1

1 The diagram shows a warning marker floating on the surface of a lake.

The marker is attached by a metal chain to a heavy object on the bottom of the lake.

The diagram shows the forces acting on the marker at one moment in time.

Calculate the resultant force on the marker.

30
resultant force = .............................................. N
upwards
direction = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

2 An object is moving in a straight line at constant speed. A resultant force begins to act upon the
object.
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(a) State the ways in which the force may change the motion of the object.
the resultant force will cause the object to either accelerate, decelerate,
...........................................................................................................................................
change speed, or change directions
...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) State one other effect a force could have on the object.
change in shape
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

3 (a) State Hooke’s Law.

Force (F) equals constant (k) times displacement / change in length (x)
...........................................................................................................................................
F = kx
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) For forces up to 120 N, a spring obeys Hooke’s Law.

A force of 120 N causes an extension of 64 mm.

(i) On the diagram, draw the force-extension graph for the spring for loads up to 120 N.

[1]
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(ii) Calculate the spring constant k of the spring.

0.8 N/m
k = ......................................................... [2]

(c) A student makes a spring balance using the spring in (b). The maximum reading of this balance
is 150 N.

The student tests his balance with a known weight of 140 N. He observes that the reading of
the balance is not 140 N.

Suggest and explain why the reading is not 140 N.

...........................................................................................................................................
because the spring only obeys hooke's law up until 120N, so he cannot measure
...........................................................................................................................................
objects over 120N.
........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

4 The diagram shows the load-extension graphs for two springs, A and B.

(a) Determine the extension of spring A for a load of 10 N.

12.5
extension = .............................................. mm [1]

(b) State which spring is easier to stretch and give a reason for your answer.

B
spring ................................................................................................................................
because it is less steep than spring A on the graph
reason ...............................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]
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[Total: 3]

5 The diagram shows the vertical forces that act on a large plastic ball as it is falling.

(not to scale)

(a) State the name given to each of the forces shown in the diagram.

air resistance
1. .......................................................................................................................................
gravity
2. ....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Calculate the size of the resultant force on the ball.

0.9
resultant force = ........................... N [1]

[Total: 2]
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6 A free-fall parachutist jumps from a helium balloon, but does not open his parachute for some time.

The figure shows the speed-time graph for his fall. Point B indicates when he opens his parachute.

speed
A B

C D

0
0 time

A second parachutist of the same size and mass jumps from the balloon with a larger parachute.
He also opens his parachute at point B.

On the figure, sketch a possible speed-time graph for his fall after he opens his parachute. [3]

[Total: 3]

7 A toy car is rolling down a slope.The figure shows the total forward force and the total backward
force acting on the car.

16 N

12 N

(a) Calculate the resultant force on the car.

4
size of force = ....................................................... N
uphill
direction of force = ................................................................. [2]
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(b) What will be the effect of this resultant force on the car’s motion?

...........................................................................................................................................
the car would accelerate uphill
........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 4]

8 At a party, three balloons are filled with a gas less dense than air. The balloons are tied to an empty
drink can. The can floats, without moving, in the air above a table, as shown in the figure on the
left.

The figure on the right represents the vertical forces acting on the can as it floats in the air.

In terms of the vertical forces acting on the can, explain why the can does not rise or fall.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]