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Sports Psychology Annotated Bibliography

Student's Name

Institutional Affiliation
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Sports Psychology Annotated Bibliography

5 essential materials are highlighted in this annotated bibliography, which is derived from

research on mental health and mental toughness from a trainer's viewpoint. Considerations

for selecting publications include relevancy to the request and current publications as well as

context and technique. Following are the three groups of sources: A selection of relevant

candidates. An emphasis on best practices in Disaster Mental Health settings was a deciding

factor in selecting the participants. The development of decision-making tools and standards.

Driska, A.P., Kamphoff, C., Armentrou, S.M. (2012). Elite swimming coaches' perceptions

on mental toughness. The Sport Psychologist 26, 186-206.

It is the goal of this essay by Driska, Kamphoff, and Armetrou to get a deeper

knowledge of mental toughness from the standpoint of a trainer's viewpoint. After creating a

structured interview based on one of Creswell's qualitative inquiry techniques, Driska and

colleagues interviewed 13 college or nationwide team coaches. The surveys aimed to

discover what types of psychological traits are present in psychologically challenging athletes

and how swimmers develop cognitive toughness. Afterward, the questionnaires were

deciphered and analyzed separately by different researchers, who selected key quotations and

grouped them into categories. Findings were contrasted, and concepts were divided into

higher-level categories, and specific characteristics were identified. All three researchers sat

down and discussed every higher-order topic after the framework had been built and

evaluated. "mentorship" and "maintaining mental charge on bad workout sessions" are

the two sub-components found in this research. The writers' conclusions regarding

psychological fortitude are more relevant in this specific research report. A trainer's gestures

and athletes' behaviors were used to categorizing mental fortitude growth. Mental abilities

and intellectual techniques were cited as two upper-level motifs in mental fortitude growth by
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players and "creating a motivating atmosphere that encouraged psychological fortitude" by

coaches. Mental capabilities and strong self-efficacy are the subjects of this article's bulk

which a good motivating atmosphere can help to archive.

Hamilton, R.A., Scott, D., MacDougall, M.P. (2007). Assessing the effectiveness of self-talk

interventions on endurance performance. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 19(2),

226-239.

Athletes utilize self-talk regardless of whether they are aware of it or otherwise, and

investigation has proven it to help enhance effectiveness. This investigation attempts to

assess the efficiency of involvement using self-talk to test whether self-talk can be learned.

Hamilton and MacDougall gave nine cyclists self-talk therapy for five weeks while they

cycled for 20 minutes twice each week. Respondents were divided into three groups: self-

regulated optimistic consciousness, aided optimistic self (utilizing an audio cassette

containing positive phrases), and aided pessimistic consciousness (utilizing an audio cassette

containing pessimistic phrases). Each cycling practice had a 20-minute time limit. According

to the authors, each person received the therapy at a time, while all others were performing in

the background; thus, any gains should be a function of the treatment alone. Self-talk

therapies increased productivity across the board, with the aided self-talk intervention

exhibiting the largest increases. Especially for agility athletes, workout length plays a crucial

influence in their performance. Having the ability to work harder than their opponents for

extended periods can offer a sportsman an edge. In addition to stress tolerance, mental

strength is also affected by exercise length. As a result of this research, which demonstrates

that self-talk increases workout length, it is reasonable to think that self-talk may potentially

be used to enhance mental fortitude.

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Jones, G., Hanton, S., Connaughton, D. (2002). What is this thing called mental toughness?

An investigation of elite sports performers. Journal of Applied Sports

Psychology 14(3), 205-218.

While "mental toughness" is often used by players, trainers, and sporting therapists,

there is no agreement regarding what it means or the attributes associated with it. To define

what "mental toughness" is and what its distinguishing characteristics are, Jones has written

this study. A focused group ideation session, personal interviews, and eventually the

investigators' synthesis of concepts led to a description and 12 essential qualities of mental

fortitude. "Mental strength" is defined in the concept as a mental advantage over competitors

that may be alternatively inherent or learned, and it has not only a generalized element

(related to competitiveness, practice, and living constraints of athletics) but also a particular

component (pertaining to stressful conditions or competitiveness). In general,

self-belief/confidence, will & drive, attention, and coping with personal stress and societal

forces are the most common qualities listed in the study. In addition to serving as an outline,

this piece acts as the thesis paper's core subject and a starting point. Mental strength may be

learned, acquired, and strengthened if it can be developed. It is also important to note that the

list of qualities highlights the elements that may be targeted to enhance mental fortitude in

athletes.

Mattie, P., Munroe-Chandler, K. (2012). Examining the relationship between mental

toughness and imagery used. Journal of Applied Sports Psychology 24(2), 144-156.

Psychological fortitude was well-documented before this paper, but limited was

known about the influence of certain cognitive abilities in building mental fortitude. As a

sporting performing cognitive training technique, imaging is among the most commonly used

psychological conditioning strategies. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the link

between mental fortitude and visualization. The Sporting Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ) and
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the Mental Toughness 48 Inventory (MT48) were administered to 151 elite undergraduate

players at Southwest Ontario University by Mattie and Munroe-Chandler. The SIQ evaluates

the frequency with which five distinct scale scores of vision are employed on a seven-point

rating scale. Stimulation and competence are two of the predictor variables of the cognitively

particular and cognitively universal predictor variables, respectively. According to a five-

point rating scale, the MT48 evaluates both mental fortitude and the "4 C's." The authors

utilized multilevel mixed regression techniques to evaluate if there was a link between mental

fortitude and visualization. According to the study's findings, motivational general-mastery

images showed the highest link to greater rates of psychological fortitude. v Mental strength

may be enhanced by using positive self–dominance visualization. According to Jones et al.,

having strong self-efficacy is a crucial component.

Whitmarsh, B.G., Alderman, R.B., (1993). Role of psychological skills training in increasing

athletic pain tolerance. The Sport Psychologist 7, 388-399.

Tension exposure therapy is one form of cognitive competence development that may

be utilized to control arousal or tension. In the therapeutic environment, stress inoculation

training has been found to enhance pain threshold as well. Whitmarsh and Alderman

investigated to assess the efficacy of SIT in improving discomfort threshold in healthy

athletes. These 47 endurance athletes were divided into the control class, the sport-related

tension exposure cohort, and the skills development team. For a prolonged as feasible, each

person was obliged to sit against a wall as long as possible. To evaluate uncomfortable

endurance (the maximum duration until failing), soreness severity, and pain threshold

methods, the experimentalists asked participants how frequently they exercised at household

and the difference in discomfort management among subgroups and before/after the therapy.

As opposed to the control sample, both subgroups who got some kind of SIT exhibited a

marked improvement in pain threshold. There was also a substantial decrease in reported pain
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in the SIT subgroups (P =.05). Jones et al. (2002) argue that trying to push away the bounds

of physiological pain is a crucial aspect of cognitive fortitude. This paper demonstrates the

usefulness of SIT to improve pain tolerance.