TERMS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Explain the difference between the following pairs of terms:

TAYLORISM AND FORDISM

Taylorism, System of scientific management advocated by Fred W. Taylor. In Taylor's view, the task of
factory management was to determine the best way for the worker to do the job, to provide the
proper tools and training, and to provide incentives for good performance while Fordism is a way of
economic life developed around the mass production of consumer goods, using assembly-line
techniques.

LUDDISM AND CHARTISM

Luddism refers to the basic ideas held by the followers of Ned Ludd who opposed the use of textile
machinery in early 19th century England while the chartist movement was the first mass movement
driven by the working classes. It grew following the failure of the 1832 Reform Act to extend the vote
beyond those owning property.

SOCIETY OF ESTATES AND CLASS SOCIETY

The estates are closely aligned with the classes; they differ from classes primarily because they
crystallize into a structure what is actually a political and economic process, and they provide an
ideology which justifies inequality as a natural, inherited realit

CARTEL AND HOLDING COMPANY

A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other. This conduct can
take many forms, including price fixing, sharing markets, rigging bids or restricting output of goods
and services while holding company a company created to buy and own the shares of other
companies, which it then controls.

SOCIALIST PARTIES AND TRADE UNIONS

Self-described as opposing all forms of oppression, specifically "capitalist and authoritarian statist
systems," the party advocates the creation of "a radical democracy that places people's lives under
their own control -- a classless, feminist, socialist society free of racism, sexism, homophobia or
transphobia,.. while trade union 7ccan organized association of workers in a trade, group of trades,
or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.