It is a Relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction is described by a formula.

Snells law

the process of separating colors from light by diffraction or refraction and creating a spectrum

Dispersion

a technique for figuring out how waves or particles would travel through a system with different
propagation speeds, absorption properties, and reflecting surfaces

Ray Tracing

examines light's behavior and characteristics, particularly how it interacts with matter and how to build
tools to use or detect it.

Optics

the angle of the reflected ray is identical to the angle of the incident ray upon reflection from a smooth
surface

the law of reflection

a surface that reflects almost all incident light

mirror

What are the two types of mirrors that exist?

Spherical and plane mirror

Additional categories for spherical mirrors include

Convex and concave

 a mirror with a curved shape, the reflecting surface of which is on the inside. It features an inwardly
curved surface that resembles the interior surface of a hollow sphere.

Concave mirror

This are found in a huge array of optical instruments, ranging from a simple
magnifying glass to the eye to a camera’s zoom.

Lenses

Is Snell's Law only for solid materials?

No

Which direction will light bend (towards or away from the normal) if the index of
refraction for the second material in the interface is higher than the first? Why?
1. The transmitted angle will be smaller than the incident angle. So the light will
bend towards the normal. This is because the a higher index of refraction in the
second material causes a decrease in the speed of the light in the second
material.

for a material, the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to that in the material
Index of Refraction

changing of a light ray’s direction when it passes through variations in matter

Refraction

Determine the image distance and image height for a 5.00-cm tall object placed 45.0
cm from a concave mirror having a focal length of 15.0 cm.

Answer: di = 22.5 cm and hi = -2.5 cm

Use 1/f = 1/do + 1/di where f = 15 cm and do = 45 cm

Then use hi / ho = - di / do where ho = 5 cm, do = 45 cm, and di = 22.5 cm

NOTE: this is "Case 1"