Ame mass aoe 4 NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH (New Edition) EXERCISE COMPANION 4: Fluency in English English edition of New Concept English © L. G. Alexander 1967 Original English ruateraal © Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. 1997 This edition of New Concept English EXERCISE COMPANION 4 with the addition of Chinese maternal © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press and Pearson Education North Asa Ltd., 2001. Thus edition is published under the Longrran unprint, which 1s an imprint of Pearson Education Group, and by amengement with Pearson Education North Asia Led. , Hoag Kong. Licensed for sale in the manland territory of tke People’s Reoublic of China only. This simphited Chinese characters cdition first published 172001 jointly by Foregn Language Teaching and Research Pross and Pearson Eduestion North Asia Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmiued in any form or by any means, elecironie, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior wniten permission of the Publishers. SHE ALA : FEA COMIPEL) CAR BE BEC) ES: LE i: whe SCR) HEB: (EK DTA: JURE AR AMBIT: qe SMS SRA BEAL Stee tee MARA Dee APMETRA ZL RM MAAIES IAL, FAME ADR RAED APSA BUR AGE HE A RE th JLB AE BIS ARB, SES ee By Da ; LAMAR ME HARA RS, AG RH BARE A Pe FCB IE BBX ( Longman 9 28 AE BUFF Hi ESR BH (Pearson Education Group Aral 2 FaERCRABB) CR) TE CRE RIB) 1967 FAR UK SB UME AD BPR. WE, ee A OBE BH NO A SBE EBLE HY ROSIE A ARS Tad RASH SMRERREE EARS. CHAE GF AEB) GR) AAR Ba Ae ER. AREAS WI, WEURRAAS SAHRA, BMA RRS (AeA FS, eR AR RP Ce EE 1) CHM) WEAR HER, HERP RE SAE IMR ARE WAH AO HRB. CRI) (GR) HPA OE, (ap A iB AE BIR LD ONCE Study Guade £, First Things First) (ie SRG oF HQ) (NCE Study Guide 2: Practice & Progress) (AAS OF HEB) ONCE Study Guede 3: Developing Skilts) Cap SRE DERI AD (NCE Study Gude 4: Fluency im English) (aR RIB MEL) ONCE Exercise Com penton 1; Fors Thangs Perse) (8 8, PRB AED EME 2) (NCE Exercise Companion 2: Practice & Progress) (HE RBA AM 3) (NCE Exercise Companion 3: Developing Skills) LAS SEB OK ERE 4) (NCE Exercise Companion 4: Fluency iat English ) (HI AS EB FAP) (An NCE Grammar Handbook) CHa LR) (An NCE Complete Vocabulary List) (HME RBMIC AEF AY (An NCK Pocket Dictionary) CHER RH RA SAPD (Recorded Drilis for NCE)Preface This Exercise Companion is intended for all students of Fluency in English , but particularly for those working on their own. Detailed answer keys and notes are given for ell the exercises in the Student’s Book, Lessons 1~ 48. These cover: * Grammar, vocabulary and written exercises (including Key to Comprehension, Key to Vocabulary, Key to Sentence structure, Key to Key structures, Key to The paragraph, Key to Summa- ry, Key to Composition, Key to Special difficulties and ete. } * Multiple choice questions We believe that these additional notes will help students from all backgrounds to benefit from the course and to complete it successful- ly. £6. Pee. Lovis George AlexanderaT = KRING) SARAH CHAE) WEIR MR, HEAT AEE. Bb, SERPS AE ANS 48 UR BTA RS ee, Sd: 7. DSS] (CNBR IBSSR. WIAA SHER, UTHMAISSER, RTM ISHER RERISSER, MARISSAR, KLRASPER SME BA RS) SRAAAD. FRAT fesak eR BE EA Ae ak, FEM PRR, L.6. 7.4, L.G. BARWAWat Se - Lesson 1 Finding fossil man BRL TA Lesson 2 Spare that spider AE fh MIBK Lesson 3 Matterhorn man $9 BR KA Lesson 4 Seeing hands 86 @ SLA PH AG Lesson § Youth #4F Lesson 6 The sporting spirit (A AHF + Lesson 7 Bats Si Lesson § Trading standards 42 #RHE Lesson 9 Royal espionage 7 5 BRAK ah Lesson 10 Silicon Valley #E4 Lesson 11. How to grow old 0/2) 32 EMRE Lesson 12 Banks and their customers 4247 AU Lesson 13. The search for oil RAH MW Lesson 14 The Butterfly Effect #19221, Lesson 15 Secrecy in industry “Tate 4 a4 a Lesson 16 The modern city #U¢Q3RTE Lesson 17 A man-made disease AW ATBUR - Lesson 18 Porpoises 389K - Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams iH BAIA - Lesson 20 Snake poison SE 3F - Lesson 21 William S. Hart and the early ‘Western’ film FBUBRE S-VO-RR AL LWA“ EB RE Be nee eet eeereee 185 Lesson 22 Knowledge and progress IBURIEEME sess 195Lesson 23 Lesson 24 Lesson 37 Lesson 38 Lesson 39 Lesson 40 Lesson 41 Lesson 42 Lesson 43 Lesson 44 Lesson 45 Lesson 46 Lesson 47 Lesson 48 it + 205 Bird flight 3 8H BK Beauty 3€ + 229 ‘The past life of the earth HURR_E MH AER +> 241 The Vasa “MR” S -- Patients and doctors AS BEE - The hovercraft VHSAR eres Exploring the sea-floor #6) BUR - 281 The sculptor speaks E22 A018 F + 292 Galileo reborn {i ABS HY SE 4 + 303 Education 8 7F serene Adolescence Baw Ween ee erence ree araer tices BIG Space odyssey KARH + 338 The cost of government BAF HUFF + 348 The process of ageing HAR - + 358 Water and the traveller 2k MUIR 45-2 + 369 What every writer wants (ERS AG + 379 Waves Hi settee + 390 Training elephants ill KAR + 399 Recording an earthquake ic Rite - - 409 Are there strangers in space? 9° oH} A Sh HE ARNG? Me «420 Patterns of culture Hea wk terete reanvaneees ABZ Of men and galaxies AAA Hobbies W BME vee The great escape AMET: creer Planning a share portfolio SEU MCG SR + 453WK 1S BARRISTER 1. The boy was able to get to the sea bed quickly because the weight of the stone carried him down. 2. The boy found it difficult to swim after he was inside the tunnel because it was so narrow and because the water pushed him up against the roof. 3. The boy got into 2 panic as he swam through the tunnel because he wondered if the tunnel might be filled with weed. WLAASZER gougles(1.1) = large spectacles with rubber frames that people wear when they dive or swim underwater so that the water cannot get into their eyes filled his fungs(1.3)= breathed, or drew in, as much air inta his lungs as he could, until they were full wriggling (1.5) = moving or twisting his shoulders with short, quick movements forward and backward , or from side to side as levers(1.9)= like tools, often mezal bars, that are used for lifting or moving something heavy or stiff dizzied(1.10) = made him feel dizzy or slightly confused and light-headed inflated (1.11) = blown up or swollen (with air), full of air slimy (1,13) =unpleasantly slippery, like rotten seaweedHESASLSR His lungs were hurting, but he went on counting. At a hundred and fifteen, he saw a crack with sunlight coming through, but he could not swim up. He had to go on through the tunnel although his head was aching and his lungs cracking. He pulled himself forward, repeating a hundred and fifteen and feeling that he was going to become unconscious. Suddenly there was green light, he groped forward, felt nothing and kicked up into the open sea. (80 words} FEREISESR [The most frightening experience 1 have ever had. ] The story of the boy swimming to the open sea through a long water-filled tunnel immediately reminded me of an experience | had a few years ago. I was still at school at the time. The town I lived in was situated on the coast and in a valley with hills round it, and some friends and 1 used to enjoy cycling up into the hills at weekends to go caving. ] must explain that the iocal hills had been formed from soft rock and were full of caves, which in their turn had been formed over millions of years by streams and underground rivers. One weekend, we decided to go down one cave which was quite difficult. In fact we had arranged for a professional experienced caver to act as our guide and take us down. We cycled out and met our guide at a cavers’ hut, changed into our caving clothes, collected our equipment together—helmets and lamps, ropes, rope ladders and so on—and walked to the entrance of the cave. 2At first we had no difficulties. Then, when we were about 30 metres below ground and were walking along in an underground stream, the roof of the tunnel dipped down in front of us and we came to a large pool of water. We thought that was the end of the tunnel. Not at all. Instead of turning back, cur guide said: ‘The tunnel goes under the water here for two or three metres. Just lie down on your stomach, take a deep breath and pull yourself through. You'll only be under water for a few seconds. Just follow me.’ We were all horrified —but we did it. That was the most frightening experience I have ever had and I dreaded the idea of going back through in order to get out of the cave again. Fortunately, our guide then told us that there was another way out through another tunnel which did not involve diving underwater. We were all very pleased! (336 words)Lesson 1 Finding fossi] man KERMAN 1) Be CS Sees BRS ISESE 1. Anthropologists can learn something about the history of ancient peoples who have not left written records by studying the sagas that have been handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. 2. Ancient men preferred to use flint for making tools because it is easier to shape than other kinds of stone. WLS ISSSR In most countries, the money to preserve ancient buildings and works of art comes from tourism, but tourism can also destroy the things we seck to preserve The children sat in a circle while the actor recounted the story of the beginning of the world These days, scientists can test their theories about the migrations of early peoples by looking at the geographical distribution of particular genetic types within modern populations Recently, anthropologists at the British Museum presented an exhibition about the ceremonies and traditions of the MexicanDay of the Dead. Rock and cave paintings made in the remote past have now been found in most parts of the world. Left where they fall, dead trees graduzlly decay, providing a home for mushrooms and insects, so that the cyele of life begins again. The painting was missing, and whoever had taken it had simply vanished without trace AFEMNEISESR A. See text. B. An archaeologist studies the remains left by people who lived long ago, such as their dwellings, their tools, their burials, so as to learn how and where they lived. C. 1. The earliest written records we have come from the Near East, and are about 5,000 years old. 2. For the period before written records began, we have to rely on sagas, stories handed down orally from one generation to another. 3. Stone tools which, unlike wood and skins, do not decay, also provide evidence of our remote ancestors. READ SASSER A. We can use either a past participle construction: tools made of stone, or a relative clause: which /who(m) + be + past participle: Tools (which were) made of stone were used for scraping and cutting. Legends (which have been) recorded in the form of sagas 5provide some information about the migrations of ancient peoples. The remains (which were) found at the back of the cave were dated to about 20,000 years before the present. B. 1. say 2. told 3. say 4. tell C. We form phrasal verbs to express where something is obtained from: verb+ object + from : Do you mind my asking where you got it from! I doughs it from a second-hand shop in South London. D. After help + object, we can use either the infinitive with zo or the bare infinitive: Would you mind helping ze to lift this box, please? The children helped me make the tree decorations. E. See text. 7 «1. Your mother may have called when you were out. 2. You may have /efi your umbrella in the waiting room. 3. He may have changed his mind. ERAISEER A. 1. Part always refers to a part of a whole: @ part of a country, a part of the world , parts of this building, etc. Place refers to location: « place in town, a place on the shelf, places where things are kept. 2. History is an objective account of a series of events: the history of a country, @ person's history, the history of our times. A story 18 an account, possibly fictional or partly so, told from the teller’s own point of view: a bedtime story, the story of my life» Wonder means ‘ask oneself’: wonder what someone means Wander means ‘walk without paying attention to one’s direction’: wander around the house/toun , trying to decide what ta do. . Like (preposition) takes a direct object, which can be a noun (dike this job). a pronoun (dike someone), or a noun clause (ike what you do). As (adverb of manner or of comparison) introduces a clause and could be replaced with ‘that which’: do as I say, or ‘in the way that’; think as you do. . Find out means ‘learn, discover information, and is often intransitive’: How did he find out { the truth/ about this) ? Find means ‘come across or discover something that might be fost or not immediately available’: find a missing letter, find somewhere to stay. We also use find to express an opinion based on experience: I find it hard to understand him, I find it best to say nothing . - Ancient means * part of history’: ancient manuscripts, ancient customs (and, giving cxaggerated dignity to the idea of age, ancient friendships). Old means ‘not new’: old buildings , old friendships. old injuries; end not young: old people, old age. . A tool is essentially an extension of the hand, and thus applies to processes that are mechanicel: a cutting tool , a polishing tool, a machine tool .An instrument is a device for non-mechanical tasks: @ measuring instrument, a surgical instrument, a scientific instrument . 8. Stone is the material of which things can be built or made: building stone, stone quarry, a stone house, a stone bridge. Stone also refers to small accidental pieces of stone: @ stone in my shoe, a sharp stone. Rock is the material in a state of nature: bedrock, igneous rock, a (natural) rock bridge, weathered rocks, rock cliffs. Rock also refers to a large, {ree- standing piece of rock; @ round rock , rocks on the road . 9. Skin is the natural protective covering of a living person or thing: my skin, tiger skin, @ banana skin. Leather is the material made fron the cleaned, dried and processed skin of an animal such as a pig or cow: leather shoes, leather upholstery. . Do you happen to know where he comes from? . It so happens that he comes from the same town as me. weno » Can you tell me what happened at college yesterday? BAGG F Comprehension #2 1. (e) HER XH 2—~4 FF"The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas—legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another (4B {7 PRE BE — Ok EH HE DERE, A,A BE ROE PR)”, SSN SRE Hak SE A AS th AT Pe 36ST (c) passing knowledge of the past from one generation to another( #30 A) B44 — RFE E FE) HEM, PERSE AR ATT SS, A EI (a) teaching people how to write( MATS SF) WHT. USI RR BEAT WF 5,000 2F LA BT eA: A, WA REREAD , Aue (b) MER BARRE . - fa) ‘ FDA HEL RIC 1 ERS RRSP migrations of people who lived iong ago (4 3 Ze 48 A LA wit HA fT BS AE JE)ULB some of them came from Indonesia ( ft 714449 — HAS B 9) BE Je WB ME ) FT UA FE BT 8 Hl (a) moved from one place to another( A — #8618 2) A — 3h) BIE, RAPA Be AB A BED BE J FS WD , Fe HE HT Cb) came from Indonesia AF8RH «GALA HT Ae Ay HR 11 BF A TE a AL, RR A 11 ee Of, Dk (c)have left us information about their migrations( #1 BaP TX fib 15 0 fe) PEA Cd) preserved their sagas and legends( (R&T (417 (9) Be Me Wee 3 AN FRU) WB He « (b) ALEBIRSCH 5 ~ 6 47“ Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from( AZ Rit EAB KE > EGEA EHS bid BEA Se 8 3)” , 4K (b) how the Polynesian Islands came to be inhabiced( A(T 80491 5 JB 75 Ue AE 8 SE tA) WOR. eG (2)how Indonesia came to be inhabited( Af] 9fel fi 0S PE Je EY), we (c) why the Polynesian people travelled from Indonesia( Yk A J2 Fi EA, Jatt ZS OT AE Je Pa Te. ot WE) #1 BL Cd) how the sagas 10ld by ancient people were written( A A THR AOS RE RE PICT RA) MIRAE, WHAT. 4. (d) RIEDEL GA 12 ~ 14 47 "Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace( 4736 AARE AKRPMERHLANANHAKE ARR Terr, (Ae rE AR GK ART OF OR)”, Bs (d)ancient tools made from stone( # # #9 A fi CA) Bie BR, MRE ANLATRAL EAS, it 7B fe A GEA (a) materials that are easy to shape( Sb FR AY AY HL) BRIE FA (b) the bones of men who made tools( #! FELAWAW AS) T REAM BH. GY BRAG BAER AMBRE ARE AS, AE eT (c) stones that do not decay( PATH A 3) AB IRIA, Stracture 5. (d) be unable to do sth. SBN" 2 HB MH”, EF cannot, FAL (d) unable 37iE HH. be incapable of doing sth. 48F be unable to do sth. , incapable Ja iff A AE RR rial of + doing sth. MARR MAKER, KOBE AMS TBR AY ata 7 fe AT A Je SP al of , He BEAM (a) incapable AR RA, WA (b)impotent ARB LE AY” BOO RH. HM (c)enable A sh tel , REN GE ABR” A RE ATF AR AB ae ZG WHAM,6. (b) AMELESECWNRA, KORUNA UNITAT BRA GR” AANA by LOSS ALG eR RB f-ing st, 75 BE BR Shia , MR (bby handing TED , MT (aby hand WHR. BHi(c)to hand # WARE KAANAANMBAAA ARR. Bi(d)in hand A ECAR. 7. (a) ABFERRMAN AT, KER AW why, BAK Bi AS FE 47 i HEH (Cd) reason, i ERE A FEE ff) HN: I asked the reason for the decision . (28 74) [a] HT EHR. ) HEM Ca) cause He a BSR Be + AY JRA, Al the cause of explosion (AB HE JAA). 2 UT (b)effect®t AN“ 2 FR” “BOR”, RGB why HEAL. HEU (co) why RE FE Soft ial, MS OR, 8. (a) AA BEAT EB ae A PR ECLA any , REET (alany AEGM, AP PABA T Se al nor, Aiea (b)none. #4 (c)no one MIE (dno MAH RM. Vocabulary iC 9. fa) ALBA BH AS tr ASC. SEE A ER” — ift tell/narrate a story/stories, IM Ai make a story #& say a story, tt Bi i (a) tell Jy TE WASH , BETH Cb) make Fil 6 Bi (c)say WHR, HIB + 1 OT LA UE recount a story, fA BARA, He” RE (d) recount 4 Re Wi 10. (c) RR RIE NA I-k EB, BH (c) record Al ye iL1. 12. 12 Au TE EH, HET (a) make AEA Cb) know aR BR HES, ABR. WW (d) nore BME 3”, We noted that she was late again. (#2 (i) EEE 38) kt RRAT. note HA WHR eR” ie PR” A EAM Ail note down, (a) ARAB ER CK 6 — 7 FF “The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago Af] MOR AER OER TAT PRE AEE A F-AE LAW MED BE Je 8 WE ER 89)” 79 OB ee A TEA PA Se EE EY PD, BB ae HEH (e Dorigin HS, fii WALA, (b) WX PANE ancient men( HA) RA 4 PET A YENI (b) men who lived long ago RUM ARAB. AM (a)old men BRB“ BA” “bE ATA". WEB Cc)men of old TIRE, HE (d) past men PA) past HDA”, ERS HWM KE HA ,M past business( AM HH )1 Lesson 2 Spare that spider KREBS are | SEES sees BRS ISTER 1. We have reason to be grateful to insect-eating animals because insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. 2. We can tell the difference between a spider and an insect because a spider has eight legs, and an insect never has more than six. 3. ‘One authority on spiders made a census in a grass field. . .’ means that an expert on spiders formally counted how many spiders there were on 4 piece of ground covered with grass. WCSDSFER No matter how hard people work to destroy rat-populations, ne human habitation is ever very far [rom a rat. Brown locusts swarming at harvest time in Southern Africa can devour an entire nation’s cereal crop in less than a week. It was just the briefest possible hesitation, only a fraction of a second, but it was enough to show that he was lying. The refugees ebandoned their homes and all their belongings and fled for their lives. 13The pilot estimated that the flight would take four hours and twenty minutes. AF EUSIDSESE A. See text. B. See text. Cc. . I dislike finding spiders in the house because, unless T can pick them up and put them outside, [ imagine them coming and walking across my face in the dark. . [ like watching spiders spinning their webs because it always seems miraculous that anything so very small should be able to make such a large and complex structure so quickly. . [like the way that spiders will go on repairing their webs when these have been damaged by wind or by a large insect. KAARRASZER A. 1. Why should he be so disappointed? 2. Why should you be so unwilling to change your mind? 3. Why should there be so many tralfic accidents? B. 1. were 2. were 3. were C, See text. RASISSER ALL. 14 All of them together; ail of + pronoun or noun subject means ‘every individual in the group’. Together is an adver emphasizing the unity of the whole group: All of the letters were posted together. All the children cameout of school together . Altogether is an adverb of degree meaning ‘entirely, absolutely’; The swo ideas are altogether separate. I'm not altogether surprised . We use the other to refer to the second of two things or groups: This (one /book) is red; the other (one /book } is black - Else, meaning ‘additional, more or different’, is especially common after indefinite pronouns: someone / no one/anyone, etc.: Let somebody else do it. We also use else after question words: Who else is coming ? Where edse would you like to go ? . We use the feast as an intensifier combining with adjectives to form negative superlatives; the least able, the least intelligent , etc. In this example, however, the least is a quantifier, and means “the smallest amount of’. As a quantifier the least combines with uncountable nouns: the least opportunizy, the least money. It also oceurs in the adverb phrase in the east, meaning ‘in the slightest degree’; I’m not in the least impressed The last means ‘the final’, as opposed to ‘the first’, “the second’, etc. : the last emperor of China, the last time I saw you, the last person in the room, cic. Harm is either 2 noun meaning ‘damage, negative effect”: He means no harm. He does no harm to anyone but himself. Or it is a verb: Aarm + direct object, meaning ‘ cause damage to, affect negatively ” Pesticides harm the soil. Hurt isa verb meaning ‘cause mental or physical pai 15@ 2 S 16 BAe ae Remarks like that really hurt. I fell and hurt my back. We can also use it intransitively: My back hurts. ive. It causes me pain. . Glance (noun) means ‘a quick look'—that is a deliberate action, using the eyes consciously: Take a glance at yourself in the mirror. It is also a verb: He glanced up. i.e. He looked up. Glimpse (noun) is ‘a quick involuntary sight’: I caught a glimpse of my reflection in the mirror. i.e. 1 saw it fleetingly without intending to. Glimpse is also a verb: I glimpsed him hurrying away. . Work is uncountable, the act of working or the product of having worked: I must do some work. My work involves a lot of entertaining . Job is countable. either the task that one is paid for: He has a job in a bank; or a task that one does or may do: It’s a big job and wild take at least two hours. He never does any household jobs if he can help it. . Estimate (verb) is ‘make an informed guess’: estimate the number of pages in this book, estimate the time needed to com plete a job, etc. Calculate is ‘make an accurate assessment”: calculate how much time you have spent, calculate how many people were there. « obtain 2. bought 3. fetch 4. received « catch/hear 6. understand tell 2. telling 3. say 4.say 5. tell ssid 7, tell - made 2. do 3.do 4. made 5. made6. made 7. do E. 1. You can see at a glance that nothing has been done for weeks 2. There are at least thirty people still missing after the floods. 3. We may miss the next bus, but at any rate we'll be there before midday. 4, They had to move house as quickly as possible, even if it meant selling at a loss 5. When the auctioneer came, he offered to buy the vase straight away at sight. 6. No more than five people may be carried in this lift at a time. ome Comprehension 229% 1. (b) #RIBURCH 1 ~2 FEA 5 ~6 TF “Because they destroy so many insects, and insects... (A E {15 KABA & by JB+e+)", “Morcover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings( JE Sb , #4 Be A [Al F 5 fil Be oe ey, BATT 2 SES SER RAM FR Ah] BY Ys )” , 19 Ae TH (b) destroy insects without hurting us in any way (7H Bb 2 tit PPR M1 SE Ha HF BE) HER, RRR 7 AH A “Spiders are not insects... (HH 9% FF AB EE BE Ha )”, BF VA HE (a) are beneficial insects( 487A 2m fH FB) UPAR. BWR AS Se FE 17SL a, A HE eo PR, At Ge HE (cc) protect insect-eating animals (#8 7" f& & ah] } 8 RE, UR ST BC Ld AA HER, REA AZ GLG A AR, HE A (Cd) include some of the greatest enemies of the human race( 44% A JE AY — HER AGAR, +» Cc) ARLE XH 4~5 47" We owe a lot to the birds and bests who cat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders( 48 {18 +4} 5% HAG He Oe, BS AES RTE ET RE BB Anite — ete A SR TK AY DB)”, Fic) can’t compare with spiders as destroyers of insects CHE RAR C5 EP PED TB TE Be 3S Be AER EH ) 2 TE 8 Ti. WIM (a)eat as many insects as spiders( 45 WAR ATA AY ERS ) E51 (b)eat more insects than spiders( tt Hl SRG EE AE ) LL YET (d) destroy 2 lerger fraction of insects than spiders( 7H X (4 6 8 Eo IORI K HIE SS) UR RRA BON BR - b) ALGEUR ICH 7~8 F£"One can tell the difference almost at aglance, for a spider always has eight jegs and an insect never more than six( A {1 JU? — AR at AB th — 3 AOE AMIS ARAL 8 cB TA BM REA 6 oe)” 2B ES (b have six legs CA 6 HAE) WE, BAA RE TR A 8 A A OR A eo (a)have eight legs( 8 RAR) WIRD. ALAR Kate FEMA GA eS HS A SE, HEM (c)be able to fly (48%) MBE I (d) not destroy theirown kind( AAR A Hi) WR 4. (d) ARR URC LL ~ 12 47" Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects( sk 25-49 32 4 Hy mY PB tPF ze, FEHR)”, 4 M1 ZEIH (d for a minimum of six months of each year( 46 E> 6 4A ASN ID) AEH, BEM (Ca)all the time(— 4F FIS& ) 34 T (b) for most of the year(—4F A CEI AY [A] ) FEA (cin the summer months( fH BAS A ABS URSC RAE, HOG, Structure 4) 3 5. (c) ABR — Tb AT it ISM AF RA EIA for us to live, ix PME ey “be + JB Si/® i + Cort A) + SA EA IG As It’s nice to talk to you. (MRR AF. [t's important (for you) to book in advance. (42 AT REO KE BS.) ALC (c)be HEM, Hb 3 PURER LRA GE AAT, 6. (a) AAS Hf A BOB AN A. PROC A a Jot SMH (a) a great deal EHKBWRA REDD RE, ETD HE SHIA owe IRA. MEM (b)a lot of RARER A PREGA TM SA RAB MS BU (oda great many FB FUR ACE FT ie BB, ew “A” A aR MWB owe AW ARERAT RS RRR, ABR Bi, Cd) much of ARS A. WERT, 7. (c) be engaged in sth. 2A“ MSFE SE”, F be involved in sth. FL BOB DA (c)in WIE AM, Ra 3 WH Hiab AE 45 be involved HEC KW RA. 198. (a) sorts of 49 kinds of PJX, 451 (a)sorts of WEB, HM (b)kind of Pi bind AZ (c)type of PH type ABA, TERM BAER. eG (d kinds a AREER S RABAT, Vocabalary i iL 9. (a) to defend sb. from sth. RIK“ ARP A 52 HR BH ED, MW (a) defend us from HEAR. 2M (b) guard Ale Wi (c)provect “RP HEB. MR RBH GAS A RP BL i GAL, insure against ASR ABH TSE -----ARER” , AO insure one’s home against loss from fire (#4 Al TWH 35 Be Be), te Ye (d)insure us against WHAM, 10. (d) Beth “5+ AAR" AL the same as, Ail: It is really just the same as any other police work. (& A) 9649 E (0 FL Hh AYRE LE — FF, ) Aue Cd) the same as AEH. HFT LL FA similar to 2228“ 55 -+-- FA#R”, tO: It is similar to the rest of the field. (E45 XH Ab RY SEAR AB ABA) HE (a)similar PREA Fl to, RAB RH. be like RAR" S so HR” JG ARES 1a] , TERE (b)like to 1 HST tal tok HABA. HREYMRRAR A-WRA-A EST bE Se It 7S BEA as, it A SE Al like, $1: He swam tike a fish. ((t aad eR — A A) EST (ces WHET, lL. (b) PRC PU Mie FE Oe AR i, tT ET FAM RH. HER (b) appetites (AM, AA ARBEZ HEX, KA TE BH, MEH Ca) hunger (HL MR), HEH 2012. (c)desires( AEB ) F165 5H (d) eating (WE s eH) AB AR BE Ze RRRAHES MHARRM, (ce) SURAT AT — 83 4, iW (c) three times A A AF HH RAMREK-AP IEE TAR. AAEM, AM (a) three AMA HRA KBR. WH (b)three time +} Hf) time BAR KM, EAR BIE PEA (d)threes HAR ISH MARA 3 MK, A ABR Fo 21Lesson 3 Matterhorn man Be RRA | ee See BRRASASR 1. The modern climber’s attitude differs from thai of the pioneer, in that the modem climber wants a route that will give him good sport, whereas the pioneer was only interested in getting to the top by the easiest route. 2. The three factors that made most Alpine villages inhospitable places were poverty, dirt and discomfort WLENDSAER Chris Bonnington was the first person ever to reach the summit of the Eiger by a route that included the sheer North Fece. The chance to become well-educated is widely regarded as being the best opportunity @ person can have Sir Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Norgay reached the summit of Mount Everest on May 29, 1952. Various experts have sought an explanation for the strange lights seen occasionally in the sky in Western Scotland, but so far without success. The prisoner faced her accusers in court with confidence. Withour her engines, and drifting towards the rocky shore, the 22ship was in an increasingly perilous situation. How is it that one nation will delight in eating delicacies that make another nation shudder? Using a chainsaw without proper training and protective clothing is courting disaster. This cup is the sofitary survivor of my grandmother's set of twelve. The wool from Herdwick sheep, 4 har¢y mountain breed, is so coarse , it is mainly used for carpet-making. The village had once éoasted 2 school and a small general shop, but these had disappeared when the new road was built. Friday is invariably the busiest day of the week on the roads. AF EBSASEER A. See text. B. 1 like mountaineering because I enjoy the space, the fresh air and the exercise. One problem with so many people teking up mountaineering is that the paths up popular mountains are becoming as wide as roads, and erosion is scarring the mountainsides. The experience of reaching the top of a high mountain and looking at the view for miles around is one of the best sensations in the world. RBANSISESR A. 1. The more erpensive petrol becomes, the less people drive. 2. The more you try to explain. the worse your situation becomes 23B. 3. The sooner J finish this yob, the better I shall feed. See text. 1. (Often) I am (often) in such a hurry (often), I (often) don’t (often) have time for breakfast (often ) 2. We (aften) buy things we (afien) don’t really need (often). 3. He is (often) sent abrozd (after) by his firm (often). . 1. It was impossible for them to avoid getting wet. 2. It is difficult to say the right thing when people are grieving. 3. It is easy for you to be cheerful about it, bus it was my money. 1. [ always find it impossible to refuse such requests. 2. Such freedom must be belanced by personal responsibility. 3. [had not expected to encounter such difficulty. 4, Such films as were completed at that time were interesting only in terms of photographie technique. 1. Lam used to the baby’s waking me in the middle of the night. 2. De you object to my opening the window for a little while? 3. Tam looking forward to seeing yeu on the 23rd RRSDSESE A. 24 1. Situation means ‘position’: In your situation, 1 would have done exactly as you did . Case means ‘a particular instance’: In a case like this one, the court usualiy awards custody to the mother .2. We do not use either specially or especiatiy at the beginning of a sentence, To express ‘more than usually’, either word is possible: I think you'll find this article specially /especially interesting - Bur specialdy, not ‘especially’, means ' for 2 particular purpose’: I had this desk specially made to suit my height. And especially, not ‘specially’, means ‘in particular’: I Cespecially) wanted to see that production of “Taking Sides” (especially). 3. Realize means ‘become aware of’; I realized at once what you meant; or ‘be aware of’: I don't think you realize the seriousness of your situation. Understand means ‘comprehend’; I understand what you mean. In these meanings, both verbs are usually stative, and thus are not usually used in progressive ( or ‘continuous’ ) tenses 4. Both except and except for meen ‘with the exception of", and are used especially after every /any/no- compounds: Everyone except (for) you has already signed the photo. Only except for can be used at the beginning of a sentence: Except for last year's party, the summer party has always been out of doors. And only except in front of a prepositional phrase: Except in his first job, he had always enjoyed what he did. 5. We pronounce both coarse and course in exactly the 25same way. Coarse means ‘rough, not fine’: coarse salt, coarsely chopped onion , course speech , a coarse joke. We use course to refer to a phase in a meal: the first course, the meat course, a sweet course, ete. Course also means ‘pathway or direction’: the course we have followed , a racecourse, the course of a river; or it means ‘a series of lessons’: I’ve signed up for a course in navigation . 6. A house is a building for one family to live in. (Buildings divided up into flats for more than one family are known as * blocks of flats or apartment blocks’, not ‘houses’. ) Their house is onty five minutes from the station. A house or flat becomes a home when you refer to it as the place you live in: Are you going home now ? Is ‘your father at home ? or the place you belong to: Home is where the heart is. B, 1. They did not make any special effort to court such 26 excitement 2. Please ask him to move to where he will not cause an obstruction . 3. The cottage was remote from the main thoroughfares . A. The table is inconveniently located . 5. Pil call in when I am passing from one place to the other. 6. We must do this exercise as/in the manner we have been taught.