Summary of Results

Function nth Derivative

y=er a" eax
Yn
m! 0, m>n
(m-) (2*+ b)"",m >
y=(ax+ b)m m > 0, m < n,
0,
m= n
n! a",
(-1)"n! a" m= -1
(ax + b)n+1
Yn=(-1)2-1(2-1)! q"
y= log(ax + b) (ax+b)2

y=sin(ax + b) Yn= a" sin( ax +b+"

y=cos(ax + b) Yn= a" cosax + b+ 2

y= e sin(bx + c) y, = er (a² + b²)7 sin(bx +c+ntan1-)

tan1)
y=e cos(bx t c) y, =e*(a' + b')2 cos(bx+c+n

1
Example 1Find the nth derivative of 1-5x+6x2
1
Solution: Let y 1-5x+6x2
Resolving into partial fractions
1 3 2

y= 1-5x+6x2 (1-3x)(1-2x) 1-3x 1-2x

3(-3)"(-1)"n! 2(-2)"(-1)"n!
(1-3x)"+1 (1-2x)n+1
n+1T

Example 2 Find the nt" derivative of sin6x cos4x

Solution: Let y = sin6x cos4x
1
=(sinl0
2 x + cos2 x)

*n=10" sin(10x + )+ 2" cos(2x+)

Example 3 Find nth derivativeof sin'xcos³x
Solution: Let y = sin'xcosx
 = sin'xcosx cosx
=-sin?2x cosx =(1-
8
cos4x) cosx
4

cosx -cos4x cosx

-cosx -(cos3x +cos5x)
16

=(2cosx
16
- cos3x - cos5x)

Example 4 Find the nh derivative of sinx

Solution: Let y= sin x = (sinx)
2

=(2sin'x)
((1- cos 2x)²
=1-2cos2x+(2cos²2x) 1

=1-2cos2x +(1+ cos4x)|

3 1
¿cos2x
2 +cos4x
yn=-}2"cos(2x +") +4"cos (4x +)
Example 5 Find the nth derivative of e% cosx sin? 2x
Solution: Let y = e*cosx sin2x 1
Now cosx sin"2x = 2 (cos x- cos x cos 4x)
sin'2x =(1- cos 4x)
=cos x- (cos 5x +cos 3x)
1
2
1
’y e cosx sin 2x= ecos x-ecos 5xSx-e*cos 3x
= e3x*
2 4 4

i. yn = es* (9 + 1)z cos(x +ntan)-¿e* (9 +25)7 cos(5x+ntan-1)

4

-e* (9 +9)7 cos(3x +ntan1) 3.

e 107 cos (x:+ntan:)-e*347 cos(5x + ntan1)

4

--e3x 182 cos(3x +n tan-1 1)

4

Example6 Ify = sin ax + cos ax , prove that yn = a"[1+ (-1)sin 2ax l2

Solution: y= Sin ax t cos ax

:y, =a" sin (ax + ) +cos (ax +

+)+
 = a
sin(ar + ) |+cos (ax + )) 1

a sin?(ax +) + cos? (ar +)+ 2sin (ax +). cos (ax +

-a"

=a[1 + sin(2ax + nn)]?

= a[1+ sin 2ax cos nT + cos 2ax sin nu ]2
= a[1 + (-1)"sin 2ax " cos n N=(-1)" and sin n I = 0

Example 7 Find thenth derivative of tan-1

Solution: Let y = tan-1
1
dy
’ y1 = x2+a2 x2-(ai)?
dx
a1+) 1 1
a
(x+ai) (x-ai) 2ai x-ai X+ai

1
21\ -ai x+ai
Differentiating above (n- 1) times w.r.t. x, we get

(-1)n-(n-1)!1
(x-ai)n (x+ai)n
= tan-1*
Substituting x=r cos, a =r sinb such that
1
(-1)-1(n-1)!
2i
Lrr(cos -i sin )n r (cos 0+isin®)
(-1)n-(n-1)!
2ir
[(cos 8 -i sin®)--(cos +isin)-]
Using De Moivre's theorem, we get
Yn =
(-1)n-(n-) (cosn0 + i sin ne - cos n8 + isinno]
2irn
(-1)7- (n-1)! sin n

(-1)"-1(n-1)! sinno " a=r sin

a

(-1)7-1(n-1)! sin n sin where 0= tan-14

an
1

Example &Find the nt derivative of 1+x+x2

1
Solution: Let y = 1tx+x² -1+iV3 and w² = -1-iV3
1
where W= 2 2
(x-w) (*-w2)
Resolving into partial fractions
1 1

y=w.1 W-w2 X-W x-w

 1 1

--)i
Differentiating n times w.r.t. ,we get
(-1)"n! (-1)"n!
(x-w2)n+1]

-i(-1wnt
1 1

V3 ( (x-w')n+i
i(-1)n+ 1n! 1 1
V3 n++ n+1

( (r
i2n+1 (-1)n+1n! 1 1
V3 l(2x+1-vi (2x1+/3t
v3
Substituting 2x + 1=r cos0, V3 =rsin such that = tan 2x+1
i2n+1 (-1)n+1n!
Yn V3 rn+1 (cose - isin0)-(n+1) (cose + isin0) -(n+1)|
Using De Moivre's theorem, we get
i27+1 (-1)n+1n!
n+1 [cos(n + 1)e + isin(n + 1)0 - cos(n + 1)0 + isin (n + 1)0]
V3)
: V3=r sinb
i 27+1 (-1)7+1n!
(V3)" 2isin(n + 1)0 sin+10
(-2)7+2n! V3
sin(n + 1)0 sin+10 where = tan-1 2x+1

dy - 2y + 2x = 0
Example 9 If y=x+ tan x, show that cosx dx2

Solution: y= X + tan x
dy =1+ sec'x
dx
tan x
d²y
dx2
= 2seCx (sec x tan x) = 2sec? x
x)+ 2x
.. cosx y-2v + 2x = 2cos x sec' x tan x- 2(x + tan
dx2
= 2tan x 2x - 2 tan x + 2x

=0
d'y dy 0
log(x t Vx? + 1), show that (1 + x²) dy2
+x
dx
Example 10 Ify=
Solution: y= log(x + Vx? +1)
X
1+V1tx2
dy x+ V1+x2 V1+x?
dx
 ’(V1+x?) dydx =1
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
(V1+x) d²y dy
= 0
dy2 V1+x2 dx

’(1+x2y d²y
" tx dy
dx2 dx
= 0
Exercise 1 A
x4
1. Find the nth derivative of (x-1)(x-2)
16 1
Ans. (-1)"n! L(x-2)n+1 (x-1)n+1

2. Find the nth derivative of cos x cos 2x cos 3x

Ans.2" cos(2x +) + 4" cos (4x +") +6" cos (6x +)
d'y +ay = 0
3. Ifx = sint ,y= sin at, show that (1 -x) dy2 dx

d²p a²b2

4. 1f p = a' cos + b sin 8, show thatp + de2 p3

5. If y
X
find y, i.e. the nth derivative of y
=2+a' = tan-1
cos(n + 1)0 sin"+l0 where
(-1)"n!
Ans.
gnt1
i.e. the nth derivative of y
6. If y =e* sin x, find yn
Ans. e1-16(2x + ))
nth differential coefficient of y= logl(ax + b)(cx + d)]
7. Find an
+
Ans. yn= (-1)"(n -)ax+b)i
X-n X+n

8. Ify = xlog x+1

x-1
show that y,= (-1)-(n 2)! l(a-1)" (x+1)n]

9. Ify =t
V1+x*-, show that y,=-1)-'(n-1)! sin n8 sin"0
tan-1 V1+x-1