ASTM B348 / ASME SB348

Standard Specification for

Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
This specification covers annealed titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets as follows:
Grade 1—Unalloyed titanium,
Grade 2—Unalloyed titanium,
Grade 2H—Unalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),
Grade 3—Unalloyed titanium,
Grade 4—Unalloyed titanium,
Grade 5—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium),
Grade 6—Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 % tin),
Grade 7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,
Grade 7H—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),
Grade 9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium),
Grade 11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,
Grade 12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel),
Grade 13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
Grade 14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
Grade 15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
Grade 16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
Grade 16H—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladiumm (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),
Grade 17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
Grade 18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
Grade 19—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),
Grade 20—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum) plus 0.04 %–0.08 % palladium,
Grade 21—Titanium alloy (15 % molybdenum, 3 % aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 0.25 % silicon),
Grade 23—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium with extra low interstitial elements, ELI),
Grade 24—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
Grade 25—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
Grade 26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
Grade 26H—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),
Grade 27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
Grade 28—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.08–0.14 % ruthenium),
 Grade 29—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),
Grade 30—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),
Grade 31—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),
Grade 32—Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 % tin, 1 % zirconium, 1 % vanadium, 0.8 % molybdenum),
Grade 33—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),
Grade 34—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),
Grade 35—Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 % molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),
Grade 36—Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),
Grade 37—Titanium alloy (1 .5 % aluminum), and
Grade 38—Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium, 1.5 % iron).

A. Chemical Composition :-
The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered by this specification shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.

Table 1
Composition, Weight Percent A,B,C,D,E
Other Other
Grade C, O2 N, H, Fe Elements, Elements,
Al V Pd Ru Ni Mo Cr Co Zr Cb Sn Si
max. max. max. max. max. max. max.
each total
1 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
2 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
2H 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3 0.08 0.35 0.05 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
4 0.08 0.4 0.05 0.015 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
5.5- 3.5-
5 0.08 0.2 0.05 0.015 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5
4.0- 2.0-
6 0.08 0.2 0.03 0.015 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.0 3.0
0.12-
7 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.25
0.12-
7H 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.25
2.5- 2.0-
9 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0
 0.12-
11 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.25
0.6-
12 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- 0.2-0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.9
0.04- 0.4-
13 0.08 0.1 0.03 0.015 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
0.04- 0.4-
14 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
0.04- 0.4-
15 0.08 0.25 0.05 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
0.04-
16 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08
0.04-
16H 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08
0.04-
17 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08
2.5- 2.0- 0.04-
18 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0 0.08
3.0- 7.5-
19 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.3 -- -- -- 3.5-4.5 5.5-6.5 -- 3.5-4.5 -- -- -- 0.15 0.4
4.0 8.5
3.0- 7.5- 0.04-
20 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.3 -- -- 3.5-4.5 5.5-6.5 -- 3.5-4.5 -- -- -- 0.15 0.4
4.0 8.5 0.08
2.5- 14.0- 2.2- 0.15-
21 0.05 0.17 0.03 0.015 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 16.0 3.2 0.25
5.5- 3.5-
23 0.08 0.13 0.03 0.0125 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.5 4.5
5.5- 3.5- 0.04-
24 0.08 0.2 0.05 0.015 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5 0.08
5.5- 3.5- 0.04- 0.3-
25 0.08 0.2 0.05 0.015 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5 0.08 0.8
0.08-
26 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.14
0.08-
26H 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.14
0.08-
27 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.14
2.5- 2.0- 0.08-
28 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0 0.14
 5.5- 3.5- 0.08-
29 0.08 0.13 0.03 0.0125 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.5 4.5 0.14
0.04- 0.20-
30 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08 0.80
0.04- 0.20-
31 0.08 0.35 0.05 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08 0.80
4.5- 0.6- 0.6- 0.06-
32 0.08 0.11 0.03 0.015 0.25 -- -- -- 0.6-1.2 -- -- 0.6-1.4 -- 0.1 0.4
5.5 1.4 1.4 0.14
0.01- 0.02- 0.35-
33 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- 0.1-0.2 -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.02 0.04 0.55
0.01- 0.02- 0.35-
34 0.08 0.35 0.05 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- 0.1-0.2 -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.02 0.04 0.55
0.20- 4.0- 1.1- 0.20-
35 0.08 0.25 0.05 0.015 -- -- -- 1.5-2.5 -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.80 5.0 2.1 0.40
42.0-
36 0.04 0.16 0.03 0.015 0.03 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
47.0
1.0-
37 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
2.0
0.20- 1.2- 3.5- 2.0-
38 0.08 0.03 0.015 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.30 1.8 4.5 3.0

A
At minimum, the analysis of samples from the top and bottom of the ingot shall be completed and reported for all elements listed for the respective grade in this table.
B
Final product hydrogen shall be reported. Ingot hydrogen need not be reported. Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer.
C
Single values are maximum. The percentage of titanium is determined by difference.
D
Other elements need not be reported unless the concentration level is greater than 0. 1 % each, or 0.4 % total. Other elements may not be added intentionally. Other elements may be present
in titanium or titanium alloys in small quantities and are inherent to the manufacturing process. In titanium these elements typically include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum,
niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.
E
The purchaser may, in the written purchase order, request analysis for specific elements not listed in this specification.

B. Mechanical Properties :-

1. Material supplied under this specification shall conform to the mechanical property requirements given in Table 2, as applicable.
2. Tension testing specimens are to be machined and tested in accordance with Test Methods E8. Tensile properties shall be determined using a strain rate of
0.003 to 0.007 in./in./min through the specified yield strength, and then increasing the rate so as to produce failure in approximately one additional minute.

Table 2
 Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset) min or range Elongation in Reduction of
Grade
ksi MPa ksi MPa 4D, min, % Area, min %
1 35 240 20 138 24 30
2 50 345 40 275 20 30
2HB,C 58 400 40 275 20 30
3 65 450 55 380 18 30
4 80 550 70 483 15 25
5 130 895 120 828 10 25
6 120 828 115 795 10 25
7 50 345 40 275 20 30
7HB,C 58 400 40 275 20 30
9 90 620 70 483 15 25
9D 90 620 70 483 12 25
11 35 240 20 138 24 30
12 70 483 50 345 18 25
13 40 275 25 170 24 30
14 60 410 40 275 20 30
15 70 483 55 380 18 25
16 50 345 40 275 20 30
16HB,C 58 400 40 275 20 30
17 35 240 20 138 24 30
18 90 620 70 483 15 25
18D 90 620 70 483 12 20
19E 115 793 110 759 15 25
F 135 930 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 20
19
G 165 1138 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 5 20
19
20E 115 793 110 759 15 25
20F 135 930 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 20
20G 165 1138 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 5 20
21E 115 793 110 759 15 35
 21F 140 966 130 to 159 897 to 1096 10 30
G 170 1172 160 to 185 1104 to 1276 8 20
21
23 120 828 110 759 10 15
23D 120 828 110 759 7.5H, 6.0I 25
24 130 895 120 828 10 25
25 130 895 120 828 10 25
26 50 345 40 275 20 30
26HB,C 58 400 40 275 20 30
27 35 240 20 138 24 30
28 90 620 70 483 15 25
28D 90 620 70 483 12 20
29 120 828 110 759 10 25
29D 120 828 110 759 7.5H, 6.0I 15
30 50 345 40 275 20 30
31 65 450 55 380 18 30
32 100 689 85 586 10 25
33 50 345 40 275 20 30
34 65 450 55 380 18 30
35 130 895 120 828 5 20
36 65 450 60 to 95 410 to 655 10 …
37 50 345 31 215 20 30
38 130 895 115 794 10 25

A
These properties apply to longitudinal sections up to 3 in. (76 mm) in thickness with a maximum of 1 0 in.2 (64.5 cm2). Mechanical properties of larger sections shall be
negotiated between the manufacturer and purchaser.
B
Material is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may always be certified as
meeting the requirements of its corresponding numeric grade. Grade 2H, 7H, 1 6H, and 26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.
C
The H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 1 6, and 26 test reports, where over 99 % met
the 58 ksi minimum UTS.
D
Properties for material in transformed-beta condition.
E
Properties for solution treated condition.
F
Properties for solution treated and aged condition–Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).
 G
Properties for solution treated and aged condition–High strength (determined by aging temperature).
H
For product section or wall thickness values <1 .0 in.
I
For product section or wall thickness values ≥ 1 .0 in.

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