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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Heat
Science– Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3– Module 6: Heat
First Edition, 2020

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Science
Quarter 3– Module 5: Heat
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulties in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in our minds. This will help you to
gain more knowledge about heat. The scope of this module can be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of every student. Furthermore, the lessons are arranged according to the
standard sequence of the course, but the order in which you read every part may be
altered in order to correspond with the textbook that you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define heat;
2. infer the conditions necessary for heat transfer to occur; and
3. determine how heat can be transferred from one object or place to another.

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 What I Know

Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer, and write it on your
answer sheet.
1. It is used to measure temperature.
a. thermometer b. meter c. metal d. solid
2. It is the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a
substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential
between adjoining regions, without movement of the material.
a. radiation b. conduction c. convection d. heat
3. It is the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and
therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under
the influence of gravity, which consequently results to transfer of heat.
a. radiation b. conduction c. convection d. heat
4. It is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles
through space or through a material medium.
a. radiation b. conduction c. convection d. heat
5. __________ is a poor conductor of heat.
a. thermometer b. insulator c. metal d. solid

6. __________ is firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.

a. thermometer b. meter c. metal d. solid
7. __________ is a good conductor of heat.
a. thermometer b. meter c. metal d. solid
8. It is the energy transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms
other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter.
a. radiation b. conduction c. convection d. heat
9. It refers to several distinct physical concepts, such as the internal energy of a
system; heat or sensible heat, which are defined as types of energy transfer.
a. radiation b. thermal energy c. convection d. heat
10. It is a material or device that conducts or transmits heat, electricity, or sound,
especially when regarded in terms of its capacity to do this.
a. conductor b. conduction c. convection d. heat

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 Lesson

1 Heat

Heat is an energy that is transferred to or from a thermodynamic system. Heat

transfer is the process involving more than one system. The various mechanisms of
energy transfer that define heat will be discussed in this module.

What’s In

Classify Me: Classify whether each item is a Natural or Artificial source of light.
1. lamps 6. lightning

2. bulbs 7. fluorescent lighting

3. sun 8. jellyfish
4. candles 9. LED light

5. stars 10. fireflies

Notes to the Teacher

In the succeeding activities, you will learn how heat transfers
energy.

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 What’s New

Activity 1: Warm to Cool!

Objective: In this activity, you should be able to describe the condition necessary for
heat transfer to take place and trace the direction in which heat is transferred.

Materials Needed:

(enough to accommodate the small containers)

Procedure:

1. Label the small and big containers as shown in Figure 2. 2. Half fill containers 1, 2,
and A with tap water. Half fill also container B with hot water. Be careful when you
pour hot water into the container.

3. Add few drops of food coloring on the larger containers.

4. Measure the initial temperature of water in each of the 4 containers in degree

Celsius (°C). Record your measurements in Table 1.

5. Carefully place container 1 inside container A (Figure 3). This will be your Setup 1.

6. Place also container 2 inside container B. This will be your Setup 2.

7. Measure the temperature of water in all containers 2 minutes after arranging the
setups. Record again your measurements in the table (after 2 minutes).

8. Continue to measure and record the temperature of water after 4, 6, 8, and 10

minutes. Write all your measurements in the table below.

Table 1. Temperature Readings for Setup 1 and Setup 2

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If you do not have laboratory thermometers in your house, you may still perform the
activity above by using the sense of touch. Use your fingers or hands to feel the
objects being observed. Be very careful with this, especially if dealing with hot water.
Take note that touching the objects is not always reliable. Try out this simple activity
below.

Prepare three containers. Half fill one container with hot water, but not hot enough to
burn your hand. Pour very cold water into the second container and lukewarm water
in the third container. First, simultaneously place your left hand in the hot water and
your right hand in the cold water. Keep them in for a few minutes. Then take them out,
and place both of them together into the container with lukewarm water. How do your
hands feel? Do they feel equally cold?

In trying out this activity, you may observe that your left hand feels the water is cold
while your right hand feels it is warm. This is due to the initial conditions of the
hands before they were placed in the container with lukewarm water. Therefore, in
using sensation to determine the relative hotness or coldness of the objects, make
sure to feel the objects using different hands or fingers.

What is Heat?

Have you ever heard of the term “thermal energy” before? Any object is said to
possess thermal energy due to the movement of its particles. How is that heat related
to thermal energy? Like any other forms of energy, thermal energy can be
transformed in other forms or transferred to other objects or places. Heat as a form
of energy refers to the thermal energy that is ‘in transit’ or in the process of being
transferred. It stops to become heat when the transfer of energy stops. After the
energy is transferred, it may again become thermal energy or may be transformed to
other forms.

Thermometer

Heat transfer is the change in temperature or

the change in the relative hotness or coldness of
an object. Most of the activities in this module
will ask to collect and analyze temperature
readings to arrive at the desired concepts. To
achieve this, used the laboratory thermometer,
which is different from the clinical thermometer thermometers - Bing
we use to determine body temperature. The kind images

of thermometer that you most probably have in school is the glass tube with fluid
inside, usually mercury or alcohol. Always handle with care the thermometer to avoid
breaking the glass. Also, make sure that you know how to read and use the device
properly to get good and accurate results.

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 What is It

How Is Heat Transferred?

In the previous activity, you learned that heat transfers under certain conditions.
But, how exactly is heat transferred? The next activities will allow you to explore the
different methods by which heat can be transferred from one object or place to
another.

Activity 2: Which feels colder?

Objective: In this activity, you should be able to describe heat transfer by conduction
and compare the heat conductivities of materials based on their relative coldness.
Materials Needed

foil, iron nail, etc.)

Procedure
Part A: To be performed one day ahead.
1. Place a laboratory thermometer inside the freezer of the refrigerator.
2. Place also your sample objects inside the freezer at the same time. Leave them inside
the freezer overnight.
Part B: To be performed the next day.
3. Take the temperature reading from the thermometer inside the freezer.
Q1. What is the temperature reading inside the freezer?
Q2. If ever there is a way to measure also the temperature of the objects placed inside
the freezer, how do you think will their temperature compare with each other and with
the temperature reading from the thermometer?
4. Touch one object lightly with your finger and feel it.
Q3. Did heat transfer take place between your finger and the object? If yes, how and in
what direction did heat transfer between them?
Q4. Did you feel that the object is cold? What made it so? (Relate this to your
answer in Q3.)
5. Touch the rest of the objects inside the freezer using different fingers, then observe.
Q5. Did the objects feel equally cold? What does this tell us about the amount of the
heat transferred when you touch each object?
Q6. Which among the objects feels ‘coldest’? Which feels ‘warmest’?
Q7. Which among the objects is the best conductor of heat? Which object is the poorest
conductor of heat?

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Activity 2 demonstrates heat transfer by conduction, one of the methods by which
heat is transferred. Conduction takes place between objects in contact with each
other. The energy from the object of higher temperature is transferred to the other
object through their particles that are close or in contact with each other. Then the
particles receiving the energy will transfer the energy to other places within the object
through their neighboring particles. Only the energy moves, not the matter itself
during this process.

Another example of heat transfer by conduction:

A metal spoon was put in a bowl of a hot champorado that you were about to eat
when you suddenly remembered that you had to do first a very important task. When
you came back, you noticed that the handle of the spoon became really hot! How did
you think this happened? The heat from the champorado was transferred to the
spoon that was in direct contact with the food by conduction. Then it was transferred
to the cooler regions of the spoon through its particles. Why did you feel that the
spoon was hot? When you touched the spoon, heat is also transferred to your hand
by conduction. This is what we call hand gained heat or thermal energy, and this
makes the object hot.

Heat Conductivities
In the previous activity, some objects conduct heat faster than the others. This
explains why some objects are colder or warmer than the others even if they are of
the same temperature. Which usually feels warmer to our feet – the tiled floor or the
rug? Some common materials with their approximate values of thermal conductivity
are shown below:

List of Thermal Conductivities of Common Materials

Materials Conductivity Material Conductivity

W/(m-K) W/(m-K)
Silver 429 Concrete 1.1
Copper 401 Water at 20ᵒC 0.6
Gold 318 Rubber 0.16
Aluminum 237 Polypropylene 0.25
plastic
Ice 2 Wood 0.04-0.4
Glass, Ordinary 1.7 Air at 0ᵒC 0.025

Solids that conduct heat better are considered good conductors of heat while those
which conduct heat poorly are generally called insulators. Metal is mostly a good
conductor of heat. When using a pot or pan to cook our food over a stove, we usually
use a potholder made of fabrics to grasp the metal handle. Insulator is used to
prevent our hand from being burned by the conductor, which is the metal pan or
pot.

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 What’s More

Activity 3: Keep it cold!

Heat can be transferred by conduction and convection. A material, either a solid,

liquid or gas, is required in each method. But, can heat also be transferred even
without the material? If we stay under the sun for a while, do we not feel warm? But
how does the heat reach the surface of the earth? The transfer of energy from the
sun across nearly empty space is made by radiation. Radiation takes place in the
absence of material. Do you know that all objects give off heat into the surrounding
by radiation and that includes us! But why do we not feel it? We do not feel the
radiation because we are normally surrounded by other objects with same
temperature. We can only feel it if when standing between objects that have different
temperature, example, if we stand near a lighted bulb, a burning object, or when we
stay under the sun. All objects emit and absorb radiation but some objects are better
at emitting or absorbing radiation than others.

Do the next activity to find out. Determine how different surfaces of the object affect
its ability to absorb heat.

Introduction: In a one hot sunny day, Ryann and Rose walked into a Cha tea shop
and each asked for an order of iced milk tea for takeout. The crew told them that
their customers can choose the color of the tumbler they want to use, pointing to the
array of containers made of the same materials but are of different colors and
textures, as part of their promo. Ryann favored the container with a dull black
surface, saying that the milk tea will stay cooler if it is placed in a black container.
Rose remarked that the milk tea would stay even cooler if it is in a container with a
bright shiny surface.

Prediction:

1. If you were in their situation, which container do you think will keep the iced milk
tea cooler for a longer period of time? Explain your choice.
2. Assuming an initial temperature of 6°C, predict the possible temperatures of the
milk tea in each container after 4, 8, 12, and 16 minutes, and assume that the
containers are covered.

Container Temperature (°C)

0 min 4 min 8 min 12 min 16 min
Dull black 6°C
container
Bright 6°C
shinny
container

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Task:
Answer the questions below:

solve? (Testable Question)

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

reatment are you not going to vary between the group? (Controlled
Variables)

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

1. Write down the step-by-step procedure. Note: Use the light from the sun or from
the lighted bulb as your source of energy.
2. Collect the data according to your procedure. Present the data in a tabulated
form.

3. Analyze the data and answer the following questions:

a. Which container warmed up faster?

b. Which container absorbed heat faster?

c. Which container will keep the milk tea cooler for a longer period of time? Is your
prediction correct?

d. Will the same container also keep a hot coffee warmer for a longer period of time
than the other?

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 What I Have Learned

Word Hunt: Find the following words on the puzzle below.

CONVECTION HEAT RADIATION SOLID THERMAL

CONDUCTION METAL INSULATOR THERMOMETER CONDDUCTOR

C O N V E C T I O N
T A B C D E S F G I
H E A T X W O V H O
E Y Z A B C L U I T
R A D I A T I O N C
M D E F G H D T J U
O N M L K J I S K D
M E T A L W V R L N
E P Q R S T U Q M O
T H E R M A L P N C
E R O T C U D N O C
R 0 T A L U S N I O

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 What I Can Do

Look at the illustration below. Identify some examples of situations found in the
illustration which involve the different methods of heat transfer.

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 Source: g7-science-student-modules-2 (1).pdf

Description Which object Which object What is the method

gives off heat? receives heat? of heat transfer?

Assessment

Matching Type: Match each description in Column A with the corresponding

terminology in Column B. Write only the letter of your choice on your answer sheet.

Column A Column B
1. Its measures is mapped to a a. Heat
temperature. b. Radiation
2. It is an energy that is transferred to or c. Convection
from a thermodynamic system, by d. Conduction

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 mechanisms other than thermodynamic e. Conductor
work or transfer of matter. f. Thermal energy
3. It is the process by which heat or g. Thermometer
electricity is directly transmitted through a h. Insulator
substance when there is a difference of i. Metal
temperature or of electrical potential j. Solid
between adjoining regions, without
movement of the material.
4. It is the emission or transmission of
energy in the form of waves or particles
through space or through a material
medium.
5. It is a material that is a poor conductor
of heat.
6. It is the movement caused within a fluid
by the tendency of hotter and therefore less
dense material to rise, and colder, denser
material to sink under the influence of
gravity, which consequently results to
transfer of heat.
7. It is a material that is a good conductor
of heat.
8. It refers to several distinct physical
concepts, such as the internal energy of a
system; heat or sensible heat, which are
defined as types of energy transfer.
9. It is a material or device that conducts or
transmits heat, electricity, or sound,
especially when regarded in terms of its
capacity to do this.
10. It is firm and stable in shape; not liquid
or fluid.

Additional Activities

Below is a diagram of a thermos bottle, including its basic parts. Examine the parts
of the thermos and the different materials used. Explain how they help to keep the
liquid inside either hot or cold for a longer period of time and describe how the
methods of heat transfer are affected by each material.

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 Source: g7-science-student-modules-2 (1).pdf

Answer Key

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References

Sootin, H. (1964). Experiments with heat. W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. Where
is Heat coming from and where is it going? Retrieved March 10, 2012 from
http://www.powersleuth.org/docs/EHM%20Lesson%204%20FT.pdf
Conduction, Convection, Radiation: Investigating Heat Transfers. Retrieved March
10, 2012 from http://www.powersleuth.org/docs/EHM%20Lesson%205%20FT.pdf

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Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph