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CH0 Introduction
CH0 Introduction
CH0 Introduction
◼ Grading Policy
Attendance 5% Homework 10 %
LAB 5%
Midterm Exam 30 % Final Exam 50 %
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Textbooks & References
◼ Lecture class: Glenn Brookshear and Dennis Brylow, Computer
Science: An Overview, 12th Edition, Pearson, 2015
◼ References
◼ Ron White, Timothy Edward Downs, How Computers Work: The
Evolution of Technology, 10th Edition, Que Publishing, 2014
◼ Wladston Ferreira Filho, Computer Science Distilled: Learn the Art of
Solving Computational Problems, Code Energy LLC, 2017
◼ Online lecture : Introduction to Computer Science
(https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computer-science-harvardx-
cs50x#!)
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Topics to cover
◼ Lecture class (week 4 to 14) ※can be changed
◼ Ch 1 Data Storage
◼ Ch 2 Data Manipulation
◼ Ch 3 Operating Systems
◼ Ch 5 Algorithms
◼ Function
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What is Computer?
◼ A computer* is a digital electronic machine that can be
programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or
logical operations automatically.
◼ Modern computers can perform generic sets of
◼ Computer science
◼ A discipline that seeks to build a scientific foundation
https://www.informationq.com/what-is-computer-types-of-computer/ 6
Key Components of Computer
◼ Central Processing Unit (CPU)
◼ Volatile Memory (RAM)
◼ Non-volatile Storage (Hard disks, Flash)
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Computing Systems
◼ A computer alone does not do anything!
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Terminology
◼ Algorithm
◼ A set of steps that defines how a task is performed
◼ Program
◼ A representation of an algorithm
◼ Programming
◼ The process of developing a program
◼ Software
◼ A collection of programs and algorithms
◼ Hardware
◼ Equipment / Machinery
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Algorithm for a magic trick
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History of Algorithms
◼ The study of algorithms was originally a subject in
mathematics
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The Euclidean algorithm (300 BC)
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History of Computing
◼ Early computing devices
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Programmable vs. Hardwired
◼ Early computers based on gears are not “easily”
programmable – the hardware must be modified in order to
perform a different task
◼ The concept of “programmable” computers was also invented in
1800’s (i.e. Analytical Engine)
◼ “Programmable computers” also refer to as general purpose
computers
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Early Data Storage
◼ Early data storage: punched cards
◼ First used in Jacquard’s loom (1801) to store patterns for weaving
cloth
◼ Also used to store programs in Babbage’s Analytical Engine
◼ Ada Byron, who wrote a “program” for this machine, was recognized as
the first programmer in the world
◼ In 1887, Herman Hollerith invented punched cards to store
programs for computers, which were popular through the 1970’s
and are still used today for data input
◼ Gear positions
punched card
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Early Computers
◼ Based on mechanical relays
◼ 1940: Stibitz at Bell Laboratories
◼ 1944: Mark I: Howard Aiken and IBM at Harvard
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Microprocessors & Microcomputers
◼ The first microprocessor is Intel 4004 (1971)
◼ The first computer based on microprocessor is Intel SIM4-01
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Personal Computers
◼ First used by hobbyists in 1975
◼ Altair 8800*
*http://history-computer.com/ModernComputer/Personal/Altair.html 20
Into the Millennium
◼ Internet revolutionized communications
◼ World Wide Web
◼ Search Engines (Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft)
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Reading Assignment:
Chapter 1
End of chapter 0
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