LAB SHEET

Programme Diploma in Electronic Engineering (Control)

Course Code DEJ30023 : Instrumentation

Title Introduction to Hydraulic System Instrumentation

Lab. No. DEJ30023/JKE/PW04

NAMA NO MATRIX
MUHAMMAD ARIF HAKIM BIN YUSRI 0DJK21F2002
MOHAMMAD DANIEL ATHFI BIN 08DJK21F2036
AMIRUNNIZAM
SYAZWAN ARIFFIN BIN SAA’DOM 08DJK21F2034
MOHAMMAD SUKRI BIN MAING 08DJK21F2010

LEARNING OUTCOME:
PLO5 : apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools to
well-defined engineering problems, with an awareness of the limitations (DK6).

CLO2 : construct and test the processing control system application based on the theory and
principle operation of the system

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE (SO):

Upon completion of this laboratory, students should be able to:
i. construct a simple circuit of hydraulic system on the hydraulic trainer.
ii. operate the circuit of hydraulic system instrument on the hydraulic trainer.

ACTION NAME & DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DATE

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 Salizahanim Binti Leman Course
Prepared by: 1/12/2020
Lecturer

Suriani Binti Daud Head

Checked & approved by: 1/12/2020
of Programme

THEORY :
In the recent past there has been a significant increase in the use of hydraulics in our industries.
The use of oil hydraulic systems as a means of power transmission in modern machines evolved a
few decades earlier in the western world. Hydraulic systems are now extensively used in machine
tools, material handling devices, transport and other mobile equipment, in aviation systems, etc.
The basic component of the hydraulic system are pump, strainer, oil reservoir, filter, pressure
gauge, pressure relief valve, directional control valve, actuator (cylinder or motor), etc. These
components are joined together or connected by means of pipes, tubes or hoses. Figure 1.0 shows
the basic component of hydraulic system.

Figure 1.0: Basic components of hydraulic system

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Explorer II system familiarization

The Explorer II Hydraulic system consists of a steel A-frame with industrial grade hydraulic
components hard-mounted to its front panel. The components of the fluid supply system, excluding
the pump assembly are permanently plumbed behind the panel. The hard-mounted components
are labeled on the panel as shown in Figure 2.0.

Figure 2.0 : Explorer II Panel

PRE-LAB:
1. Students are required to describe the function of each component on the panel of Explorer II
System as in Figure 2.0.
2. Students must submit the findings to lecturer for the verification before proceed to the
practical work.

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APPARATUS :
1. Hydraulic System Trainer
2. Hoses

SAFETY PRECAUTION :

1. Maintain a clean work area at all times.

2. Handle electrical components and fittings with caution.
3. Always use a grounded electrical source of the proper rating.
4. Always turn off the pump before making or breaking connections with the components.
5. Always wipe your hands completely before touching electrical equipment including the
solenoid valve and the switch controlling the pump.
6. DO NOT clean hoses or plastic parts with chemical cleaning fluids.

PROCEDURE :

Figure1(a)

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 Figure 1(b)

Procedures:
1. Label all the components used.
2. Connect the circuit above.
3. On the switch and observe the movement of the cylinder.

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QUESTION/DISCUSSION:
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 1. Explain the circuit diagram operation while in working
condition.
Hydraulic Pump Operation: The hydraulic system begins with the operation of the hydraulic pump.
The pump, usually driven by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, generates fluid flow
by converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The pump draws hydraulic fluid from the
reservoir and delivers it under pressure to the rest of the system.

Fluid Distribution: The pressurized hydraulic fluid from the pump is directed through a series of
valves, hoses, and pipes to reach the intended components or hydraulic actuators. Valves control
the flow direction, pressure, and rate of fluid delivery, allowing for precise control of the hydraulic
system.

Actuator Operation: Hydraulic actuators, such as hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors, convert
the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to perform the desired work. In the case of a hydraulic
cylinder, the pressurized fluid enters one side of the cylinder, causing the piston to move, which in
turn moves the connected load. Hydraulic motors, on the other hand, convert the fluid pressure into
rotary motion to drive machinery or equipment.

Control of Actuators: The operation of hydraulic actuators is controlled through control valves.
These valves regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid to the actuators, allowing for precise control of
speed, direction, and force. Control valves can be manually operated, mechanically operated, or
electronically controlled, depending on the application and level of automation.

Pressure Regulation: The hydraulic system maintains a specific pressure level to ensure proper
functioning and safety. Pressure relief valves are employed to limit the maximum pressure within
the system, preventing damage to components. Pressure control valves are used to regulate the
system pressure based on the specific requirements of the application.

Filtration and Cooling: Hydraulic systems incorporate filtration elements to remove contaminants
from the hydraulic fluid, ensuring the cleanliness and longevity of system components. Additionally,
hydraulic systems often employ cooling mechanisms such as heat exchangers or oil coolers to
dissipate excess heat generated during operation, preventing fluid overheating and component
failure.

Fluid Return and Reservoir: After performing its work, the hydraulic fluid returns to the reservoir for
recirculation. The reservoir serves as a storage tank for the hydraulic fluid and provides a location
for air separation, fluid cooling, and fluid level monitoring. The fluid is filtered and maintained at the
required level before being drawn back into the pump to continue the cycle.

2. Recognize the applications of the circuit in industry technology.

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Heavy Machinery: Hydraulic systems are widely used in heavy
machinery such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, and loaders for efficient power transmission and
control of movement.

Manufacturing Equipment: Hydraulic systems are utilized in manufacturing equipment such as

presses, injection molding machines, and metal forming machines to apply precise force and
control the movement of components.

Automotive Industry: Hydraulic systems are employed in various applications within the automotive
industry, including power steering systems, suspension systems, braking systems, and hydraulic
lifts for vehicle maintenance.

3. Explain how the hydraulic system is used in machine tool application.

In machine tool applications, hydraulic systems are used for various functions that require precise
control, high force, and reliable operation.

CONCLUSION:
In summary, this practical work have reached the objective to construct a simple circuit of hydraulic
system on the hydraulic trainer and to operate the circuit of hydraulic system instrument on the
hydraulic trainer. The operation of a hydraulic system in working condition involves the operation of
a hydraulic pump, distribution of pressurized fluid, control of hydraulic actuators, pressure
regulation, filtration, cooling, and fluid return to the reservoir. These operations work together to
transfer power, control movement, and ensure the efficient functioning of the hydraulic system.
REFERENCES:
1.Definition of hydraulic system on website.

-https://www.vectorsolutions.com/resources/blogs/what-is-a-hydraulic-system-definition-designand-
components/
2. Applications of hydraulic system
-http://en.china-
ini.com/product/20/?gclid=CjwKCAjwpuajBhBpEiwA_ZtfhYunP5h9sIqRj6IxT8wlYNZytHVtAt1W4su
hvu-G2woaiHU7oFeEjRoCYagQAvD_BwE

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 PRACTICAL WORK ASSESSMENT
DEJ30023 – INSTRUMENTATION

Session : _2 /2022/2023_________________________________

Programme :__DJK____________________ Practical Work Number :______04________________

Date :__3/6/2023__________________________ Lecturer’s Name : Pn Saliza

Hanim___________________________

1. PRACTICAL WORK ASSESSMENT (PSIKOMOTOR)

No Practical Skill Competency Criteria Matrix Number

(CLO2,P4,
PLO5, CLS3a)
Follow Follow the instruction
1
Instructions appropriately and confidently
Apparatus Identify, use and set the
2
Handling apparatus/equipment correctly
Circuit
3 Construct the circuit correctly
Assembling
Circuit
4 Operate the circuit perfectly
Operational
Output
5 Observation Observe the output correctly

Trouble shooting
6 Do trouble shooting excellently

Practice of Practice proper safety all the

7 safety time

8 Housekeeping Do the housekeeping voluntary

Time Do the work within the

9 management stipulated time
TOTAL (45)
PERCENTAGE (80)

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2. PRACTICAL WORK ASSESSMENT (COGNITIVE)

No Practical Skill Competency Criteria Score

(CLO2,P4,
PLO5, CLS3a,
3c)
1. Introduction Background information provided.
2. Pre lab Question have been answered
Results interpreted and analyzed
3. Result Figures, graphs, tables are produced and included (wherever
applicable).
Results and questions (if applicable) interpreted and
4. Discussion discussed.

5. Conclusions Important points are concluded.

6. References Reference cited and relevant

Experimental Written in paragraph format and experimental details are

7.
procedure covered
8. Format Formatting readable

TOTAL (/40)

PERCENTAGE (/20)

core Description

Demonstrate complete understanding of the task. Respond to ALL

5
requirements of task.
Demonstrate considerable understanding of the task. All requirements
4
of task are included.
Demonstrate partial understanding of the task. Most requirements of
3
task are included.
Demonstrate little understanding of the task. Many requirements of task
2
are missing.
Demonstrate no understanding of the task. No response/task not
1
attemped.

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