Gh’ ons are based on fuel materials used, types , of cores, moderat ctors in operation nowadays are with some estilo ce 3. reactor (BWR) (©) Liquid metal cooled reactor (LMCR) (@) Can deuterium uranium (CANDU) reactor (e) Gas cooled reactor @ Fast breeder reactor _ @) Pressurised water reactor (PWR): _Thefpressurised water is used as coolant, moderator eS pre eae is maintained ata pressure, high enough to prevent bulk boiling See seh lightly enriched uranium is used as el) Figure 1.13 shows a simplified ematic diagram of a PWR power generating unit(PWR is a cheap and compact versi but operates at low thermal efficiency (~ 20%)) ) ow eer i Basic parts of @ chromatograph wit Carrier gas | Temperature controlled column ( Figure 3.44 Block diagram of a gas chromatograph. The continu i ious supply of carrier gas (normally Nz, Ar or He) forms the mob Carrier gas is passed from a cylit fl Carrier -ylinder through pressui ma ire and 2 ee i ube sample gas injected along with it through the ae ey oa a mechanism. The sample mixes with carrier gas and passes a Lisi ing rough chromatothe sample gas moves with carrier . me column is maintained at a temperatu: nts before reaching the detector at the ve rd the chromatogram. to reco Chromatograph: There are differe; ion of different constituents takes Instrumentation and Control in Air Fuel Cirewit the heart of the chromatograp! Nt is here the tetardati B 8as (mobite phase) along the solid stationary te which decides the delay of different end of the column. The detector and recorder nt types of liquid chromatographs available ally. In this section we will bri i romat inercially Intl s section will briefly dis, ‘high pi iquis P (HPLC) which is similar to gas chron sea So od ough a column along with liquid mobile pha: getected at the end of the column. Figure 3.45 sho liquid chromatograph. Here the liquid sample is forced se and the components are physically separate Sample injector ws a simplified block diagram of Detector Solvents- mobile phase High pressure pump HPLC colum n Recorder Figure 3.45 Block diagram of a liquid chromatograph. __ The liquid mobile phase is forced into HPLC column, by h is then cart! iector injects sample into the column whic fomponents of the sample are physically separa ia Phase. The detector senses these com| YS and then recorded. eal ponents as U a high pressure pump. The sample ied by the mobile phase liquid, The ted in the column during their passage along the hey come out with associated time ‘