WEEK 7-

Quarter 1- General
ENZYMES Biology 1
Structures and
Functions of
Biological Mrs. Jennifer M.
Molecules Pagdanganan
Objectives:
* Describe the components of an enzyme
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* Explain oxidation/reduction reactions

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* Determine how factors such as pH,

temperature,and substrate affect enzyme
activity STEM_BIO11/12-Ii-j-19
Whenever you hear the term enzymes,
what comes into your mind?
Word Cloud details can be found in the Notes section below
What type of macromolecule are
enzymes classified as?
A. carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Nucleic Acids
d. Proteins
Enzymes work by lowering the
activation energy.
A. true
B. false
Which of the following does not affect
how an enzyme works?

A. pH
B. Substrate concentration
C. Temperature
D. size of enzyme
Which one of these molecules is NOT
an enzyme?
A. saturated triglyceride
B. lactase
Enzymes can break things apart or
build things?
A. True
B. False
 The process of enzymatic reaction:

enzyme + substrate Enzyme – substrate complex

product + enzyme
Several important things should be noted about this reaction:
1.An enzyme acts on a specific substrate to form an enzyme–substrate complex
because of the fit between their structures.
2. As a result, something happens to the substrate molecule. For example, it
might be split in two at a particular location.
3.Then the enzyme–substrate complex comes apart, yielding the enzyme and
products.
4.The enzyme is not changed in the reaction and is now free to react again.
5.Note that the arrows in the formula for enzyme reaction point both ways.
This means that the reaction is reversible.
1.An enzyme–substrate complex can simply go back to the enzyme and the
substrate.
2.The products of an enzymatic reaction can react with the enzyme to form the
enzyme–substrate complex again.
3.It, in turn, may again form the enzyme and the substrate.
4.Therefore, the same enzyme may act to cause a reaction to go either way.
1. Electrons cannot move or transfer on their own. Instead, they are
accompanied by a proton forming a hydrogen ion.
2. In redox reactions, the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of the
atoms in a molecule is 0 (zero).
3. The atom/molecule that loses an electron is oxidized while the atom or
molecule that gains an electron is reduced.
4. Redox reactions are vital to living organisms, particularly in the flow of
energy in biological systems because electrons carry energy with them,
energy, electrons carry energy with them / Electrons carry energy with
them, energy, electrons cannot move or transfer on their own, and are
therefore, often accompanied by a proton, forming hydrogen atoms (H).
The transfer of energy may occur when this hydrogen atom is
transferred from one molecule to another.
• Amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur is
an activation energy.
• Substances that bring about a chemical reaction without being
changed itself is called a catalyst.
• Substance that an enzyme act upon is a substrate.
• Regions on surfaces of enzymes that fit the substrate is termed
as active site.
• Substance formed from the substrate at the end of a chemical
reaction with an enzyme is known as a product.