UNIT IV:

2nd Semester A.Y. 2021-2022

UST Faculty of Pharmacy
Department of Medical Technology
Intended Learning Outcomes

1. Discuss the use of equipment and supplies needed to

collect blood by venipuncture.
2. Distinguish between antiseptics and disinfectants and
cite examples of each.
3. Identify appropriate phlebotomy needles, gauge, and any
associated color coding.
4. Illustrate how the evacuated tube system (ETS) and
syringe system components work, and when they are
used.
Intended Learning Outcomes

5. Enumerate the general categories of additives

used in blood collection.
6. Describe the color coding used in identifying
additives in blood collection tubes.
7. Explain the “order of draw” followed in blood
collection using multiple tubes.
Topic Outline

1.Equipment and Supplies used in Venipuncture

2.Antiseptics and Disinfectants used in Venipuncture
3.Phlebotomy Needles
4.Syringe System and Evacuated Tube System (ETS)
Components
5.Additives Used in Blood Collection
 Equipment
and
Supplies used in
Venipuncture
General Blood Collection and
Equipment Supplies

1 Blood Drawing Station

Primarily used for the outpatient

department, has a table for supplies
and a comfortable chair for the
patient, and a bed or padded table
for heelstick procedure for infants
4 Infant Blood Draw Stations
5 Papoose Board
6 Phlebotomy Wedge
2 Phlebotomy Collection Tray

3 Phlebotomy Cart
 The Duties of the
Phlebotomists

1. Cleaning of the workstation

2. Disinfection
3. Restocking of the following:
a. Phlebotomy trays
b. Workstations
c. Outpatient draw stations

Take note!
❖ Trays should be totally emptied and
disinfected on a weekly basis.
 Gloves that are Approved
during Phlebotomy:

1. Non-sterile 4. Neoprene
2. Disposable latex 5. Polyethylene
3. Nitrile 6. Vinyl

Take note!
❖ As per the WHO, new pair of gloves should be
worn in every patient.
❖ Gloves with powder are not recommended due
to contamination issues.
5 Antiseptics

These are used to prevent sepsis,

which is the presence of harmful
bacteria that typically enters the
human body through a wound or a
break in the skin
5 Antiseptics

These are used to prevent sepsis,

which is the presence of harmful
bacteria that typically enters the
human body through a wound or a
break in the skin
5 Antiseptics

Antiseptics Commonly
used in Phlebotomy

1. Cotton balls dipped in 70% isopropyl alcohol and drained

2. Alcohol pads (individually wrapped pads soaked in 70% isopropyl alcohol)
3. Povidone Iodine prep pads or swab sticks
4. Pre-moistened pads or sponges containing 70% isopropyl alcohol and
chlorhexidine gluconate (for blood culture and blood donation)
6 Disinfectants

These are used in killing

microorganisms on surfaces and
instruments, should be handled
with care because they could be
harmful to the skin.
7 Hand Sanitizer

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are

an acceptable substitute for hand
washing when the hands are not
visibly soiled. Wall-mounted hand
sanitizers are available in all health-
care settings with either gels or
foams.
8 Gauze Pads 9 Bandages
11 Labeling pen
Watch/Timer Sharps Container
15 Biohazard Bag
Tourniquets
17 Needles
 Point of Comparison:
❖ Almost the same size as the straw of a
Tetra pack Juice
 Antiseptics
and
Disinfectants
used in
Venipuncture
DISINFECTANT Preferred to be
used in Venipuncture

Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA)- registered
Sodium Hypochlorite with
1:100 dilution.
ANTISEPTICS used in
Blood Collection
 The
Phlebotomy
Needles
Three Types of Phlebotomy Needles
Syringe System
and
Evacuated Tube
System (ETS)
Components
 Syringe System
Syringe Needle
 Diagram of the
Basic Needle
Evacuated Tube System (ETS) Holder
Evacuated Tube System (ETS) Evacuated Tube
Needle
Additives
used in
Blood
Collection
 The Collection Tubes

Tubes used for blood collection are

called evacuated tubes because they
contain a premeasured amount of
Vacuum. Furthermore, The collection
tubes used with the evacuated tube
system are often referred to as
Vacutainers.
 Categories of Additives used in
Blood Collection

1 Anticoagulants 4 Clot Activators

2 Special-use ACs 5 Thixotropic Gel Separator

3 6 Trace-Element Free Tubes

 February 14, 2022 Px-202212345

Master Anakin D. Skywalker

May 25, 1993 28 Male

AS Dormitory, Avenida Veteranos Street, Brgy. 44-A, Tacloban City

Dr. Obi Wan Kenobi

APTT, ABO/Rh, CBC, ESR

Iron-deficiency Anemia
Additional readings
https://www.phlebotomy.com/FREE/NKH_FllwngOrdrDrw.pdf
https://infograph.venngage.com/p/49695/phlebotomy-materials
http://www.austincc.edu/mlt/phb/phb_unit2labs.html
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599221_eng.pdf
The following sources are supplier’s websites for educational purposes; note
however that the course facilitators are not connected with these suppliers;
likewise no endorsement intended.
https://www.bd.com/en-us/offerings/capabilities/specimen-
collection/blood-collection
https://shop.gbo.com/en/row/products/preanalytics/venous-blood-
collection/
https://www.sarstedt.com/en/products/diagnostic/venous-blood/s-
monovetter/
Additional readings
Choices for Journal Report/Critiquing/Reaction Paper/Focus Group Discussion:
1. Simundic, Ana-Maria, Michael P. Cornes, Kjell Grankvist, Giuseppe Lippi, Mads Nybo, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Elvar
Theodorsson, and Mauro Panteghini. "Colour coding for blood collection tube closures–a call for harmonisation." Clinical
Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 53, no. 3 (2015): 371-376. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25324449
2. Perry, Tekla S. "Profile: veebot [Resources_Start-ups]." IEEE Spectrum 50, no. 8 (2013): 23-23.
http://www.veebot.com/solutions.html
3. Ialongo, Cristiano, and Sergio Bernardini. "Phlebotomy, a bridge between laboratory and patient." Biochemia medica:
Biochemia medica 26, no. 1 (2016): 17-33. https://hrcak.srce.hr/153816
4. Lippi, Giuseppe, and Janne Cadamuro. "Novel Opportunities for Improving the Quality of Preanalytical Phase. A Glimpse
to the Future?." Journal of Medical Biochemistry 36, no. 4 (2017): 293-300.
https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/jomb/36/4/article-p293.xml
5. Lindberg Seemann, Tine, and Mads Nybo. "Continuous quality control of the blood sampling procedure using a
structured observation scheme." Biochemia medica: Biochemia medica 26, no. 3 (2016): 337-345.
6. Bush, Valerie, and Richmond Cohen. "The evolution of evacuated blood collection tubes." Laboratory Medicine 34, no. 4
(2015): 304-310.
7. Lillo, Rosa, María Salinas, Maite López Garrigós, Yurena Naranjo Santana, Mercedes Gutiérrez, María Dolores Marín,
Manuel Miralles, and Joaquín Uris Sellés. "Reducing preanalytical laboratory sample errors through educational and
technological interventions." (2012).
8. Indevuyst, C., W. Schuermans, E. Bailleul, and P. Meeus. "The order of draw: much ado about nothing?." International
journal of laboratory hematology 37, no. 1 (2015): 50-55.
The more Scientific a person becomes, the
more God-fearing he/she must be.
UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS