A

Agreement – the Crude Oil Sales / Purchase Contract of which these specific provisions agreed
between Buyer and Seller form the conditions of Sales and Purchase.
Allocations – Production Refinery Contracts

Affiliate – shall mean any company or corporation of seller or buyer which owns directly or
indirectly fifty (50) present or more of the shares carrying voting rights of such party (party
company) and any company or corporation other than such party of which such parent company
or such party owns directly or indirectly fifty (50) percent or more of the shares carrying voting
rights.
API – American Petroleum Institute – creates Petroleum Measurement Tables
API/ASTM – Standards referenced to this Agreement are those in effect as at July 1st 1993. In
the event that such Standards are subsequently revised or modified or new standards are issued,
the new revised or modified standards will apply. Each party must advise the other party to this
Agreement, within three (3) months after such revisions, new or modified Standards are
introduced and until such this standards shall be used.
API Gravity – is a measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water
 Light Crude Oil – has an API Gravity more than 31.1°
 Medium Crude Oil – has an API Gravity between 22.3° and 31.1°
 Heavy Crude Oil – has an API Gravity less than 22.3°
ASTM – American Society of Testing and Materials

ASWP – Any Safe World Port

ATI – Tank Farm Storage Authorization (Letter to Inject)

ATS – Authority to Sell Letter (Refinery)

ATV – Authority to Verify

B
Barrels (Bbls) – Used for International trades – a volume of forty – two (42) US gallons
corrected for temperature to (60) degrees Fahrenheit.
BCF – one Billion Cubic Feet of natural gas
BCFE – one Billion Cubic Feet of natural gas Equivalent
BCL – Bank Comfort Letter
Bill of Lading – the official document, issued at the load port after completion of the loading
operations, stating, among other things, the ship’s loaded quality, expressed in Cubic Meters
(M3) and in Metric Tons (MT) or barrels per the definitions herein. this document has to be
signed in original by the ship’s Master and made out in accordance with the instruction
hereinafter specified in the agreement.
BLC – Bank Letter of Credit
BLCO – Bonny Light Crude Oil (Nigeria)
BOE – Barrel of Oil (one barrel of oil equals 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas)
BP – Benchmark Price – the price per unit of quality of a commodity traded in the International
Marketplace.
BPG – Bank Performance Guarantee
BR – Bank Reference
BTU – British Thermal Unit – The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one
pound of water by one Fahrenheit degree. One BTU is equivalent to 252 calories, 0.293 watt-
hours or 1,055 joules.

Cargo – any particular quantity of the oil loaded into vessel as set out in this agreement includes
Part Cargo.

CBM – coal bed methane – natural gas generated and trapped in coal seams.
CCI – Conditional Commercial Invoice
CCF – One Hundred Cubic Feet – One CCF is one hundred cubic feet of natural gas at standard
distribution pressure of 14.73 pounds per square inch and 60° Fahrenheit.
CI – Commercial invoice / Dip Test (Storage Tank)/ Pay (Pay Invoice)
CIF – Cost, Interest, Freight – strictly as referred to in the interpretations defined by
INCOTERMS, Edition 2010 with latest amendments.
CIQ – Certificate of Quality (Inspection)
Commodity – referred to as being Nigerian Bonny Light Crude Oil, elsewhere in the agreement
also referred to as Nigerian Light, which specifications, as specified by NNPC will be furnished
by the Seller and added as Appendix “A” to this contract agreement.
Completion of Discharge – in respect of a cargo, mean the final disconnection of vessel’s
discharge hose(s) following the discharge thereof.
CNG – Compressed Natural Gas
CP – Company (Customer) Profile

D
D6 (Virgin) – See wording under LPFO
Day – calendar day
D/D – Due Diligence
Discharge Port (s) – the port(s) nominated by buyer and accepted by seller for discharge of such
cargo in accordance with the agreement.
DLC – Documentary Letter of Credit
DOE – Department of Energy
A cabinet-level federal agency created in 1977 to replace the Federal Energy Administration. The
DOE manages national energy policy, nuclear power and nuclear weapons programs, and the
national energy research labs.
Dollars – USD – dollars of the United States of America
DTA – Dip Test Authorization
DTAR – Dip Test Analysis Report

E
EIA – Energy Information Administration
An agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. EIA provides energy data, forecasts and
analyses.
ETA – Estimated Time of Arrival
EU – Europe or European
Execution Date – the date on which the seller and the buyer receive their respective faxed copies
of this agreement, or as ay be indicated otherwise in The Agreement.
EXW – Ex-Work’s – Buyer pays for all costs of transport from pickup at Supplier’s premises.

F
FAS – Free Along side Ship
Supplier pays cost to the Port and Buyer pays loading and shipment.

FCO – Full Corporate Offer (Contract)

FOB – Freight on Board

G
Gallons – used for Domestic trades (not Metric Tons) – a unit of volume equivalent to 231 cubic
inches or 0.3785 cubic meters, all measured at 60 degrees F.
GGE – Gasoline Gallon Equivalent
Grade – any grade of the oil specified in the agreement.

I
ICPO – Irrevocable Corporate Purchase Offer

IDLC or IRDLC – Irrevocable Documentary Letter of Credit

IMFPA – Irrevocable Master Fee Payment Agreement
IPOP – Initial Proof of Product
IR – Initial Readiness
ISP – International Standby Practice

J
J.A – 21- Terms for Jet Aviation Fuel (Commercial Aviation Fuel)

J.A – 2 – Terms for Jet Aviation Fuel (International Commercial Aviation Fuel)
J.P 54 – Aviation Kerosene Colonial Grade Jet Fuel (International)
JFT – Jurassic Fuel Trading, LLC

K
kerosene – a mixture of hydrocarbons produced by distilling petroleum, that is used as a lamp oil
or jet fuel.
KYC – Know Your Customer

L
LDC – Local Distribution Company
LDD – Late Delivery Discount
LDS – Low Sulpher Diesel (D2)
LGN – Liquefied Natural Gas (Methane & CH4)
LNG liquefied natural gas – super cooled natural gas that is maintained as a liquid at – 160′
Celsius; LNG occupies 1/640th of its original volume and is therefore easier to transport if
pipelines cannot be used.

Loading Date – the date mutually accepted by both the Seller and the Buyer as the date on which
the nominated international Surveyor Company has ascertained the quantity and the quality of the
product pumped into the Buyer’s designated vessel.
LOI – Letter of Indemnity
LPFO/D6 Virgin – Light Petroleum Fuel Oil (untouched) / Diesel Fuel Oil Used (used in the
diesel engines in most freight trucks, trains, buses, boats, and farm and construction vehicles.
LPG – Liquefied Petroleum Gas – Propane, butane or propane-butane mixtures derived from
crude oil refining or natural gas fractionation. For convenience of transportation, these gases are
liquefied through pressurization.

M
MATB – Marine Authority to Board
Mandate – An agent acting on half of an undisclosed Principal. (Buyer or Seller)
MCF – one thousand cubic feet of natural gas
Metric Ton – unit of weight equal to one thousand (1000) kilograms and 7.57 Barrels shall be
equal to one (1) metric Ton, measured at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
MMCF – one million cubic feet of natural gas
MMCF/D – millions of cubic feet of gas per day
MBOE – one thousand barrels of oil equivalent
MMBOE – one million barrels of oil equivalent
MMCFE – one million cubic feet of natural gas equivalent
Methane (CH4) – the simplest hydrocarbon and the main component of natural gas; methane is
also produced when organic matter decomposes.
MOU – Memorandum of Understanding
Month – a calendar month
MT 103 – Bank Wire Transfer Procedures
MT 760 – Bank Wire Transfer Procedures
MWD – measurement-while-drilling tool – technology that transmits information from down
hole measuring devices to the surface while drilling is ongoing.

N
NCNDA – Non-Circumvention Non-Disclosure Agreement
NGLs – Natural Gas Liquids – liquids obtained during natural gas production and processing;
they include ethane, propane, butane and condensate.
NGV – Natural Gas Vehicle
Nitrous Oxide (N20) – a very potent greenhouse gas which has a large number of natural sources
and is a secondary product of the burning of organic material and fossil fuels.
NNPC/JVC – Nigeria National Petroleum Company/ Joint Venture Company – Used by
companies like Mobil, Royal Dutch Shell, Elf, Chevron, Texaco, and Jurassic Fuel Trading, LLC,
etc..
NOR – Notice of Readiness – to commence injection into Buyer’s tanks

O
Octane – a performance rating of gasoline; the higher the octane number, the greater the anti-
knock quality of the gasoline.

Oil – crude oil specified in this agreement

P
Party – Seller or Buyer
PB – Performance Bond
Petroleum – a naturally occurring mixture composed predominantly of hydrocarbons in the
gaseous, liquid or solid phase.
PEMEX – Petroleos Mexicanos S.A. de C.V. – Mexico’s state oil company engaged in
exploration, production, transportation, refining, storage and sale of crude oil and derivatives.
PG – Performance Guarantee
Platt’s – Platt’s McGraw Hill – London is the organization internationally recognized and
accepted who publish official market prices of petroleum products on a daily basis.
POA – Pump out Authority
POD – Proof of Documents
POF – Proof of Funds
POP – Proof of Product
Port Cargo – when a cargo is discharged in more than one Discharge Port or received by more
than one receiver at the Discharge Port
PPOP – Partial Proof of Product
PVT – Pit Volume Totalizer – equipment used to measure the volume of drilling mud in the mud
tanks/pits.

Q
Q & Q – Quantity and Quality
Qatar – Sovereign Country along Persians Gulf- Leader in Petroleum / Natural Gas Production.
Quarter – period of the three (3) consecutive months commencing on twelve (1st) April, or First
(1st) May , or First (1st) June.

R
RFQ – Request for Quote
R & E – Contract Rollover and Extensions
Rotterdam – Rotterdam, Netherlands
RWA – Ready, Willing, and Financially able to Pay

S
SBLC – Standby Bank Letter of Credit
SCF – Standard Cubic Feet
SCO – Soft Corporate Offer
SGS – Certificate of Inspection
SPA – Sales Purchase Agreement
SPOT Price – First Market Price
STA – Leased Tank Storage Agreement
STASCO – Shell Western Supply & trading, Ltd. (Shell Trading Desk)
sulphur – a yellow mineral extracted from petroleum for making fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and
other products.

sulphur dioxide (S02) – a poisonous gas formed by burning hydrogen sulphide.

sweeten – remove hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide from sour gas to make it marketable

SWIFT – Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication – A worldwide

messaging system (MT- Message Type) for internal bank applications for transferring money.
synthetic crude oil – a mixture of hydrocarbons, similar to crude oil, derived by upgrading
bitumen from oil sands

T
TCF – one trillion cubic feet of natural gas
TDLC – transferable Documentary Letter of Credit
TRANSEFT – Russian government owned pipeline company (monopoly)
Transshipment – the transfer of oil from a vessel into another vessel.
TSA – Tank Storage Lease Agreement
TSR – Tank Storage Receipt
TT – Wired Funds
TTO – Tank Take Over

U
ULDS – Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel

V
Virgin – Untouched
Vessel – the ship whether owned or chartered or otherwise obtained by seller and employed by
seller to ship the oil to the discharge port.
W
WTI – West Texas Intermediate (Oil Price Index)