64   Year 9 Science Learning Workbook

4. a. Uranus.
b. Pluto.
5. On this scale, it is impossible to see all the planets!
Solar system puzzle
Across Down
2. Planet 1. Earth
5. Gravity 2. Pluto
6. Orbit 3. Eight
7. Star 4. Moon
8. Sun 8. Space

The Earth has a shadow, too (page 247)

1. a. The Moon would dim and sometimes disappear. This is called an eclipse of the Moon / lunar eclipse.
b. Because the Moon usually passes above or below the Earth’s shadow, and not through it.
c. Directly underfoot! On the opposite side of the Earth.
d. More or less directly overhead, in the night sky.
2. They are satellites and they disappear because they are eclipsed – they move into our (Earth’s) shadow.
Since they only reflect sunlight, when the Sun is blotted out, they ‘disappear’.
3. They give out their own light, so even if a star was to pass through our (Earth’s) shadow, we would still
see it (and be consumed by it!). In fact, our shadow falls way short of any star.

A lunar eclipse (page 248)

1. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth.
2.

A
B penumbra
Sun Earth umbra
Moon
D penumbra
C

3. a. Umbra.
b. Penumbra.
c. The umbra.
4. a. The left side.
b. No. The Earth’s shadow is always on the shaded/night side!
c. No, only from the side of the Earth facing away from the Sun.