sharing of charge blu 2 Conductors

before connection :

a total =Ruthe =
+2 (i)

After connection :

& &

~ ⑤ ·

Wiere

a D
&
total
=
Q + 22 =
( + (2) - (ii) =

&z C2

By conservation of charge
(2+(2)v =
C% +2/= 2 + &2
.
1
Magnitude of change in
for both conductors
Common
charge
-= C1t[24
Y 422 =

Potential (2 + Cz
2

.
2
Magnitude of change in

Potential &I
2 =
Gu = C2(a+ R2)
↑
2 C2
2 + C2 I

&/2 C

R=(v=((act@2)
(2+ [2
Question

Answer

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Answer
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Answer

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Answer
Charge redistribution blu two capacitors :

[ 3

& 2 ,
/ & 2 [2 12
, ,

~
After redistribution
of charges

& ,C , as C2
2
& S

CICV2
common potential v=
C + 22

↓
f like plates of capacitor are joined then v=Cr+22
2 + 22

# unlike plates of capacitors are joined then -= 22-C1

2+2

Heat loss ->

If like plates of capacitor are joined then DV=C2 (1-2)

2((+ (2)

If unlike plates of capacitor are joined then DV=C2 (1-2)

+

2((+ (2)
Question

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Answer

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Answer
 Parallel combination :

21 =
C4
22 = [20

23 = 2zy

: 23 C : (2 : (3
Hit2
=

Total charge
2 =
21+ 22 + 23

<pu = (V + (2) + (1

(p = (1 + (2 + 3

VI : V2 : Us=C : Ce : Is

Unet=(12 + (2+ (3)

Question 2uF

-
34F
calculate total capacitance of circuit
each .
-
and
charge on
capacitor
-

44F

-zor
Answer

Ce = 3x(2+ 4) = = 2MF
3 + 2+ 4

Total
charge of circuit 2 Cry 2x201c 40M
= = =

Potential drop on
3MF- V = KOUC -1 volt
3413

charge on 3Mf+ & 3 = 401C

Potential drop on 24f +2 =

20-1 =
charge on 2uF-22 =

34X2 =
Luc
charge on PUE-> * =
44x2
=

Guc .
Question

Answer

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Answer
Question
1

Answer

Answer

Answer
 4

Answer

Answer
6

Answer
Question

1 Answer

Answer
Question
54F

·
arrangement circuit is at
In given
steady state . When swith is closed

charge passing through

100
then calculate AB .

sit Suf
Answer,
When switch
sis opened -

Cer = 5uF

& = Cel = 5MX10c = 50UC

When s is closed ->

cer =
(5 + 3)uF = 8MF
'

& =
i - v = 8u X10. = foMC

the switch charge passing through section AB->

After closing
↳2 = 80Mc =
504C = 30UC

Question

Answer,
Question

Answer,
 2

Answer,

Answer,
 Dielectric :

It is an insulating material in which free e's are less present.

Dielectric resist external field by producing their own
field
opposite to external
field.
Types of dielectrics:
.
1 Non-polar dielectric
.
2 Polar dielectric

.
2 Non-polar dielectric ->
In non-polar dielectric materials ,
the centre
of
positive charge and centre of negative charge of each molecule coincide .

·
under ordinary condition non-polar dielectric material will have zero tipole
.
moment

·
When external E is applied then centre & negativity
of positivity is separated
at small distance and arrangled along to E .

Ex .
->
O2 , My CO2
,

P = 0
Pinde to

.
2 Polar dielectric material -> In polar dielectric materials ,
centre
of
positive charge and centre of negative charge do not coincide .
moment
·
In absence of external field every molecule have permanent dipole
,

but material
in these molecules arranged randomly so not dipole
moment becomes zero
.

In present of external tall molecules arranged along E

·
.

H2O , NHz M1l etc

Eg .
->
,
.
Polarization rector :

= Induced dipole moment =

T
J
volume

F = Induced
charge induced charge density
-

Area

E>

Ein

i i

Electric field in absence

of dielectric ->
Fo
Electric field in presence of dielectric -

of
E 0-
o
Er
Ein=ET
= =

fo

·
& -
Induced
Charge density v =

o
&--E

Dielectric Strength :

The maximum electric dielectric

field that a medium
can withstand without breakdown
(of its insulating property) is called its
dielectric .
strength For air its value is 3410Nm
.

breakdown voltage : The value of maximum voltage at which insulator

behave as .
conductor
Question

Answer,
 Capacitor with dielectrics :

~Ei

(9) When dielectric medium filled completely byw plates :

Er
=Ed
+ or

Electric
field blu plates
-
*

E
-

E
=
= o

c
↳
M
=>

EXdiod I&do
v =

- +
- ris
I
C

C &
T

[I &
ad
Er to A

C= fr for
d

C = fro
 d d
Question

Answer,
Question

Answer,
Question
A

Answer,

C
A
B At constant
voltage :

Constant
voltage =

&i = CV R =
ECY
Fext .
,

&f =
Er Ri

Es
Cf =
tr(i

X
-

ri=(v2 , U= EG=Strliv
↓ F -

t -

Uf = Er Vi
-

+ -

+ -
Increase in energy 40
=2202 (X- 1)
+ -

+
work done by battery -42 (k 1)(+2
-
=
= -

Work done by external agent =

1202(k-1)
-

Y Ef =
Ei =
(2%2
Force blu plates Fi
=

& to
=

2AEr

2
2yz
F = ,

2E r A

K
F =

+y

C", "U" #Y
Constant
E=
A

B
Cylindrical Capacitor :

Potential
difference byw cylinders is given by
A

Edw=
- =
-

2k+ [loge r7a

- =

2k/logeb

-& log
c = &
Ju

& ZTEol

loge(t)