Chapter 3 - DC Generator (Part 3)

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• Chapter 3 - Direct Current Generator –


3.4. Types of DC Generators
Excitation
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• According to

– The way the field winding is given current to


produce the magnetic field
– Two types:
• (a) Separately-Excited DC Generator
• (b) Self-Excited DC Generator

• 3.4.1. Separately-Excited DC Generator –


the field windings have a separate source of its own
Pg = generated power
Eg = generated voltage
Vb = brush voltage drop
(2 V unless specified)
Ra = armature winding
resistance
Ia = armature winding
current
VT = terminal voltage
IL = load current
Ef = voltage source of the field winding PL = load power Rf = field
winding resistance
If = field winding current

• 3.4.1. Separately-Excited DC Generator


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field windings are
connected to the armature
windings
• 3.4.2. Self-Excited
DC Generator – the 6

– possible because of the remaining magnetism


left in the windings during its last operation • this
is called residual magnetism
Generator
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• 3.4.2.1. Series DC
– the field windings are connected in series with
the armature windingsPg =
generated power Eg = generated voltage
Vb = brush voltage drop
(2 V unless specified)
Ra = armature winding
resistance
Ia = armature winding
current
Rse = series field winding
resistance
Ise = series field winding
current
VT = terminal voltage
IL = load current
PL = load power
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Generator ���� 8

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Generator
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• 3.4.2.2. Shunt DC

– the field windings are connected in parallel


with the armature
windings Pg = generated
power Eg = generated voltage
Vb = brush voltage drop
(2 V unless specified)
Ra = armature winding
resistance
Ia = armature winding
current
Rsh = shunt field winding
resistance
Ish = shunt field winding
current
VT = terminal voltage
IL = load current
PL = load power

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• 3.4.2.2. Shunt DC Generator


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DC Generator
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• 3.4.2.3. Compound

– has both series and shunt field windings that


are connected to the armature windings – Two
types:
• (a) Long-Shunt DC Generator
• (b) Short-Shunt DC Generator

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• 3.4.2.3.1. Long-Shunt DC Generator


– the shunt field windings are in parallel with the
armature windings and
series field windings Pg =
generated power
Eg = generated voltage
Vb = brush voltage drop
(2 V unless specified)
Ra = armature winding
resistance
Ia = armature winding current
Rse = series field winding
resistance
Ise = series field winding
current
Rsh = shunt field winding
VT = terminal voltage resistance
IL = load current PL = Ish = shunt field winding
load power current

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• 3.4.2.3.1. Long-Shunt DC Generator
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���� = ���� + ���� + ���� ����
+ ������

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• 3.4.2.3.2. Short-Shunt DC Generator – the


series field windings are connected to the parallel
combination of the armature windings and shunt field
windings Pg = generated
power Eg = generated voltage
Vb = brush voltage drop
(2 V unless specified)
Ra = armature winding
resistance
Ia = armature winding current
Rse = series field winding
resistance
Ise = series field winding
current
Rsh = shunt field winding
resistance
VT = terminal voltage
IL = load current PL = load power
Ish = shunt field winding current

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• 3.4.2.3.2. Short-Shunt DC Generator


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16

• 3.4.2.3.2. Short-Shunt DC Generator

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+ ����

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+ ����������
125-V, series DC
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Example 3.8. A

generator is delivering a load of 5 kW. The


armature and series field winding
resistances are 0.05 Ω and 0.08 Ω,
respectively. Determine the generated
voltage.
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Example 3.9. The armature of a 4- pole, 128


slots, shunt DC generator is lap wound with
four conductors per slot. The flux per pole is
50 mWb. The armature and shunt field
winding resistances are 0.04 Ω
and 50 Ω, respectively. Determine the speed of
the generator when supplying 400 A at a
terminal voltage of 250 V.

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Example 3.10. The 250-V compound DC


generator is to be used to deliver 20 kW to its
load. The armature, series field and shunt field
winding resistances are 0.04 Ω, 0.09 Ω and 50
Ω, respectively. Determine the generated
voltage if its connection is (a) long-shunt and
(b) short-shunt.

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Example 3.11. The generated voltage


of a shunt DC generator is 267 V. The
armature and shunt field winding resistances
are 0.03 Ω and 40 Ω, respectively. If the load is
15 kW, determine its terminal voltage.

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Example 3.12. The generated voltage
of a series DC generator is 128 V. The
armature and series field winding
resistances are 0.06 Ω and 0.10 Ω,
respectively. If the load is 12 kW, determine its
terminal voltage.

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Example 3.13. The generated voltage of


a compound DC generator is 272 V when
delivering a load of 18 kW. The armature,
series field and shunt field winding
resistances are 0.05 Ω, 0.10 Ω and 100 Ω,
respectively. Determine its terminal voltage if
its connection is (a) long-shunt and (b)
short-shunt.

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