RESPONSE

TO
EMERGENCY
SITUATIONS
Amelyn D. Sadang
LEARNING 1. Recognize and evaluate
emergency situations.
OUTCOMES
2. Act appropriately to
emergency situations.
3. Follow emergency response
procedures.
4. As help in emergency
situations from pertinent
authority personnel.
5. Record action undertaken I
response to emergency
situations.

2
 WHAT I KNOW?
1. True or False. The presence of a deranged person
can be considered as an emergency situation in a
group tour.
2. True or False. It is not recommended for
emergency ambulance call taker to give medical
advice over the telephone to assist with the
patients needs until the ambulance arrives.
3. True or False. Where there has been a need to
respond to an emergency situations, it is a
standard practice to complete nominated
documentation to record the event and the action
taken.

Sample Footer Text 3

 Words to
Remember

Compounding factors to safety

are anything which could
multiply the danger and make
the existing situation potentially
worse.

Potable means a water source

fit for human consumption.
 A. IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

• Quick Responses to emergency situations are essential in

every instances.
• Employers and customers will expect tour guides and
tour leaders to know what to do when an emergency
arises and to take appropriate and effective action to
protect them and their assets/property.

Sample Footer Text 5

Assessing a situation is
undertaken in order to
determine the course of
action/response to take
implement.

6
The assessment should take into account:

• The circumstances applying at the time-

✓ Type/nature of emergency;
✓ Immediacy of risk/threat;
✓ Number of people at risk;
✓ Physical/geographical location of risk/threat;
✓ Presence of compounding factors
✓ Action already been undertaken to respond and address the emergency.

7
The assessment should take into account:

• Resources available to assist.

✓ Physical resources immediately available to respond;

✓ Local authorities with professional expertise; and
✓ Type and number of first responders.

8
The assessment should take into account:

• Experience with the area and/or emergency type:

✓ Training undertaken to provide experience with;

responding to the emergency being encountered; and
✓ Previous experience with similar emergencies under
similar conditions.

9
The assessment should take into account:

• Knowledge of the Emergency Action/ Management Plan

available to deal with the emergency type which has
materialized
✓ Knowledge o evacuation routes;
✓ Knowledge about emergency response equipment;
✓ Ability to implement standard procedures;
✓ Ability to implement standard procedures;
✓ Capacity of customers to comply; and
✓ Extent to which the plan correlates to the facts of the emergency
as they are presenting themselves.
10
 In general, assessing an emergency situation must
involve:
• Giving the situation immediate attention;
• Determining potential impact of the event;
• Determining extent of the emergency situation; and
• Sourcing relevant and up to-date information about the
emergency.

Sample Footer Text 11

B. Actions to Take in Response to
Emergency Situations

Determining action to take in

response to emergency situations
refers to working out what to do in
order to secure the safety of tour
group members.

12
 Action to take after emergencies have been assessed may
include but not limited to, the following:
• Contacting emergency services
• Initiating alarms or directing others to do so;
• Communicating with tour group members;
• Taking immediate protective measures to ensure that no one is
placed in danger and safety of persons always takes priority over
security/safety of property/assets.
• Undertaking first response/first attack activities such as initial
firefighting/suppression;
• Removing assets, property, and belonging out of danger;
• Seek feedback from customers; and
• Following the actions as set out in appropriate prepared emergency
management plans and/or contingency plans.
Sample Footer Text 13
 C. EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PROCEDURES

Standard operating procedures for

responding to emergency
situations on tour will require
following established emergency
response procedures.

14
 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

i. BOMB THREAT

When receiving a bomb threat over the telephone, the call must be
handled in a calm and concise manner, ensuring a lot of open
questions are asked.

Sample Footer Text 15

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:
ii. DISTURBED AND UNSTABLE PEOPLE

• Dealing with the situation personally in the first instance;

• Contacting a supervisor;
• Contacting in-house security staff and asking them to deal with
the situation;
• Removing tour group members from the area;
• Restricting access to the area by others; and
• Protecting property damage.

Sample Footer Text 16

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iii. ROBBERIES OR ARMED HOLDUPS

• Immediately obey the directions given by the offender;
• Instruct other tour members to do likewise;
• Do not try to stall robbers-respond quickly to what they
want;
• Give them money/what they want;
• Speak only when spoken to; and
• Do not look/stare at the offender/s.

Sample Footer Text 17

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iii. ROBBERIES OR ARMED HOLDUPS

Try to remember anything which may be future use of authorities-
such as:
• Appearances of offenders;
• Names they used when talking t each others;
• Accents, tattoos, distinguishing features;
• How they were dressed; and
• Vehicle they used to make their getaway.

Sample Footer Text 18

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iii. ROBBERIES OR ARMED HOLDUPS

After the robbery:
• Call the police immediately;
• Do not touch anything;
• Take a moment to write down anything believed to be worthwhile
regarding the offense/ the offenders.
• Gather together as many witnesses as possible;
• Never discuss with anyone how much money was stolen or what
offenses were committed.

Sample Footer Text 19

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iv. Natural calamities

There are wide variety f potential natural calamities which

may create emergency situations for trips or tours.

Sample Footer Text 20

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iv. Natural calamities

• Extreme weather;
• Excess high or unexpected low temperature;
• Earthquakes;
• Tsunamis;
• Bushfires/wild fires; and
• Smog and smoke haze.

Sample Footer Text 21

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iv. Personally injury and illness

There are a number of reasons why a medical emergency
might occur:
• Injury as a result of an accidental, fall, or trip;
• Injury as a result of an emergency incident;
• Due to a medical condition.s

Sample Footer Text 22

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:
iv. Loss of food/water
The location and timing of the loss will determine the actin
to take- indicative response include:
• Explain situation to tour group members;
• Secure any remaining supplies;
• Ration food and water according to reserved available;
• Ask local for help;
• Seel local options for sourcing basic necessities and
make necessary purchases using cash or credit;

Sample Footer Text 23

 Some possible emergency management plan (EMP)
contents are as follows:

iv. Loss of food/water

The location and timing of the loss will determine the actin
to take- indicative response include:
• Advise head office of situation;
• Adjust itinerary to accommodation situation;
• Control release, issue, and use of remaining food and
water;
• Monitor remaining supply levels.

Sample Footer Text 24

 D. Assistance to
Facilitate Response to
Emergency Situations
rom Relevant Personnel

Sample Footer Text 25

 How to seek assistance in an emergency;

• Using personal cell phone or one belonging to tur group

member;
• Using landline phone;
• Using an emergency telephone;
• Using portable radio;
• Activating an emergency alarm;
• Speaking with bystanders/members of the public;
• Going to relevant website;
• Sending an email.

Sample Footer Text 26

 E. Record Action
Undertaken in
Response to Emergency
Situations

Sample Footer Text 27

 Reports may be/are needed to:

• Document the event in case there is legal action;

• Support an insurance claim; and
• Learn from incidents.

Sample Footer Text 28

 Record Action Undertaken in Response to Emergency
Situations

i. Reporting methods
• Answer questions to the best of personal knowledge and ability;
• Try to avoid supposition;
• Verbal reports enable quicker follow up to occur;
• Inspections of the site are often required;
• Initial verbal reports may require more formal, more detailed follow
up written reports.

Sample Footer Text 29

 Record Action Undertaken in Response to Emergency
Situations

ii. Written Reports

The following may need to provide for an incident report;
▪ People involved;
▪ Cause of emergency
▪ Roles played by tour group members an others;
▪ Details of use of relevant EMPs;
▪ The effectiveness of the response; and
▪ Suggestions for improvements to the EMP based on experience from the
event.

Sample Footer Text 30

 THANK YOU!

Sample Footer Text 31