Picture Dictionary The definitions are for the words as they are introduced in the selections of this book. Parts of an Entry The entry shows how the ——+ word is spelled. The picture helps you understand more about the meaning of the word. fast é This car goes fast. 288 Picture Dictionary The sample sentence uses the word in a way that shows its meaning.These cats are alike. —_——<_—)—_———— back The back tire is flat. beak This bird's beak is colorful. alike blow better Martha got a better grade. between The house is between the two trees. blow The wind will blow the tree down.body > cold body build \ You can build things with blocks. calendar December = a2 me 67 BON aa ae eT Vee \ 9 Te ae Se This calendar shows the month of December. climb Orangutans can climb trees, It’s cold today. 290 Picture Dictionarycommunicate > coverings communicate People communicate by talking and writing. computer Jim does work on a computer. cool The fan keeps me cool. corner pe | write my name in the corner of the paper. coverings coverings. Birds and turtles have different N“«< x SE < ce 291follow hot follow grass. front future future second grade past present first grade kindergarten In the future, | will be in second grade. —$ {J —_ history Study history to learn what happened long ago. fur z \ This big dog has a lot of fur. 294 Picture Dictionary hot The stove is hot.—_95—__—_ Internet Sarah reads good news on the Internet. invent People invent things like the telephone. | key Amap key uses symbols to show where things are. -@ = re ey lems 9 re =~ bee Internet > look —> (>| left Turn left when you see this sign. location Our tent is in a good location by the lake. look a> o These apples look the same. N 295Content vocabulary see Vocabulary Context clues unfamiliar words 213 using to determine meanings 213 Conventions, in writing capitalization for months and days of week 213 for proper nouns 213 for salutation and closing of letter 213 to begin sentences 41 parts of speech adverbs 245 nouns 283 prepositions 283, 285 verbs 69, 181, 211, 213, 245 punctuation to end sentences 41, 71, 109, 141, 143 Creative projects 3, 43, 44, 71, 72, 73, 75, 102, 144, 145, 147, 213, 214, 217, 220, 286, 287 Critical thinking 32, 62, 100, 134, 172, 202, 238, 274 D Describe actions 184, 203 people and things 31, 70, 144, 145, 184, 203, 212, 214, 249 306 Index Details locating 44, 63, 70, 82, 112, 116, 134, 135, 150, 173, 202 identifying 44, 63, 70, 71, 82, 112, 116, 134, 135, 150, 173, 202, 212, 213 about stories 63, 82, 116, 134, 135, 150, 173, 202 Determine importance main idea and details +4, 63, 70, 71, 82, 112, 135, 150, 173, 202, 212, 213, 224, 252 summarize 63 Dictionary definitions in 174, 204 using 174,204 Directions 217, 218, 219, 241, 247, 286, 287 following 218, 219, 247, 286, 287 End marks 41, 71, 109, 141, 143 Explain 76, 77, 78, 100, 101, 142, 143, 145, 181, 211 Express feelings 182, 183, 184, 213, 214 Express ideas 6, 32, 36, 40, 44, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 76, 77, 78, 100, 102, 108, 111, 112, 134, 136, 140, 143, 147, 170, 174, 180, 184, 203, 210, 213, 214, 217, 220, 238, 240, 244, 248, 274, 276, 282, 285Express opinions 148, 149, 172, 213, 214, 284, 285 F Facts about stories 62, 140 about other texts 62 locating 62, 101 list 62, 101 Fiction 11-30, 113-132, 189-200, 253-272 Future 175-179 Future tense verbs 181, 213 Genres animal fantasy 40 article 70 blog 175 blog entry 175, 180 chart 108 fact book 46, 68 fairy tale 282 friendly letter 212 history article 154, 180 how-to article 277, 282 informational text 224, 244 interview 137, 140 legend 103 literary response 284 modern fairy tale 252 nonfiction paragraph 142 photo journal 65, 68 poem 205, 210, 241, 244 tealistic fiction 116, 140, 188, 210 science article 35, 40 science nonfiction 82 story 10 Give information see Information, giving Glossary see Picture Dictionary Grammar see Adverbs; Capital letters; Compound words; Conventions, in writing; End marks; Future tense verbs; Irregular verbs; Nouns; Past tense verbs; Prepositions; Questions; Regular verbs; Sentences; Subject-verb agreement; Verbs Graphic organizers category chart 44 cause-and-effect chart 78, 101 character description chart 184 classification chart 112, 135 main idea and details diagram 150 problem-and-solution chart 248, 275 Tchart 220, 239 Venn Diagram 6, 33, 180 307Ideas see Express ideas; Speaking, express ideas Inferences 82, 116, 224, 252 Information, giving 42, 43, 70 Inventions 175-179 Irregular verbs 181 Key words see Vocabulary L Language functions see Listening; Speaking Listening ask for and give information 6, 32, 36, 44, 62, 64, 71, 73, 78, 100, 102, 112, 134, 136, 141, 143, 145, 147, 150, 172, 174, 184, 202, 204, 213, 214, 217, 219, 220, 221, 238, 240, 248, 249, 274, 276, 285, 287 collaborate with peers 5, 6, 32, 36, 40, 43, 44, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 77, 78, 100, 102, 108, 111, 112, 134, 136, 140, 143, 149, 150, 172, 174, 180, 183, 184, 185, 202, 204, 210, 213, 214, 219, 220, 238, 240, 244, 248, 274, 276, 282, 285 for sounds 8, 46, 80, 114, 152, 186, 222, 250 308 Index monitor understanding of spoken language 44, 45, 71, 73, 141, 213, 214, 219, 249, 285, 287 to discussions 6, 40, 44, 71, 78, 112, 143, 147, 180, 210, 213, 220, 244, 248, 282, 285 to language structures 41, 71, 73, 109, 141, 143, 181, 211, 213, 214, 245, 283, 285, 287 to media audio 4, 11, 35, 42, 49, 65, 76, 83, 103, 110, 117, 137, 148, 155, 175, 182, 189, 205, 208, 218, 225, 241, 246, 252, 277 to phonics 8, 9, 46, 47, 80, 81, 114, 115, 152, 153, 186, 187, 222, 223, 250, 251 ' to speakers asking questions 40, 73, 180, 210, 214, 244, 249, 282 making comments 71, 213, 214, 285 to stories 247, 248 to vocabulary 5, 7, 43, 45, 77, 79, 111, 113, 149, 151, 183, 185, 219, 221, 247, 249 Literary analysis see Characters; Setting Logical order 279, 280, 281 M Machines 147, 210 Main idea and details 44, 63, 70, 71, 82, 112, 135, 150, 173, 212, 213Make connections see Connections, making Make inferences see Inferences Mapping category chart 44 cause-and-effect chart 78 character description chart 184 classification chart 112 problem-and-solution chart 248 main idea and details chart 184 Tchart 220 Venn Diagram 6, 44, 78, 112, 150, 184, 220, 248 Maps 36, 216, 218, 219, 221, 224, 225-237, 238, 239, 241, 244, 246, 247, 274, 277-281, 282, 286, 287 map key 219, 224, 227, 229, 231, 233, 237, 238, 287 see also Compass; Directions Media, non-print 4, 42, 76, 110, 148, 182, 217, 218, 246 Monitor comprehension see Plan and monitor N Nonfiction 35-39, 49-61, 65-67, 83-99, 137-139, 155-171, 175-179, 225-237, 277-281 Nouns 283 oO Opinions see Express opinions; Speaking, express opinions Oral language see Listening; Speaking Organize ideas 71, 143, 213, 285 P Past tense verbs 181, 213 Phonics 8-9, 46-47, 80-81, 114-115, 152-153, 186-187, 222-223, 250-251 Picture Dictionary meanings 288-304 Plan and monitor monitor and clarify 224, 252 Poetry thyme 205-207 thythm 205-207 Prefixes 276, 285 Prepositions 283, 285 Problem and solution 248, 273, 274, 275, 284, 285 Punctuation see End marks 309Q Questions 141 see also Sentences, types of Reading comprehension see Strategies for reading comprehension decoding affixes 240, 276 base words 69, 102, 136, 143, 181 sound-letter 285 phonics 9, 47, 81, 115, 153, 187, 223, 251 see also Retell Regular verbs 181 Retell 134, 135, 173, 203, 239, 275, 284 s Sensory language 116, 134, 140 Sentences complete, see Complete sentences ending punctuation, see End marks features of 41 subject-verb agreement in 69 types of 41, 109, 141, 143 310 Index Sequence 279, 280, 281 Set a purpose 224, 252 Setting 254 Signs 220, 239 Songs 76, 110, 148, 182, 218 Sorting 44, 79 Space 175-179 Speaking adapt spoken language for purposes 73, 145, 214, 287 ask and answer questions 32, 36, 40, 45, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 77, 100, 108, 111, 112, 113, 134, 140, 141, 143, 147, 170, 174, 180, 184, 203, 204, 210, 213, 214, 217, 219, 221, 238, 240, 244, 249, 274, 276, 282, 285, 287 ask for and give information 3, 5, 6, 32, 33, 34, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 75, 77, 78, 100, 101, 102, 108, 109, 111, 112, 134, 135, 136, 140, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 170, 173, 174, 180, 181, 183, 184, 202, 203, 204, 210, 211, 213, 214, 217, 219, 220, 221, 238, 239, 240, 244, 248, 249, 274, 275, 276, 282, 285, 286, 287 describe 73, 145, 184, 214, 240, 249, 276 engage in conversations 73, 184 explain 3, 32, 33, 34, 40, 44, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 75, 77, 78, 100, 101,102, 108, 134, 135, 136, 140, 143, 145, 170, 173, 174, 180, 202, 203, 204, 210, 213, 214, 217, 219, 238, 239, 240, 244, 245, 274, 275, 276, 282, 283, 285, 287 express feelings 183, 184, 213, 214 express ideas 6, 32, 34, 40, 44, 62, 64, 68, 71, 73, 78, 100, 102, 108, 111, 112, 134, 136, 140, 143, 147, 170, 174, 180, 184, 203, 210, 213, 214, 217, 220, 238, 240, 244, 248, 274, 276, 282, 285 express opinions 149, 172, 213, 214 give information 5, 32, 33, 43, 62, 71, 73, 78, 100, 101, 112, 134, 135, 143, 145, 149, 170, 183, 173, 202, 203, 213, 214, 217, 219, 238, 239, 245, 249, 274, 275, 283, 285, 287 give instructions 219 give presentations 73, 143, 145, 214 identify objects, people, and places 3, 5, 6, 32, 33, 43, 44, 62, 71, 134, 149, 170, 173, 183, 202, 203, 213, 217, 219, 247, 220, 238, 230, 248, 249, 274, 275, 283, 285, 286 narrate 247, 248 phonics 9, 47, 81, 115, 153, 187, 223, 251 provide suggestions 5, 6, 43, 78, 112, 147, 149, 150, 183, 220, 248 retell 135 share information 3, 5, 32, 33, 43, 62, 71, 73, 75, 100, 101, 134, 135, 143, 145, 147, 149, 170, 173, 183, 184, 203, 204, 213, 214, 217, 219, 238, 239, 244, 249, 274, 275, 282, 285 tell a story 247, 248 use a variety of grammatical structures 41, 71, 73, 109, 141, 143, 181, 211, 213, 214, 245, 283, 285, 287 see also Vocabulary Spelling base words with inflectional endings 69, 181, 240, 245, 276, 285 phonics 8, 46, 80, 114, 152, 186, 222, 250 using resources to check 71, 143, 285 words to know 7, 45, 79, 221, 249 Storms 137-139 Strategies for reading comprehension see Ask questions; Determine importance; Make connections; Make inferences; Plan and monitor; Set a purpose; Visualize Subjects 69 Subject-verb agreement 69 Suffixes 240, 285 Summarize see Determine importance Symbols 220, 224, 238, 239, 287 Synonyms 34, 71, 213 311Index of Authors Index of Illustrators Biermann, Renee 103 Bisset, Annie 225 Cobb, Vicki 83 Docompo, Valeria 253 Cummings, Pat 189, 201 Gorton, Julia 83 DiSpezio, Michael A. 277 Hall, Amanda 103 Goy, Anna 206 Kim, Joung Un 117 Kenah, Katharine 49 Morrison, Frank 189 Larson, Julie 35 Marshall, Greg 65 Nelson, Robin 155 Palacios, Argentina 253 Sanchez, Hector 208 Shores, Erika L, 225 Tetzloff, Jennifer 137 Walsh, Ellen Stoll 11, 31 Wolff, Ferida 117, 133 Wright, Richard 241 314 IndexText and Illustrator Credits Unit Five Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company: Text nd lustrations fom For Pete's Sake by Elen Soll ‘Wale, Copyright © 1998 Ellen Sol Wale, Reprinted by persion of Houghton Min areourtPabishing Company Al ights reserved ‘School specialty Publishing: Excerp: rom ‘Slher Shae, Hop and an by Kahane Kena Published in 2006 by Schoe! Specialty Pushing ate six Pablisher: Excerpt fom Face the ‘Wad by vik Cob stated yas Gonon Test copyright © 2003 Vics Cob estan copyright © 2003 Julia Garton Used by permission of Harpers Publishers and Susan Schtan Literary Agency Homghton Mifflin Harcourt Company: Text nd ‘lotions from A Ye for Kio by Feria Wl, ‘haste by Jung Un Ki Text copyright (01997 by Feeds Wol tsstions copyright (© 1997 by Joung Un Ku. Used by permission of ‘Houghton Mii Harour Publishing Company sd erda Wall Al rights teserved. Cnamariation Then and Now by Rai Nelson, Published in 2003 by Lerner Publishing Group, ne Unit Eight (Capstone Prete: Excerpted fromthe wot tented Maps Cal Tale Ung Syl an Kee by Erika. shres © 2008 by Capstone Pres All ‘igh reserved Areade Publishing: “Keep scaght down his ‘lock by Richard Wri, fom tha: Tis (Other Wert. Copyright © 199 by Elen Wright. 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(Seek com/Dimir66. 296 (ina Drastwe-fiuche/Drerstine com) AnionioGullemsStoek/Gety Images (cl) Cresta! ‘Gut ager © senrilGexy Images. (2) W. Seo Megil/Shucerstockeom, (BD Thomas Perkins Stock Pot.) image source! ‘Gey tages 297 i Robert Madden Nations (Geograph mage Collection.) Ana nthe uk ‘Shutesstoc com.) Chis Matsenlge FowestockGeuy lage.) Thomas M Pekin! Shuttelstek om (a) Zao Besnshaterack on (he inageBROKER/Alamy Stock Pots. 298 {Jamie Crosy/Dresmatime cm.) Jepterimages/Polka DovGety Images.) Michael ‘Newman/ tod () Marin Meabee/Alany Stock Phot. (8) Howard Noe/Oreamstine co 299d) jb FoovScockre/Geny ages (2) Design is inilamy Sock Photo) Wail Desgr/Shaserstckcom. (BD ln Coek/image Soure/Supertock. (Pete Sikora Shaterstock com 300 Mei 8 GrosvenodNatonal ‘Geographic Image Collen. Jose i Pelaez TnsGaty Images Sage8/Dreamtine com.) (Chas Senihi Corie VeCAGety images (OD ‘esystockrGety ages (9 Clow image! ‘Gey tages 301) Kim Sele Photodiaeety Images. (CD Weedeignsiock/Gety Images 2) Nicholas Eveleighv Aly Stock Pht, (i Hesrch van den Berg/Gety Images. (be) amie Cros! Dreamscmecom. 302 0 Feta PasncheAlamy Sock Photo. (Jobe Gastinatety Images Jim AehopaDipiaViso/Gety age) Boyes Bar omet/Gey mee. (Ero! Alany Stock Mota. (e) Marin HareyAlsmy ‘Stock Pot. 303 (a) NoDeog/ Getty Images 0) Joe Late Peloes In/Bendimagesety Images (Gd mage Box Uc Alay Sock Phot, skodonneltockGeuy Images. (Sebastian ‘CockeyStouersiock com. (0) ONOKY PhotononstopAlamy Steck Phot. 304 Jamie CCoss/Dreamstime com. ©) Mike ThelsNatona ‘Geographic nage Colleton, (James Osmond ‘Alamy Sock Prato.Acknowledgments ‘The Auhots and Publisher wood ike to thank the following evewers and aching professionals forte valuable feedback during the development of the series. Cermen Agra Deed, Grae Ln, Jord C. MeNai, Anastasia Suen (Global Reviewers ‘UsAICamada: Kristin Blathras, Led Literacy Teche, Donal Morel lmenary School, Chicago I Anna Clan, SL Teacher, 15251, rons, NY Jonathan Eversall, International Socalnareate Cursculre Coach, Fak Center Senior High, Srokya Fak, MN; Barbara A. Genovese Fraracl, District Pop Speciale, Hace La Puente Unified Schoal Dir, Hacienda Heghs CA; Vanessa Gonzales, ESL Tescher/ES. Speci, Rhone Elementary, Kay, 1X. Leonia eaguiee, lingual ESL Director, Phare San jan Alamo Independent choot Disrit,Phar, TX Myra Jump, Litrcy Coste, Toronto, ON, Susan “Mayherger, Coordinator o BL, Migrant and Refugee Edvcation, Omaha Public Schools, Ouabo, NE, Stephan Savage Cantu, Bitgtal Teacher, stone Jackson Eetmentary Schoo, Dallas, FX, Annette Torres Elias, Consultant, Pen, TX, Sonla James Upton, ELL Consuant, Tile, Kentucky Deparient of ‘Edenton, Frankfort KY ‘Mohan Alpe, School Princip Brainwos Inerationl School, Yangon; Andrew Chaang, WeigeFrimsry Schoo, Tipe; Sherefa Dickson, Hes Tesch SIC, Bejing, Me Hen? Manager, I's Vietnam, Ho Ci Minh; Chrietine aang, Pinca, The International lingual Scholae Hlnch Scene Pat (GBS, snes: Jlle twang, Acaernc Constant, Seoul; David Kwok, CEO, Engl Enterprise, Guangzhou; Emily U, Techn Asian, SMIC, Beng ‘Warren Martin, English Taher, Houbai Eaglsh, Being, Bongse Memba, Academic Coors, SMIC, Beng, Heal Minh Nguyen, Welupeing Internation] ‘Bilingual Schoo, Ho Ch Minh; Maek Rabertson, Elementary School Principal, Yangon Academy, Yangon Daphne Taeng,Areisn Eagle Insite, Hains ‘Amanda Xe, Director of Teaching and Resench, Engh Enterprise, Cuangshou, Alice Yamamoto ALI, PL. Galen Elmenary School, Oza; Yan Yang, Director of Reserch Developmen, Houhat English, Being Middle East ‘Liss Olsen, Teacher, GEMS World Academy, Dubai, Unite Arab Emirates rin Withot, Curiam Coordinator, Universal Aneian Schoo, Kuve Latin Americ: Federico Beall, Academic Director, Cambridge School of Monterey, Mexico: Elizabeth Caballere English Coordinator, Ramiro Kote Campus Oty. Mexico: [Renata Callipe, Teacher, CE Rombaldo, Bz ila Huerta, General Supervisor, ari Kolbe Campus Presientes, bese; Rosalba Millan, Egich Coordinator Primary, insite Cenes, Mexico; Amn Mare Moreira, Academe Canela, Bran; Mal Rivera, Engen Corsinator, famine Kolbe Camp Sima Fe, Mewco, Leonardo Xavier, Teacher, CEI Roma, Bess ‘The Pusher gratlly acknowledges the coninbutions of the flowing National Geographic Explores too program nd planet Greg Marshall ae Tm Samaras 317