Answers   57

Weather map (page 220)

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Questions
1. All of the weather around us is caused by uneven heating of the Earth by the Sun. Different areas of
the world receive different amounts of heating. Differences in heating cause differences in pressure.
Differences in pressure cause wind. Low pressure at the surface of the Earth is generally associated with
stormy weather. High pressure at the surface of the Earth is generally associated with fine weather. In New
Zealand, the weather is dominated by the passage of high-pressure systems and low-pressure systems.
Because New Zealand is situated between 30 and 60 degrees south of the equator, weather systems
usually move from west to east across the country.
2. A line that connects points with equal pressure.
3. a. i. Stormy weather.
ii. Fine weather.
b. i. The wind would be from the north on the west coast; from the south on the east coast.
ii. The wind would be from the west.
iii. The wind would be from the south-west.
c. i. Gale-force northwesters.
ii. To the east.

The world’s water supply (page 223)

Questions
1. It is essential to life and is a major component of all living things.
2. Ice/solid, water/liquid, vapour/gas.
3. The oceans, glaciers and icecaps, groundwater, freshwater lakes, inland seas, soil moisture, atmosphere,
and rivers.