1.

is related to separation anxiety, the fear that the mother will not return once she has gone
away. If children could not remember the past and anticipate the future, they could not worry
about the mother's absence.
Memory also affects babies’ physical actions. For example, a one-year old boy who
remembers being scolded for knocking down his sister's block tower may refrain from
doing it again.
2. And 4 personally and Social development. Personality and social de velopment affect
with the cognitive aspects and the physical aspects of functioning. For example, anxiety about
taking a test can impair performance; and social support from friends helps people cope with
the negative effects of stress on their physical and mental health.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT
Development follows certain principles. These principles are:
(i) Development is similar for all: All children follow a similar pattern of
development, with one stage leading to next.
For instance, they baby stands before he walks, or draws a circle before a square.
(ii) Development Proceeds at Different Rates: Even though all individuals
follow much the same pattern of development, the rate of development
varies form individual to individual. Because rate of development dif-
fer, all children of the same age to do not reach the same point of physi-
cal or mental development. Nor do all individuals decline physically or
mentally at the same rate. In the same individual, different physical
and mental traits develop at different ages. Different rates of decline
have likewise been observed for different physical and mental traits.