Faculty of Computing and AI, Air University, Islamabad

Department of Creative Technologies

Software Engineering

DATABASE SYSTEMS
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Reg. No.: __________________________
Name: __________________________

PREPARED BY
Mr. Sharif Hussain
(Lecturer)

LAB: NO. 2

Lab No. 02: Intro to Oracle DBMS SQL*PLUS environment & Oracle Installation

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 Intro to Oracle DBMS SQL*PLUS environment

List the features of Oracle Database 19c

Discuss the theoretical and physical aspects of a relational
Objectives

database
Describe Oracle server’s implementation of RDBMS and
object relational database management system
(ORDBMS)
What is SQL and basic SQL queries

Instructions
 This is individual Lab work/task.
 Complete this lab work within lab timing.
 You can consult any book, notes & Internet.
 Lab work is divided into small tasks, complete all tasks sequentially.
 Show solution of each lab task to your Lab Instructor.
 Paste your solution (i.e. code) in given space under each task.
 Also make a zip/rar archive of all lab tasks and upload to GCR before leaving lab.
 In-Lab Exercises/Tasks

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 DBMS (Relational Database Management System):
 A database management system (DBMS) is software that controls the storage,
organization, and retrieval of data.
 RDBMS (Relational Database Management System):
 SQL (Structured Query Language):
 SQL is a standard database language used to access and manipulate data in databases.
 SQL stands for Structured Query Language and it is an ANSI standard computer
language for accessing and manipulating database systems. It is used for managing
data in relational database management system which stores data in the form of tables
and relationship between data is also stored in the form of tables. SQL statements are
used to retrieve and update data in a database.
 SQL was developed by IBM Computer Scientists in the 1970s, by executing queries
SQL can create, update, delete, and retrieve data in databases like MySQL, Oracle,
PostgreSQL, etc. Overall SQL is a query language that communicates with databases.
 ORACLE
 Oracle Database is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that Oracle
Corporation created and marketed.
 It is widely used in enterprise applications.
 It is used to store and retrieve data for a wide range of applications. Oracle Database
is well-known for its dependability, scalability, and performance, and it is compatible
with a wide range of programming languages and development frameworks.
 Oracle database is compatible with a wide range of platforms such as Windows,
UNIX, Linux, and macOS. It supports several operating systems like IBM AIX, HP-
UX, Linux, Microsoft Windows Server, Solaris, SunOS, macOS, etc.
 It includes data warehousing, online transaction processing, and advanced analytics,
as well as high availability, disaster recovery, and security.
 Oracle Database employs client-server architecture, with the database server and
client connections running in separate processes.
 The server process manages data and resources, and client connections communicate
with the server to access and manipulate data.
 SQL, PL/SQL (Oracle’s proprietary procedural language), and Java are among the
programming interfaces supported by Oracle Database.
 It also includes tools for database management and administration, such as Oracle
Enterprise Manager and SQL Plus.
 PL/SQL (procedural language extension to Structured Query Language):
 In Oracle database management, PL/SQL is a procedural language extension to
Structured Query Language (SQL).
 The purpose of PL/SQL is to combine database language and procedural
programming language.
 The basic unit in PL/SQL is called a block and is made up of three parts: a declarative
part, an executable part and an exception-building part.
 Oracle Database Editions In Order Of Priority:
 Enterprise Edition: It is the most robust and secure edition. It offers all features,
including superior performance and security.

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  Standard Edition: It provides the base functionality for users that do not require
Enterprise Edition's robust package.
 Express Edition (XE): It is the lightweight, free and limited Windows, and Linux
edition.
 Oracle Lite: It is designed for mobile devices.
 Personal Edition: It's comparable to the Enterprise Edition but without the Oracle
Real Application Clusters feature.
 Oracle Database Version History & Oracle Release Versions

 ORACLE DATABASE 19c: FOCUS AREAS

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 Install Oracle Database 19c on Windows step by step
1. Download Oracle Database 19c software for Windows
 First step is to get the Oracle 19c software for Windows from the official Oracle
download page
 We will focus on the Oracle Database 19c (19.3) for Microsoft Windows x64 (64-
bit) package.
2. Launch the setup wizard
 Once the download is complete
 Unzip the package then copy it to the root of your disk;
 Rename the folder, choose a shorter name (eg. db_home);
 Then launch the setup.
 Note: the installation wizard may take several minutes to open. So be patient.

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3. Choose database installation options

4. Select database installation type

 The first option allows you to install a single instance database on your server.
Oracle Database with the Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) option allows
multiple instances running on different servers to access the same physical
database stored on shared storage. As we want to install Oracle 19c on a single
server, we select option 1.

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 You can create a database after installation by using Oracle Database
Configuration Assistant (Oracle DBCA).

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5. Choose database edition
 The version of the database to install depends on your needs. For an application
developer or and medium-size companies, the standard version covers practically
all needs.To take full advantage of Oracle 19c, you can install the Enterprise
version. Obviously, the Enterprise version requires more resources (storage,
RAM, CPU).

6. Specify Oracle home user

 During Oracle Database installation, you can specify an optional Oracle home
user associated with the Oracle home. Oracle home user can be a Windows built-
in account (LocalSystem for Server and LocalService for Client), virtual account,
or a regular (not an administrator) Windows account. If you specify an existing
user as the Oracle home user, then the Windows user account you specify can
either be a Windows domain user or a Windows local user.

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7. Specify the location of Oracle software
 In a default Windows installation, the Oracle base directory appears as follows:
DRIVE_LETTER:\app\username where username is the Oracle installation user if
you choose Windows built-in account, else it is the Oracle Home user (standard
Windows user account). You can change this directory at your convenience or
leave it as default.

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8. Minimum requirements checks, summary and end of the installation

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9. Click install if no error occurs

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10. That’s it. You can close the installation wizard now

11. You can take a look at the different components of your installation from the
Windows start menu
12. Use windows command prompt to login in 19c database SQL.

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