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    The skeletal and muscular systems work together to enable movement of the body. The skeleton provides structure, protection, movement, and blood production. There are three main types of joints in the body - fixed/immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable - which connect bones and allow different degrees of movement. Muscles are attached to bones via tendons and contract to create movement. They work in pairs of agonists, which contract to create movement, and antagonists, which relax to allow movement.

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    The skeletal and muscular systems work together to enable movement of the body. The skeleton provides structure, protection, movement, and blood production. There are three main types of joints in the body - fixed/immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable - which connect bones and allow different degrees of movement. Muscles are attached to bones via tendons and contract to create movement. They work in pairs of agonists, which contract to create movement, and antagonists, which relax to allow movement.

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    4 views1 page

    1 Musculoskeletal Mind Map

    Uploaded by

    vn6jydy5gk
    The skeletal and muscular systems work together to enable movement of the body. The skeleton provides structure, protection, movement, and blood production. There are three main types of joints in the body - fixed/immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable - which connect bones and allow different degrees of movement. Muscles are attached to bones via tendons and contract to create movement. They work in pairs of agonists, which contract to create movement, and antagonists, which relax to allow movement.

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    of 1

    IGCSE PE Chapter 1 – Skeletal and Muscular System

    The Skeleton Joint Types, Structure and Formation Muscles

    A point in the body where two or more bones are joined in a


    way that permits movement

    Fixed or Bones cannot move at all, Between plates


    immoveable joined by fibrous tissue of the cranium
    Irregular Flat (Fibrous)
    Slightly Small amount of Between
    moveable movement, linked by vertebrae
    (Cartilaginous) ligaments and cartilage
    Freely Greater amount of Ball and socket –
    Long moveable movement shoulder & hip
    (Synovial)

    Hinge – elbow
    and knee
    Short

    Antagonistic Muscle Action


    -Shape and support Agonist: the muscle that contracts to create movement
    Movement at Joints
    -Movement Antagonist: the muscle that relaxes during movement
    -Protection
    Antagonistic: pairs of muscles work in opposition to
    -Blood production
    create movement

    Muscle Fibre Types Origin: where a muscle joins a stationary bone


    Insertion: where a muscle joins a moving bone
    Slow twitch (Type I) Fast twitch (Type II)
    Contract slowly Contract quickly Isotonic contraction: where muscles change length as
    they contract
    Produce a little force Produce a large amount of
    Concentric contraction: muscle contraction where the
    force
    High fatigue tolerance Lower fatigue tolerance muscle shortens
    (Don’t tire easily) (Tire quickly) Eccentric contraction: muscle contraction where the
    Good for endurance Good for strength and muscle lengthens
    sports power Isometric contraction: where the muscles contract but
    stay the same length

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