Name: Yogavathany a/p Maihandaran

ID:110322

QUESTION 1

Managers should be interested in their employees’ attitudes because attitudes influence behavior and
indicate potential problems. Creating a satisfied workforce is hardly a guarantee of successful
organizational performance, but evidence strongly suggests that managers’ efforts to improve employee
attitudes will likely result in positive outcomes, including greater organizational effectiveness, higher
customer satisfaction, and increased profits.

a) Explain THREE (3) components of attitude. Provide example to support your answer. (10 marks)

The three components of an attitude are cognition, affect, and behavior. Firstly, cognition. A
description of or belief in the way things are. For example, my supervisor gave a promotion to a
co-worker who deserved it less than me. My supervisor is unfair. Secondly, affect. The
emotional or feeling segment of an attitude For example, I dislike my supervisor! Thirdly,
behavior. An intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something. For example,
I’m looking for other work; I’ve complained about my supervisor to anyone who would listen.

b) Compare and contrast job satisfaction, job engagement, and organizational commitment.

Job satisfaction is a one of the most commonly studied organizational outcomes in the field of
OB. Job satisfaction reflects our attitudes and feelings about our job. A collection of positive
and/or negative feelings that an individual holds toward his or her job. The factors that have the
greatest influence on job satisfaction: the work itself, attitudes, values, and personality. Job
satisfaction. The work itself has the largest influence on job satisfaction. If you do not like the
work you are doing, it is hard to satisfy with your job. If co-workers are unhappy and dissatisfied
with their jobs, new hires are more likely to be dissatisfied than if they regularly interact with
happy and satisfied co-workers. Job satisfaction attitudes and values about work also influence
job satisfaction. After that, organizational commitment. Organizational commitment reflects the
degree to which an employee identifies with the organization and its goals and wants to stay with
the organization. There are three ways we can feel committed to an employer. There are affective
commitment normative commitment continuance commitment. Finally, employee engagement.
An individual’s involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the organization.
Engaged employees give their full effort to their jobs, often going beyond what is required
because they passionate about the firm and about doing their jobs well. Disengaged workers do
not perform close to their potential capability, lacking the emotional and motivational
connections to their employer that drive discretionary effort.
QUESTION 2 Communication plays an important role in bridging the organizational members for
delivering shared goals. Managers spend approximately 40% of their time communicating with others in
their jobs.

Explain and provide a workplace example for each of the following communication situations:

i. Oral communication in downward flowing direction.

Communication that flows from one level of a group or organization to a lower level is
downward communication. When a sales manager holds a sales meeting to explain new products
or to motivate the team, he is using downward flowing oral communication.

ii. Written communication in upward flowing direction

Upward communication flows to a higher level in the group or organization. It's used to provide
feedback to higher-ups, inform them of progress toward goals, and relay current problems. A
monthly status report from a project manager sent to his department director is an example of
upward flowing written communication.

iii. Nonverbal communication in lateral flowing direction.

When communication takes place among members of the same work group, members of work
groups at the same level, managers at the same level, or any other horizontally equivalent
workers, we describe it as lateral communication. Nonverbal communication includes body
movements, the intonations or emphasis we give to words, facial expressions, and the physical
distance between the sender and receiver. When two programmers confer on the best way to
crack a code for a common project, they are engaging in oral-lateral communication. If one of
them shows a puzzled face or raises an eyebrow at the other's suggestion that is an example of
nonverbal lateral communication.

iv. Grapevine
These normally are complaints from employees that need the attention of top level management
for resolution.