CALAMBA DOCTORS’ COLLEGE

Virborough Subdivision, Parian, Calamba City, Laguna

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING

OF ACTION ACTIONS RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Antiulcer Drugs Selectively Short-term Contraindicated in GI: Constipation  Monitor patient for
Name: forms a coating treatment and patients with known severe, persistent
Sucralfate that acts locally maintenance for hypersensitivity reactions constipation.
to protect the duodenal ulcer. to the active substance or
Brand Name: gastric against to the components. Patient Teaching
Carafate peptic acid,  Tell patient to take
pepsin, and bile sucralfate on an
Dosage: 25mg salts. empty stomach, 1
hour before each
Route: PO meal and at bedtime.
Frequency: 1  Instruct patient to
gram twice a continue regimen to
day ensure complete
healing.
 Urge patient to avoid
cigarette smoking,
which may increase
gastric acid secretion
and worsen disease.
Generic Diuretics Drug Antagonizes Edema due to Contraindicated in CNS: headache,  Monitor electrolyte
Name: aldosterone in HF, hepatic patients hypersensitive to drowsiness, levels especially
Spironolactone the distal cirrhosis, or drug and in those with lethargy, potassium, renal
tubules, nephrotic anuria, acute or confusion, ataxia, function, fluid intake
Brand Name: increasing syndrome. progressive renal fever and output, weight,
Aldactone, sodium and insufficiency, Addison CV: vasculitis and BP closely.
CaroSpir water excretion. disease, or hyperkalemia. GI: diarrhea,  Inform lab that
gastric bleeding, patient is taking
Dosage: 25mg Use cautiously in patients gastritis, nausea, spironolactone
with fluid or electrolyte vomiting because drug may
Route: PO imbalances and in those GU: renal failure, interfere with tests
with impaired renal or erectile that measure digoxin
 CALAMBA DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
Virborough Subdivision, Parian, Calamba City, Laguna

Frequency: 1 hepatic function. dysfunction, level.

tab once a day menstrual  Watch for
disturbances, hyperchloremic
postmenopausal metabolic acidosis,
bleeding, especially in patients
decreased libido with hepatic
Hepatic: cirrhosis.
hepatotoxicity
Metabolic: Patient Teaching
hyperkalemia,  Instruct patient to
hypovolemia, take drug
hyponatremia, consistently either
mild acidosis with or without
Skin: urticaria, food.
hirsutism  Tell patient to report
Others: all adverse reactions.
anaphylaxis,  Advise patient about
gynecomastia, possible breast
breast soreness tenderness or
enlargement.
Generic Calcium Channel Inhibits calcium It is used to treat Contraindicated in CNS: headache,  Monitor patient
Name: Blocker ion influx across hypertension. patients hypersensitive to somnolence, carefully.
Amlodipine cardiac and drug. fatigue, dizziness  Monitor BP
smooth-muscle CV: edema, frequently during
Brand Name: cells, dilates flushing, initiation of therapy.
Katerzia, coronary arteries palpitations  Notify prescriber if
Norvasc and arterioles, GI: nausea, signs of HF occur.
and decreases abdominal pain
Dosage: 5mg BP and Respiratory: Patient Teaching
myocardial pulmonary  Caution patient to
Route: PO oxygen demand. edema, dyspnea report all adverse
Skin: pruritus, reactions and to
Frequency: 1 rash continue taking
 CALAMBA DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
Virborough Subdivision, Parian, Calamba City, Laguna

tab once a day drug, even when

feeling better.

Generic Antianginals Thought to Treatment and Contraindicated in CNS: headache,  Monitor BP, HR,
Name: ISMN – reduce cardiac prevention of patients with dizziness, and intensity and
Isosorbide oxygen demand angina pectoris. hypersensitivity or weakness duration of drug
Mononitrate by decreasing idiosyncrasy to nitrates CV: orthostatic response.
preload and and in those with severe hypotension,  Monitor patient for
Brand Name: afterload. Drug hypotension, increased tachycardia, methemoglobinemia.
Apo-ISMN, also may ICP, shock, or acute MI palpations, ankle
Imdur, increase blood with low left ventricular edema, flushing, Patient Teaching
Monoket, flow through the filling pressure. fainting  Advise patient to
PMS-ISMN, collateral EENT: take the drug on an
PRO-ISMN coronary vessels. sublingual empty stomach
burning either 30 minutes
Dosage: 60mg GI: nausea, before or 1 to 2
vomiting hours after meals
Route: PO Skin: cutaneous and to swallow it
vasodilation, rash whole.
Frequency: 1
tab once a day
Generic Vasodilator - Inhibits During Symptomatic Contraindicated in Significant:  Monitor blood
Name: β-oxidation of fatty myocardial treatment of patients with Parkinson New-onset or pressure and pulse
Trimetazidine acids ischemia, stable angina disease, Parkinsonian worsening of rate before and after
Brand Name: anaerobic pectoris in symptoms, tremors, parkinsonian giving medications.
Tryme-MR, metabolism patients restless leg syndrome, symptoms  Assess for
 CALAMBA DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
Virborough Subdivision, Parian, Calamba City, Laguna

Vestar, Trivasc, takes over, inadequately and other related Cardiac hypersensitivity to
Vastarel increasing levels controlled or movement disorders. disorders: trimetazidine, with
of lactic acid. intolerant to first palpitations, heart failure and
Dosage: 35mg The decreased line therapies. extrasystoles, pregnancy.
intracellular pH tachycardia.  Administer drug
Route: PO and increased GI: Nausea, after patient has
concentration of vomiting, eaten with a full
Frequency: protons activates abdominal pain, glass of water.
twice a day sodium- diarrhea,  Provide safety
hydrogen and dyspepsia. measures if lethargy
sodium-calcium CNS: Headache, occurs.
antiport systems, dizziness.  Notify prescribing
raising Skin: Rash, signs of heart failure
intracellular urticaria, pruritus. such as swelling of
calcium Vascular hands and feet or
concentrations, disorders: shortness of breath.
finally leading to arterial
decreased hypotension, Patient Teaching
contractility. orthostatic  Encourage patient to
hypotension, continue efforts at
This injury to the flushing smoking cessation.
myocardium
raises
concentrations of
catecholamines,
which activate
hormone
sensitive lipase,
and increasing
fatty acid
concentrations in
plasma. When
the myocardium
is repurfused,
 CALAMBA DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
Virborough Subdivision, Parian, Calamba City, Laguna

fatty acid
oxidation
becomes the
dominant form
of ATP
production,
maintaining an
acidic pH, and
further
exacerbating the
injury.
Generic name: Antipyretic Drug Decreases fever Symptomatic Contraindicated with Occasionally,  Do not exceed the
Paracetamol by inhibiting the treatment of allergy to acetaminophen. skin rashes and recommended
pyrogens on the mild to Use cautiously with hypersensitivity dosage.
Brand name: hypothalamus moderate pain impaired hepatic reactions. Renal  Avoid using multiple
Tylenol heat regulating and/or fever function, chronic failure (long term preparations
centers and by a alcoholism, pregnancy, use). containing
Actual dose: hypothalamic lactation. Hematological acetaminophen.
150mg action leading to reactions Carefully check all
sweating and including OTC products.
Route: vasodilation. thrombocytopenia
PO  Give drug with food
to cyanosis if GI upset occurs.
Frequency:  Discontinue drug if
Every 4 hours hypersensitivity
reactions occur.

Padua, Juliana Irish T.

BSN2-D