Study & Master

Support Pack | Grade 11

CAPS

Physical Sciences
Information sheets

This pack of information sheets for the study of the

Physical Sciences Grade 11 CAPS curriculum will support
your learners on the road to success. Learners can work
through these individually at home or these could form the
basis of a catch-up class or online lesson. You have permission
to print or photocopy this document or distribute it
electronically via email or WhatsApp.
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 Information for reference
SI units
In South Africa we use the International System of Units. This is abbreviated as
SI (from the French name Système International d’Unitès). There are seven basic
units and all other units are derived from these seven. They are:
• length (distance) in metres (m)
• time in seconds (s)
• mass in kilograms (kg)
• electric current in ampere (A)
• temperature in kelvin (K)
• luminous intensity in candela (cd)
• amount of substance in mole (mol).

A set of derived units is also used. Here is a list of some of these units that you
will come across in this book:
Quantity Symbol SI unit
Position x, y metre (m)
Displacement Dx, Dy or s metre (m)
Acceleration a metre per second squared (m·s−2)
Initial velocity vi or u metre per second (m·s−1)
Final velocity vf or v metre per second (m·s−1)
Time (instant) t second (s)
Time interval Dt second (s)
Mass m kilogram (kg)
Weight w newton (N)
Gravitational acceleration g metre per second squared (m·s−2)
Force F newton (N)
Normal force N newton (N)
Tension T newton (N)
Frictional force f newton (N)
Coefficient of friction µ, µs, µk no units
Potential energy U or Ep joule (J)
Kinetic energy K or Ek joule (J)
Frequency f hertz (Hz)
Period T second (s)
Wave speed v metre per second (m·s−1)
Wavelength l metre (m)
Voltage or potential difference V volt (V)
Work done W joule (J)
Emf « volt (V)
Electric charge Q, q coulomb (C)
Electric current I ampere (A)
Resistance R ohm (Ω)
Magnetic field B tesla (T)
Magnetic flux F weber (Wb)
Power P watt (W)

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SI prefixes
To convert in the decimal system, you need to know the metric multiples:
Prefix Abbreviation Factor
tera- T 1012
giga- G 109
mega- M 106
kilo- k 103 5 1 000
hecto- h 102 5 100
deca- da 101 5 10
deci- d 10–1 5 0,1
centi- c 10–2 5 0,01
milli- m 10–3 5 0,001
micro- µ 10– 6
nano- n 10– 9
pico- p 10–12

Greek symbols
We sometimes use the letters from the Greek alphabet as symbols in science.
In Grade 11 we will use the following symbols:
Greek letter Greek name Meaning in science Example
d Delta Partially d− partially negative
l Lambda Wavelength λ55m
∆ Delta (capital) Change in ∆v change in velocity
F Phi Symbol for magnetic flux Ф5B3A
Ω Omega Ohm Unit of resistance: R = 5 Ω

Physics constants
Name Symbol Value
Acceleration due to gravity g 9,8 m·s−2
Gravitational constant G 6,67 3 10−11 N·m2·kg−2
Coulomb’s constant k 9,0 3 109 N·m2·C−2
Speed of light in a vacuum c 3,0 3 108 m·s−1
Charge on electron e −1,6 3 10−19 C
Electron mass me 9,11 3 10−31 kg
Radius of Earth RE 6,38 3 106 m
Mass of Earth ME 5,98 3 1024 kg

Physics formulae
Motion
vf = vi + aΔt
vf2 = vi2 + 2aΔx
1
Δx = viΔt + 2​aΔt2
vf 1 vi
Δx = 2 ​Δt

PHYSICS INFORMATION SHEETS iii

 Force
Fnet = ma
mm
F = G d1 2 2 ​​
W = mg
fsmax = μsN
fk = μkN

Waves, sound and light

v = fλ
1
T = f​
ni sin θi = nr sin θr
c
n = v​

Electrostatics
QQ
F = k r1 2 2 (k = 9,0 3 109 N·m2·C−2)
F
E= q
kQ
E = r 2 (k = 9,0 3 109 N·m2·C−2)
W
V= Q

Electromagnetism
∆Φ
ε = −N ∆t
Φ = BA cos θ

Current electricity
Q W
I = ∆t W = Vq P = ∆t
V
R= I W = VI∆t P = VI
1 1 1 1
Rp = R1 + R2 + R3 + … W = I2R∆t P = I2R
V 2∆t V2
RS = R1 + R2 + R3 + … W= R P= R

Chemistry constants
Name Symbol Value
Avogadro’s constant NA 6,02 × 1023 mol−1
Molar gas constant R 8,31 J·K−1·mol−1
Standard pressure Pθ 1,013 3 105 Pa
Molar gas volume at STP VM 22,4 dm3·mol−1
Standard temperature Tθ 273 K

Chemistry formulae
P1V1 P2V2 m V
T1 = T2 n=M n=V
M
N n m
PV = nRT n=N c = V or c = MV
A

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Symbols of chemical elements and their names
1 H Hydrogen 38 Sr Strontium 75 Re Rhenium
2 He Helium 39 Y Yttrium 76 Os Osmium
3 Li Lithium 40 Zr Zirconium 77 Ir Iridium
4 Be Beryllium 41 Nb Niobium 78 Pt Platinum
5 B Boron 42 Mo Molybdenum 79 Au Gold
6 C Carbon 43 Tc Technetium 80 Hg Mercury
7 N Nitrogen 44 Ru Ruthenium 81 Tl Thallium
8 O Oxygen 45 Rh Rhodium 82 Pb Lead
9 F Fluorine 46 Pd Palladium 83 B Bismuth
10 Ne Neon 47 Ag Silver 84 Po Polonium
11 Na Sodium 48 Cd Cadmium 85 At Astatine
12 Mg Magnesium 49 In Indium 86 Rn Radon
13 Al Aluminium 50 Sn Tin 87 Fr Francium
14 Si Silicon 51 Sb Antimony 88 Ra Radium
15 P Phosphorus 52 Te Tellurium 89 Ac Actinium
16 S Sulfur 53 I Iodine 90 Th Thorium
17 Cl Chlorine 54 Xe Xenon 91 Pa Protactinium
18 Ar Argon 55 Cs Cesium 92 U Uranium
19 K Potassium 56 Ba Barium 93 Np Neptunium
20 Ca Calcium 57 La Lanthanum 94 Pu Plutonium
21 Sc Scandium 58 Ce Cerium 95 Am Americium
22 Ti Titanium 59 Pr Praseodymium 96 Cm Curium
23 V Vanadium 60 Nd Neodymium 97 Bk Berkelium
24 Cr Chromium 61 Pm Promethium 98 Cf Californium
25 Mn Manganese 62 Sm Samarium 99 Es Einsteinium
26 Fe Iron 63 Eu Europium 100 Fm Fermium
27 Co Cobalt 64 Gd Gadolinium 101 Md Mendelevium
28 Ni Nickel 65 Tb Terbium 102 No Nobelium
29 Cu Copper 66 Dy Dysprosium 103 Lr Lawrencium
30 Zn Zinc 67 Ho Holmium 104 Rf Rutherfordium
31 Ga Gallium 68 Er Erbium 105 Db Dubnium
32 Ge Germanium 69 Tm Thulium 106 Sg Seaborgium
33 As Arsenic 70 Yb Ytterbium 107 Bh Bohrium
34 Se Selenium 71 Lu Lutetium 108 Hs Hassium
35 Br Bromine 72 Hf Hafnium 109 Mt Meitnerium
36 Kr Krypton 73 Ta Tantalum 110 Ds Darmstadtium
37 Rb Rubidium 74 W Tungsten 111 Rg Roentgenium

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