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Formula
Formula
d d
7. [x] = 1 8. [ u ] = uu (u′), u ≠ 0
∣∣ 9.
d
[ln u] =
u′
dx dx ∣∣ dx u
d u d u′ d u
10. [e ] = e uu′ 11. [loga u] = 12. [a ] = (ln a)auu′
dx dx (ln a)u dx
d d d
13. [sin u] = (cos u)u′ 14. [cos u] = − (sin u)u′ 15. [tan u] = (sec2 u)u′
dx dx dx
d d d
16. [cot u] = − (csc2 u)u′ 17. [sec u] = (sec u tan u)u′ 18. [csc u] = − (csc u cot u)u′
dx dx dx
d u′ d −u′ d u′
19. [arcsin u] = 20. [arccos u] = 21. [arctan u] =
dx √1 − u2 dx √1 − u2 dx 1 + u2
d −u′ d u′ d −u′
22. [arccot u] = 23. [arcsec u] = 24. [arccsc u] =
dx 1 + u2 dx ∣∣
u √u2 − 1 dx ∣∣
u √u2 − 1
d d d
25. [sinh u] = (cosh u)u′ 26. [cosh u] = (sinh u)u′ 27. [tanh u] = (sech2 u)u′
dx dx dx
d d d
28. [coth u] = − (csch2 u)u′ 29. [sech u] = − (sech u tanh u)u′ 30. [csch u] = − (csch u coth u)u′
dx dx dx
d u′ d u′ d u′
31. [sinh−1 u] = 32. [cosh−1 u] = 33. [tanh−1 u] =
dx √u2 + 1 dx √u2 − 1 dx 1 − u2
d u′ d −u′ d −u′
34. [coth−1 u] = 35. [sech−1 u] = 36. [csch−1 u] =
dx 1 − u2 dx u√1 − u2 dx ∣∣
u √1 + u2
1. ∫ ∫
kf (u) du = k f (u) du 2. ∫ [ f (u) ± g(u)] du = ∫ f (u) du ± ∫ g(u) du
3. ∫ du = u + C 4. ∫ u n du =
u n+1
n+1
+ C, n ≠ −1
5. ∫ du
u ∣∣
= ln u + C 6. ∫ eu du = eu + C
7. ∫ au du =
1
( )
ln a
au + C 8. ∫ sin u du = −cos u + C
19. ∫ du 1
a2 + u2 a
u
= arctan + C
a
20. ∫ du
u√u − a
2 2
1
= arcsec
a
u
a
+C
∣∣
Copyright 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
TRIGONOMETRY
Copyright 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
ALGEBRA
Quadratic Formula
If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, and 0 ≤ b2 − 4ac, then the real zeros of p are x = (−b ± √b2 − 4ac)2a.
Special Factors
x2 − a2 = (x − a)(x + a) x3 − a3 = (x − a)(x2 + ax + a2)
x3 + a3 = (x + a)(x2 − ax + a2) x 4 − a4 = (x − a)(x + a)(x2 + a2)
Binomial Theorem
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 (x − y)2 = x2 − 2xy + y2
(x + y)3 = x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 (x − y)3 = x3 − 3x2y + 3xy2 − y3
(x + y)4 = x 4 + 4x3y + 6x2 y2 + 4xy3 + y 4 (x − y)4 = x 4 − 4x3y + 6x2y2 − 4xy3 + y 4
n(n − 1) n−2 2 . . .
(x + y)n = x n + nx n−1y + x y + + nxy n−1 + yn
2!
n(n − 1) n−2 2 . . .
(x − y)n = x n − nx n−1y + x y − ± nxy n−1 ∓ y n
2!
Factoring by Grouping
acx3 + adx2 + bcx + bd = ax2(cx + d) + b(cx + d) = (ax2 + b)(cx + d)
Arithmetic Operations
a c ad + bc a+b a b
ab + ac = a(b + c) + = = +
b d bd c c c
(ab) a d ad ()a
= ( )( ) =
b a a ac
= =
(d) b c bc
c c bc
()b
c
b
a−b b−a ab + ac
a( ) =
b ab
= =b+c
c c c−d d−c a
ax
a0 = 1, a ≠ 0 (ab) x = a xb x a xa y = a x+y √a = a12 = a x−y n a = a1n
√
ay
Copyright 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
FORMULAS FROM GEOMETRY
Area = πr 2 r Volume = πr 2h
h
Circumference = 2πr Lateral Surface Area = 2πrh
Copyright 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202