and Global Connections: Discuss how the Internet has made it easier for people around the world to
connect and share information.
4. International Holidays: Talk about how holidays from different cultures are celebrated globally.
5. Famous Global Brands: Discuss well-known global brands and how they have become popular in various countries.
6. Language Exchange: Talk about how learning and exchange of languages have become more accessible due to
globalization.
7. Global Sports Impact: Talk about how sports events like the Olympics bring people from different countries
together.
8. Cultural Festivals Worldwide: Talk about how cultural festivals are celebrated around the world and their
significance.
9. Global Travel Trends: Discuss how travel has become more accessible, and people from different countries explore
new places.

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 PART 2
ATTENTION GRABBERS
An attention-grabbing statement (or an attention-getter) is the device a speaker uses at the
beginning of a presentation to capture an audience's interest and make them want to hear
or learn more about the topic of the talk. There are various ways of attracting the audience’s
attention and keeping them engaged. Let us assume that your topic is about public
transport in Istanbul. Here are a few simple techniques you can use to grab the attendees’
attention:
1. Asking a question
Ø How many of you use public transport to get to school?
Ø How many of you use the Metrobus regularly to commute?
2. Using a quotation
Ø “One cannot understand a city without using its public transportation system,” is a widely used statement.
Ø The mayor of a major South American city said, “A developed country is not a place where the poor have cars; it's
where the rich ride public transportation.”
3. Giving interesting/surprising details/statistics
Ø Did you know that there are more than 5 million registered cars in Istanbul?
Ø According to the statistics released by the municipality, the average time that people spend commuting by public
transit in Istanbul, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 95 minutes.
4. Asking the audience to do something
Ø By a show of hands, how many of you walk to school?
Ø Raise your hand if you like riding the Metrobus.

Task 5: We will watch a YouTube video of some examples of attention getters.

Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_VvIr1KkLo

a) Where/on what kind of occasion does each person speak?

b) What strategy does each speaker use? Write down your answers in the spaces provided
below.
c) How do they make use of each strategy? Write down the specific jokes/anecdotes/quotes the
speakers utter.

1. Speaker 1 (Daniel Pink)

a) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Speaker 2 (Steve Jobs)

a) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Speaker 3 (Barack Obama)

a) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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4. Speaker 4 (A sports coach)
a) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Speaker 5 (Barack Obama)

a) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

MINI PRESENTATION TASK 2

Ø Please form groups of three. Each of you will be assigned a different topic related to education. Your task is to give
a brief 2 to 3-minute presentation to your group members. Make sure to incorporate the presentation components
you've discussed in class, use at least one attention grabbing technique and use the vocabulary items you covered
last week. This exercise will help you practice essential presentation skills. Get ready to shine in your presentations!

1. Benefits of Learning a Second Language: Discuss the advantages of learning a second language and how it can
open up opportunities in education and career.
2. The Importance of STEM Education: Explore the significance of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) education in today's world.
3. Online Learning vs. Traditional Classroom Learning: Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of
online learning and traditional classroom learning.
4. The Role of Teachers in Students' Lives: Discuss the impact teachers have on students and the importance of a
supportive educational environment.
5. School Uniforms: Pros and Cons: Explore the arguments for and against school uniforms and how they impact the
learning environment.
6. The Influence of Technology in Education: Discuss how technology has changed the way students learn and the
role it plays in modern education.
7. The Importance of Extracurricular Activities: Talk about the benefits of participating in extracurricular activities
and how they contribute to a well-rounded education.
8. The Value of Homework: Explore the role of homework in the educational process and discuss its advantages and
potential drawbacks.
9. Promoting Diversity in Education: Explore the importance of diversity in schools and how it contributes to a more
inclusive and enriching educational experience.

GENERAL TOPICS / THEMES FOR PRESENTATIONS

Choose from wider themes given below to determine the general topic of your presentation and submit this to your
instructor along with the names of your group members.

1. Globalization 9. The Internet / Social Media

2. Education 10. Animals
3. Medicine / Medical Science / Health 11. Transportation
4. The Environment 12. Custom and Traditions
5. Music / Musicians 13. Discovery and Inventions
6. Architecture 14. Fashion
7. Engineering 15. Economics
8. Art and Design 16. Other topics of their choice

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 PART 3

A. FINISHING THE PRESENTATION

A good conclusion in a presentation has three important functions:

1. Signal and provide closure: You should give your audience the message that your talk is
complete.
“And that brings us to the end of our talk …”
2. Summarize your presentation: You should provide a summary of the major points in your speech. For the summary
part, it might be useful to refer back to the outline you give at the beginning.
“In our presentation today, we have talked about …”
3. Make a good final impression: Your conclusion should grab the audience’s attention. You can end your speech by
referring back to your opening, with a relevant quotation, asking a question or telling the audience what to do.

Some common mistakes to avoid in the conclusion:

ü Going over the time limit
ü Repeating the details you have already talked about in your presentation – i.e., rambling
ü Adding new ideas or points in the end
ü Ending abruptly without a summary

USEFUL LANGUAGE TO CONCLUDE A PRESENTATION

Task 6: Below is some useful language we use to signpost different sections in the conclusion. Categorize them (A, B, C,
D) according to which section each would be best used.
A. Concluding Sentence C. Thanking the Audience
B. Summary D. Questions / Comments

1. ____ I’d be happy to answer any questions …

2. ____ If there are any questions, please feel free to ask …
3. ____ To sum up, today I have covered three areas …
4. ____ In conclusion, as we have seen …
5. ____ And that brings me to the end of my presentation.
6. ____ Now, I’d like to go over the main ideas again …
7. ____ That’s all from me. Any questions?
8. ____ Thanks for your attention!
9. ____ In light of what I have presented today, I suggest that …
10. ____ To conclude now, let me remind you of my main points …
11. ____ My final comment concerns …
12. ____ I’d like to finish by reminding everyone that …
13. ____ If there are any suggestions or comments, please feel free to share …
14. ____ Now I’d like to invite any questions or comments …
15. ____ Thank you so much for coming!
16. ____ I’ll be happy to take questions now …
17. ____ Right. Thank you very much for coming!

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Task 7: We will watch a video by Brian Tracy, a public speaking expert, discussing some effective ways to
end a speech. Answer the questions below according to the information in the video.
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EucZKuqaVEE&ab_channel=BrianTracy

1. Carefully chosen, your final words can cause your audience to _______, _______ and _______ differently.
2. It is your first words which are the message that your audience remembers the longest. True or False?
3. What are the four effective ways to end a talk as described by Tracy?

a) _________________________
b) _________________________
c) _________________________
d) _________________________

ü Follow-up Task – Group Discussion

1. In your opinion, which of the four methods Tracy suggests is the most effective one to end a presentation?
2. What might be some other ways of finishing a presentation on a strong note?

B. USING BODY LANGUAGE EFFECTIVELY

Body language: People use body language without thinking to communicate with
others. We are also constantly dropping clues about what is going on in our heads,
sometimes without even knowing it.

Tone of voice: Emotions are often given away not so much by what people are saying
but by how they say it. For example, speaking loudly in short sentences can show
aggression, but speaking gently and smiling can express a caring attitude.

Some ways to improve your body language:

ü Don’t cross your arms or legs ü Don’t touch your face
ü Make eye contact, but don’t stare ü Keep your head up
ü Don’t be afraid to take up some space ü Slow down a bit
ü Relax your shoulders ü Don’t fidget
ü Nod when listening ü Use your hands more confidently
ü Don’t slouch; sit up straight ü Lower your notes
ü Lean, but not too much ü Don’t stand too close
ü Smile and laugh ü Keep a good attitude

Task 8: Watch the YouTube video of two people delivering a presentation. Pay attention to their body
language. What are some of the problems?
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1qDNTG9lg0&t=39s&ab_channel=PolyUELC

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 C. GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING VISUAL AIDS USING CANVA

ü Use “horizontal” orientation,

ü Do not overcrowd your slides; slides are supplementary – should not contain your entire speech,
ü Include key points/keywords – not entire sentences,
ü Be careful with animations – stick to the subtle and professional ones,
ü Use high-resolution images,
ü Make sure that texts and images align; your slides should look tidy and well-organized,
ü Color is important - do not go for bright colors; stick to pastels,
ü Choose a consistent color-scheme that CANVA offers,
ü Choose your fonts well - some good ones to use are Arial, Calibri, and Gill Sans MT,
ü Do not use fonts smaller than 26,
ü Finally, have a friend proofread your slides before your presentation to make sure there are no spelling or
grammar mistakes.

Here is a video tutorial on how to use CANVA for preparing presentations:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtjduJ1BQTM&ab_channel=ThomasGaretz

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 PART 4

A. NARROWING DOWN YOUR PRESENTATION TOPIC

When you have an overall subject to pursue, your next task is to narrow the topic and focus
on it. You want to narrow your topic so that you can explore it in detail. This will enable
you to better determine the specific direction of your presentation and the research you
will conduct on your topic. Also, remember that your presentations will be 10-12 minutes
long; that is why it would be a good idea to focus on a topic that is as specific as possible.

A good strategy to follow to narrow down a broad topic is to ask some guiding questions. Here are two examples:

EXAMPLE 1

Topic from Broad to Narrow Guiding Questions

Education
↓ Where?
Education in Turkey
↓ What level?
University Education in Turkey
↓ What subject/aspect?
English Language Teaching in Universities in Turkey
↓ Perspective?
Strengths of English Language Teaching in Universities in Turkey

EXAMPLE 2

Topic from Broad to Narrow Guiding Questions

Social Media Apps

↓ Which one?
Social Media Apps: Instagram
↓ Who?
Use of Instagram Among Teenagers
↓ What aspect?
Impact of Using Instagram on Teenagers’ Mental Health
↓ Perspective?
Negative effects of Instagram on Teenagers’ Mental Health

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Task 9: Work with a partner. Using some guiding questions, narrow down the general topic that is given on top of the
table below. The final topic should be as specific as possible.

Topic from Broad to Narrow Guiding Questions

Music
↓

GRADED TASK 1: Get in your groups and use the space below to narrow down the broad presentation topic
you have chosen. Use the guiding question (e.g., Where? / Who / For whom? / What aspect / From which
perspective?) as shown in the two examples given below. When everyone in the group agrees on the final
version, submit your narrowed down topic to your teacher and get feedback.

Topic from Broad to Narrow Guiding Questions

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 B. ORGANIZING INFORMATION IN A PRESENTATION

Understanding the organization in a presentation can help the audience understand the
development of the speaker’s ideas. One effective way of organizing the information and ideas in
a presentation is preparing a detailed outline. An outline is a general plan of the features you will
include in a presentation.

What is a presentation outline?

Ø A presentation outline is a synopsis of a talk or pitch. This summarizes what someone plans to share with their
audience members. Presenters often use these prior to writing a draft for their speech since it can help them organize
their thoughts. Presentation outlines also help speakers gather information to present their ideas. They are useful ways
to show the connection between main points, specific examples, and details. In short, presentation outlines give you the
ability to organize your thoughts and create a logical flow in your discussion.

Why should you create a presentation outline?

Ø Presentation outlines can help you prepare for your speech or pitch. They give you a clear path to transition your
audience from their current status to where you want them to be. Other advantages of using a presentation outline
include:
- saving time by helping you brainstorm your presentation,
- helping structure ideas so they flow and appear in a logical order,
- determining what ideas to keep in your presentation,
- grouping ideas into main points to create separate slides,
- assisting you in your presentation rehearsal by going over main points,
- providing a visual aid to look at during your presentation.

PRESENTATION OUTLINE CHECKLIST

Your presentation outlines should …

- ☐ start with your narrowed down topic written on top of the document.
- ☐ include main ideas that are stated clearly in complete sentences.
- ☐ present at least two supporting details for each main idea.
- ☐ include specific examples that would elucidate the main and supporting ideas.
- ☐ state the names of the speakers that will present each section (i.e., main idea).

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Task 10: Below is an outline of a presentation on the topic “effects of and solutions to habitat destruction caused by
natural and human factors.” In your groups, read the outline carefully. Then, match the parts in the box below (1-6) with
the gaps in the outline (a-f).

1. Efforts by WWF – white Rhinoceros saved from extinction

2. Humans have come up with some solutions to environmental destruction.
3. Humans are also responsible for habitat destruction.
4. 1985 volcanic eruption in Colombia
5. Principles of ecotourism
6. Animals that live in cities alongside humans in Asia

TOPIC Effects of and solutions to habitat destruction caused by natural and human factors
Earth is always changing. 10,000 years ago, half of Earth was covered in ice; now only 10%
INTRODUCTION
of our planet is covered in ice. Changes to the environment can be due to both natural and
(BACKGROUND INFORMATION)
human causes.
I. MAIN IDEA Natural forces can cause destruction to the environment.
A. Supporting Detail Volcanic eruptions can cause extensive damage in surrounding areas.
a. Example Ø 1991 volcanic eruption in the Philippines
b. Example Ø a. ________
B. Supporting Detail Destructive impact of tsunamis can reach thousands of kilometers.
a. Example Ø 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami near Indonesia
b. Example Ø 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan
II. MAIN IDEA b. ________
A. Supporting Detail There have been drastic changes to land caused by deforestation.
a. Example Ø Impact on rainforests
b. Example Ø Land modification around Europe
B. Supporting Detail Fragmentation affects habitats and movement of animals.
a. Example Ø Biodiversity loss – the Colombia spotted frog
b. Example Ø Effects on migration routes of animals
III. MAIN IDEA Animals have adapted in various ways to environmental changes caused by humans.
A. Supporting Detail Animals that live in cities alongside humans in North America.
a. Example Ø Coyotes in Chicago and San Francisco
b. Example Ø Raccoons in central Pennsylvania
B. Supporting Detail c. ________
a. Example Ø Singaporean wild monkeys
b. Example Ø Leopards in Mumbai, India
IV. MAIN IDEA d. ________
A. Supporting Detail There are extensive international conservation efforts.
a. Example Ø e. ________
b. Example Ø Giant Panda conservation efforts in China
B. Supporting Detail Ecotourism is considered by some people to have a positive environmental impact.
a. Example Ø f. ________
b. Example Ø Types of ecotourism
Earth is constantly impacted by forces of natural and human activity. Both these factors
have had destructive effects on habitats, and animals have had to adapt to these changes.
CONCLUSION Although most of us think, as humans, we only bring damage to our world; there have also
been many positive effects of human activity on nature.

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 GRADED TASK 2: Now that you have decided on your narrowed down topic and discussed how to organize
your presentation, you will prepare and submit a detailed outline of your presentation. Complete the table on
the next page with the main ideas, details and examples that will be included in your talk.
If you are a group of 3, write down 3 main ideas (one for each person to present); if you are a group of 4,
write down 4 main ideas.

PRESENTATION OUTLINE
GROUP MEMBERS: __________________________________________________________________________

TOPIC:
I. Main Idea 1 (Speaker’s Name: ________________)

A. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
B. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
II. Main Idea 2 (Speaker’s Name: ________________)

A. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
B. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
III. Main Idea 3 (Speaker’s Name: ________________)

A. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
B. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
IV. Main Idea 4 (Speaker’s Name: ________________)

A. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:
B. Detail:
a. Example:
b. Example:

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 PART 5
SIGNPOSTING
What is “signposting”?
Ø Speakers signpost by using transitional words and phrases in lectures and presentations. This helps them guide the
listener through what they are saying now and what they will say next. You can use signposting throughout your talk
to help the audience understand the talk’s structure, such as when you are giving an example, starting a new topic,
or giving a conclusion. Here are some examples of signposting language:

o To give an example: For example; To illustrate

o To start a new topic: Next; Now I’m going to talk about …
o To conclude: In conclusion; To sum up

Task 11: Read the sentences below. Match the signposting phrases with their functions.

1. But what does this mean for the rest of the world? ____
2. To put it in another way, we will all be affected. ____
3. Moving on to the typical desert environment, … ____
4. A good example of this is Egyptian cotton. ____
5. That’s all I have to say on that point. ____
6. Let’s begin by looking at background information. ____
7. To summarize, deserts are not only important to the people who live in them ... ____
8. The topic of my talk is the decline and destruction of the world’s deserts. ____

a. introducing the topic e. querying and analyzing

b. giving an overview f. giving examples
c. finishing a section g. paraphrasing and clarifying
d. starting a new section h. summarizing and concluding

Task 12: Listen to a public speaking expert talk about signposting and answer the questions below.

Video link: https://youtu.be/msJqZ5yCAPo

1. Check the statements that are correct:
Ø Signposts and transition statements are important because:
a. you want your audience to be able to follow exactly what you're talking about,
b. your audience will be able to prepare more effective questions to ask you in the end,
c. they will help you remember the order of your main points,
d. if your audience gets confused on what point you're on, they're not going to remember
what you said,
e. your instructor will be impressed by your speech.

2. Four tips for signposts and transition statements:

a. First tip: __________________________ c. Third tip: __________________________
b. Second tip: ________________________ d. Fourth tip: _________________________

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Section of Presentation
Introducing the topic
Overview (outline of presentation)
Finishing a section
Starting a new section
Analyzing a point and giving
recommendations
Giving examples
Summarizing and concluding
SIGNPOSTING LANGUAGE
Signpost Language
The subject/topic of my talk is ...
I'm going to talk about ...
My topic today is …
My talk is concerned with ...
I’m going to divide this talk into four parts.
There are a number of points I'd like to make.
Basically/Briefly, I have three things to say.
I'd like to begin/start by ...
Let's begin/start by ...
First of all, I'll ...
… and then I’ll go on to …
Then/Next ...
Finally/Lastly ...
That's all I have to say about ...
We've looked at ...
So much for ...
Moving on now to …
Turning to ...
Let’s turn now to …
The next issue/topic/area I’d like to focus on is …
I’d like to expand/elaborate on …
Now, we'll move on to ...
I'd like now to discuss ...
Let's now look at ...
Where does that lead us?
Let's consider this in more detail ...
What does this mean for...?
Translated into real terms ...
Why is this important?
The significance of this is ...
For example, ...
A good example of this is ...
As an illustration, ...
To give you an example, ...
To illustrate this point ...
To sum up ...
To summarize ...
Right, let's sum up, shall we?
Let's summarize briefly what we've looked at ...
If I can just sum up the main points ...
Finally, let me remind you of some of the issues we've covered ...
To conclude ...
In conclusion ...
In short ...
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Paraphrasing and clarifying
Invitation to discuss / ask questions
https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/business/talkingbusiness/unit3presentations/expert.shtml
So, to remind you of what I’ve covered in this talk, …
Unfortunately, I seem to have run out of time, so I’ll conclude very briefly
by saying that …
I'd now like to recap ...
Simply put ...
In other words …
So what I’m saying is …
To put it more simply …
To put it another way …
I’m happy to answer any queries/questions.
Does anyone have any questions or comments?
Please feel free to ask questions.
If you would like me to elaborate on any point, please ask.
Would you like to ask any questions?
Any questions?
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 PART 6

MINI PRESENTATION TASK 3

Get in your presentation groups and choose one of the topics below to prepare a mini-presentation (6-8 minutes).
Brainstorm some main ideas to mention when giving the presentation outline.

Each group member should have a section to speak on during practice. Assign a role to each group member from the list
below.

1. Greeting & Introduction

2. Stating the topic & time limit & outline
3. Attention getting statement
4. Background information

Topic 5: Ways to have affordable and healthy food as

Topic 1: Reasons why Internet censorship is a bad idea
a university student
Topic 6: Overcoming shyness in social situations: some
Topic 2: How to get over a bad breakup
tips for university students

Topic 3: Reasons why Facebook has been abandoned Topic 7: Disadvantages of studying at a university
by youth and invaded by our parents located in Istanbul
Topic 4: Reasons why people shouldn’t trust social Topic 8: Effective stress management strategies for
media influencers university students

You can use the space below for planning and brainstorming.

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