GLOBAL MIGRATION:

BASIC CONCEPTS
Ms. CHRISTILLE DAWN NAKILA
 LESSON OBJECTIVES
• At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Understand the concept of global migration as an international
phenomenon;
2. Learn the importance of global migration to the sustainable development
goals;
3. Determine the categories and examples of migrants; and
4. Identify the main drivers of migration.
• MIGRATION- Is the crossing of the boundary of a
political or administrative unit for a certain minimum
period of time.
• Is the most complex component of population change by
providing an important network for the diffusion of ideas
and information, indicates symptoms of social and
economic change, and regarded as a human adjustment
to economic, environmental, and social problems
(Diwuy, G. J. Ry, H.M Sgrxivv, G.A. 1970).
• MIGRANT- Any person who is moving or has
moved across an international border or within a
state away from his/her habitual place residence,
regardless of (1) the person’s legal status; (2)
whether the movement is voluntary of
involuntary; (3) what the causes for the movement
are; or (4) what the length of the stay is (UN IOM,
2017).
 GLOBAL MIGRATION

• A complex phenomenon that tackles on a multiplicity of

economic, social, security and several aspects affecting
our daily lives rapidly interconnecting world. On other
hand, migration encompasses a large variety of
movements and situations involving people.
 MIGRATION AND THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS

• Migration is one of the defining features of the 21st

century. It contributes significantly to all aspects of
economic and social development everywhere, and, as
such, will be key to achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals. (SDGs).
 THE AGENDA’S OF SDGs
• First,the 2030 Agenda is the first international development
framework to include and recognize migration as a dimension of
development. The agenda includes migration related targets and
recognizes its important contribution to sustainable
development while acknowledging the specific vulnerabilities
migrants may face. (UN, 2015)
• Second, migration interacts with all dimensions of development.
The multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral nature of the 2030
Agenda is a useful platform to assess the impact of migration and
human mobility on a a range of development issues. (Lonnback,
2014)
• HEALTH- Migrants can be vulnerable to
health risks.
• EDUCATION- Student mobility opens
more opportunity for youth in developing
countries to learn and study abroad.
• GENDER EQUALITY- Migrant women
and girls are vulnerable to human
trafficking and gender-based violence.
• SUSTAINABLE CITIES- Migrants enable
cities thrive and become more vibrant.
• CLIMATE CHANGE- Migrants are affected by
climate related- disasters.
• PEACEFUL SOCIETIES- Preventing trafficking
in persons and providing support to trafficking
survivors should be done while affording
sustainable reintegration supports efforts to
eliminate all forms of violence against women
and children.
• PARTNERSHIP- Expanding of networks among
countries can help increase the capacity to
delivery migrants services.
• REDUCE INEQUALITIES- Migration brings a
conglomeration of people, ideas, knowledge,
practices and culture.
• Two (2) Categories of migrants can be identified:
1.LABOR MIGRANTS- (family reunification)
2.FORCED MIGRANTS- (asylum seekers and refugees)

• ASYLUM SEEKERS- A person who seeks safety from

persecution or serious harm in a country other than
his/her own and awaits a decision on the application for
refugee status under relevant international and national
instruments.
DRIVERS OF MIGRATION- Are forces which lead to
the inception of migration and to the perpetuation
of movement (Massey et al., 1998).

• ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC DRIVERS- Economic

opportunities, demographics and poverty insecurity are prime
influencers in the migration decision-making process and
interact to greater and lesser degrees, depending on the specific
context, to drive migration.
• ENVIRONMENTAL DRIVERS- A great number of
countries identified as ‘climate vulnerable’ tend to
experience high rates of emigration, so it is critical to
consider existing environment and climate-related
evidence when analyzing current migration patterns and
estimating future flows (Wilkinson et al., 2016).
• HUMAN-MADE CRISES- Among the primary root
causes of migration and have an important impact on
population movements more generally.