Detailed Lesson Plan in DRRM

I. Objectives

At the end of the 60-minute period, with the aid of the different instructional
materials, the students are expected to achieve at least 75% level of proficiency:

a. describes the nature and background of the sport;

b. show awareness of the effects of vulnerability; and

c. create a mitigation plan on how to reduce vulnerability.

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Exposure and Vulnerability

b. References: https://www.quipper.com/ph/

c. Materials: ICT’s

d. Value Focus: Appreciate the importance of being aware and prepared during
disasters.

Teacher`s Activity Students Activity

III. Procedure
Preliminary Activities

Good afternoon, class!

Good afternoon, Ma’am Nina!

Okay, let us pray first. Ms. Guergio, please

lead the prayer.
Okay, ma’am.

Are you ready to pray classmates? Let

us pray.
(Everyone starts praying)
Before you take your seat, please pick up
pieces of paper in front of you and go
back to your proper seat.
(The students picked up pieces of
 paper and went to their proper seat)

I would like to introduce myself. I am

Teacher Resheimel Nina S. Conteniente
and I am a 4th year BSED SCIENCE
student.

(Checking of Attendance)
So, may I know who’s absent for today’s No one, ma’am.
discussion?

That’s good to hear. Are you ready to

We’re ready, ma’am!
participate in your first activity?

Now, let’s get started.

A. Drill

Our first activity today will be called

“Share Some More”. You will list down all
the natural and man-made hazards you
have experienced since you were young,
and then you will share some stories
about how it affected you and your
family. Understand, class? Yes ma’am.

This activity will wake your brain and

enhance your memory for you to have an
idea about our topic this afternoon.

Are you ready, class? Yes, ma’am.

I will give you 5 minutes to list all the

hazards that you have experienced. After
that, I will call some students to share
their experience. Let’s get started.

B. Review

What was your last topic all about? Our topic is all about Disaster Risk.
 Good. What is Disaster Risk?
Correct. How about hazard? What is
hazard?
Excellent! Now, can you give me some
examples of hazards?
Disaster risk is the consequence of the
interaction between a hazard and the
characteristics that make people and
places vulnerable and exposed.
A hazard is a source or a situation
with the potential for harm in terms of
human injury or ill-health, damage to
property, damage to the environment,
or a combination of these.
Falls and Falling Objects.
Chemical Exposure.
Fire Hazards.
Electrical Hazards.
Repetitive Motion Injury.

Correct. Thank you. It seems that you’re

ready to listen to our new topic this
Yes, teacher.
afternoon. Are you all ready, class?

Developmental Activities
C. Motivation

Before we start our lesson, I have here

another activity related to our topic this
afternoon. What you are going to do is
you will be given a situation in which you
will rank the 5 persons given and identify
which among the 5 is the first one to
evacuate or the highest priority.
Yes, teacher.
Understand, class?

Everyone, please read the people that

needs to be evacuated. • a 20-year-old male with an arm
injury
• a 60-year-old male physician
• a one-month-old baby
• the 30-year-old mother of the baby
• an inactive member of the local
rescue team

What you have read is the persons that

you will rank from 1 to 5. I will give you 5
minutes to rank them, and I will call at
least 2 students to share their ranking to
the class and their explanation.

Are your ready, class?

Yes, ma’am.
Let’s begin.

D. Setting of Standards

Before we start our topic for this

afternoon, we need to have some rules
and standards for us to finish the topic
smoothly. Do you understand, class?
Yes, ma’am.
When a teacher is in front of you and is
sharing her knowledge to you. What will
you do?
Listen and be quiet.

How about when you have some

questions and clarifications?
Raise our hand.
That’s right. I hope you will apply the
rules that we set in our class today.

E. Discussion

So, our topic this afternoon is all about

Exposure and Vulnerability.

Who can define Vulnerability?

Vulnerability refers to inability (of a
system or a unit) to withstand the
Correct. When we say vulnerability it is effects of a hostile environment.
the lack of power to be safe in times of
disaster. It is also one of the factors that
determines a hazard’s effect and impact.

Everyone, please read the factors

affecting vulnerability.
Physical
Social
Motivational
Thank you. When we say physical what
does it imply? Give me some examples
of physical? Examples of physical is the location,
ma’am. The people living near the
volcano are more vulnerable than
those people who live far away from
Excellent. Physical pertains to potential the volcano.
damages a hazard can do to physical
structures such as buildings, houses, and
transportation systems. Another example
of physical is the structure and
environment.

The next factor is social. Can you give

me some examples of social? What are
the social factors that affect
vulnerability? Absence or lack of implementation of
disaster risk reduction and
management (DRRM) by the DRRM
committee
Correct. Social refers to people’s
capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist,
and recover from the impacts of natural
hazards. Another is the absence of local
leaders with DRRM training,
uncooperative community, unclear
protocols, insufficient or unknown
contingency plan, etc.

The last factor is motivational. Examples

of motivational factors are lack of
coordination between local leaders and
the community, diversion of DRRM funds
to other programs and initiatives, lack of
awareness of the risks and possible
consequences, etc.

Again, what are the three factors

affecting vulnerability?
 Physical
Thank you. Now let’s move on to the Social
Motivational
categories of vulnerability. We have the
hazard specific and setting specific.

Everyone, please read the definition of

hazard specific.

This makes an element more

susceptible to the forces or impacts of
Surigao is vulnerable to tsunamis and
a hazard.
storm surges. This statement is an
example of hazard specific.

The next category is the setting specific.

This makes a place or an area more
susceptible to hazards because of their
location or setting. The common example
of setting specific is Metro Cebu and
Metro Manila have congested areas and
high population density. These make
these cities vulnerable to fire and
earthquake.

Again, what are the two categories of

vulnerability?

That’s correct. Now let’s move on to Hazard specific and setting specific.
another factors affecting vulnerability.

What are the two factors of vulnerability

of certain sectors of society to disasters?

As a tropical country and due to Socioeconomic and demographic.

its geographical location, the Philippines
is exposed to different types of hazards,
such as typhoons. When a typhoon hits a
certain area, the community’s degree of
vulnerability varies depending on
different sectors' coping capacity and
resiliency.
 When we say socioeconomic, what
does it mean?
Socioeconomic means that status and
wealth of some sectors of society are
more vulnerable than others.
How about demographic? What do you
mean by demographic?
Demographic talks about the
settlement patterns and population
density caused by urbanization
increase individuals’ vulnerability to
disaster.
Socioeconomic has two factors. The
migration and internally displaced
persons or IDP.

Everybody, please read the definition of

Migration.
Migration is the movement of people
from one place to another. This shift
can be due to different factors, and
displacement also affects the level of
vulnerability of people.

Thank you. Everyone, please read the

definition of Internally Displaced
Persons?
Internally displaced persons (IDP) are
persons or groups of individuals who
are forced to leave their homes to
avoid the effects of armed conflicts,
violations of human rights, and natural
and man-made disasters. IDPs are
displaced from their homes but
remain in their country.
Demographic has also its factors. The
age of population and the marginalized
or excluded groups.

When we say age of population refers to

the number of young people and seniors
in a community.

Give me some examples of marginalized

or excluded groups.
 Pregnant Women
Mentally and physically challenged
individuals.
Tourists
Again, what are two factors of
vulnerability of certain sectors of society
to disasters?
Socioeconomic and Demographic.
Excellent. Now, let’s move on to the
Vulnerability of Certain Structures to
Hazards.

There are three types of physical

structures. Everyone, please read.
Engineered Buildings, Non-Engineered
When we say engineered buildings Buildings, and Owner-Built Structures.
these are the structures that follow
building codes. These are designed,
planned, and built by licensed structural
engineers and architects.
How about non-engineered buildings?
Who wants to read?
These structures are designed by
unlicensed engineers and architects.
Everyone, please read the definition of They are built without a permit.
the last type of structure which is the
owner-built structure.
These structures do not have building
permits and do not follow safety
standards for buildings and houses.
Thank you. Again, what are the three
types of physical structures?
Engineered Buildings, Non-Engineered
Buildings, and Owner-Built Structures.
Do you have any clarifications?
Reactions? Questions?
None so far, ma’am.

That’s good to hear.

Concluding Activities
F. Generalization
 What have we discussed this afternoon,
class?
What is Vulnerability?
Excellent. What are the three factors
that affects vulnerability?
Give me one example of physical
factor?
Good. What are two categories of
vulnerability?
That’s right. How about the two
factors of vulnerability of certain sectors
of society to disasters. What are those?
Yes. What is the difference of
socioeconomic and demographic?
Brilliant. What are the two
socioeconomic factors?
Correct. How about the factors of
demographic?
This afternoon we discussed about
exposure and vulnerability.
Vulnerability it is the lack of power to
be safe in times of disaster. It is also
one of the factors that determines a
hazard’s effect and impact.
Physical
Social
Motivational
The location ma’am. For example,
those who live near an active volcano
are more vulnerable when the volcano
erupts.
Hazard specific and setting specific.
Socioeconomic and demographic,
Ma’am.
Socioeconomic talks about the status
and wealth of the people during
disasters and demographic talks about
the settlement and population of
certain sectors that will be affected
during a disaster.
Migration and internally displaced
persons.
The factors of demographic are the
age of population and the
marginalized or excluded groups.
Very good. What are the three types of
physical structure?
Who can differentiate the three types
of physical structure?
Brilliant! It seems that you really
understand our topic this afternoon.
G. Valuing
I have here some questions for you,
class. Just raise your hand if you want to
answer, understand?
Why is it important to the vulnerability
of a community?
As a student, why do you need to be
aware of the vulnerability of the people?
Engineered Buildings, Non-Engineered
Buildings, and Owner-Built Structures.
Engineered buildings are buildings
that are built by licensed structural
engineers and architects while non-
engineered buildings were designed
by unlicensed engineers and
architects. They are built without a
permit. Lastly, the owner-built
structures are structures that do not
have building permits and do not
follow safety standards for buildings
and houses.
By identifying their vulnerabilities and
capacities, local communities identify
strategies for immediate and longer-
term risk reduction, as well as
identifying what they can do
themselves to reduce risk and where
they need additional resources and
external assistance.
The key to reducing loss of life,
personal injuries, and damage from
natural disasters is widespread public
awareness and education. People
must be made aware of what natural
hazards they are likely to face in their
own communities.
H. Application
We will have another activity. This will
be graded individually. You will be
creating a mitigation plan on how to Yes, ma’am.
reduce vulnerability. Got it, class?

Let’s get started.

IV. Evaluation
Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer
from the given options by writing the
letter of the correct answer.

1. This refers to the characteristics

or properties of a community,
structure, service, or geographical
area that may be damaged or
disrupted by a hazard.
A. disaster
B. exposure
C. hazard
D. vulnerability

2. This refers to the degree to which

risk elements are susceptible to
hazards.
A. disaster
B. exposure
C. hazard
D. vulnerability

3. This results when vulnerability

and hazards interact.
A. adaptation
B. disaster
C. exposure
D. risk
4. Which is not an example of
vulnerability?
A. type of hazard
B. proximity to the hazardous
event
C. scientific understanding of the
hazard
D. population density in a
hazardous area

5. Which statement does not

correctly describe vulnerability?
A. Cultural factors affect
emergency response.
B. Building codes and standards
affect vulnerability.
C. Geological and
hydrometeorological processes
occur naturally.
D. Early warning systems are a
critical response to imminent
disasters.

6. Which set of essential elements

need to be considered in creating
an evacuation map?
A. location, hazard, exposure, and
vulnerability
B. location, population density,
facilities, and resources
C. preparedness response,
government help, and risks
D. preparedness response,
services, and coping capacity

7. Educational facilities, medical and

healthcare facilities, emergency
response facilities, and
government offices are examples
of these.
A. essential facilities
 B. industrial facilities
C. public utilities
D. transportation facilities

8. A community’s population,
facilities, natural environment,
and resources are
_______________ of
vulnerability.
A. aspects
B. elements
C. sectors
D. types

9. Which set of hazards did Typhoon

Yolanda bring?
A. landslide and tsunami
B. flood and industrial pollution
C. extreme rainfall and storm
surge
D. oil and chemical spills and
tornado

10. Which preparedness response

should be reinforced to mitigate
the effects of disasters like
Typhoon Yolanda?
A. controlled settlements
B. education and training
C. early warning systems and
awareness
D. all of the above

V. Assignment

Essay.

As a senior high school student, what

action plan can you create to help
improve Filipinos’ coping capacity? Limit
your plan to three specific, measurable,
achievable, relevant, and time-bound
steps.