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I wanted something that covered the wider history, and broad theory behind the subject. Efforts at
influencing public opinion wins elections. Milgram went on to develop this experiment across
cultures, sexes and in different environments, the results did not vary much overall. At high level,
but in a level not to be confusing with too specific terms, not explained additionally. It was not
hostile external forces that committed the crime, but rather their former neighbors and friends, the
Hutus. I found this section hit and miss. Providing advice for resisting situational pressure was
invaluable, the sections theorizing on the make-up of heroes was a little idealistic and theoretical
compared to the robustly conceptualized other sections. I think that education about propaganda
methods, and management of self concept within societal norms provides the safest wider
community. Now he specializes in sharing his knowledge on public websites. What is it within us that
CAUSES us to respond to circumstances in that negative fashion, as opposed to the other way
around. The Stanford Prison Experiment chapters are excruciatingly long and detailed, but parts of
this section can be skipped without diminishing the overall effect. It’s important because it examines,
in minute detail, the events of a now infamous experiment: the Stanford Prison Experiment. The
breakdown is as follows: 200 pages on Zimbardo's Prison Experiment, 100 pages of analysis of the
experiment, 75 pages on Abu Ghraib, 75 pages about the Bush administration's culpability, 50 pages
on factors for improvement, 25 pages on heroism, and 50 pages of footnotes. This view of human
behavior is easily put to rest with examples like how you behave around your closest friends versus
young children. The banality of the response was not lost on political theorist Hanna Arendt who
analysed the trial and implications of the defence of war criminal Adolph Eichmann in Jerusalem.
Zimbardo is also the one who ran the infamous Stanford Prison Experiment in the 1970s. I'm
currently teaching a social psychology course, so I (reluctantly) decided to read it, and I'm really glad
I did. This was run, not by Stanley Milgram, as people often think, but by Philip Zimbardo, and even
he became caught up in the act of it. But what about perfectly good, decent people who are kind
towards others until being put in a situation where you are told to be a guard over others. Like
Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem and Steven Pinker's The Blank Slate, The Lucifer Effect is a
shocking, engrossing study that will change the way we view human behavior. He worked a few
years in a nursing home where he specialized himself in neurodegenerative disorders (alzheimer,
parkinson), Personality Disorders and Emotional disorders (depression). Such is the central question
which Zimbardo tried to answer in “The Lucifer Effect”: how exactly does a good person become
evil. Would recommend the book to all psychology interested readers, those who like to explain to
themselves the human behavior, those managing people in any way, prison guards. Yet is had
achieved its aim, demonstrating how good people can learn quickly to do bad things. The life of the
involved in the experiment, the well-known stories (examples) of war-related inhuman behavior are
told in a viewer point of view with the idea of further analysis. Social conditioning plays a huge part
in our cognitive makeup, a part we’re not always aware of until it’s too late. The only down side,
obviously this book is a bit wordy. This study went on in the 70s at Stanford University. It is believed
that we carry these attributes with us throughout life, and they influence how we act. He found
around 20 men who passed his mental health test as well as criminal background tests. Z draws on
experiences with Guantanamo, Abu Ghraib, Third Reich, and all of them are fascinating and
horrifying examples of what seemingly good people will do to each other when an authority tells
them to.
This is the same way that traditional psychiatry views mental illness. This view of human behavior is
easily put to rest with examples like how you behave around your closest friends versus young
children. See, I guess at some point he put together some kind of massive 26-episode series of half-
hour lectures on how the mind works for public TV. I suspect many would find this section grueling
and difficult to read but ultimately the lessons learned are important ones. He wants to be true to his
assumptions, and make his case. After describing this experiment in much detail, Zimbardo goes on
to discuss the ethics of the experiment and to apply it to a variety of prisoner-guard situations. We
are all capable of good as much as evil depending on circumstances. Later in the years TV show
interviews, personal relations and so on, does not bring the same energy as the first part and
definitely does not bring added value. The idea was to separate the participants into two groups,
guards and prisoners with Zimbardo taking the role of prison overseer in a monitored environment. A
lot of psychology books tend to be a bit dry or scientifically wordy, becoming tedious and stodgy.
The guards became completely absorbed in their roles and psychologically abused the prisoners; the
prisoners, for their part, quickly displayed signs of learned helplessness and mostly broke rather than
successfully resisting their guards. The Lucifer Effect delves into the psychology of roles we assume
when forced into power struggles. This book, this experiment, isn’t all there is to be said about
human nature, of course. But after working there, he became cruel and sadistic to those imprisoned
there. The seminal experiment where (Spoiler alert I guess) where ordinary young men were put in a
simulated prison situation (randomly assigned to prisoners and guards, mind) and the whole thing
had to be shut down before the week ended due to inhumane abuse and practices. His work is of a
great importance and great interest of mine. I expected something far less in the weeds, something
less limited to the SPE and Abu Ghraib. Just like there were Milgram participants who refused to
give shocks even when authority figures told them to, you can find it in yourself to say no if you
don’t feel something is okay. If you (like me) are tiered of hearing Zimbardo talk (on and on) about
this (over 30 year old) finding (from a poorly designed experiment that was aborted half way
through), than really think twice before picking this one up. If they didn’t follow orders, another
person (the learner) would suffer. But he still used the findings of the experiment to theorise why it
actually happened and considered how normal people can become violent and evil so quickly. He
was elected President of the American Psychological Association in 2002. This hits home, living in a
society that encourages individualism. READ FULL SUMMARY OF THE LUCIFER EFFECT
Here's a preview of the rest of Shortform's The Lucifer Effect summary: The Lucifer Effect Summary
The Nature of Human Evil: Two Opposing Theories Zimbardo defines evil as any intentional harm
done to innocent people. I find this book helpful, and full of great observations. Such empiric
scientific work show us principles of less known disciplines as the social engineering, which I find
myself mainly interested in. The first 200 or so pages are about The Stanford Prison Experiment
(1971 study involving the psychological effects of prisoners and prison guards). What is it within us
that CAUSES us to respond to circumstances in that negative fashion, as opposed to the other way
around. We are capable of resisting evil, he argues, and can even teach ourselves to act heroically. I
much preferred the first section of the book, the part about his research, rather than his speculations
on situations with seperate cultural and social factors.
Like this one which really came out there unexpectedly, and had me laughing so hard. All he told the
guards was to make the prisoners behave, but at the same time, do not physically harm them. But
still, the fact remains that you don’t have to scratch far below the surface to find something
unsavoury about the way humans seem to act. The evil perpetrators in history are found to be as
ordinary as could be. This is why surprise, surprise the people, who committed those “you can not
believe they did that” acts against prisoners at Abu Ghraib, while responsible for their actions, aren’t
solely to blame. This is a disturbing book, but one that has never been more necessary. Perhaps, it is
just that it is part of our nature, and yet unlike animals, we appear to be the most vicious of all in the
animal kingdom, but also the most loving. Note -- every participant in the experiment was
prescreened for signs of preexisting psychopathology and all were found to be completely normal.
The first half of the book is a written reenactment of his Stanford Prison Experiment organized in
1971 in which he selected a group of college students to assume the role of prisoners and another
group to assume the role of guards, set up in a mock prison, they were to endure a set of prison rules
for two weeks. This view of human behavior is easily put to rest with examples like how you behave
around your closest friends versus young children. The final 200 pages discusses events at the Abu
Ghraib prison in Baghdad, as well as other excesses of the Bush administration in terms of what has
been learned about human behavior from the SPE and similar experiments. But things quickly went
from weird to damn right unethical. Arendt concluded that he was not a fanatic or mentally unstable,
but that he had done evil things in a business-like manner and had done this all because he believed
he was obeying orders. Some were breaking down mentally and wanted out, but by then some had
forgotten that they could leave anytime, just as those guards had forgotten how to treat others with
dignity. It frighten us with results of how easily people can be manipulated into a role — both
guards and prisoners. Always questions the ideologies that people present to you that justify evil
acts. Once I saw the light and new subject was finally presented (maybe around page 236) I was
pretty burnt out and at that point, I didn't care anymore. And I admit, Zimbardo's answers are
incomplete but still pretty impressive. We all make mistakes like this from time to time because we’re
human. This is the situational approach to understanding human behavior. It argues that what you do
depends on the situation you’re in. Finally Zimbardo concludes with advice on heroism and resisting
systematic and situational pressure to do wrong. Each of us are capable of these things, given the
right circumstances--according to Zimbardo. READ FULL SUMMARY OF THE LUCIFER
EFFECT Here's a preview of the rest of Shortform's The Lucifer Effect summary: The Lucifer Effect
Summary The Nature of Human Evil: Two Opposing Theories Zimbardo defines evil as any
intentional harm done to innocent people. This later became a mirror that aided in analyzing the
scandalous tortures of prisoners of war in Abu Ghraib Prison in Iraq by US military personnel in
2003. We celebrate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander stories, traditions and living cultures; and
we pay our respects to Elders past and present. Unlock the full book summary of The Lucifer Effect
by signing up for Shortform. Community Reviews 3.92 24,005 ratings 1,289 reviews 5 stars 8,225
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Filters Displaying 1 - 30 of 1,288 reviews Rebecca 40 reviews 30 followers September 3, 2008 Philip
Zimbardo’s The Lucifer Effect is a difficult read, not because its premise is particularly startling, but
because its examination of the psychology of evil shows it to be disturbingly simple. Are you
speaking of “possessing” in regards to the tormentors raping the tormented here. This hits home,
living in a society that encourages individualism.

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