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 STAIRCASE
Brief of staircase covering the technical details of parts of a staircase,
minimum dimensions, types of staircases.

Classroom assignment - Drawings of a college staircase: Plan, detailing of

nosing and ballister, sectional elevation.
Summary
A staircase is a structure consisting of a series of steps that enables vertical movement between different levels within a building. Staircases can be found in various types of buildings, such as

homes, offices, public spaces, and more.

Technical Details of Staircase Parts:

Steps/Treads: These are horizontal surfaces that individuals step on when ascending or descending the staircase.
Risers: Risers are vertical components that connect the treads, forming the height of each step.
Stringers: Stringers are inclined or vertical structural members that support the steps.
Balusters/Spindles: These vertical supports are placed between the handrail and the tread to prevent people from falling through.
Handrail: A handrail is a horizontal bar running along the length of the staircase, providing support and stability.
Newel Posts: Newel posts are large vertical posts located at the beginning, end, and turns of a staircase. They support the handrail

Handrail Height: Typically between 34 and 38 inches (86 to 96.5 cm) above the nosing of the treads

Staircase Types:
Simplest type, a straight staircase has only one flight of stairs without any curves or changes in direction.
A staircase with a L shape is made up of two straight flights that meet at a right angle.

U-Shaped Staircase: A U-shaped staircase that is similar to an L-shaped staircase but has a 180-degree turn.
Spiral Staircase: Consists of a central pole around which a spiral or helical pattern of steps wound. They may have a smaller tread width but conserve space.
Instead of having straight flights, these stairs feature a flowing curvature, creating an elegant and attractive look.

Similar to L-shaped steps but lacking a landing is the Winder Staircase. To shift directions, they use wedge-shaped steps instead.
Class
Assignment
FALSE CEILING
Brief of false ceiling covering the fundamental of the construction of a false
ceiling, materials used in its finishes.

Classroom assignment - Designing a false ceiling for DSS 1 residential

project.
Summary

A false ceiling, also known as a drop ceiling or suspended ceiling, is a secondary ceiling installed below the main structural ceiling. It serves multiple purposes, including aesthetic

enhancement, acoustic insulation, thermal insulation, hiding electrical wires and pipes, and providing access to the space above.

Construction of a false ceiling typically involves the following fundamental steps:

1. Planning and Design: Plan and design the false ceiling, considering factors such as the desired height, shape, lighting fixtures, and any specific requirements for insulation or soundproofing.
2. Framework Installation: A metal framework is installed to support the false ceiling. It consists of channels or runners attached to the main ceiling, which act as the primary support
structure. Cross members, known as furring channels or T-sections, are then attached to the runners to create a grid pattern.
3. Suspension System: The framework is suspended from the main ceiling using suspension wires or rods. These wires are attached to the main ceiling at regular intervals and connected to
the framework, ensuring stability and support.
4. Ceiling Tiles or Panels: Ceiling tiles or panels are placed within the grid created by the framework. These tiles come in various materials, sizes, and designs, allowing for customization

according to the desired aesthetic and functional requirements.

5. Finishes and Treatments: After the tiles or panels are installed, various finishes and treatments can be applied to the false ceiling, depending on the desired appearance and performance.

Some common finishes include:

Paint: Ceiling tiles can be painted to achieve the desired color scheme and overall aesthetic appeal.
Textured Finishes: Textured finishes, such as popcorn or stucco, can be applied to add visual interest and create a unique look.
Laminates: Laminates, such as PVC or vinyl films, can be used to provide a smooth and decorative surface finish.
Acoustic Treatments: Acoustic materials, such as mineral wool or acoustic panels, can be added to enhance sound absorption and reduce noise transmission.
Thermal Insulation: Insulation materials, such as fiberglass or foam, can be incorporated to improve energy efficiency and thermal comfort.
Lighting Fixtures: Recessed lights, LED panels, or other lighting fixtures can be installed within the false ceiling to provide ambient or task lighting.
Materials commonly used in the finishes of false ceilings include:

Gypsum: Gypsum boards or panels are widely used due to their fire resistance, ease of installation, and versatility. They can be painted, textured, or covered with laminates.

Mineral Fiber: Mineral fiber tiles or panels are known for their excellent acoustic properties. They are made from mineral wool or fiberglass and are available in various textures and designs.

Metal: Metal ceiling tiles or panels, such as aluminum or steel, offer durability and a modern aesthetic. They can be painted or finished with decorative coatings.

PVC: PVC panels are lightweight, moisture-resistant, and easy to clean. They come in various colors and designs and are often used in areas prone to moisture, such as bathrooms or
kitchens.

Wood: Wood panels or tiles provide a natural and warm aesthetic. They can be veneered or solid wood and are suitable for spaces where a more traditional or luxurious look is desired.

While designing a false ceiling it's important to note the specific materials and finishes used in a false ceiling may vary based on regional preferences, project requirements, and building
regulations.
Class
Assignment
 Central Wooden
carved panel with
cover along its
border and flat
gypsum board ceilin

Wooden Beams suspended

below the false ceiling
SECTIONAL ELEVATION
LIGHTING
Brief of lighting in terms of light fixtures, fittings etc.

Classroom assignment - RCP Drawings for DSS 1 Residential

project.
Summary

Lighting - The use of artificial light sources to illuminate indoor and outdoor spaces. Light fixtures or fittings, are the physical components that hold the light bulbs or other light sources.
These fixtures can come in various forms, such as ceiling lights, wall sconces, table lamps, floor lamps, and chandeliers.

Light Fixtures: Devices that hold light sources and distribute light in a controlled manner.
Types of light fixtures include:
1. Ceiling Fixtures: Mounted on or recessed into the ceiling, these fixtures provide general illumination. Examples include chandeliers, flush mounts, and pendant lights.
2. Wall Sconces: Attached to walls, sconces provide accent or ambient lighting. They can be used for decorative purposes or to highlight architectural features.
3. Lamps: Portable light fixtures that typically include a base, body, and lampshade. Lamps are versatile and can be placed on tables, desks, or floors to provide task or ambient lighting.
4. Recessed Lighting: Installed into the ceiling or wall, recessed lights are flush with the surface, creating a clean and unobtrusive look. They are often used for general or accent lighting.
5. Track Lighting: Consists of a track-mounted to the ceiling or wall, with adjustable light fixtures that can be repositioned along the track. It offers flexibility in directing light to specific areas.

6. Under-Cabinet Lighting: Installed beneath kitchen cabinets or shelves, these fixtures provide task lighting and enhance visibility for activities like food preparation or reading.

Light Controls: The devices that manage the intensity, color, and timing of lighting.
Common light controls include:

1. Dimmers: Allow users to adjust the brightness of lights, creating different moods or levels of illumination.
2. Switches: Simple devices that turn lights on or off. They can be single-pole switches for controlling individual lights or multi-way switches for controlling lights from multiple locations.

3. Timers: Automatically turn lights on or off at specified times, providing convenience and energy savings.
4. Sensors: Motion sensors and occupancy sensors detect movement or the presence of people and automatically turn lights on or off accordingly.

Factors such as the size of the space, the purpose of the space, and the desired mood or atmosphere all influence the design of the lighting. Proper lighting can enhance productivity, improve
safety, and increase the overall appeal of a space.
Class
Assignment-
RCP Drawing
What is a Reflective Ceiling Plan?

A reflected ceiling plan (RCP) is a drawing that shows which shows the items are located on the ceiling of a room or space. It is referred to as a
reflected ceiling plan since it is drawn to display a view of the ceiling as if it was reflected onto a mirror on the floor.

RCP’s show things like electrical wiring, the ceiling treatment (e.g. drywall patterns), light fixtures, and other items that are mounted on or
suspended from the ceiling.

Reflected ceiling plans are initially produced by architects or interior designers, and then passed onto engineers for electrical details to be
added.

Steps to be used to creating a RCP

Pretend that you're hovering a few feet above the ceiling. Imagine that the ceiling below you is transparent.
Use this perspective to read and understand the ceiling plan.
Read the specs and additional details listed on the plan. Check the legend to decipher any symbols. A key that explains the symbols used
on the plan (e.g. a circle for a ceiling light)
Observe the relationship of light fixtures to the furniture below.
Different Reflective ceiling plans are made to show various detailing. ex. False ceiling, electrical , HVAC etc.

The reflective ceiling plans form a part of a set of construction drawings to be given to the contracting team.
 PARTITION
AND
PANELLING
Basic understanding of partitioning and panelling.

Classroom assignment - Partition and panelling design for DSS 1

Residential project.
Summary
Partitioning and panelling are terms used in the context of interior design and architecture (Space planning) They refer to the division of a space into smaller sections that may be required for
for various purposes.

1. Partitioning: Partitioning is the technique of employing physical barriers to divide a big space into smaller regions or rooms.
Partitioning is often used in homes, offices, and other commercial spaces to create privacy and separate different functions.
Permanent partitions: These are fixed structures that form permanent divisions within a building. They are typically constructed using materials like bricks, concrete, or drywall and are
often used to create separate rooms or areas within a building.
Temporary partitions: These are movable or flexible structures that can be easily repositioned or removed. Examples include room dividers, screens, or curtains that can be used to
create temporary divisions within a larger space. Temporary partitions are commonly used in open-plan offices, exhibition halls, or event spaces to create separate areas as per the
requirement.

1. Paneling: The term "panelling" describes the process of covering or cladding surfaces with panels made of a variety of materials, including wood, metal, glass, or plastic.
Paneling is primarily used for aesthetic purposes to enhance the visual appeal of walls, ceilings, or other surfaces. Some finishes also provide insulation or soundproofing properties.
Wall paneling: Wall paneling involves covering the walls with panels, which can be made from different materials like wood panels, gypsum panels, or decorative panels. Wall paneling
can add texture, patterns, or visual interest to a space, and it is often used in residential, commercial, or hospitality interiors.

Ceiling paneling: Ceiling paneling is the process of installing panels on the ceiling to enhance its appearance. These panels can be made from materials like wood, metal, or acoustic
panels, and they can provide decorative or functional benefits, such as improved acoustics or thermal insulation.

Other paneling applications: Paneling can also be applied to other surfaces like doors, furniture, or fixtures to create a cohesive and harmonious design throughout a space.

Both partitioning and paneling techniques play significant roles in interior design and architecture, allowing for the creation of functional spaces and visual interest within a larger area. The

choice of partitioning and paneling materials, styles, and techniques depends on the desired aesthetic, functionality, and budgetary considerations.
What is a Staircase used for?

*The fundamental aspect found in buildings enabling access comes in different types of staircases designs and tastes.
*Some are a sight to behold. Others are as basic as their sole use, designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical
distances known as steps.

*Architects have articulated the art of making masterpieces converting dull houses to lively ones, offices, and museums. One’s taste, space, and
financial resources are the determinants to the types of stairs they want.

There are more than 14 types of staircases namely the L-shaped-shaped, Winder stairs, Spiral, Spiral case with landing, Circular, Curved, Ladder,
Split, Space-saving, Floating stairs, I-Shaped staircase, Stairs with storage, Sculptural floating staircase, Bent metal, Floating stand-alone staircase,
Stairs with bookshelves, Concrete, Marble, Carpeted, Organic, Graphical iron, Two-tone spiral, enclosed two-wall, partially open-one wall, Granite,
Bifurcated, and Three-quarter turn.

Things to keep in mind when designing a staircase and choosing the most suitable type of stair case

1. Straight Staircase

As its name suggestes it has no bends.

It is a linear flight with no change in direction. A straight staircase is the most common
and affordable type of staircases. The design does not need any support, an attachment
at the bottom and the top is all it needs. The bonus point of this design is its ease to
install of railings and handrails. It is easy to move on them and it is friendly for toddlers
and the aged due to its non-steep nature. Its simple appearance makes it suitable for
minimal designs.

*The addition of open risers, modern materials, and metallic railings can work the magic.
can break the boringness of the staircase
* Its drawbacks are it utilizes more linear space which, may affect the house design.
* It lacks privacy as compared to other types and straight staircases with more than 12
feet will require a landing. It has limited room for more designs and creativity.
2. Straight Stairs with a Central Landing
A high ceiling room or a staircase with more than 16 risers will require a staircase that is 12 feet high with a
special landing. Its drawback is that it requires a larger space hence is applicable in commercial buildings than
in private ones.

3. L Shaped Staircase
L Shaped Staircase is basically a straight staircase with a turn or a bend. It can be either in the
middle of a close end to another. The bend is usually 90 degrees, although it is not fixed to be 90
degrees. It is also known as a quarter-turn stair as its landing is either closer to the top or the
bottom. L-shaped staircase utilizes less space and easier to navigate due to its wider landing. It is
visually appealing and offers privacy due to the breaking barrier. It is safer as the central landing
reduces the number of treads that one can fall.

The landing provides space to rest while ascending and it can be located at the corner of a room
and restricted spaces. L-shaped stairs can also help with sound transmission if the stairs are
contained within walls. However, building the stairs can be hectic, its handrails require more skill to
construct and they are installed in segments, support is required for landing and where basements
are used, the stairs tend to be stacked over each other for storage. Hence, it can be difficult to move
items in and out of the basement.
4. U Shaped Staircase
U Shaped Staircase is two parallel flights of stairs
joined by a 180 degrees turn landing.

They are also known as the switchback stairs or the

half-turn. U-shaped stairs are easier to fit in an
architectural plan, the flat landing provides resting
points when ascending, and are architecturally
pleasant to view.

They are the easiest to incorporate in a small space

and are complex to build as compared to the other
designs. U Shaped Staircase drawbacks are they
are complex to measure and build and they require
additional support structures for landing.

5. Spiral Staircase
Spiral Staircase is design-centered around a pole such that if one looks at it from an aerial view, it forms
a perfect circle. It is a no-go zone for the clumsy. It is compact but difficult to navigate. They are perfect
for minimal spaces such as beach houses and city dwellings. The center pole and landings provide
structural support for the stairs as they do not need extra support. Its drawback is that only one person
at a time can navigate it as the footing requires caution and the inner portion of each step is steep. The
spiral staircase is also difficult to move items using stairs.
 6. Circular Staircase
The Circular Staircase goes round and is tapered. The stairs originate from medieval
times but they have been modified to add to its sleekness. The circular staircase is
surrounded by glass instead of railings to add to its beauty. Vanish is applied to the
wood to create a luster and uniqueness. Its steps are easier to navigate and it is more
comfortable than a spiral stair. The circular staircase is also known as the helixed stair.
It is suitable for individuals with a delight in vintage items. Maintaining it is relatively
easy as the fundamental aspect is preventing warping on the wood. Its drawback is
that it needs more space and it is costlier to build.
7. Curved Staircase
The Curved staircase is continuous forming a helical arc and acquiring an amazing
architectural view. It has a larger radius but does not form a full circle. It adds elegance to a
house thus, is always located at the entryway to make an impression. They are easy to
navigate when they have a larger radius. However, they are the most difficult type to build. It
is in fact a pinnacle of achievement for any builder or fabricator. The curved staircase
obviously makes it the most expensive to build distinguishing it from the different types of
staircases.

8. Bifurcated Staircase
The Titanic staircase rings one’s mind at the
sight of bifurcated stairs. The scene where
Leonardo Di Caprio’s heroic act to save his
lady begins on the stairs. The ancient style
still maintains its royalty with the lower
treads being wider than the rest. Balusters
can be used to support the handrails to
form beautiful pieces of balustrades. Well,
the grandest of them all hails this type of
stairs. It has a sweeping set of steps
splitting into two smaller flights in opposite
directions. The bifurcated staircase only
drawback is that it utilizes more space.
Thus, bifurcated types of staircases are
more suitable for buildings with grand
spaces.
 9. Ladder Staircase
The Ladder Staircase can serve as a means of access however, building codes
do not allow them to serve as a primary source of access. In residential homes,
they are found mainly as a connection to the kitchen. This is because they
utilize the little space to enhance movement. Ladder stairs are also applicable
in libraries, docks, and lofts. They are the most compact way to get from one
floor to another and are cost-efficient due to their designs. Ladder staircase
may also have wheels or folds to move them away when not in use or to restrict
movement. Their drawback is that they are difficult to navigate when
descending.

10. Winder Staircase

Winder Staircase is a variation of an L-shaped stair but with a pie-shaped landing
and triangular-shaped steps that transition at the corner. Balustrades can also be
used instead of rails. They require less space than any other type of stairs and
very common in older homes. The winder staircase is mostly used as secondary
stairs. It mostly links the backdoor movement or accessibility to the kitchen as
the primary stairs are located at the entrance of the house. The winder staircase
has gained popularity in modern homes as they create a seamless transition
meandering around corners. Its compactness makes it more attractive. However,
it can be harder to navigate than the L-shape. Winder types of staircases can also
be difficult to add a handrail and it requires center support.
11. Cantilever Staircase
Cantilever Staircase has stair threads that appear to be floating on air without support. The treads are fixed to
one end with a metal frame by creating divets while the other end either secures a railing system or simply
floats freely. The stair stringer can be exposed or hidden depending on the owner’s taste. Due to this nature,
they add interest and spaciousness to a room. However, certain configurations can be difficult to design and it
is recommended that one checks with the local code regulations. Cantilever Staircase drawbacks are that the
tread support needs to be designed to handle the weight of the individuals using the stairs. The stairs are also
costlier than other designs due to additional structural requirements.

12. Space Saving Staircase

The space saving staircase is efficient for a compact home. One
can incorporate stairs that are steeply pitched, ribbon styled, or
narrower in a smaller space. The ardent readers can utilize the
space by creating a library at the bottom of the stairs. They will
have saved on the space and still add a touch of elegance to space.
With proper lighting or the availability of natural light to space, it
further beautifies the area. The only drawback of space saving
staircase is that it may create disturbance to a reader who needs
privacy as the rest of the members use the stairs.
 13. Storage Staircase
The under-looked area beneath the stairs can be utilized by converting it into a
storage area. Cabinets can be built underneath the risers or each riser can be turned
into a drawer. Balustrades can be incorporated rather than rails to enhance its style
and differentiate it from the common styles. One can store their necessities under
the risers hence, utilizing the ignored space and creating room for additional items.
Especially in winter, one can store additional food items or emergency first aid
equipment and necessities. The only drawback of the storage staircase is that the
users will need to frequently check, clean, and maintain if they have stored food
items to avoid rodents and pests. Lighting is also necessary to enhance safety.
Moisture should be avoided to keep off mildew and bad smells.

14. Bent Metal Staircase

Stunning it is, the stairs are made from bent metal and wooden treads. The bent metal
staircase is so light and slender but sturdy and durable. Adventurous individuals will delight in
this type of stairs as it creates an adrenal rush as one ascends. The architects designed it
specifically to intrigue your mind and appeal to your sight. The metal adds to its sleekness and
enhances its space efficiency.

Drawback - when one hurries in ascending or descending on the stairs, it may produce metallic
sounds which may interfere with one’s calmness.
Frequent use by heavy individuals may cause the stairs to sag downwards distorting their
shape. People with height phobias are not advisable to use the stairs as it will heighten their
phobia.
 Conclusion
How to decide the type of staircase to use.

The best types of staircases will depend on an individual’s personality, financial availability taste, and preference. A young family with toddlers or
aged parents may opt for the straight type of stairs as they are friendlier and require minimal maintenance. A commercial type of building will
require straight stairs with a landing. An individual with a flair for elegance can incorporate a curve stair or a cantilever. A spontaneous or
adventurous individual can incorporate a bent metal staircase.

A large family or with more young children can incorporate stairs with storage. Personalities with a flair for vintage items can incorporate circular
stairs while individuals with spacious buildings who like grandness can use bifurcated stairs. Ardent readers and players like footballers, golfers, or
hockey players can incorporate space-saving stairs to store their equipment.

Stairs are a reflection of one’s taste, preference, and personality. Thus, one will need to understand their needs, likes, and tastes before
incorporating different types of stairs. Maintaining the stairs is also an integral factor in making them stand out. A house’s interior design is
perfected and distinguished by one’s preference on their choice of a set of stairs. One can decide to incorporate box newels or turned newels as
their newel posts. Well varnished and maintained newel posts are as good as a new set of newel stairs
Types of False Ceiling Designs
#1: Experiment With a Single-Layered False Ceiling

This false ceiling design will draw the eye upwards immediately
Want to jazz up your false ceiling design without going the whole hog? This single-layer ceiling will work great for you. This adds dimension
to your room. If you think that a design will overwhelm your space, single-layered is the best ceiling design for you. If you need more
character to this ceiling design, add colours, shapes, textures and lighting.
#2: Stack Up With a Multilayered False Ceiling Design

Open up new avenues for adding lighting

If you are looking for the best false ceiling design for a hall, layering is the way to go. Layering can always help provide a feeling
of grandeur and open up new ways to experiment with colours, lighting and textures. Layers are a great way to innovate with an
already versatile medium to create a completely personalised ceiling design. It can also create the illusion of a bigger room.
#3: Create an Elaborate False Ceiling With Plus-Minus POP

Factor in existing decor plans for this one

Constructed completely out of POP, this relatively new ceiling design option is all about protruding designs rather than tucking it all in. This
ceiling is more on the elaborate side, so be sure to factor in decor plans and the amount of space you have available.
#4: Add a Coffered False Ceiling Design for Drama

Create the illusion of higher ceilings with this false ceiling design
Coffers are sunken square or boxy panels that are fixed into a ceiling. Aside from instantly bringing drama into a space, this ceiling
design also creates the illusion of a higher ceiling height and multiple dimensions within one room.
 Shapes to Consider - in False Ceiling

A POP false ceiling design is popular as it can be moulded into any shape on demand. However, there are other materials that can also be shaped to
one’s desire. Here are some examples of shapes that have proven why they are on the popular list.

#1: Box in Your Ceiling Design

Make these unique box designs with POP

A boxed ceiling with recessed lights attached to them can be the best false ceiling design option for you as it looks unique due to
its geometric pattern.
#2: Save Space With a Peripheral False Ceiling Design

This design allows space for a chandelier with peripheral false ceiling
This minimal design runs along the corners of the room and is perfect for low-ceiling homes. You can also find space for a chandelier or
pendant lights in this design.
#6: Balance With an Inverted Cove Ceiling Design

This design can work in every room

A great option to reduce high ceilings, the inverted cove works well in every room and is perfect for ambient lighting. You can also find
space for a chandelier in this design.
#3: Flaunt a Geometric Ceiling Design

Use geometric designs for a stylish edge

This false ceiling design for hall requires suspended panels for each piece that is put together. Needless to say, this design has a
stylish edge like no other.
#4: Amp It Up With Intricate Latticework

The intricate lattice design glams up the room

Latticework adds a subtle demarcation to this space. Not to mention it is capable of amping up the aesthetic of your room significantly.
#7: Simple and Minimal False Ceiling Design

Beauty in simplicity
When space is scarce, an intricate false ceiling can make the room look even smaller. In such cases, it is best to opt for a simple and minimal false
ceiling design. You can add spotlights to elevate the look.
#5: Decorate Your False Ceiling With Wooden Slats

Add a sophisticated Indian touch to your room with wooden slats

One of the most sought-after designs in India, a false ceiling design with wooden slats is great for its insulating abilities. If you are
ready to shell out for your ceiling design, this is a great option to pick.
Other Shapes /Patterns
What is a false ceiling?

A false ceiling is basically a type of ceiling that is designed to fit below the original ceiling. A false ceiling design is usually suspended by wood
or metal frames and the illusion it brings of a lower ceiling, sometimes with parts of the original ceiling on display, has earned it the moniker
‘dropped ceiling’.

The construction of a false ceiling can be done in any home, irrespective of size. This type of ceiling is usually mounted at a minimum distance
of 8 inches from the original ceiling.

Usually, the distance between the main ceiling and the false ceiling is 8 inches. The area above the dropped ceiling is called plenum. Although
false ceilings enhance the appearance of a room significantly, they bring with them an extra set of challenges.

Popular Materials
#1: Get a Visually Airy Gypsum False Ceiling

Gypsum comes from calcium and is used in the construction of lightweight ceilings. They usually come in
the form of boards that are then hung off from the ceiling with iron or wooden frameworks and painted
on.
Ceiling Cost Per Sq Ft.: ₹50–₹150

Use gypsum for lightweight false ceilings

Gypsum is a neat-looking, stronger and more durable material than POP. However, it has the same
insulation properties and can be installed in an eco-friendly manner as it doesn’t produce a lot of toxic
dust during the process. Since it attaches to the ceilings using metal frames, it is easier to install than
POP which requires moulding skills.

They are easy-to-install and don’t burn a hole in your pocket. Gypsum also controls the transmission of
heat and sound through your ceiling while being aesthetically appealing.

One of the advantages is the heat-resistant property of this material. It has a non-combustible core that
contains chemically combined water (in calcium sulfate). First thing that happens when the ceiling comes
in contact with fire is that water comes out of it like steam. Even after the water is gone, the gypsum
board continues to resist heat. You can use multiple layers of this material for higher heat resistance for
your home.
Installation of a Gypsm false ceiling

Easier to install
Less wastage of material
Basic structure is similar
#2: Get a Plaster-of-Paris or POP False Ceiling Design for Durable Interiors

Plaster of Paris or POP false ceiling is the most common variety of ceilings
that are available in India. And for good reason; this type of POP ceiling
design for a hall is known for its insulating properties and varying weather
conditions.
Cost Per Sq. Ft. ₹50–₹150

Use POP if you need long-lasting and weather resistant ceilings

POP is highly resistant to fire and has an excellent thermal insulation

property. It is a better option than gypsum (which basically turns to POP
upon dehydration) when you need a rather mouldable false ceiling design.
Installation of a POP false ceiling

There is a lot of wastage of material

#3: Soothe Your Room With a Wooden Ceiling Design

Adds a warm touch to your room

Due to its natural grain and texture, wood as a false ceiling design idea is quite popular. It’s on the pricier side, which is why you’d
most likely see it in residential buildings rather than large-scale commercial projects.

False Ceiling Cost Per Sq. Ft.: ₹80–₹650

Wooden false ceilings are expensive but worth all your money. They are best for rooms with high ceilings as they reduce the
perception of height. They can make your large rooms appear cosier and more intimate. The reason why wood can achieve this is
because wood is easier to notice compared to white ceilings. White ceilings do the opposite, they make small rooms appear
voluminous.

Mainten Fire-
Materials Price Waterproof
-ance proof

₹50 to
Gypsum Low Yes Yes
₹150

Plaster of ₹50 to
Low Yes Yes
Paris ₹150

₹80 to
Wood Low No No
₹650
Installation of a WOODEN false ceiling

HPL - 5,6,8, & 12 mm most used 6mm - Alstone

#4: Grid False Ceilings

Metal ceiling tiles

Metals such as aluminium and galvanized iron are widely used in false ceilings. Metals are hard and durable by their very nature.
These ceiling panels can be installed easily and require very little maintenance. They can also be easily removed and reinstalled
which makes it ideal to house water pipes, AC ducts and electric wires away from public glare. Metal ceiling panels can be
finished in innovative ways to increase the aesthetic appeal of the ceiling.
#5: PVC False Ceilings

Another highly durable material that is also the easiest to install is PVC. It has insulation properties and isn’t a brittle material.
Consequently, PVC ceilings are easy-to-install and safe at the same time. Since this material is also resistant to moisture and
weathering, it is suitable for outdoor purposes like balcony ceilings as well.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is an ideal plastic material for false ceilings in garages, basements, kitchens, toilets and bathrooms. PVC
ceiling panels are a highly cost-effective alternative to other costlier panels. These panels are easy to install and maintain. They
are lightweight and resistant to moisture and termites. They do not get affected by UV light and hence are colour fast. They can
also be finished in a variety of ways giving flexibility in design.

Installation of a PVC false ceiling

 #6: Glass False Ceilings

Glass ceiling panels

Being a non-crystalline but transparent material, glass is a good material to work with for improving the aesthetics of a false ceiling. Due
to its brittle nature, it has limited uses but the brittleness can be reduced by adding suitable additives. Their transparency can be used
effectively to make small spaces look bigger. Glass ceiling panels can be a suitable roofing solution in establishments such as libraries,
restaurants, book stores and jewellery shops. Glass is susceptible to design elements such as colouring, laminating and patterning.
Besides, glass is a good heat insulator.
Other Types of false ceilings

Fibre false ceilings are also known as acoustic or soundproofing ceilings for their sound and heat insulation properties which
are achieved by mixing natural and synthetic materials such as bitumen, tars, vegetable fibre, wood and stone. Because of the
reinforcements, fibre ceiling tiles acquire toughness, hardness and resistance to fire making them highly suitable for
commercial applications in noisy places such as shopping malls, retail showrooms and offices.

Fibre false ceilings are gaining popularity in commercial applications because they are available at low costs, can be installed
easily and offer many functional benefits. However, fibre ceiling panels are not suitable for residential applications because
they lack aesthetic appeal.

Fabric or synthetic leather false ceiling panels

Fabric and synthetic leather false ceilings are more ornamental than functional. They can create a special ambience because
they can be created in many intricate designs to match with the rest of the interiors. Since they are functionally weak but
aesthetically strong, they are useful in temporary situations such as exhibitions or events.
 Advantages and Disadvantages of False Ceiling Designs:

Advantages of a False Ceiling Disadvantages of a False Ceiling

A false ceiling creates great acoustics. This makes it a great

It requires expert precision to install and design false ceilings
design treatment for living rooms, home theaters and AV rooms

It hides wires and pipes easily If not done properly, it can present the risk of fixtures falling off

It is great for balancing your room height if you have a higher It is not a good option for homes which have low-ceilings. You
ceiling need to have a ceiling height higher than 11 feet

Home insulation becomes easier. In colder regions, it traps air

It needs constant maintenance as compared to traditional
which helps maintain temperature. In hotter weather, it
ceilings, which means durability is comparatively lesser
optimises the air conditioner by trapping cold air

Since a false ceiling is suspended a few inches below your main

ceiling, there is a gap between the two layers that act as an
insulator Sometimes it can keep your home naturally cool as
well.
Is a False Ceiling Expensive?

The right answer is that a false ceiling isn’t always expensive. Since its price is calculated per sq. ft., you can opt for minimal
designs that serve the same purpose in your room for less money. Some basic types of ceiling designs that cost less would
be peripheral and island type. Given that the size of your new ceiling is in your hands, it will be easy to control your
expenditure.

Which False Ceiling Is Long-Lasting?

All false ceilings are long lasting, as they are built not only for aesthetics but also practical uses like heat and sound
proofing. Hence, materials like gypsum, PVC and wood that are used for ceilings, are highly durable and in fact, make your
homes safer.

What Will Be the Cost of False Ceilings?

The cost of false ceilings can be calculated approximately if you know the surface area of the ceiling that needs to be built.
Simply multiply the rate of your choice of material per sq. ft. with this area to get the base cost. Additionally, you should
account for the cost of finishing that your ceiling will require (paint/polish), any electrical changes and fittings (including
cove lights) in the cost of your false ceiling design.