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pd;
jkpo; mKJ
tpdh tq;fp

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vr;rhpf;if
ntspaPl;lhsu; mDkjpapd;wp ,e;j Gj;jfj;jpd; ve;j gFjpAk; kPz;Lk;
cUthf;fg;glf;$lhJ kw;Wk; efy; vLf;ff;$lhJ kPwpdhy; eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

ngq;Fapd; gg;spNf\d;];
=tpy;ypGj;J}u;

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ngq;Fapd; 1 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp

khjphp tpdhj;jhs; - 1
gFjp - 1 10. ‘ghb kfpo;e;jhd;” vDk; njhlhpy; ghb vd;gJ
rhpahd tpiliaj; Njh;njLj;J vOJf. 15x1=15 m) Kw;W M) vr;rk;
1. cyfj;jpNyNa xU nkhopf;fhf cyf nkhopf;fhf ,) Kw;nwr;rk; <)midj;Jk;
cyf khehL elj;jpa Kjy; ehL? ghliyg; gbj;J tpdhtpw;F tpilasp:
m) ,e;jpah M) kNyrpah etkzp tlf;fapy; Nghy;
,) rpq;fg;G+h; <) ,yq;if ey;ywg; gliyg; G+l;Lk;
2. `pg;ghy]; gUtf;fhw;wpd; topapy; ahUila fly; jtkzp khh;gd; nrhd;d
thzpfk; ngUfpw;W? jd;dpirf;F ,irfs; ghlj;
m) mNuhgpah; M) ,e;jpah; Jtkzp kuq;fs; NjhWk;
,) vfpg;jpah; <) atdh; Jzh;mzpr; Ridfs;NjhWk;
3. jkpopdj;ij xd;WgLj;Jk; ,yf;fpakhf k.ngh.rp. ctkzp fhdk;nfhy; vd;W
fUjpaJ ______ . xypj;J mOt Nghd;Nw
m) jpUf;Fws; M) GwehD}W 11. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ?
,) fk;guhkhazk; <) rpyg;gjpfhuk; m) rPtfrpe;jhkzp M) Njk;ghtzp
4. khghujk; jkpo;g;gLj;Jk; kJuhGhpr; rq;fk; itj;Jk; ,) fk;guhkhazk; <) jpUtpisahlw;Guhzk;
vd;Dk; rpd;dkD}h;r; nrg;Ngl;Lf; Fwpg;G 12. ,g;ghlypd; Mrphpah; ngah; vd;d?
czh;jJ ; k; nra;jp m) jpUj;jf;f Njth; M) jp.nrh.NtZNfhghyd;
m) rq;f fhyj;jpy; nkhopngah;g;G ,Ue;jJ ,) fz;zjhrd; <) tPukhKdpth;
M) fhg;gpa fhyj;jpy; nkhopngah;g;G ,Ue;jJ 13. ‘gliy” - nghUs; jUf.
,) gf;jp ,yf;fpa fhyj;jpy; nkhopngah;g;G m) kiy M) khiy ,) kzkyh; <) kdkyh;
,Ue;jJ 14. ‘fha; kzp” - ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;G jUf.
<) rq;fk; kUtpa fhyj;jpy; nkhopngah;g;G m) gz;Gj;njhif M) ctikj;njhif
,Ue;jJ ,) tpidj;njhif <) cUtfk;
5. fiyapd; fztdhfTk;> rKjhaj;jpd; 15. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mb vJifia
Gjy;tdhfTk; ,Ue;J vOJfpNwhk;. vLj;njhOJf.
,f;$w;wpypUe;J ehk; Gupe;J nfhs;tJ gFjp - II
m) jk; tho;f;ifapy; ngw;w tpisTfisf; vitNaDk; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp :
fiyahf;fpdhh;. (21 MtJ tpdhtpw;F fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f
M) r%fg; ghh;itNahL fiyg;gzp GhpaNt Ntz;Lk;) 4x2=8
vOjpdhh;. 16. mitak; - Fwpg;G tiuf.
,) mwj;ijf; $Wtjw;fhf vOjpdhh; 17. kUj;Jtj;jpy; kUe;Jld; md;Gk; ek;gpf;ifAk;
<) mofpaYld; ,yf;fpak; gilj;jhh; Mw;Wk; ghq;fpid vOJf.
6. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpYk; kzpNkfiyapYk; mike;j 18. jw;fhy ciueilapy; rpNyil mikAk;
ghtpdk; ______. eaj;jpw;F xU vLj;Jf;fhl;L jUf.
m) mftw;gh M) ntz;gh 19. ‘,wbg; nghk;ky; ngWFtPh;” - ,j;njhlh;
,) tQ;rpg;gh <) fypg;gh czh;j;Jk; nghUis vOJf.
7. FwpQ;rpf;Fhpa rpWnghOJ ______. 20. tWikapYk; gbg;gpd; kPJ ehl;lk; nfhz;lth;
m) ahkk; M) khiy ,) itfiw <) vw;ghL k.ngh.rp. vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;W jUf.
8. nghpa kPir rphpj;jhh; - tz;zr; nrhy;Yf;fhd 21. ‘nray;” vd KbAk; Fwl;ghtpid vOJf.
njhifapd; tif vJ? vitNaDk; Ie;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp : 5x2=10
m) gz;Gj;njhif M) ctikj;njhif 22. njhopw;ngaUf;Fk;> tpidahyizAk;
,) md;nkhopj;njhif <) ck;ikj;njhif ngaUf;Fk; cs;s NtWghL ahJ?
9. ‘Nfl;lth; kfpog; ghba ghly; ,J” - ,j;njhlhpy; 23. ‘vOJ vd;whs;” vd;gJ tpiuT fhuzkhf
,lk;ngw;Ws;s njhopw;ngaUk; tpidahyizAk; ‘vOJ vOJ vd;whs;” vd mLf;Fj;
ngaUk; KiwNa njhluhdJ.
m) ghba : Nfl;lth; M) ghly; : ghba ‘rphpj;Jg; Ngrpdhh;” vd;gJ vt;thW mLf;Fj;
,) Nfl;lth; : ghba <) ghly; : Nfl;lth; njhluhFk;?

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ngq;Fapd;
24. mkh;e;jhd; - gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf.
25. fPo;tUk; njhlh;fspy; nghUe;jhj
fUg;nghUisj; jpUj;jp vOJ.
coth;fs; kiyapy; cOjdh;.
Ky;iyg;G+r; nrbiag; ghh;jj ; thNw gujth;
flYf;Fr; nrd;wd;.
26. Ch;g;ngah;fspd; k&cit vOJf:
m) ehfg;gl;bdk; M) irjhg;Ngl;il
27. fiyr;nrhy; jUf:
m) Philosopher M) Tempest
28. vz;Zg; ngah;fisf; fz;Lgpbj;J> jkpo;
vz;fspy; vOJf:
m) Ie;J rhy;G Cd;wpa J}z;
M) ehYk; ,uz;Lk; nrhy;Yf;F cWjp
gFjp - III
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F RUf;fkhd
tpilasp : 2x3=6
29. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; fhl;Lk; mwq;fs; ,d;iwf;Fk;
NjitahditNa vd;gjw;Fr; rpy
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; jUf.
30. cq;fSld; gapYk; khzth; xUth; gs;spg;
gbg;igg; ghjpapy; epWj;jp Ntiyf;Fr; nry;y
tpUk;Gfpwhh;. mthplk; fw;gjd;
,d;wpaikahikia vt;tifapy;
vLj;Jiug;gPh;fs;?
31. n[afhe;jd; jk; fij khe;jh;fspd; rpwe;j
$Wfisf; Fwpg;gplj; jtWtjpy;iy vd;W
mNrhfkpj;jpud; $Wfpwhh;. - ,f;$w;iw
nka;g;gpf;Fk; nray; xd;iwj; ‘jhf;fj;jpw;F
mg;ghy;” fijkhe;jth; thapyhf tpsf;Ff.
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F RUf;fkhf
tpilasp : (34 MtJ tpdhtpw;F fl;lhakhf
tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;) 2x3=6
32. kd;dd; ,ilf;fhldhh; vd;w GytUf;F rpwg;G
nra;jJ Vd;?
33. kNdhd;kzPak; Re;judhhpd; jkpo;j;jha; tho;j;Jg;
ghliyAk;> ngUQ;rpj;jpudhhpd; jkpo;
tho;j;ijAk; xg;gpl;L Nkilg;Ngr;R xd;iw
cUthf;Ff.
34. ‘tpUe;jpddhf” vdj; njhlq;Fk; jpUtpisahlw;
ghliy vOJf.
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F RUf;fkhf
tpilasp : 2x3=6
35. ctikiag; gad;gLj;jpr; nrhw;nwhlh;
cUthf;Ff:
1. kioKfk; fhzhg; gaph; Nghy
2. fz;zpidf; fhf;Fk; ,ik Nghy
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2 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp
3. rpiy Nky; vOj;J Nghy
36. myfpl;L tha;ghL jUf:
njhOjif As;Sk; gilnahLq;Fk; xd;dhh;
mOjfz; zPUk; midj;J
37. jPtf mzpia vLj;Jf;fhl;Lld; tpsf;Ff.
gFjp - IV
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp : 5x5=25
38. itj;jpaehjGhp KUfd; Foe;ijahf
mzpe;jpUf;Fk; mzpfyd;fSld; nrq;fPiu
Mba eaj;ij tpsf;Ff. (my;yJ)
Nrhiyf;fhw;Wk; (G+q;fh) kpd;tprpwpf; fhw;Wk;
Ngrpf; nfhs;tJ Nghy; Xh; ciuahly; mikf;f.
39. ehspjo; xd;wpd; nghq;fy; kyhpy; ‘coTj;
njhopYf;F te;jid nra;Nthk;” vd;w cq;fs;
fl;Liuia ntspapl Ntz;ba me;ehspjo;
MrphpaUf;F fbjk; vOJf. (my;yJ)
khepy mstpy; eilngw;w ‘kuk; ,aw;ifapd;
tuk;” vDk; jiyg;gpyhd fl;Liug; Nghl;bapy;
ntw;wp ngw;W Kjy; ghpR ngw;w Njhoid tho;j;jp
kly; vOJf.
40. fhl;rpia ftpijahf;Ff:
41. Nky;epiy tFg;G Nrh;f;if tpz;zg;gj;ij
epug;Gf:
42. njhopw;ngah;fspd; nghUisg; Ghpe;J nfhz;L
njhlh;fis KOik nra;f:
1. epyj;Jf;F mbapy; fpilf;Fk; ______ ahTk;
muRf;Nf nrhe;jk;.
nefpopg; nghUs;fis kz;Zf;F mbapy; ______
epyj;jb ePh;tsj;ijf; Fd;wr; nra;Ak;. (Gijay;>
Gijj;jy;).
2. fhl;L tpyq;Ffisr;______ jil
nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
nra;j jtWfisr; ______ jpUj;j cjTfpwJ.
(Rl;ly;> RLjy;)
3. fhw;wpd; nky;ypa ______ G+f;fisj; jiyahl;l
itf;fpwJ.
iffspd; Neh;j;jpahd ______ G+f;fis
khiyahf;fpwJ. (njhLj;jy;> njhLjy;)
4. gRikahd _____ If; _____ fz;Zf;F ey;yJ.
(fhZjy;> fhl;rp)
5. nghJtho;tpy; ______ $lhJ. ________ ,y;
mtiu kpQ;r Ms; fpilahJ. (ebj;jy;> ebg;G)
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ngq;Fapd; 3 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp

(my;yJ) mj;jkpf;Fk; NghJ mhprp tUk; - Fj;jp

nkhopngah;f;f : ciyapypl Culq;Fk; Xh; mfg;ig md;dk;
Koothu ,iyapypl nts;sp vOk;”.
Therkoothu is, as its name indicates. A popular form 44. m) md;dka;ah vd;Dk; ngaUf;Fk; mthpd;
of theatre performed in the streets. It is performed by nraYf;Fk; cs;s nghUj;jg; ghl;bidf;
rural artist. The stories are derived from epics like Nfhgy;yGuj;J kf;fs; fijg;gFjp nfhz;L
Ramayana, Mahabharatha and other ancient puranas. tpthpf;f. (my;yJ)
There are more songs in the play with dialogues M) ‘fw;if ed;Nw fw;if ed;Nw
improvised by the artists on the spot. Fifteen to twenty gpr;ir GfpDk; fw;if ed;Nw” - vd;fpwJ ntw;wp
actors with a small orchestra forms a koothu troupe. Ntw;if. NkhpaplkpUe;J gwpf;fg;gl;l Gj;jfk;>
Though the orchestra has a singer, the artists sing in mr;rpWkpapd; tho;f;ifapy; fy;tpr;Rliu Vw;wpa
their own voices. Artists dress themselves with heavy fijiag; gw;wpa cq;fspd; fUj;Jf;fis
costumes and bright make up. Koothu is very popular tpthpf;f.
among rural areas. 45. m) kjpg;Giu vOJf.
nrtp khw;Wj; jpwdhspfSf;fhd khw;W tpdh: gs;sp Mz;L tpoh kyUf;fhf> ePq;fs; E}yfj;jpy;
ciug;gj;jpiag; gbj;J tpdhtpw;F tpil jUf: gbj;j fij / fl;Liu / rpWfij / ftpij
gUg;nghUs;fs; rpjWk;gbahfg; gy Copf; E}Yf;fhd kjpg;Giu vOJf.
fhyq;fs; fle;J nrd;wd. Gtp cUthdNghJ Fwpg;G – E}ypd; jiyg;G – E}ypd;
neUg;Gg; ge;J Nghy; tpsq;fpa Copf;fhyk; ikag;nghUs; - nkhopeil – ntspg;gLj;Jk;
Njhd;wpaJ. gpd;dh; Gtp FspUk;gbahfj; fUj;J – E}ypd; eak; - E}y; fl;likg;G –
njhlh;e;J kio nghope;j Copf; fhyk; fle;jJ. rpwg;Gf; $W – E}y; Mrphpah;. (my;yJ)
mt;thW njhlh;e;J nga;j kioahy; Gtp M) Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jp fl;Liu vOJf:
nts;sj;jpy; %o;fpaJ. ,g;gb kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; Kd;Diu-tpz;ntspapy; jkpohpd; mwpT-fy;gdh
rpwg;ghfpa Mw;wy; kpFe;J nrwpe;J jpuz;L rht;yh-tpz;zpay; mwpthy; tUq;fhyj;jpy;
,g;gbahf (nts;sj;jpy; %o;Fjy;) ele;j ,e;jg; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;bait – KbTiu.
nghpa cyfj;jpy;. caph;fs; tho;tjw;F Vw;w
#oyhfpa cs;sL P Njhd;wpaJ. caph;fs; Njhd;wp khjphp tpdhj;jhs; - 2
epiyngWk;gbahf ,g;nghpa Gtpapy; Copf; fhyk; gFjp - 1
fle;jJ. midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;fTk; : 15x1=15
1. gj;jpapy; cs;s mLf;Fj; njhlh;fis vLj;J 1.’ghL,kpo; gdpf;fly; gUfp” vd;Dk; Ky;iyg;ghl;L
vOJf. mb czh;j;Jk; mwptpay; ;nra;jp ahJ?
2. Gtp Vd; nts;sj;jpy; %o;fpaJ? m) fly;ePh; Mtpahfp Nkfkhjy;
3. ‘nga;j kio” ,j;njhliu tpidj;njhifahf M) fly;ePh; Fsph;r;rp miljy;
khw;Wf. ,) fly;ePh; xypj;jy;
4. ,g;gj;jp czh;j;Jk; mwptpay; nfhs;if ahJ? <) fly;ePh; nfhe;jspj;jy;
5. caph;fs; tho;tjw;F Vw;w #oyhf ePtph; fUJtd 2. fly; jd; ePuiyiaj; jLj;J epWj;jp -------
ahit? fhf;fpwJ.
gFjp - V m) fg;giyf; M) rq;fpidf;
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp: 3x8=24 ,) rpg;gpiaf; <) Kj;Jf;fisf;
43. m) xU Foe;ijiaj; J}f;fTk; fPNo tpOe;j xU 3. fy;tpAk; nry;tKk; ngw;w ngz;fs; tpUe;Jk; <if
NjdPhf ; ; Nfhg;igia vLf;fTk; nra;tjhff; $wpath;
nkd;nghUs;mf;fiw nfhs;Skh? ntWk; m) fk;gh; M) ts;Sth;
tzpfj;Jld; epd;W tpLkh? ,f;fUj;Jf;fis ,) ew;wpiz <) ,sk;ngUtOjp
xl;br; nraw;if Ez;zwptpd; vjph;fhy 4. jiyg;Gf;Fk; Fwpg;Gf;Fk; nghUj;jkhd tpiliaj;
ntspg;ghLfs; gw;wp xU fl;Liu vOJf. Njh;e;njLf;f.
(my;yJ) jiyg;G : nraw;if Ez;zwpT
M) eak; ghuhl;Lf: Fwpg;Gfs;: fz;fhzpg;Gf; fUtp mirT epfOk;
‘fj;Jfly; #o;ehiff; fhj;jhd;jd; rj;jpuj;jpy; gf;fk; jd; ghh;itiaj; jpUg;GfpwJ. jpwd;

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ngq;Fapd; 4 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp

Ngrpapy; cs;s tiuglk; Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;Fr; 13. kUis mfw;wp vd;gjd; nghUs;

RUf;fkhd topiaf; fhz;gpg;gJ. m) jpUg;ghit M) mUis mfw;wp
m) jiyg;Gf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd Fwpg;Gfs;,lk; ,) caph;mfw;wp <) kaf;fk; mfw;wp
ngw;Ws;sd. 14. ghlypy; mike;Js;s vJifr; nrhw;fs;
M) Fwpg;GfSf;Fj; njhlh;gpy;yhj jiyg;G m) mUe;JtJk;> nghUe;JtJk;
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. M) Mtpf;F> mUe;Jiz
,) jiyg;Gf;Fj; njhlh;gpy;yhj Fwpg;Gfs; ,) fy;tp> Nghw;W <) kUis> kjpf;Fk;
mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 15. ,g;ghlypy; Nghw;wpf; fw;f Ntz;bajha; Mrphpah;
<) Fwpg;GfSf;Fg; nghUj;jkpy;yhj jiyg;G $WtJ.
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. m) mUs; M) kUs; ,) fy;tp <) ,d;gk;
5. tha;ikNa kiyePuhfp vd;Dk; njhlhpy; gFjp - II (kjpg;ngz;fs; 18)
ntspg;gLk; mzp gphpT - 1
m) ctik M) jw;Fwpg;Ngw;wk; vitNaDk; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; FWfpa
,) cUtfk; <) jPtfk; mstpy; tpilaspf;f. (21 MtJ tpdhtpw;Ff;
6. n[afhe;jd; gilg;Gfspy; rhfpj;jpa mfhnjkp fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f) 4x2 = 8
tpUJ ngw;w E}y; 16. tpilf;Nfw;w tpdhf;fs; mikf;f.
m) ahUf;fhf mOjhd; m) ghthzh; cyfj;jkpo;f; fofj;ij epWtpj;
M) rpyNeuq;fspy; rpy kdpjh;fs; jiytuhf ,Ue;jth;.
,) cd;idg;Nghy; xUtd; M) nrq;fPiur; nrb fhw;wpy; MLtJ Nghd;W
<) xUebif ehlfk; ghh;;f;fpwhs; Foe;ijapd; jiy 5-6 Mk; khjq;fspy;
7. ‘Nghyr; nra;jy;” gz;Gfisg; gpd;gw;wp nkd;ikahf mirAk; gUtj;ijr; nrq;fPiug;
epfo;j;jpf;fhl;Lk; fiyfspy; xd;W gUtk; vd;gh;.
m) fhtbahl;lk; M) ngha;f;fhy; Fjpiuahl;lk; 17. trd ftpij - Fwpg;G tiuf.
,) jg;ghl;lk; <) njUf;$j;J 18. jhtuq;fspd; ,iy tiffisf; Fwpf;Fk;
8. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; njhlh;nkhopia vOJf. nrhw;fis vOJf.
m) fz; M) Ntq;if 19. fbdg;ghijapy; vt;Nthir vOk; vd
,) ML Nka;e;jJ <) mirahik. kiygLflhk; $Wtij vOJf.
9. Fsph;fhyj;ijg; nghOjhff; nfhz;l epyq;fs; 20. tWikapYk; gbg;gpd; kPJ ehl;lk; nfhzlth;
m) Ky;iy> FwpQ;rp> kUj epyq;fs;... k.ngh.rp. vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;W jUf.
M) FwpQ;rp> ghiy> nea;jy;> epyq;fs; 21. tply; - vd KbAk; jpUf;Fwis vOJf.
,) FwpQ;rp> kUjk;> nea;jy; epyq;fs; gphpT - 2
<) kUjk;> nea;jy;> ghiy epyq;fs;. vitNaDk; Ie;J tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; FWfpa
10. cjtp nra;jiy <oj;J G+jd; Njtdhh; Fwpg;gpLk; tpilaspf;f. 5x2 = 10
Kiw. 22. nrhw;fisg; gphpj;Jg; ghh;j;J nghUs; jUf.
m) grpg;gpzp kUj;Jtd; M) cjtpahz;ik m) tUe;jhkiu M) gyifnahyp
,) gpwh;Jd;gk; jPh;g;gJ <) rhd;Nwhh; nry;tk;. 23. gpd;tUk; njhlh;fisf; nfhz;L nghUj;jkhd
11. Mepiufisg; kPl;ly;: njhlh; mikf;f.
m) fue;ij M) ntl;rp m) tug;NghfpNwd; M) Kd;Df;Fg; gpd;
,) Jk;ig <) thif 24. gpd;tUk; njhlh;fspy; vOthiar; nrOik
ghliy gbj;Jg; gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F nra;f.
(12>13>14>15) tpil jUf. m) fy;tpNa xUth;f;F cah;T jUk;
mUisg; ngUf;fp mwpitj; jpUj;jp M) tho;f;ifg; gazNk NtWgl;l ghlq;fisf;
kUis mfw;wp kjpf;Fk; njUis fw;Wj; jUfpwJ.
mUe;JtJk; Mopf;F mUe;Jizaha; ,d;gk; 25. vz;Zg; ngah;fisf; fz;L jkpo; vz;fspy;
nghUe;JtJk; fy;tpnad;Nw Nghw;W. vOJf.
12. ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y;. m) Ie;J rhy;G Cd;wpa J}z;
m) jpUg;ghit M) ePjpntz;gh M) Mid Mapuk; mkhpil ntd;w
,) jpUtpisahlw;Guhzk; <) G+j;njhLj;jy; khztDf;F tFg;GJ guzp.

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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82
ngq;Fapd;
Fwpg;G: nrtp khw;Wj; jpwdhspfSf;fhd khw;W tpdh
njhliug; gbj;J tpiliaf; fz;lwpf.
(fw;wy;> G+tpy;)
m) E}ypd; gad; gbj;jy; vdpy; fw;wypd; gad;----
M) kPd; ,Ug;gJ ePhpy;> Njd; ,Ug;gJ-----
26. Mw;WePh; nghUs; Nfhisr; rhd;Wld; vOJf.
27. njhliu milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sthW
khw;Wf.
$j;Jf; fiyQh; ghlj;njhlq;fpdh;. $bapUe;j
kf;fs; mikjpahapdh;. (fiyitr;
nrhw;nwhluhf khw;Wf)
28. jzpe;jJ – gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf.
gFjp - III
gphpT - 1
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
tpilaspf;f : 2x3=6
29. ,d;iwa mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; kdpjid
Nkk;gLj;Jfpd;wdth? vd;gJ Fwpj;j
rpe;jidfis vOJf.
30. jkpo;ehl;by; epfo;j;jg;gLk; epfo;fiyfs; gy;NtW
khepyq;fspy; gy;NtW ngah;fspy;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gij rhd;Wld; epWTf.
31. gpd;tUk; ciuiag; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F
tpilaspf;f.
ehd; caph;tsp je;J caph;fisf; fhf;fpd;Nwd;.
jhtuq;fspd; xspr;Nrh;f ; ;ifapy czT
cw;gj;jpf;F cjTfpd;Nwd;. tpijfis vLj;Jr;
nrd;W gy ,lq;fspYk; J}Tfpd;Nwd;. G+tpd;>
Njdpd;> fdpapd;> jhtuj;jpd; caphpdj;jpd;
kzj;ij vd;dpy; Rke;J Gtpapd; caph; rq;fpypj;
njhlh; mWglhjpUf;f cjTfpNwd;. ,it
kl;Lky;y cq;fs; etPd njhiyj;njhlh;gpd;
ikakhfTk; ehNd cs;Nsd;.
tpdhf;fs;:
m) czT cw;gj;jpf;F fhw;W vt;thW cjTfpwJ?
M) caph;r; rq;fpypj; njhlh; mWglhjpUf;f nra;Ak;
gzp ahJ?
,) ,t;Tiug;gj;jpf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd jiyg;G
xd;W jUf.
gphpT - 2
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;f. (34 tJ tpdhtpwFf;
fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f) 2x3=6
32. ‘rpj;jhspd; kdr;Rikfs;
nrq;fw;fs; mwpahJ” ,lk; Rl;bg; nghUs;
tpsf;fk; jUf.
33. jkpod;idia tho;j;Jtjw;fhd fhuzq;fshfg;
ghtyNuW Rl;Ltd ahit?
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5 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp
34. mbgpwohky; vOJf.
tpUe;jpddhf ----- vdj; njhlq;Fk; fhrpf;
fhz;lk; ghly;. (my;yJ)
etkzp tlf;f ---- vdj; njhlq;Fk; Njk;ghtzpg;
ghly;
gphpT - 3
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;f. 2x3=6
35. tOtikjp vd;why; vd;d? mjd; tiffspy;
VNjDk; %d;wpidr; rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff.
36. Fw;wk; ,ydha;f; Fbnra;J tho;thidr;
Rw;wkhr; Rw;wk; cyF - ,f;Fwg;ghtpid
myfpl;L tha;ghL jUf.
37. jd;ikazpia vLj;Jf;fhl;Lld; tpsf;Ff.
gFjp - IV (kjpg;ngz;fs; 25)
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;f. 5x5=25
38. m) ,iwtd;: Gyth; ,ilfhld; FuYf;Fr;
nrtprha;j;j epfo;it eaj;Jld; vOJf.(my;yJ)
M) fUizapd; jha;kiwTf;F tPukhKdpth; jk;
G+f;fs; Nghd;w ctikfshYk; cUtf
kyh;fshYk; epfo;j;jpa ftpjhQ;rypia tpthpf;f.
39. m) cq;fs; njUtpy; kpd; tpsf;Ffs;
gOjile;Js;sd. mjdhy; ,utpy; rhiyapy;
ele;J nry;NthUf;F Vw;gLk; ,ilA+Wfis
vOjp Mtd nra;Ak;gb kpd;thhpa
mYtyUf;Ff; fbjk; vOJf. (my;yJ)
M) khepy mstpy; eilngw;w ‘kuk; ,aw;ifapd;
tuk;” vDk; jiyg;gpyhd fl;Liug; Nghl;bapy;
ntw;wp ngw;W Kjy; ghpR ngw;wj; Njhoid
tho;j;jp kly; vOJf.
40. glk; czh;j;Jk; fUj;ij eaKw Ie;J
njhlh;fspy; vOJf.
41. khyd; vd;gthpd; kfd; rptuhkd; gj;jhk;
tFg;gpy;; 500f;F 465 kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw;W
Nky;epiy tFg;gpy; fzpjg; gphptpy; jkpo; topapy;
Nru tpUk;Gfpwhh;. mtUila gpwe;j Njjp
15.5.2004. mth; jkpo;g;ghlj;jpy; 94> Mq;fpyg;
ghlj;jpy 85> fzpjg; ghlj;jpy; 94> mwptpay;
ghlj;jpy; 96> r%f mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; 96
kjpg;ngz;fSk; ngw;Ws;shh;. mtUila gj;jhk;
tFg;G gjpT vz; 6556788. fle;j 2019 khh;r;
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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82

ngq;Fapd; 6 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp

khjk; mth; gj;jhk; tFg;gpid jkpo; topapy; xypf;Fwpg;Gr; nrhw;fSk; Gaypy; Njhzp
gbj;J Njh;r;rp ngw;Ws;shh;. mtUila jhahhpd; gLk;ghl;il vt;thW tpthpf;fpd;wd? (my;yJ)
ngah; fw;gfk;. 36> njw;Fj;njU> fhe;jp efh; M) kq;ifauha; gpwg;gjw;Nf... vd;w jiyg;gpy;
kJiu vd;w Kfthpapy; ngw;NwhUld; trpj;J nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fUj;Jfisj;
tUfpwhh;. Njh;th; jd;id rptuhkdhf ghtpj;J njhFj;njOJf
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s chpa gbtj;jpid epug;gTk;. 45. m) Kd;Diu - fy;gdh rht;yhtpd; gpwg;G -
42. m) gs;spiaj; J}a;ikahf itj;jpUf;f cjTk; ,sikf; fy;tp - fy;Y}hpf; fy;tp -
Ie;J jpl;lq;fis vOJf. (my;yJ) tpz;ntspg;gazk; - KbTiu- ,f;Fwpg;igf;
nkhop ngah;f;f. nfhz;L fl;Liu vOJf. (my;yJ)
1) Education is what remains after one has forgotten M) gs;sp Mz;L tpoh kyUf;fhf ePq;fs; gs;sp
what one has learned in school – Albert Einstein E}yfj;jpy; gbj;j fij / fl;Liu / rpWfij /
2) Tomorrow is often the busiest day of week – ftpij ,tw;wpy; VNjDk; xU E}Yf;fhd
Spanish proverb kjpg;Giuia vOJf.
Fwpg;G : nrtp khw;Wj; jpwdhsh;fSf;fhf khw;Wtpdh
ciug;gj;jpiag; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpil khjphp tpdhj;jhs; - 3
jUf. gFjp - 1
NguurdJ nka;g;Gfio vLj;Jf;$WtJ midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;fTk; : 15x1=15
nka;f;fPh;j;jp> nghJthf ,J Nrho kd;dUila 1. ’cdjUNs ghh;g;ghd; mbNaNd”-ahh; ahhplk;
rhrdq;fspd; njhlf;fj;jpy; murDila $wpaJ?
,j;jidahtJ Ml;rpahz;L vd;W $Wkplj;J m) FyNrfuho;thhplk; ,iwtd;
mikf;fg;ngWk;. rpwg;ghf mtDila Nghh; M) ,iwtdplk; FyNrfuho;thh;
ntw;wpfisAk; tuyhw;W KiwiaAk; $wp> mtd; ,) kUj;Jthplk; Nehahsp
jd; NjtpNahL tPw;wpUe;J ePL tho;f vdf; $wp <) Nehahspaplk; kUj;Jth;
gpwNf rhrdk; vOe;j epfo;r;rpiaf; Fwpg;gpLk; 2. ’,q;F Gwefug; NgUe;J epw;Fkh?” vd;W
Nrho kd;dh; guk;giuapy; nka;f;fPh;j;jpNahL topg;Nghf;fh; Nfl;lJ-----------tpdh.
rhrdq;fisg; nghwpf;Fk; tof;fk; neLehs; ‘mNjh mq;Nf epw;Fk;” vd;W $wpaJ-------tpil.
,Ue;jjpy;iy. m) Iatpdh> Rl;Ltpil M)mwptpdh>kiwtpil
tpdhf;fs; : ,) mwpahtpdh> Rl;Ltpil
1) nka;f;fPh;j;jp vd;why; vd;d? <)nfhsy;tpdh> ,dnkhoptpil
2) nka;f;fPh;j;jpapy; rpw;ghf vOJtJ vd;d? 3) jkpopdj;ij xd;WgLj;Jk; ,yf;fpakhf k.ngh.rp
3) njhlf;fj;jpy; ahUila rhrdq;fspy; fUjpaJ----
Ml;rpahz;L $wg;gl;lJ? m) jpUf;Fws; M) GwehD}W
4) nka;f;fPh;j;jpNahL rhrdq;fisg; nghwpf;Fk; ,) fk;guhkhazk; <) rpyg;gjpfhuk;
tof;fk; ve;j kd;dh; guk;giuapy; ,Ue;jJ. 4) fUk;gpd; Edpg;gFjp ----------
5) ,t;Tiug; gj;jpf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd jiyg;G m) Jsph; M) FUj;J
xd;iwj; jUf. ,) Kwp <) nfhOe;jhil
gFjp - V (kjpg;ngz;fs; 24) 5) nghpa kPir rphpj;jhh;-,r;nrhy;Yf;fhd
gphpT - 1 njhifapd; tif vJ?
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;f. 3x8=24 m) gz;Gj;njhif M) ctikj;njhif
43. m)Mw;Wg;gLj;jy; vd;gJ md;iwf;Fg; ,) md;nkhopj;njhif <) ck;ikj;;njhif
Gyth;fisAk; fiyQh;fisAk; ts;sy;fisAk; 6) ’ntw;wp Ntw;if”-E}ypd; Mrphpah;-----
Nehf;fp newpg;gLj;Jtjhf ,Ue;jJ. mJ m) mjptPuuhk ghz;bad; M) xsitahh;
,d;iwa epiyapy; xU topfhl;Ljyhf ,) eg;G+jdhh; <) fgpyh;
khwpapUg;gij tpsf;Ff. (my;yJ) 7); ‘nry;tj;jpd; gaNd <jy;
M) vjw;fhf vOJfpNwd; vd n[afhe;jd; Ja;g;Ngk; vdpNd jg;Ge gyNt”-vd;W ghly;
$Wtdtw;iwj; njhFj;njOJf. thpfs;,lk;ngw;w E}y;---------
44. m) GaypNy xU Njhzp fijapy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s m) GwehD}W M) FWe;njhif
tUzidfSk; mLf;Fj; njhlh;fSk; ,)mfehD}W <) ghpghly;

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rthYkhf n[afhe;jd; fUJtJ. 19) ’tho;tp;y; jiyf;fdk;”>’jiyf;fdNk tho;T”
m) murpd; eyj;jpl;lq;fis nray;gLj;jy;; vd;W eh$h; &kp ahUila tho;itf;
M) ngw;w Rje;jpuj;ijg; Ngzp;f; fhj;jy; Fwpj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;?
,) mwptpay; Kd;Ndw;wk; 20) ’Nghjpjh;kh;”-Fwpg;G vOJf.
<) ntspehl;L KjyPLfs; 21) ’cyF”-vd KbAk; jpUf;Fwis vOJf
9) Vw;ghL vd;gJ------ gphpT - 2
m) fhiy M) ez;gfy; vitNaDk; Ie;J tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; FWfpa
,) #hpad; kiwAk; Neuk; <) ahkk; tpilaspf;f. 5x2 = 10
22) nrhw;fspy; kiwe;Js;s njhiffis
10) Nfhry ehl;bs; nfhil ,y;yhj fhuzk; vd;d? milahsk; fz;L njhlhpy; mikf;f
m) ey;y cs;sk; cilath;fs; ,y;yhjjhy; m) vOfjph;; M) Kj;Jg;gy;
M) Chpy; tpisr;ry; ,y;yhjjhy; 23) gonkhopfis epiwT nra;f.
,) murd; nfhLq;Nfhy; Ml;rp Ghptjhy; m) xU ghid----------- M) msTf;F--------
<) mq;F tWik ,y;yhjjhy; 24) nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;;s ,Unrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp
11) ’ve;;jkpo;eh”-vd;gijg; gphpj;jhy; ,t;thW tUk; xU njhliu mikf;;f.
m) ve;+jkpo;+eh M) ve;+jkpo;+eh m)nfhL-NfhL M)tpjp-tPjp
,) vk;+jkpo; +eh <) ve;e; +jkpo; +eh 25) fiyr;nrhw;fs; jUf
ghliyg; gbj;J gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F (12>13>14) m) Humanism M) Cultural values
tpiljUf Fwpg;G nrtp khw;Wj; jpwdhsh;f;fhd khw;W tpdh
fhopah; $tpah;> fs;nehil Ml;bah; fy;-gok; ,r;nrhw;fSf;fhd $l;lg; ngah;fis
kPd;tpiyg; gujth;> nts; cg;Gg; gfUeu; vOJf
ghrth;> thrth;> gy;epz tpiyQNuhL 26) md;nkhopj; njhif vd;why; vd;d?rhd;W jUf
XReu; nrwpe;j Cd;kyp ,Uf;ifAk;; 27) nghUj;jkhd ,;lq;fspy; epWj;jw; FwpapLf
12) ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; goq;fhyj;jpNy ghz;bad; Mz;l
m) fk;guhkhazk; M) Njk;ghtzp ngUikiaf; $wp Nrhod; Mz;l rpwg;igr;
,) kzpNkfiy <) rpyg;gjpfhuk; nrhy;yp Nrud; Mz;l khz;gridf; fhl;b ek;
13) ’XReh;” nghUs; jUf. mUikj; jkpo;ehL Mq;fpNyaUf;F
m) ntw;wpiy tpw;gth; M) Xtpah; mbikg;gl;bUe;j rpWikAk; epidT+l;b
,) ijay;fhuh; <) vz;nza; tpw;gth; tpLjiyg; Nghhpy; <Lgl tUkhW jkpoUf;F
14) ,g;ghlypy; tUk; vJifr; nrhw;fis vOJf. miog;G tpLj;jpUe;Njd;. (my;yJ)
m) fhopah>;fs;njhil M) ghrth;>thrth; 28) ’nghope;j” - gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf.
,) ghrth;>XReh; <) fhopah;>Ml;bah; gFjp - III
15) ,g;;ghly; ,aw;wpa Mrphpah; ahh;? gphpT - 1
m) fk;gh; M) tPukhKdpth; vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
,) rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhh; <) ,sq;Nfhtbfs; tpilaspf;f : 2x3=6
gFjp - II (kjpg;ngz;fs; 18) 29) ,d;iwa mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; kdpjid
gphpT - 1 Nkk;gLj;Jfpd;wdth vd;gJ Fwpj;j
vitNaDk; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; FWfpa rpe;jidfis Kd;itj;J vOJf.
mstpy; tpilaspf;f. (21 MtJ tpdhtpw;Ff; 30) rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; fhl;Lk; mwq;fs;
fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f) 4x2 = 8 ,d;iwf;Fk; NjitahditNa vd;gjw;Fr; rpy
16) tpilf;Nfw;w tpdh mikf;f. vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; jUf.
m) nkhopngah;j;jy; vd;w njhliuj; 31) ciug;gj;jpiag; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpil
njhy;fhg;gpah; kugpaypy; Fwp;g;gp;lL
; s;shh;. jUf.
17) ’khmy;;”-nghUSk;>,yf;fzf; Fwpg;Gk; jUf. njUf;$w;iwj; jkpo;f; fiyapd; Kf;fpa
18) cwq;Ffpd;w Fk;gfd;d ‘vOe;jpuha; vOe;jpuha;” milahskhfpath;. ’ehlff; fiyia kPl;nlLg;gNj
fhyJ}jh; ifapNy ‘cwq;Ftha; cwq;Ftha;” jkJ Fwpf;Nfhs;” vd;wth;. mth;jhd; $j;Jg;gl;liw
Fk;gfd;id vd;d nrhy;yp vOg;Gfpwhh;fs;? e. Kj;Jrhkp vd;w fiyQhapW. ,thpd; ehlfq;fs;

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ngq;Fapd;
ngUk;ghYk; r%f murpay; khw;wq;fisg; Ngrpd.
,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lkd;wp cyfpd; gy;NtW efuq;fspy;
,tuJ ehlfq;fs; elj;jg;gl;ld. ,e;jpa murpd;
jhkiuj;jpU tpUijAk; jkpo;ehL murpd;
fiykhkzp tpUijAk; ngw;whh;.
m) ’fiyQhapW.” –vd;W miof;fg;gl;lth; ahh;?
M) fiyQhapW mth;fspd; ehlfk; ngUk;ghYk;
vit Fwpj;J Ngrpd?
,) ,t;Tiug; gj;jpf;F nghUj;jkhd jiyg;G xd;W
jUf
gphpT - 2
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;f. (34 tJ tpdhtpwFf;
fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f) 2x3=6
32) ’cs;tha; thh;j;ij clk;G njhlhJ”-,lk; Rl;bg;
nghUs; tpsf;Ff.
33) itj;jpaehjGhp KUfd; Foe;ijahf
mzpe;jpUf;Fk; mzpfyd;fSld; nrq;fPiu
Mba tpjj;ij tpsf;Ff.
34) mbgpwohky; vOJf
‘rpWjhk;G njhLj;j” vdj; njhlq;Fk;
Ky;iyg;ghl;L ghly;. (my;yJ)
‘nta;Nahd; xsp” vdj; njhlq;Fk;
fk;guhkhazg; ghly;.
gphpT - 3
vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk;
RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;f. 2x3=6
35) njhopy; ngaUf;Fk;>tpidahyizAk;
ngaUf;Fk;,ilNa cs;s NtWghLfisf;
$Wf.
36) nfhLg;gJ}ck; Ja;g;gJ}ck; ,y;yhh;f; fLf;fpa
Nfhbcz; lhapDk; ,y ;- ,f;Fwl;ghtpw;F
myfpl;L tha;g;ghL jUf.
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gFjp - IV (kjpg;ngz;fs; 25)
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;f. 5x5=25
38) m) Ky;iyg;ghl;by; cs;s fhh;fhyr; nra;jpfis
tpthpj;J vOJf. (my;yJ)
M) ghlg;gFjpapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s nka;fPh;j;jpg;
ghlypd; eaj;ij tpsf;Ff.
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tuk;” vDk; jiyg;gpyhd fl;Liug; Nghl;bapy;
ntw;wpg; ngw;W Kjy; ghpR ngw;w Njhoid
tho;j;jp kly; vOJf. (my;yJ)
gs;sp tshfj;jpy; kuk; eL tpohtpw;F
te;jpUe;j rpwg;G tpUe;jpdUf;Fk;
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8 10 - jkpo; mKJ tpdh tq;fp
ngw;NwhUf;Fk; gs;spapd; gRikg;gil rhh;ghf
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vOJf.
41) E}yfj;jpy; cWg;gpdh; Mtjw;F chpa gbtj;ij
epug;Gf.
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nfhz;bUf;Fk; jk;gp:
ii) jpwd;NgrpNyNa tpisahbf;nfhz;bUf;Fk;
jq;if:
iii) fhnzhyp tpisahl;Lfspy; %o;fpapUf;Fk;
Njhod;:
iv) vg;;NghJk; r%f Clfq;fspy; ,aq;fpagb
,Uf;Fk; Njhop:
,th;fspy; ve;NeuKk; elg;Gyfpy; ,Uf;fhky;
fw;gid cyfpy; kpjg;gth;fshf
,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.,th;fis newpg;gLj;jp cyfpy;
nray;gl itf;f ePq;fs; nra;Ak; Kaw;rpfisg;
gl;bay; ,Lf. (my;yJ)
M) nkhop ngah;;f;f
Therukoothu is as its name indicates a popular form of
theater performed in the streets. It is performed by
rural artists. The stories are derived from epics like
Ramayana, Mahabaratha and other ancient puranas.
There are more songs in the play with dialogues
improvised by the artists on the spot. Fifteen to twenty
actors with a small orchestra forms a koothu troupe.
Though the orchrstra has a singer, the artists sings in
their own voices. Artists dress themselves with heavy
costumes and bright makeup. Koothu is very popular
among rural areas.
gFjp - V (kjpg;ngz;fs; 24)
gphpT - 1
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;f. 3x8=24
43) m) jkpopd; ,yf;fpa tsk;-fy;tp nkhop -
gpwnkhopfspy; cs;s ,yf;fps tsq;fs;-
mwptpay; fUj;Jf;fs; - gpwj;Jiw fUj;Jf;fs; -
jkpOf;Fr;nrOik. Nkw;fz;l Fwpg;Gfisf;
nfhz;L jkpOf;F tsk; Nrh;f;Fk; nkhopg;
ngah;Gf; fiy vd;w jiyg;gpy; thu,jo;
xd;Wf;F eLg;gf;f fl;Liu vOJf. (my;yJ)
M) NfhilapNy ,isghw;wpf; nfhs;Sk;tif
fpilj;j
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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82

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kyNu Mfpa njhlh;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s tOtikjp
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gaNd M) ,ltOtikjp>kuG tOtikjp>
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vOJf. (my;yJ) ,) mwpahtpdh> Rl;Ltpil
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1) ’,ts; jiyapy; vOjpaNjh ,) gz;Gj;njhif <) tpidj;njhif
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vd;gJ fz;Lgpbj;J vOJf.
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,) ntz;zpf;Faj;jpah; <) Iah; Kltdhh; (12>13>14>15) tpiljUf.

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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82

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nkj;j tzpfyKk; Nktyhy; - epj;jk; 24) nfhLf;fg;gl;l ,U nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;j ; p
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m) xsitahh; M) eg;G+jdhh; Fwpg;G: nrtpkhw;Wj; jpwdhsh;fSf;fhd khw;Wtpdh
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jkpoofdhh; vOJf.
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15) ghlypy; mike;Js;s mbvJifr; nrhw;fisf;

Fwpg;gpLf. gFjp - III
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gphpT - 1 nrhw;fis vOJf.
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fl;lhakhf tpilaspf;f) 4x2 = 8 31) ciug;gj;jpiag; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F
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m) midthpd; ghuhl;Lfshy;>ntl;fj;jpy; 34) mbgpwohky; vOJf.
ghlfhpd; Kfk; ------------

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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82
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ngq;Fapd;
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M) nkhopngah;f;f.
The Golden sun gets up early in the morning and starts
its bright rays to fade away the dark. The milky clouds
start their wondering. The colourful birds start twitting
their morning melodies in percussion. The cute
butterflies dance around the flowers. The flowers
fragrance fills the breeze. The breeze gently blows
everywhere and makes everything pleasant.
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gFjp - V (kjpg;ngz;fs; 24)
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 ,J khjphp efy; kl;LNk nkhj;j gf;fq;fs; 82

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11. jha;nkhop :
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,) rpyg;gjpfhuk; <) fk;guhkhazk;; cs;s tpdhf;fspd; tiffis vLj;njOjF
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Among the five geographical devisions of the
Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam
region was the fit for cultivation, as he had the most
fertile lands. The propertiy of a farmer depanded on
getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the
fertility of the soil. Among these elements of nature,
sunlight was considered indispensible by the ancient
Tamils.
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: Book Park - 04146-220266.
• Virudhunagar : Sethu's Book Centre - 04562-248400.

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