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7-Design of Sewage System-Lec 7 - Wk6-GeH
7-Design of Sewage System-Lec 7 - Wk6-GeH
7-Design of Sewage System-Lec 7 - Wk6-GeH
Gul-E-Hina
Lecturer,
Institute of Environmental Engineering & Research (IEER)
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore
gulehina@uet.edu.pk
Last lecture review
• Introduction to wastewater collection system
• Basic terms (sewer, sewage, sewerage)
• Types of sewer
• Sources of wastewater
• Types of wastewater collection system
• Infiltration and inflow
• Variation in sewage flow
• Design periods
• Numericals
Week - 6
Procedure/steps of designing sewerage system
Preparation of
Subsequent
Drawing and
Modification
BOQ
Note: Sewerage systems are operated under gravity whereas water supply
systems are operated under pressure
Sewer Size
225-375 mm Ratio 0.7
450-1200mm Ratio 0.75
1350mm or larger Ratio 0.8
16-02-2021 Lecture # 01 CE-341 – Environmental Engineering-1 Engr.Gul-e-Hina IEER UET Lahore 15
3. Actual Design of Sewer
•Size of sewer : Using Q=AV for the calculation
of diameter
Where,
Q=Actual amount of rainfall that appears as runoff (m3/hr)
A=Area drained (m2)
I=Intensity of rainfall (m3/m2/hr)
C=Co-efficient of runoff
Impervious surface
Pervious surface
Type of surfaces C
Watertight roofs 0.70-0.85
2.Duration of storm
❑Up to 2 hours
1 in 20 yrs
‘I’ Intensity )mm/hr)
1 in 15 yrs
1 in 10 yrs
1 in 5 yrs
Sewer
Inlet
Sewer
Case 1
Sewer
Inlet
Sewer
Time of flow
M1
M2
200m
A B C
4 Ha 3 Ha 2 Ha
a 300m b 200m c d
SIGNIFICANCE:
• Sewers must be laid at a particular slope to attain self
cleansing velocities. The required slope (while laying the
sewers) is achieved through calculations of invert levels.
NSL
Earth cover=1m
Thickness of pipe
Dia of pipe
Invert level
Earth cover=1m
For example, is a 24-meter section of drainage pipe has a fall of 0.30 meters, calculate the
gradient.
Gradient = 0.30 / 24
Gradient = 0.0125
This can be converted into a gradient written as a ratio or 1: some number.
Gradient = 1 / 0.0125 = 80
Gradient = 1 in 80
The above formula may be rearranged for Fall if the gradient is known:
1 / 80 = 0.0125
Fall = 0.0125 x 50
225mm
225mm
M4
225mm
460mm
M4
M1 M3 M4
M2
M1 M3 M4
M2
M3 M4
M1 M2
310mm dia
L=35m,@0.0056
M5
M1 M2 M3 M4
375mm dia
L=420m,@0.005
M5
450mm dia
L=480m,@0.0031
M6
M1 M2
P=800 persons
L=800m
P=600 persons
L=400m
M4 M3 M5
P=400 persons P=500 persons
L=300m L=700m