7.

1 Understanding circuit diagrams

Graphic symbol
Graphic symbols are standardized representations for electrical appliances. They serve the purpose of a simpli- fied representa
Since the wiring diagram is intended to show only the most essential aspects, the graphic symbol only shows as much of the fu
Fig. 2 Graphic symbol
1 Current source
2 Conductor
3 Switch
4 Ground
5 Filament lamp
6 Filament lamp with two luminous elements
7 Voltmeter
8 Amperemeter
9 Resistance
10 Backup
11 Line connection (fixed)
12 Line connection (separable)

Fig. 3 Graphic symbol

1 Diode
2 Transistor
3 NPN-Transistor
4 changeable resistance
5 Condenser
6 Working current relay

7.2 Terminal designations

For easier connection work almost every connection on a consumer or switch used in a motor vehicle has a ter- minal designat
Terminal designa- tion Meaning
1 Ignition coil, ignition distributor low voltage
1a Ignition distributor with 2 separate electric circuits, to ignition timer 1
1b Ignition distributor with 2 separate electric circuits, to ignition timer 2

2 Short circuit terminal (magneto ignition)

4 Ignition coil, ignition distributor high voltage

4a Ignition distributor with 2 separate electric circuits, from ignition coil 1, terminal 4
4b Ignition distributor with 2 separate electric circuits, from ignition coil 2, terminal 4

15 Switch plus (after battery) : Output of ignition-travel switch

15a Output from dropping resistor to ignition coil and starter

17 Preheating starter switch, preheating

19 Preheating starter switch, starting

30 Battery plus direct

30a Battery changeover relay 12V / 24V, input from battery 2 plus

31 Battery minus direct or ground

31a Battery changeover relay 12V / 24V return line to battery 2 minus
31b Return line to battery minus or ground via switch or relay (switched minus)
31c Battery changeover relay 12V / 24V return line to battery 1 minus

32 Electric motors, return line

33 Electric motors, main connection

33a Electric motors, limit shut down
33b Electric motors, shunt field
33f Electric motors, for 2nd lower speed range
33g Electric motors, for 3rd lower speed range
33h Electric motors, for 4th lower speed range
33L Electric motors, counter-clockwise rotation
33R Electric motors, clockwise rotation

45 Starter, separate starter relay output; starter: Input (main current)

45a 2-starter parallel operation, start relay for engagement current, output starter 1
45b 2-starter parallel operation, start relay for engagement current, output starter 2

48 Terminal on starter and on start repeat relay, monitoring of starting process

49 Input flasher relay

49a Output flasher relay
49b Flasher relay output 2nd flasher circuit
49c Flasher relay output 3rd flasher circuit

50 Starter, starter control

50a Battery changeover relay, output for starter control
50b Starter control, parallel operation of 2 starters with sequence control
Terminal designa-
tion
Meaning
50c Start relay for sequence control of engagement current in parallel operation of 2
starters, input in starter relay for starter 1
Start relay for sequence control of engagement current in parallel operation of 2 starters, input in starter relay for starter 2
50d Start locking relay, input
50f Start locking relay, output
50g Start repetition relay, input
50h Start repetition relay, output
51 A.C.-generator, direct voltage on rectifier
51a A.C.-generator, direct voltage on rectifier with reactance coil for day travel
52 Trailer signals: further signals from trailer to towing vehicle
53 Wiper motor input (+)
53a Wiper motor (+) end limit shut down
53b Wiper shunt winding
53c Electric windscreen washer pump
53e Wiper, braking effect
53i Wiper motor with permanent magnet and 3rd brush for higher speed
54 Trailer signals, trailer plug device and lamp combination, brake light
54g Trailer signals, compressed air valve for permanent brake in trailer, electromag- netically operated
55 Fog light
56 Head light
56a Head light, travel light and travel light control
56b Head lights, dimmed head light
56d Head lights, flash light
57 Parking light for motor cycles (abroad also for cars and trucks)
57a Parking light
57L Parking light left
57R Parking light right
58 Side lights, tail light, number plate light, dashboard light
58b Tail light changeover for single axle trailers
58c Trailer plug for single core wired and trailer fused tail light
58d Adjustable dashboard light, tail light and side light
58L Side light, left
58R Side light, right
59 A.C.-generator (magneto generator), alternating voltage output or rectifier input
59a A.C.-generator, charging armature output
59b A.C.-generator, tail light armature output
59c A.C.-generator, brake light armature output
61 Generator control
71 Intermittent tone control unit, input
71a Intermittent tone control unit, output to horn 1 + 2 (low)
71b Intermittent tone control unit, output to horn 3 + 4 (high)
72 Alarm switch (flashing beacon)

Terminal designa- tion Meaning

75 Radio, cigarette lighter

76 Loudspeaker

77 Door valve control

81 Switch (breaker and two-way contact), input

81a Switch (breaker and two-way contact), output 1
81b Switch (breaker and two-way contact), output 2

82 Switch (maker), input

82a Switch (maker), output 1
82b Switch (maker), output 2
82z Switch (maker), input 1
82y Switch (maker), input 2

83 Switch (multi-position switch), input

83a Switch (multi-position switch), output position 1
83b Switch (multi-position switch), output position 2
83L Switch (multi-position switch), output position left
83R Switch (multi-position switch), output position right

84 Current relay, input drive and relay contact

84a Current relay, output drive
84b Current relay, output relay contact

85 Switching relay, output drive winding end (minus or ground)

86 Switching relay, input drive winding start

86a Switching relay, input drive winding start 1st winding
86b Switching relay, input drive winding start 2nd winding

87 Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, input

87a Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, output 1 (breaker side)
87b Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, output 2
87c Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, output 3
87z Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, input 1
87y Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, input 2
87x Relay contact on breaker and two-way contact, input 3

88 Relay contact for maker

88a Relay contact on maker and two-way contact, (maker side) output 1
88b Relay contact on maker and two-way contact, (maker side) output 2
88c Relay contact on maker and two-way contact, (maker side) output 3
88z Relay contact on maker, input 1
88y Relay contact on maker, input 2
88x Relay contact on maker, input 3

B+ Battery Plus
B- Battery Minus
D+ Dynamo Plus
D- Dynamo Minus
DF Dynamo field (generator excitation current)
DF1 Dynamo field 1 (generator excitation current)

Terminal designa- tion Meaning

DF2 Dynamo field 2 (generator excitation current)

U Three-phase generator, three-phase terminal

V Three-phase generator, three-phase terminal
W Three-phase generator, three-phase terminal

C Travel direction indicator (flasher relay) control light 1

C0 Main connection for control light separated from flasher relay
C2 Travel direction indicator (flasher relay) control light 2
C3 Travel direction indicator (flasher relay) control light 3 (e.g. for 2 trailer operation)
L Indicator left
R Indicator right
 Understanding circuit diagrams

ns for electrical appliances. They serve the purpose of a simpli- fied representation of complete systems, from which, however, the function
y the most essential aspects, the graphic symbol only shows as much of the function, as is needed for easy recognition and for the avoidan

tion on a consumer or switch used in a motor vehicle has a ter- minal designation. In Germany the designation of the individual connection
stributor low voltage
2 separate electric circuits, to ignition timer 1
2 separate electric circuits, to ignition timer 2

magneto ignition)

stributor high voltage

2 separate electric circuits, from ignition coil 1, terminal 4
2 separate electric circuits, from ignition coil 2, terminal 4

ery) : Output of ignition-travel switch

resistor to ignition coil and starter

ch, preheating

ch, starting

lay 12V / 24V, input from battery 2 plus

r ground
lay 12V / 24V return line to battery 2 minus
minus or ground via switch or relay (switched minus)
lay 12V / 24V return line to battery 1 minus

line

connection
hut down
field
d lower speed range
d lower speed range
h lower speed range
er-clockwise rotation
wise rotation

er relay output; starter: Input (main current)

ation, start relay for engagement current, output starter 1
ation, start relay for engagement current, output starter 2

d on start repeat relay, monitoring of starting process

nd flasher circuit
rd flasher circuit

lay, output for starter control

l operation of 2 starters with sequence control

ontrol of engagement current in parallel operation of 2

current in parallel operation of 2 starters, input in starter relay for starter 2

age on rectifier
age on rectifier with reactance coil for day travel
als from trailer to towing vehicle

nt magnet and 3rd brush for higher speed

device and lamp combination, brake light
d air valve for permanent brake in trailer, electromag- netically operated

travel light control

es (abroad also for cars and trucks)

er plate light, dashboard light

ngle axle trailers
wired and trailer fused tail light
, tail light and side light

generator), alternating voltage output or rectifier input

rmature output
mature output
armature output

nit, output to horn 1 + 2 (low)

nit, output to horn 3 + 4 (high)

wo-way contact), input

wo-way contact), output 1
wo-way contact), output 2

t1
t2
1
2

switch), input
switch), output position 1
switch), output position 2
switch), output position left
switch), output position right

ve and relay contact

drive
elay contact

t drive winding end (minus or ground)

drive winding start

drive winding start 1st winding
drive winding start 2nd winding

ker and two-way contact, input

ker and two-way contact, output 1 (breaker side)
ker and two-way contact, output 2
ker and two-way contact, output 3
ker and two-way contact, input 1
ker and two-way contact, input 2
ker and two-way contact, input 3

er
er and two-way contact, (maker side) output 1
er and two-way contact, (maker side) output 2
er and two-way contact, (maker side) output 3
er, input 1
er, input 2
er, input 3

or excitation current)
ator excitation current)

ator excitation current)

r, three-phase terminal
r, three-phase terminal
r, three-phase terminal

tor (flasher relay) control light 1

ontrol light separated from flasher relay
tor (flasher relay) control light 2
tor (flasher relay) control light 3 (e.g. for 2 trailer operation)
hich, however, the function can be clearly identified. This stand- ardization is in compliance with the globally valid regulations of the IEC (In
ognition and for the avoidance of mistakes.

of the individual connection terminals is determined by the stand- ard DIN 72552. The following table represents a section with the most imp
valid regulations of the IEC (International Electrical Commission). For Germany these symbols were included in the DIN-Standard. The stan

nts a section with the most important terminals from this standard.
in the DIN-Standard. The standardization serves the purpose of glo- bal understanding and fault free connection of appliances, especially i
tion of appliances, especially in automobile repairs.