Chemistry

CHAPTER REVIEW QUESTIONS 2023

Name: ________________________________________________________ class _____________
1. Describe the ionic theory of electrolysis with help of illustrations?
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A. Mention and explain the three major factors that determine the selection of an ion to be discharged at an
electrode.
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B. State Faraday's first law of electrolysis?
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C. Outline any four applications of electrolysis?
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2. Copper (II) sulphate solution was electrolysed using carbon electrodes.
A. State what was observed at the:
I. Anode ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
II. Cathode……………………………………………………………………………………………
B. Explain your answers in a (ii) above?
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C. Write equation(s) which took place at the anode? ……………………………………………………….
D. Write the overall equation for the reactions.?
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3. Molten lead (II) bromide was electrolysed between carbon electrodes.
A. State what was observed at the cathode and anode?
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B. Write an equation for the reaction that took place at each electrode?
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4. Molten zinc (II) chloride was heated in a crucible and then electrolysed using carbon electrodes,
Using equations, explain the products formed at each electrode?
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5. A clean iron nail was dipped into a solution of copper (II) sulphate and was left to stand.
A. State what was observed?
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B. Write an equation for the reaction that took place?
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C. State what would be observed if the iron nail was replaced by silver nail. Give a reason for your answer?
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6. Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react is shown below.

NaOH (aq) + HCI (aq) NaCl (aq) +H₂O (1)

A. Write down the ionic equation of this reaction?

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B. From above equation, which one is?
I. Oxidized? …………………………………………………………………………………………….
II. Reduced? ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
III. Give a reason for your answers…………………………………………………………………………
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7. The electrolysis below produces gases A and B. a)

A. List the ions that are present in concentrated chloride solutions of sodium?
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B. Why does the solution conduct electricity?
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C. write an equation for the reaction at the anode? ………….………………………………………………
D. write an equation for the reaction at the cathode? ……………………………………………………….
E. Name one product manufactured from:
I. gas A …………………………………………………………………………………………………
II. gas B …………………………………………………………………………………………………
F. Identify each gas, and describe a test you could carry out to confirm its identity?
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G. The solution remaining after the electrolysis will turn litmus paper blue?
I. What is the name of this solution? ……………………………………………………………..
II. State two chemical properties for it?

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8. The primary cell (battery) shown below is used to purify copper from impure copper

A. List all the ions present in copper (ii) sulphate solution? ………………………………………………….
B. State two uses of electrolytic process?
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C. State the place A, B, C, D or E where:
I. The electricity is delivered ……………………………………………………………………….
II. The impurities are collected ……………………………………………………………………….
III. The pure copper is deposited ……………………………………………………………………..
IV. The electrolyte is poured ………………………………………………………………………
V. The impure copper is made ……………………………………………………………………...
9.
A. List the anions and cation present in:
I. Sodium chloride solution …………………………………………………………………………
II. Copper (i) chloride solution ………………………………………………………………………
B. Write down the reaction you will expect at:
I. Anode ………………………….…………………………………………………………………..
II. The Cathode. ………………………………………………………………………………………

When each solution in a is electrolyzed using platinum electrodes

C. Explain why the anode reactions in b are both the same?

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D. Explain why copper is obtained at the cathode but not sodium?
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 10. Six substances A to F were dissolved in water, and connected in turn into the circuit below. A
represents an ammeter, which is used to measure current.

Substance Current At cathode (-) At Anode (+)

( ampre)
A 0.8 Copper oxygen
B 1.0 Hydrogen Chlorine
C 0.0 -------- …………
D 0.8 Copper Oxygen
E 1.2 Hydrogen Oxygen
F 0.7 Silver Oxygen

A. Which solution conducts best? …………………………………………………………….

B. Which solution is a non-electrolyte? ……………………………………………………….
C. Which solution could be:
 Silver nitrate?.............................................................................
 Copper (II) sulfate? ………………..…………………………
 Copper (II) chloride? ………………………………………….
 Sodium hydroxide? …………………………………………..
 Sugar? ……………………………………………………….
 Potassium chloride?
11. This question is about the electrolysis of an aqueous solution lithium chloride.
A. Write down the names and symbols of all the ions present in solution?
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B. Lithium is a reactive metal, like sodium, what will be forme the cathode? ………………………….
C. What will be formed at the anode?.......................................................................................................
D. Write an equation for the reaction at each electrode?
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E. Name two other electrolytes that will give the same electrolysis products as this one?
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12. Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis of molten aluminium Oxide,
A. Write an equation for the reaction at the cathode?
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B. How many moles of electrons are required to obtain 1 mole of aluminium atoms?
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C. What mass of aluminium will be obtained if current of 25 000 A flows for 24 hours?

(RAMS= Al=27; Faraday; 1 mole of electrons is 96500 coulombs)

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13. When sodium chloride solution is electrolyzed. The gases hydrogen and chlorine are obtained.
A.
I. write down the formulae for hydrogen and chlorine ions, then say which gas is obtained at each
electrode?
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III. Explain why hydrogen is released instead of sodium metal.?
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B.
I. Write the equation for the formation of chlorine gas at the electrode?
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III. many moles of electrons are required to release 1 mole of chlorine gas (Cl)?
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IV. How many coulombs is this? (due to charge of 1 mole of electrons is 96500 c)?
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C. .current of 2 A was passed for 20 minutes
I. Calculate the volume of chlorine released at r.t.p? The volume of 1 mole of any gas is 24 dm³ at
r.t.p)?
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III. Explain why the volume of hydrogen released is the same volume of chlorine gas ?
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14. The diagram shows how you can coat a metallic spoon with silver.

A. Name the process of coating metallic spoon? ……..……………….……………………………….

B. Why spoon was electroplated? …………………………………..………………………………….
C. Identify solution X: ………………………………………………………………………………….
D. You plan to coat spoon with silver.
What will you use as the anode? ……………………………………………………………………
What will you use as the cathode? …………………………………………………………………
E. Write the half equation for the reaction at each electrode:
i. Anode: ………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii. Cathode: ………………………………………………………………………………………

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15. Using platinum electrodes, the apparatus below was set up to electrolysis three different solutions.

A. Why is variable resistor needed in the circuit?

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B. Write an electron transfer equation to show how silver is formed at the negative electrode?
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C. In the experiment, 0.403 g of silver was formed when a current was passed for 30 minutes.

( The RAM of Ag= 108; the charge due to 1 mole of electrons is 96500 coulombs)

I. Calculate the current used

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II. Calculate the mass of copper formed in the cell. (The RAM of Cu= 64)?
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D. In the third cell, 0.070 g of iron was obtained. (The RAM of Fe = 56). Calculate whether the solution
used was iron (II) nitrate (containing Fe2+ ions), or iron (III) nitrate (containing Fe3+ions)?
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E. What would be obtained at the positive electrode in each beaker?
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 16. The diagrams below show how you can refine a metallic copper

A. If you want to purify a metal by electrolysis, will you make it the anode or the cathode?
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B. State and explain what happen at the cathode?
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C. State and explain what happen at the anode?
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D. Write half equation at each electrodes
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Name the ramaining impurities formed in the botton of the solution ?
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E. What two substances depend on the mass of of substance formed during electrolysis?
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17. A student carried out an experiment to find out the results when electrolyzed molten lead iodide and
silver nitrate solution using carbon electrodes. Write the results in the table below:
Substance What formed at the anode What formed at the cathode

Molten lead iodide

Solution Silver nitrate

18. Write the reaction that takes place at each electrode when copper sulphate solution is electrolyzed
using: Graphite electrode and copper electrode
Electrode Solution Reaction occur at the anode Reaction occur at the cathode

Graphite Copper sulphate

electrode solution

Copper electrode Copper sulphate

solution

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19. Two students tried to coat an iron key with copper using electrolysis. They set up the apparatus as
shown in diagrams 1 and 2 below.

Diagram 1 Diagram 2

A. In which Diagram would the metal key be electroplated with copper? ……………………………………
B. Give one reason why objects made of iron are electroplated.?
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C. Suggest the name of a solution which would be suitable as an electrolyte in this experiment.?
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20. A solution of coper(II)sulphate is electrolyzed using copper electrodes. How many grams of copper will
be deposited by a current 3 ampere for 10 minutes?
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21. An electric current of 100 ampere is passed through a molten sodium chloride for 5 minutes. Calculate
the volume of chlorine produced during electrolysis.
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22. Calculate the oxidation number of underlined elements ?
A. H2SO4 B. Ca(NO3)2 C. NH4+ D PO43-

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Good luck